[Catalogue of Library of Robert Carter Compiled by Philip Fithian.]
FOLIO'S
Molls large correct map of the whole world.
Chamber's Dictionary of the Arts & Sciences 2 Vols
Suplement to Ditto 2. Vol.
Millers Gardeners Dictionary.
Postlethwayts Do. of Trade & Commerce 2. Vol.
Bayley's Etymological Ditto.
Laws of Maryland.
Puffendorf's Law of Nature & Nations
Salmons universal Traveller 2. Vol.
Grotius on War & Peace.
Lockes Works 3 Vols.
Wilkin's real Character.
Principle of Equity.
Homes Decisions of the Court of Sessions.
Treatise & Maxims of Equity or Chancery.
Stackhouse History of the Bible 2 Vols.
17 Volumes of Music, by various Authors.
Temples Works 2 Volumes.
Cases in Equity Abridged 2 Volumes.
Ackerleys Britanick Constitution.
Spelmans Works.
Swinburne of Wills.
Vavassoris omnia Opera.
Hughes's natural History of Barbadoes.
Salmons Abridgment of state Trials.
Vossii Epistolae.
Observations on Caesars Comment.
Clarendons Tracts.
Scripta Senecae Philosophi.
Books of Common Prayer.
The Surveyor in four Books.
Hortensii Enarrationes in Virgilium.
Advices from Parnassus.
Blounts Censura Authorum.
Bacons Government.
Dictionaire universel de toates les Sciences, & des Arts 3 Volumes.
Biblia Sacra.
Stephani Thesaurus 4 Volumes.
Le grand Dictionaire History 4 Volumes.
Acta Regia.
Raleighs History of the World.
Calmets historical, critical, geographical, chronological and Etymological Dictionary of the Holy Bible in 3 Volumes.
Bundys Roman History 3 Volumes.
Works of Virgil 2 Volumes.
A View of universal History.
Cooke [Coke] on Littleton.
Sidney on Government.
Cornu Copia of Terence Varra.
Calmets Prints.
Alexanders Feasts, or the Power of Music, an Ode in Honour of St. Celaelia [Cecilia] by Dryden set to Music by Handel.
Hammond on the New Testament.
QUARTO.
Bates Hebrew & English Dictionary.
Christianity as old as the Creation.
North's Examen.
Blackstones Comment. 4 Volumes.
Harris's Justinian, in Latin.
Shaws Boerhave. 2 Volumes.
Simpsons Justice.
Builders Treasure of Designs.
Palladio Londenensis.
Marine Dictionary.
Newtons observations on Daniel.
Guidonis de Rebus memorabilibus.
Piscarnii Dissertationes medicae.
Carmina quadrigessimalia.
History of the London Royal Society.
Erasmus de optimo Rei Statue.
The Courtier by Castligio.
Puffendorf de la Nature, et des Gens.
Hedorici Lexicon.
Morhosii Polyhistor 2 Volumes.
Helvicus Chronology.
Hierenymi Syphilis.
Pearoes Longinus.
Boyers Dictionary.
Aurelii de Levitate Dei.
Phisica, a manuscript.
Monthly Review 24 Volumes.
Quinctiliani de Institutione Oratoris.
Barcleys Argenis.
Apology of the Church of England.
Newton's Milton 3 Vols. neatly gilt.
Horatius Bentleii.
Cowleys Works.
Chubbs Tracts.
Robertsons Charles 5. 5 Vols. Gilt.
Desaguliers Experiment. Philos. 2 Vols.
Gravesande Elements of Philosophy 2 Vols.
Sheridan on Elocution.
Grotius de la Guerre & de la Paix.
Fingal; an Epic Poem.
OCTAVO'S.
Universal History 21 Vols.
Supplement to Ditto.
Smiths Moral Sentiments.
Wingates Arithmetic.
Newtons Arithmetic.
Middltons Life of Cicero.
Dissertation upon Parties.
Free-thinking with remarks.
Middletons Letter from Rome.
Watts's Logic.
Buchanans History 2 Vol's.
Atterbury's Sermons 2 Vol's.
Familiar Letters.
Chaucers Tales 2 Vol's.
Loves Surveying.
Mc.Laurin's Algebra.
Erasmus's Colloquies.
Jacob's Law-Dictionary.
Quincy's Dispensatory.
Elements of the Art of Assaying Metals.
Mairs Book-Keeping.
Oxford Grammar.
Preceptor 2 Volumes.
Harris's Hermes.
Sheridan on Education.
Athenean Oracle 4 Vol's.
Echard's Roman History 6 Vol's.
Patricks Terence 2 Vol's.
Watson's Horace 2 Vol's.
Johnstons Dictionary 2 Vol's.
Greys Ecclesiastical History.
Hales History of the Law.
Virginia Justice.
Elements of Criticism 2 Vol's.
Gilbert of Wills.
Terms of Law.
Trials Per Pais.
Law of Estates.
Hawkins's Crown Law.
Duty of Executors.
Law of Uses & Trusts.
Molloy's de Jure Maritimo.
Kaim's Law Tracts.
Montesque's Spirit of Laws 2 Vol's.
Laws of ordinance 2 Vol's.
Attorney's Practice of Kings-Bench.
Harrison's accomplished practiser 2 Vol's.
Burns Justice 4 Vol's.
Ladies Compleat letter Writer.
Compleat Guide to London Trader.
Letter to Serena.
Poetical Works of the Earl of Halifax.
A Voyage to Cacklogallinia.
Kennets Roman Antiquities.
Fresnays Art of Painting.
Heridiani History Libri 8.
Zenophon in Latin.
Stillingfleet, & Burnet Conf: of Rel:
Discovery of celestial Worlds.
Minucii Felicis Octavianus.
Wards Mathematics.
Demetrii Phalerii de Elicutione.
Submission to the civil Magistrate.
Sacerdotism display'd.
Platonis Dialogi selecti.
Lexicon Plautinium.
The compleat Gentleman.
Ovid de Tristibus.
Valerius Maximus.
Wyckerleys Works.
Salmons History of England.
Hist poeticae Scripteres antiqui.
Bowdens Poetical Essays.
Noetica & Ethica.
Van Sweetens Comment 8 Vols.
Ausonii Opera.
Ovids Metamorphosis.
Wells Geography of New Testament 4 Vols.
Uptons observ: on Shakespear.
Spinoza reviv'd.
Hitory of the Belles Lettres.
Montaignes Essays 2 Vols.
Salmons Chronology 2 Vol's.
Lactantii Opera.
Present state of Great Britain.
Gays Fables 2 Vol's.
The Chace by Somerville.
Mitchels Poems 2 Vol's.
Cobdens Poems.
Seneca Tragediae.
Livii Historia 3 Vol's.
Rays Wisdom of God.
Terentii Delphini.
Law of Executors.
Tyndals Rights of the Church.
Youngs Poetical Works.
Gordons Geography.
Roseommons Poems.
Lynch's Guide to Health.
Bladens Caesar.
Variorum Auctorum Consilia.
Poems on State Affairs.
Essays on Trade.
Nardius's Noctes Geniales.
Caesaris Comment Vossii.
Account of Denmark.
Friend on Fevers & Small Pox.
Broaches General Gazatere.
Virgils Works.
Bailies Dictionary.
Ovidii Opera 3 Vol's.
Malcolm on Music.
Woodwards nat. Hist. of the Earth.
Smith's Sermons.
Guthries Essay on English Tragedy.
Bishop of Bangors Reply.
Flavii Aviani Fabulae.
Exposition of Roman Antiquities.
Oxford Latin Grammer.
Present State of Great Britain.
Alexandri ab Alexandro Libri sex.
Thompsons Poems.
Needlers Works.
Denhams Poems.
Ovids Metamorphosis.
Dictionary of the Holy Bible.
Spelmans Expedition of Cyrus.
Virginia Laws.
Smollets History of England 10 Vol's.
Series of political Maxims.
Donnes Letters.
De Juramenti Obligatione.
Voltaires select Pieces.
Rapin on Gardens. (A poem)
Life & Opinions of Tristram Shandy.
State of Great Britain & Ireland.
Juvenals & Perseus's Satires.
Wards Mathematicks.
Littletons History of Henry Seventh 3 Vol's.
Locke on human understanding.
Aprol's Nepos.
Cradocks Version of the Psalms.
Terrentiae Comediae.
Discours politiques sur Tacite.
Villa Burghesia.
Every Man his own Lawyer.
Chamberlanes religious Phil: 3 Vol's.
Observations on the Resurrection.
Manwarring on the Classicks.
Fontaines Fables.
Sheridans British Education.
Oldcastles Remarks on History of England.
Davidsons Ovids Epistles.
Potters Greek Antiquities 2 Vol's.
Chaucers Tales 3 Vol's.
Robertsons History of Scotland. 2 Vol's.
Thoyras's History of England.
Dennis's Miscellanies.
Dialogues of the Dead.
Of the Rupture with Spain, France & Eng.
Addissons Dissertation on the Roman Poets.
Augustini de Deitate Dei Libra 22.
Essay on the first Book of Lucretius.
The School of Man.
Book of Italian Music.
Poetices Libri septem.
Handels Operas for Flute 2 Vol's.
Enquiry concerning Virtue.
Montaignes Essays. 3 Vol's.
Epicteti Enchiridion.
Remarks on Prince Arthur.
Seneca Grutui.
The Religious Philosopher.
Tolands Works.
Memoirs of the Duke of Sully 3 Vol's.
Virgilii Opera.
Charon of Wisdom. 3 Vol's.
Arithmetica universalis.
Le Livre des Priores communes.
Life of Mahomet.
The moral Philosopher.
Gordons Tacitus. 4 Vol's.
Wagstaffes Works.
Art of Reading.
Colliers Amendments.
Life of Sethos 2 Vol's.
Kennets Roman Antiquities.
Of Conformity to religious Ceremonies.
Ovids Metamorphosis.
Musee Sacrae Poetarum.
History of Charles twelfth of Sweden 3 Vol's.
Broomes Poems.
Davidsons Virgil 2 Vol's.
Parliamentary Debates 12 Vol's.
Wells Geography of old Test 3 Vol's.
Davidsons Horace 2 Vol's.
Bakers Medulla Poet: Rom. 2 Vol's.
Fontaines Cupid, & Pisyche.
Davidsons Ovid.
Defence of Christian Revelation.
Philosophical Letters.
Strades Prolusions.
Whaleys Poems.
Nature & consequences of Enthusiasm.
Quintiliani Declamtiones.
Barcleys Apology. French.
Mitchels Poems 2 Vol's.
History of the Council of Trent.
Kerr, de Latina Ling. loquenda.
Homer, Greek & Latin.
Potters Greek Antiquities.
Tulls Husbandry.
Religious Philosopher.
Holy Bible, Longinus.
Tertullian.
View of the Court of Exchequer.
Porneys Elements of Heraldry.
Enchiridion Metaphysian.
Lactantius.
Treatise on Ventilators.
Virgil, Turners Syphilis.
Cicero's Orations. 3 Vol's.
Book of Rates.
Amyntor.
Agnyppus's Vanity of Arts.
Livii Historia 6 Vol's.
Humes Essays 2 Vol's.
Humes History of England. 8 Vol's.
(Both these Setts neatly gilt)
Vertets Revolutions of Sweden.
Ansons Voyage.
Cicero's Epistles.
Daran on the Urethra.
Virgil 2 Vol's.
Littletons Life of Henry Second 2 Vol's.
Dictionary of plants 2 Vol's.
Salmons chronological Historian 2 Vol's.
Smollets History of England 8 Vol's.
Smollets Continuation 4 Vol's.
Life of prince Eugene.
Life of Duke of Marlborough.
Compleat French Master.
Buchanans English Grammar.
Steeles English Grammar.
Historical Companion.
Boyers Telemachus 2 Vol's.
Eulia a Novel
Burnets History of England 6 Vol's.
Holme's Lattin Grammer.
Rdimans Ditto.
Tennants Law.
Harvey's Meditations 2 Vol's.
Academy of Play.
Tristram Shandy, 2 Setts 4 Vol's. Each
Salmons Gazateer.
Rudimans Institutons Latin.
British Grammar.
Clarks Essay on Education.
Westleys History of the New Testament.
Oconomy of human Life.
Cunninghams Horace.
Considerations concerning Money.
Bibliotheca Legum.
Clarks Latn Grammar.
Geography for Children.
Complete parish Officer.
Tyro's Dictionary.
Yoricks sentimental Journal.
Buchanans Spelling Dictionary.
Farriers compleat Guide.
Margaretta, a Sentmental Novel 2 Vol's.
Theologie portative French.
Kimbers Scotch Peerage.
Kimbers English Ditto.
McLung on Bile
Milatary Register for the years 1770. 1771. 1772.
Westleys History of the Bible 2 Vol's.
Joannis Barcley Argenis.
Idiotismi Verborum.
Persuis's Satires.
Cookes Hesiod.
L Apuleii de Assino Libri.
Ovids Tristia.
English Expositor.
Velleii Paterculi Historia.
Historical Companion.
Donnes Poems.
Voitures Works 2 Vol's.
Rowes Lucan 2 Vol's.
Derricks Voyage to the Moon.
Molieres Works French & English 10 Vol's.
Hughes Works 2 Vol's.
Patersons Notes on Milton.
Miscellanous Poems 2 Vol's.
Porta Linguarum.
Histoire D. Abe-lard, at D Eloise.
Puffendorf de Officiis Hominis & livis.
Wallers Works.
Fontenelle des Morts.
Famiani Stradae Prolusiones.
Anicii Manlii Opuscula sacra.
Grammatica Institu. Rudi.
Drydens Fables.
Steeles Miscellanies.
Miscellany Poems.
Mallets Works 3 Vol's.
Farquihars Works.
Shaftsburys Charactericstics.
Rapin on Aristotles Poesy.
Musae Anglicanae 2 Vol's.
King on the Heathen Gods.
Adventures of a Guinea 2 Vol's.
Manners, from the French.
Collection of Poems. 3 Vol's.
Massons Life of Horace.
The School of Woman.
Wesleys Poems.
A Lady's Religion.
Ovids Art of Love.
Whears Relectiones Hyemales.
Traps Relectiones poeticae 2 Vol's.
Compendium Historia universalis.
Menahenii Declamationes.
Blackwells Introduction to the Classics.
Present State of Polite Learning.
Zenophons Cyropedia in Greek.
Dodsleys Poems 4 Vol's.
Guide to London Trader.
Horus's Epitome of Hist. Rom.
Plurality of Words
Grotius De Veritate.
Ponds Kalender.
Memoirs de la Pompadour.
Favel of the Heavens. 2 Vol's.
Letters in Verse from an old Man to youth 2 Vol's.
Grecae Sententiae.
Browns Religio Medici.
Priors Poems 3 Vol's.
Laurentii Vallae de Lingua Latinae Elegantia.
Sherlocks Sermons 3 Vol's.
Peace of King William.
Dissertatio de Atheismo.
Watts's Horae Lyricae.
A Gentlemans Religion.
Lavie de Cristofle Colombo.
Epistolae Laii Plinii.
Ladies Drawing Room.
Franciscii Sancti Minerva.
Pomfrets Poems.
Eutropii Historiae Romanae.
Considerations sur le's lauses.
Les Avantures de Telamaque.
La Mechanique des Langues.
Clarks Essay on study.
Drydens Juvenal.
Cicero de Officiis.
Hist de Theadosa le Grand.
More's Utopia.
Nicols de Literis invertis.
Travels of Cyrus.
Cooks Plautus's Comedies.
Wilkies Epigoniad.
Trapps Virgil.
Free thoughts on Religion.
Wycherleys Plays.
Esops Fables Greek & Latin.
Shakespears Works 8 Vol's.
Plutarch's Lives 9 Vol's.
Gil Blas 4 Vol's.
Lettres Persanes 2 Vol's.
Devil upon Crutches 2 Vol's.
Theocriti Poetae Selectae.
Prayr Book in Short Hand.
Epicteti Enchiridion 2 Vol's.
Vosii Rhetoris Libri quinque.
Poems of Sophocles Greek & Latin.
Pincieri Enigmata.
Virgilii Opera.
Polydorus de Rerum invent:
The Medley & Whig Examiner
Dominici Bavidi Epistolae.
Bonefacii Carmina.
Antoni Mureti Epistolae et Carmina.
Testament politiqe de Richlieu.
Velerii Flacii Angonautica.
Stratagems of War.
Carmina Jounnis Bonefonii.
Traduction des Eegies D Ovide.
Famiani Stradae Decas.
Persius's Satires.
Eutropii Historiae Romanae.
Ovidii Opera 3 Vol's.
Salust Horace Hudibras.
Cicero Paterculi Historiae.
Erasmi Dialogus Ciceronianus.
Cornelius Nepos.
Plin et Caecil Panegyricus.
Castalio de Christo imitando.
Elegantiarum centum Regulae.
Erasmi Declamatio.
Annaei Senecae Tragaediae.
Account of the Death of the Persecutors.
Delitiae Poetarrum Gallorum 3 Vol's.
Corn: Tacit Annalium Libri.
Plauti Comediae.
Apologia Celesiae Anglicanae.
Monseigeneur le Marquis.
Tullii Ciceronis Epistolae.
Politiani Epistolae.
Censura Philosophia cartesiana.
Historia universalis.
Egidii Chronologia.
Atacrobius.
Blackmore's Prince Arthur.
Walkers Rhetoric.
Senecae Epistolae.
V. Paterculi Historia.
Heinsii Orationes.
Les Oevres de M. Scarron.
Quintus Curtius. Juvenal & Perseus.
Gardineri Epistolae.
Renotii Rapini Hortorum Libri.
Blackmore's Creation.
Riders British Merlin.
Millars Universal Register.
Gentlemans Kalendar 4 Vol's.
Barclaii Satiricon
Sleidani de quatuor summis Imp:
De Arte bene moriendi.
Boethii de Consolatione Philosophiae.
Medetationes Augustini.
De Sapientia Veterum.
Lucretii Claudiani Carminae.
Pia Desideria. (A Poem)
Cororna Virtutum.
Ausonius.
De conservanda Valetudine.
Hexameron Rustique.
Hobbs de Cive.
Crucii Mercurius.
Vossius de Studiorum Ratione.
Plautus's Comedies.
Terence's Comedies.
Erasmi Colloquia.
Lucani Pharsalia.
Phaedri Fabulae.
Ovids Metamorphosis 2 Vol's.
Justini Hist: Libri.
Castaings Interest Book.
Dowel on Heresy.
Morgans Book of Roads 2 Vol's.
Anacreontis et Saphonis Carmina.
Ovidii Opera.
Buchanani Poemata.
Le Berger Fidele.
Horace, Virgil., Lucian.
Grammatica Greca, a Stevenson.
Letters between Ninon & Evremond 2 Vol's.
Webb on Painting.
Almoran & Hamet 2 Vol's.
Crito 2 Vol's.
Francis's Horace 4 Vol's.
Oldhams Works 2 Vol's.
Jewish Spy 5 Vol's.
Turkish Spy 8 Vol's.
La belle Assemble 4 Vol's.
Letters from an old Man to a young Prince 3 Vol.
Molieres Works 7 Vol's.
Prince of Abyssinia 2 Vol's.
Devil turn'd Hermit. 2 Vol's.
Addisons Works 3 Vol's.
Spectator 8 Vol's.
Tatler 4 Vol's.
Guardian 4 Vol's.
Broomes Homer 5 Vol's.
Popes Iliad 6 Vol's.
Norris's Miscellanies.
Nelsons Laws of England.
Hales Descents.
Popes Odyssea 5 Vol's.
Delitiae Poetarum 2 Vol's.
Puffendorf de officio.
Janua Linguarum.
Whigs Supplication.
Cicero de officiis
Hoyles ——
Feltons Dissertations.
Petronii Satyricon:
Isocrates.
Fabulae variorum Auctorum.
French Spelling Dictionary.
Montaignes Essays.
Songe de Scipioni.
Poesies de Chaulieu.
Elements of Geometry.
Collins's Poems.
Martials Epigrams.
Rerum Scoticarum Libri.
L Maitre Italien.
Persees des Peres.
Ninii Epistolae.
Liste generale des Postes de France, neat in Copper-Plate.
Amusment of the Spa 2 Vol's.
The Actor.
Cockmans Tully.
King on the Heathen Gods.
Eloisa original Letters. 5 Vol's.
Hervey's Meditations 2 Vol's.
Mallets Works 3 Vol's.
Congreves Works 3 Vols.
Deism reveal'd 2 Vol's.
Dodds Beauties of Shakespear.
Collection of Poems 8 Vol's.
Rays Wisdom of God.
Vanbrughs Plays 2 Vol's.
Clark on Education.
Brachers Farriery 2 Vol's.
Trapps Virgil 3 Vol's.
Tom Jones 4 Vol's.
Connoiseur 4 Vol's.
Swifts Works 13 Vol's.
Prelectiones Poeticae 2 Vol's.
Guardian.
Newtons Ladies Phil: 2 Vol's.
Henry & Frances 4 Vol's.
Gay's Poems 2 Vol's.
School of Man.
Thompsons Works 4 Vol's.
Discourse on Toleration.
Letters from a Persian in England to his Friend at Home.
Shaftsburys Characteristics.
Impartial Philosopher 2 Vol's.
Paradise Lost.
Schikards Horologium Ebraium.
Trenchards Tracts 2 Vol's.
Reflections on Tar-Water.
Memoria-Tacknica.
English Grammar.
Juvenal French Translations
Observations on United Provinces.
Chronicon Carionis.
Latin Idioms.
Leonora 2 Vol's.
Cicero French Translation.
Hierionii Poemata 2 Vol's.
Janua trilinguis.
Intreciens sur les Sciences.
Tractatus, theologico Politicus.
De Obligatione Consientia.
Erasmus's Praise of Folly.
De Linguarum Artificio.
[Valentine Made by Fithian for Priscilla Carter]
To Miss Priscilla Carter.
Presented as a Valentine.
When Custom calls I must away,
She calls me now, & chides my Stay;
She asks my usual annual care,
To compliment some worthy Fair;
To hasten to Apollo's Shrine,
For Aid to form a Valentine.
But if Apollo I invoke,
Gay Fancy I shall sure provoke
Who swears these yearly Rhimes should be,
From Order, Sense, & Learning free;
That if each line be fill'd with Stuff,
Twill please a Lady well enough
That Fancy only can inspire
A Youthful Heart with frantic Fire,
To write such inconsistent Lines,
As always please in Valentines;
That if Apollo lends his Aid,
And I address a well-bred Maid;
With Verses plain yet fill'd with sense,
The Girl would curse my Impudence;
Pedantic, earth-born Fellow! he,
A hobbling Tutor write to me!
Let him go teach his Scholars Greek,
Or learn, himself, to dance, to speak;
And learn to please, or never dare,
Disturb the Quiet of the Fair.
She spoke; but why should I obey,
What unsubstantial Phantoms say?
Yet Fancy urg'd her case so well,
No human Mind could guess or tell,
What hidden Scheme she had in View,
Nor what the Baggage meant to do:
'Till Pallas Queen of wisdom came,
And told the mischief of the Dame,
For Fancy, Madam, early knew,
Twas my Desire to write to you;
She therefore whisper'd in my Ear,
That you would nought but Nonsense hear
In hopes to baffle my Design,
Or form a vulgar Valentine.
But Pallas told me what to do
If I design'd to write to you,
Make Humour, Truth, & Sense conspire,
With genuine poetic-Fire,
To form a Song in Taste & Ease,
Such would your Infant-Bosom please.
Now, Miss, accept in humble Lays,
My weak attempt to sing your Praise;
Nor think it rudeness when I try,
To hold your virtues up on high,
To shew their bright yet living Blaze
And make inraptured Numbers gaze;
Slander herself must disappear,
Or justify my Conduct here,
Since Fancy, Wit, & Pallas, too,
Are all contending, Miss, for you.
I in the common sportful Way,
With pleasure now of you might say,
That both your Eyes are glowing Darts,
Which only seen do wound our hearts;
That Venus' Son by her command
Waits always at your fair Right-Hand,
And that the Loves in Beauty drest,
Are always hov'ring near your Breast;
But, tho Such words appli'd to you,
In every sense should all be true;
And if you hear such pleasant Rhimes,
Sung in your Ear ten thousand Times:
Yet always doubt what makes you more,
Than ever Mortal was before.
When any Girl; with beauty drest,
And Innocence above the Rest,
Tho' Fortune has withheld her Store,
And left the blushing Maiden poor,
Yet Ladie's look with envious Eyes,
And well-born Men the Angel prize.
Or when the God of Wealth is kind,
Who does not worth nor Beauty mind,
And gives some sordid Woman Gold,
Our foolish Sex is bought & sold;
We cringe, & court, & sigh, & whine
And swear the Nymph is quite divine.
And sometimes, tho' Examples here,
Exceeding seldom do appear,
When a good Girl of solid sense,
Who does not make the least pretence,
To what our Fancies rate so high,
A great estate & sparkling Eye;
Who knows tis only want of these,
Makes her incapable to please,
And therefore Studies hard to find,
And plant such Virtues in her Mind
As shall the place of Friends supply
With constant mirthful Company:
Sometimes these Virtues far outdo,
The power of wealth & Beauty too,
And make a low-born Virgin rise,
To seem a Goddess in our Eyes.
But when we image in our Mind,
Beauty, & Wealth, & Genius join'd,
And see them all to one belong,
The Colours are so bright so strong;
None can resist the powerful Blaze
But all with Love, & Rapture gaze
If Madam, my Presage be true,
I may apply all these to you;
And free from Fear, or Interest say,
That on some happy Future Day,
When years shall have the worth exprest,
Which yet lies prison'd in your Breast;
And settled more the charming Grace,
Of grave good Humour in your Face;
As you have been by Fortune blest,
And born of Fame, & Wealth possest,
Those full-blown Charms the world will see,
And with one common voice agree,
That such perfection is design'd
To be a pattern for Mankind.
Sure then I've cause with Heart sincere,
To bless the Chance which led me here,
And plac'd me down by Wisdom's Flow'r,
Which still grows lovelier every Hour;
Whose tender Branches bud & shoot
And promise early useful Fruit;
Tho' Chance has given me in Care,
To Nurse this plant & make it fair,
Yet generous Nature had before,
Been so unsparing of her Store,
That unemploy'd, with wondering Eyes,
I only stand, & see it rise!
Philip. V Fithian.
| Westmorland-County | } |
| Virginia | } |
| February 2d: 1774. | } |
NOTES
INDEX
[1] Cf. Morton, Louis, Robert Carter of Nomini Hall: A Virginia Tobacco Planter of the Eighteenth Century, pp. 62-87.
[2] In the issue of the Virginia Gazette for May 24, 1751, Thomas Eldridge of Prince George County advertised the sale of his "Mannor Plantation" and three other plantations. Such references to manor plantations appeared frequently in the Gazette and in the wills of the period.
[3] Cf. Wright, Louis B., The First Gentlemen of Virginia, passim.
[4] William and Mary College Quarterly, Vol. VII, series 1, p. 43.
[5] Stanard, Mary Newton, Colonial Virginia, p. 271.
[6] Hornsby, Virginia Ruth, "Higher Education of Virginians," p. 10. Typed M.A. Thesis, Library of the College of William and Mary.
[7] William and Mary College Quarterly, Vol. XX, series 1, p. 437.
[8] Cf. Wright, First Gentlemen, passim.
[9] An Englishman visiting Virginia at the close of the eighteenth century stated, with reference to persons he met who had been educated abroad before the Revolution, that he "found men leading secluded lives in the woods of Virginia perfectly au fait as to the literary, dramatic, and personal gossip of London and Paris." Bernard, John, Retrospections of America, 1797-1811, p. 149.
[10] Stanard, Colonial Virginia, p. 290.
[11] Letter of Robert Beverley to Landon Carter, Blandfield, May 19, 1772, in possession of Mrs. William Harrison Wellford of Sabine Hall. Cf. "Extracts from Diary of Landon Carter in Richmond County, Virginia"; William and Mary College Quarterly, Vol. XIII, series 1, pp. 160-163.
[12] William and Mary College Quarterly, Vol. XIX, series 1, p. 145.
[13] Robert Andrews, a Pennsylvania youth educated at "the College of Phileda," served as a tutor at "Rosewell," the Page home in Gloucester County, for several years, and two young men from Princeton taught the Carter children at "Nomini Hall." Cf. letter of John Page, Jr., to John Norton. "Rosewell," September 18, 1772, in Mason, Frances Norton, John Norton & Sons, p. 271. See also page 160.
[14] A "falling garden" consisted of a series of very broad terraces, usually connected by ramps covered with turf, oyster shell or other surface material to prevent erosion. In some instances the successive levels were planted in elaborate patterns. In others the whole was covered with turf. The "falling garden" at "Sabine Hall" retains its eighteenth-century design intact.
[15] A ha-ha is a boundary to a garden, pleasure-ground, or park of such a nature as not to interrupt the view from the mansion and may not be seen until closely approached. According to a French etymologist, the name is derived from ha, an exclamation of surprise, uttered by one suddenly approaching such a boundary. The ha-ha consists of a trench, the inner side of which is perpendicular and faced with a wall; the outer being sloped and turfed. The ha-ha permitted grazing cattle and sheep to appear on the landscape, and at the same time held them at a distance from the mansion. In his diary, George Washington refers, on several occasions, to the ha-has on the grounds at "Mount Vernon." Cf. Fitzpatrick, John, The Diaries of George Washington, Vol. II, passim.
[16] At "Mount Vernon" the mansion and its wings together composed three sides of an open square, the main house and its wings closing the side opposite the open end. At "Stratford Hall" four dependent structures formed a square court, inside of which the great house stands. Two offices are set twenty-eight feet in advance of the main house on the land front. On the water front two others are placed in a similar relation to it. At "Shirley" the great house and four principal dependent buildings form a long rectangular court, the mansion closing the side facing the river.
[17] A Huguenot Exile in Virginia, ed. and tr. by Gilbert Chinard (New York, 1934), p. 142. In writing of Maryland early in the eighteenth century, Sir John Oldmixon said: "Both here [Maryland] and there [Virginia] the English live at large at their several Plantations, which hinders the Increase of Towns; indeed every Plantation, is a little Town of itself, and can subsist itself with Provisions and Necessaries, every considerable Planter's Warehouse being like a Shop...." Oldmixon, John, British Empire in America (second edition, 1741), Vol. I, p. 339. Cf. Kimball, Fiske, Domestic Architecture, passim.
[18] A historian who described the Virginia residences at the beginning of the eighteenth century stated that "All their Drudgeries of Cookery, Washing, Daries, &c. are perform'd in Offices detacht from the Dwelling-Houses, which by this means are kept more cool and Sweet." Cf. Beverley, Robert, The History and Present State of Virginia, Book IV, p. 53.
[19] The Tidewater plantation economy had spread into the Piedmont section prior to the American Revolution. A paroled British officer writing of his situation in Albemarle County in 1779, said: "The house that we reside in is situated upon an eminence, commanding a prospect of near thirty miles around it, and the face of the country appears an immense forest, interspersed with various plantations, four or five miles distant from each other; on these there is a dwelling-house in the center, with kitchens, smoke-house, and out-houses detached, and from the various buildings, each plantation has the appearance of a small village; at some little distance from the houses, are peach and apple orchards, &c. and scattered over the plantations are the negroes huts and tobacco-houses, which are large built of wood, for the cure of that article." Cf. Anburey, Thomas, Travels Through the Interior Parts of America, Vol. II, p. 187.
[20] A British observer reported in 1779 that "... before the war, the hospitality of the country was such, that travellers always stopt at a plantation when they wanted to refresh themselves and their horses, where they always met with the most courteous treatment, and were supplied with every thing gratuitously; and if any neighbouring planters heard of any gentleman being at one of these ordinaries, they would send a negroe with an invitation to their own house." Cf. Anburey, Travels Through the Interior Parts of America, Vol. II, p. 198. This same traveller described the hospitality shown the guests at one of the James River plantations. "I spent a few days at Colonel Randolph's, at Tuckahoe, at whose house the usual hospitality of the country prevailed," he wrote. "It is built on a rising ground, having a most beautiful and commanding prospect of James River; on one side is Tuckahoe, which being the Indian name of that creek, he named his plantation Tuckahoe after it; his house seems to be built solely to answer the purposes of hospitality, which being constructed in a different manner than in most other countries; I shall describe it to you: It is in the form of an H, and has the appearance of two houses, joined by a large saloon; each wing has two stories, and four large rooms on a floor; in one the family reside, and the other is reserved solely for visitors: the saloon that unites them, is of a considerable magnitude, and on each side are doors; the ceiling is lofty, and to these they principally retire in the Summer, being but little incommoded by the sun, and by the doors of each of the houses, and those of the saloon being open, there is a constant circulation of air; they are furnished with four sophas, two on each side, besides chairs, and in the center there is generally a chandelier; these saloons answer the two purposes of a cool retreat from the scorching and sultry heat of the climate, and of an occasional ball-room. The outhouses are detached at some distance, that the house may be open to the air on all sides." Ibid., p. 208.
CHAPTER II
[21] Cf. Wright, Louis B., Letters of Robert Carter, 1720-1727 (San Marino, 1940), p. viii.
[22] Cf. Jones, E. Alfred, American Members of the Inns of Court, p. 41.
[23] Sisters of Anne Bladen Tasker and Thomas Bladen had married Daniel Dulany, Samuel Ogle, and Christopher Lowndes, all men of important political and financial connections in their world.
[24] Four of the seventeen Carter children were born after Fithian had left the family.
[25] Some extracts from the Journal were published in the American Historical Review of January, 1900.
[26] Cf. Philip Fithian's Journal, edited by John Rogers Williams, p. xiv.
JOURNALS AND LETTERS
[27] Philip Vickers Fithian had left his home at Cohansie, New Jersey, in 1770, at the age of twenty-three, to enter the College of New Jersey at Princeton. Nassau Hall was the principal structure of the college, and the institution was often familiarly referred to by that name. Fithian was graduated there in September 1772. His parents had both died suddenly during the previous February. Andrew Hunter, Jr., of Cohansie, who wrote this letter, was the nephew of the Reverend Andrew Hunter, Sr., of Greenwich, New Jersey, under whom Philip was at this time studying Hebrew in connection with his preparation for the ministry.
[28] Dr. John Witherspoon (1723-1794), a Scottish Presbyterian clergyman, served as president of the College of New Jersey at Princeton intermittently from 1768 until his death in 1794. A staunch Calvinist, Witherspoon exerted a strong influence on American educational, religious, and political development. Owing largely to the labors of his former students, a number of whom went as clergymen and tutors to the Southern colonies, his influence was very extensive in that region.
[29] John Debow, Oliver Reese, Samuel McCorkle and Moses Allen, and Andrew Bryan. With the exception of Andrew Bryan of Baltimore who was admitted to the bar, all of these young men were licensed as Presbyterian ministers.
[30] Elizabeth Beatty, Fithian's "Laura," frequently visited in the home of her brother, Dr. John Beatty, who lived at Princeton. Fithian had known Elizabeth earlier in the home of her sister, the wife of the Reverend Enoch Green, a Presbyterian minister of Deerfield, New Jersey, under whom he had prepared for college. Cf. Williams, John, ed., The Journals and Letters of Philip Vickers Fithian, 1767-1774, p. 55, fn. 3.
[31] The Reverend Enoch Green.
[32] Mrs. Peck was the mother of Fithian's friend, John Peck of Deerfield. The two boys had studied together under the Reverend Enoch Green, and had later been classmates at Princeton. John Peck succeeded Fithian as tutor of the Carter children at Nomini Hall in 1774, and later married Anne Tasker or "Nancy" Carter, and settled in Richmond County, Virginia.
[33] The Reverend Andrew Hunter.
[34] The American Whig Society and the Cliosophic Society were rival literary organizations at the College of New Jersey at Princeton.
[35] William R. Smith, who was one of Fithian's classmates, was afterwards ordained as a Presbyterian minister. Cf. Williams, ed., Fithian, p. 34, fn. 2.
[36] Fithian was studying theology in Deerfield under the supervision of the Reverend Enoch Green, at the same time he was being taught Hebrew by Andrew Hunter, Sr., in nearby Greenwich.
[37] William Eugene Imlay was graduated at Princeton in 1773. Cf. Williams, ed., Fithian, p. 41.
[38] Probably Samuel Fithian, the brother of Philip's father. Philip refers to him as "Uncle Fithian" on other occasions.
[39] Henry Lee (1729-1787) of "Leesylvania," in Prince William County, Virginia (known later as "Light Horse Harry" Lee) was a student at Princeton at this time. He was a brother of "Squire" Richard Lee of "Lee Hall" in Westmoreland County. Henry Lee later became the father of Robert E. Lee.
[40] Dr. John Beatty had been graduated at the College of New Jersey in 1769. Cf. Williams, ed., Fithian, p. 90, fn. 1.
[41] John McCalla, Jr., was a friend of Fithian who lived in Philadelphia.
[42] Joel Fithian was the cousin of Philip Fithian, who married Elizabeth Beatty Fithian after the latter's death. Cf. Williams, ed., Fithian, p. xv.
[43] Patapsco River.
[44] Bladensburg, Maryland.
[45] Georgetown, then a small town in Maryland, was later incorporated in the District of Columbia.
[46] Alexandria, Virginia.
[47] Colchester was a thriving shipping center on the Occoquan River, now called Occoquan Creek, in Fairfax County, Virginia, near where this creek empties into the Potomac. The town had been incorporated by an act of the Assembly in 1753 to promote "trade and navigation."
[48] Dumfries, a town on Quantico Creek, had been settled by a group of Scotch merchants, who traded in the colony. Quantico Creek empties into the Potomac. Dumfries had been incorporated by Act of Assembly in 1749. The town had prospered owing to its advantageous position as a center of trade in the western section of the Northern Neck.
[49] Aquia had originated as a Catholic settlement on Aquia Creek about the middle of the eighteenth century. A short distance from the town were located the celebrated Aquia stone quarries which had been opened as early as 1683.
[50] Stafford Court House, the seat of government of Stafford County.
[51] Thomas Ludwell Lee (1730-1778) of "Bellevue" in Stafford County was the fourth son of Thomas Lee of "Stratford" in Westmoreland County, who had served as president of the Council of Virginia.
[52] The Chilton family owned plantations in Westmoreland and Fauquier Counties. Cf. William and Mary College Quarterly, second series, Vol. 10 (January 1930), pp. 56-63.
[53] Benjamin Tasker Carter.
[54] The Fauntleroy family owned extensive holdings and occupied a high social position in Richmond County and other sections of the Tidewater. "Mars Hill" and "Crandall" were two seats of the family on the Rappahannock River in Richmond County, and in the vicinity of the modern towns of Warsaw and Tappahannock. A third manor plantation of the Fauntleroys' was "The Cliffs," also on the Rappahannock, some miles north of the other two. The name of the family was pronounced variously as "Fantleroy," "Fantilroy" and "Fauntleroy." Aphia, Samuel and Henry or "Harry" Fauntleroy were the daughter and sons of Moore Fauntleroy (1716-1791) of "The Cliffs." Information supplied by Miss Juliet Fauntleroy of Altavista, Virginia.
[55] Francis Christian held his dancing classes in rotation in a number of the manor houses of the Northern Neck at this period. After the pupils had been instructed an informal dance was usually enjoyed on such occasions.
[56] Nomini Church, one of the two Anglican houses of worship in Cople Parish, stood on the bank of the Nomini River some five miles from Carter's home.
[57] Isaac William Giberne, an English clergyman, thought to have been a nephew of the Bishop of Durham, was licensed to preach in Virginia in 1758. The following year he had arrived in the colony and was serving as the minister in Hanover Parish in King George County. Possessing a high tempered and somewhat contentious nature, Giberne was involved in numerous sharp controversies. An exceptionally sociable and convivial man, he spent much of his time in visiting and gambling and tippling. Admitted by his enemies at that time to be the most popular and admired preacher in the colony, he had been invited shortly after his arrival in Virginia to preach a sermon before the Burgesses. This sermon was later printed at their request. In 1760 Giberne married a wealthy widow, Mary Fauntleroy Beale of Richmond County, a daughter of Moore Fauntleroy of "Crandall." She had previously been the wife of Charles Beale. Removing to her plantation, "Belle Ville," he was two years later chosen as minister of Lunenburg Parish, and served in that capacity until 1795. He is mentioned in numerous diaries and letters of the period. Cf. Goodwin, Edward Lewis, The Colonial Church in Virginia, pp. 271-272; Jonathan Boucher, Reminiscences of an American Loyalist, passim; letter of Miss Juliet Fauntleroy of November 21, 1941 in Department of Research and Record, Colonial Williamsburg, Inc.
[58] Benjamin Tasker.
[59] Robert Bladen or "Bob."
[60] Henry or "Harry" Willis.
[61] Priscilla.
[62] Ann Tasker or "Nancy."
[63] Frances or "Fanny."
[64] Betty Landon.
[65] Harriot Lucy.
[66] Benedict Pictete had first published his Teologia Christiana in 1696.
[67] Priscilla, "Nancy," and "Bob." This school was conducted in rotation at a number of manor plantations of the region by Francis Christian, a dancing master.
[68] The banks of the Potomac River could be seen in the distance from the upper floor of "Nomini Hall."
[69] Yeocomico Church, one of the two Anglican churches in Cople Parish in Westmoreland County. Built in 1706, this structure still stands.
[70] Thomas Smith was the rector of Yeocomico Church at this period. Smith was a man of large means. He had been sent as a youth to be educated in the mother country. He first attended a school at Wakefield in Yorkshire and later entered Cambridge University, where he was graduated in 1763. His son, John Augustine Smith, later became president of the College of William and Mary.
[71] Captain Walker was a friend of Robert Carter and often visited "Nomini Hall." Fithian frequently dined at Walker's home.
[72] Stadley was a German music master who visited "Nomini Hall" regularly at this period to instruct the Carter children. He also taught in a number of other homes in the Northern Neck. Before coming to Virginia, Stadley had taught music in New York and Philadelphia. In one of Carter's account books the musician's name is entered as "Strader." Cf. Waste-Book, No. 2, September 27, 1773 to December 31, 1773, p. 45.
[73] Carter was doubtless returning from attendance as a member of the General Court at this time.
[74] Fithian was preparing for his examination before the Presbytery at Philadelphia at this time.
[75] "Hickory Hill," the manor house of John Turberville (1737-1799) was about a mile distant from "Nomini Hall." Turberville had married his first cousin, Martha Corbin. One of their ten children, Letitia Corbin Turberville, later became the wife of Major Catesby Jones. Their youngest son, George Richard Turberville, married his first cousin, Martha Corbin, only daughter of Gawin Corbin of "Peckatone." Their eldest son, George Lee Turberville, married Betty Tayloe Corbin. The Turbervilles were connected with the Lees of Westmoreland County in a number of ways and possessed large landed properties.
[76] Jane or "Jenny" Corbin was a sister of Mrs. John Turberville of "Hickory Hill."
[77] Cunningham was one of a number of young Scotch merchants who had settled in the Northern Neck. He was apparently a member of a firm referred to in the account books of Robert Carter of "Nomini Hall" as "Messrs. Fisher and Cunningham."
[78] See fn. 51.
[79] Lancelot Lee was the son of George Lee of "Mount Pleasant" in Westmoreland County who had died in 1761. Lancelot's brother, George Fairfax Lee, had inherited their father's manor plantation. Lancelot and George Fairfax Lee were cousins of the Lees at "Stratford," "Lee Hall," and at "Chantilly."
[80] "Nomini Hall" was some ten miles distant from the seat of government in Westmoreland County, which is situated in the present town of Montross.
[81] Richmond Court House, the seat of government in Richmond County, now called Warsaw, is some ten or twelve miles distant from "Nomini Hall." There were a number of enthusiastic turfmen in Richmond County during the eighteenth century.
[82] Colonel John Tayloe (1721-1779) was one of the wealthiest men in the Northern Neck. His manor house, "Mount Airy," was located near Richmond Court House, and overlooked the Rappahannock River, some two miles in the distance. Tayloe was a noted fancier of fine horses.
[83] Dr. William Flood lived at "Kinsail," a plantation in Westmoreland County. He frequently combined the pleasures of horse racing with the practice of his profession. Cf. Blanton, Wyndham B., Medicine in Virginia in the Eighteenth Century (Richmond, 1931), p. 379.
[84] Since it was often difficult to secure a sufficient number of clergymen for the parishes in Virginia, young English schoolmasters and tutors were frequently induced to return to the mother country and take orders so that they might fill such vacancies.
[85] Robert Carter's account books reveal that he sometimes had business transactions with one George C. Gordon of Westmoreland County.
[86] See catalogue of Robert Carter's library in Appendix, pp. 221-229.
[87] Hobb's Hole, the present town of Tappahannock, is situated on the Rappahannock River in Essex County. The town was a lively center of trade and shipping at this period.
[88] John Warden was a young Scotsman. While a student in Edinburgh, Warden had been engaged by Dr. Walter Jones of Virginia to serve as a tutor in the family of his brother, Colonel Thomas Jones of Northumberland County. In the Jones home Warden had enjoyed exceptional advantages and he appears to have read law after coming to the colony. He later became a distinguished member of the Virginia bar.
[89] Both Richard Lee (1726-1795), commonly called "Squire" Lee, and his cousin, Richard Henry Lee (1732-1794), who was known as "Colonel" Lee, lived on estates on the Potomac River in Westmoreland County. "Squire" Richard Lee's manor plantation was called "Lee Hall." The home of Colonel Richard Henry Lee was known as "Chantilly." A second Richard Lee, also known as "Squire Lee," and a cousin of the above mentioned persons, lived on the Potomac in Charles County, Maryland.
[90] This schooner had been named for Carter's daughter, Harriot Lucy.
[91] Carter described the harmonica as "the musical glasses without water, framed into a complete instrument, capable of through bass and never out of tune." Quoted in Williams, ed., Fithian, p. 59, fn. 1.
[92] The Yeocomico River.
[93] Yeocomico Church.
[94] Grigg, the captain of an English vessel, often mingled with the plantation families of the Northern Neck when he was in the colony.
[95] Letitia Corbin Turberville.
[96] William Booth, who was a planter of considerable means in Westmoreland County at this time, was probably the father of this youth.
[97] "County-dances" were English dances of rural or native origin, especially those in which an indefinite number of couples stood face to face in two long lines. Country dances had been popular on greens and at fairs in England long before they were introduced into polite society. When the country dance was imported into France the name became contre-dance, and it has been erroneously assumed that "country-dance" is a corruption of the French term.
[98] Goodlet was apparently a tutor in the Fauntleroy family of "The Cliffs."
[99] Philip Ludwell Lee (1727-1775) was the eldest son of Thomas Lee, who had served as president of the Council. He had inherited his father's manor plantation, "Stratford," on the Potomac River in Westmoreland County. Like Robert Carter, Philip Ludwell Lee was now a member of the Council.
[100] Probably Elizabeth Lee, daughter of John Lee of Essex County, a nephew of Thomas Lee of "Stratford."
[101] Matilda Lee was the daughter of Philip Ludwell Lee of "Stratford." She later married "Light Horse Harry" Lee.
[102] One Joseph Lane was a prominent planter in Westmoreland County at this time.
[103] This song occurs in an opera, Artaxerxes, by Thomas Augustine Arne, which was first performed in London in 1762. The libretto of Arne was an adaptation of an Italian drama, Artaserse, by Metastasio (Pietro Antonia Domenico Bonaventura). Metastasio was born in 1698 and died in 1782.
[104] Dr. Walter Jones of "Hayfield" in Lancaster County, was known as "the luminary of the Northern Neck." He was the son of Colonel Thomas Jones, a planter-businessman of Williamsburg and Hanover County. His mother, Elizabeth Cocke, was a niece of Mark Catesby, the well-known English naturalist. Dr. Jones had been educated at the College of William and Mary and he studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh. At the former institution he became a fast friend of Thomas Jefferson and of Bathurst Skelton, whose widow Jefferson later married. Jones achieved distinction both in the field of medicine and in politics. In 1777 he was appointed physician-general of the Middle Department, but declined the office, which was later filled by Dr. Benjamin Rush of Philadelphia. Jones was made a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1774. He served as a member of Congress for a number of years. Dr. Jones' wife was Alice Flood, the daughter of William Flood, the well-known physician and turfman of Richmond County.
[105] The custom of firing powder during the Christmas season is one that persists in the South today in various forms.
[106] John Lowe (1750-1798), a Scotsman, was the tutor of the children of Colonel John Augustine Washington, a brother of George Washington, at this period. John Augustine Washington's manor plantation, "Bushfield," was located on the Potomac River in Westmoreland County, a short distance from "Nomini Hall" and "Hickory Hill." Lowe was the author of a number of ballads which are still popular in Scotland today. After serving for some time as a tutor and conducting an academy at Fredericksburg, he was ordained an Anglican clergyman, and appears to have served as minister in both St. George's and Hanover Parishes. An unhappy marriage is believed to have led to a dissipation which resulted in his early death. Cf. Meade, Old Churches, Ministers and Families of Virginia, Vol. II, p. 185; Virginia Magazine of History, Vol. 29 (January 1921), pp. 102-105.
[107] Dr. Henry Francks of Westmoreland County.
[108] Dr. Moore Fauntleroy (1743-1802) was the son of William Fauntleroy of Naylor's Hole in Richmond County. Fauntleroy, who had studied medicine in Aberdeen and Edinburgh, practiced in Essex County after his return to Virginia in 1770.
[109] Richard Lee of "Lee Hall."
[110] The account books of Robert Carter show that William Taylor was at this period overseer of three of Carter's plantations or "quarters," called Dicks, Morgans and Rutters.
[111] Thomas Thompson was a well known physician of Westmoreland County. Robert Carter retained the services of Thompson for the blacks on his plantations for a number of years.
[112] Probably James Balendine of the firm referred to in the Carter account books as "Messrs. James Balendine & Co."
[113] "Dotterell" was an English blooded horse that had been bred by Sir John Pennington. He was regarded as the swiftest in that country with the exception of one, called "Eclipse." Dotterell had been imported into the colony in 1766 by Philip Ludwell Lee of "Stratford" in Westmoreland County.
[114] Miss Sarah Stanhope was the housekeeper at "Nomini Hall."
[115] Colonel Henry Lee of "Leesylvania."
[116] Apparently George Fairfax Lee of "Mount Pleasant."
[117] Parson Giberne was not so fortunate in escaping criticism on other occasions. Fithian, himself, notes his gambling several times, and the Reverend Jonathan Boucher, Landon Carter and Robert Wormeley Carter all comment upon it in their journals.
[118] See this valentine in Appendix, pp. 230-233.
[119] Francis Lightfoot Lee (1734-1797) of "Menokin" in Richmond County was the fourth son of President Thomas Lee of "Stratford." His wife was Rebecca Tayloe, a daughter of Colonel John Tayloe of "Mount Airy." Lee served as a member of the House of Burgesses from Loudoun County and later from Richmond County.
[120] Frances Ann Tasker Carter died in 1787 and was buried in the family graveyard at "Nomini Hall." Her husband, who died seventeen years later, was buried in Baltimore.
[121] Samuel Griffin Fauntleroy (1759-1826) was the son of Moore Fauntleroy of "The Cliffs" in Richmond County.
[122] Leedstown was a thriving center of trade and shipping. It had been incorporated in 1742.
[123] John Murray, Earl of Dunmore, served as Governor of the colony from 1771 to 1775. Lady Dunmore did not arrive in Virginia to join him until the latter part of February of 1774.
[124] The Virginia Gazette was founded by William Parks at Williamsburg in 1736. This journal continued to issue until 1778. In 1766 a rival sheet bearing the same name was established and was published in Williamsburg until 1776. In 1775 a third Virginia Gazette had been established which continued to issue until 1780.
[125] John Bracken served as minister of Bruton Parish Church at Williamsburg from 1773 to 1818. He also served for a period as master of the grammar school at the College of William and Mary, and for two years as president of the college. At this time Bracken had just incurred the bitter enmity of Samuel Henley, professor of divinity and moral philosophy at the college, who had hoped to secure the appointment given his rival. The two men aired their grievances in a long and acrimonious controversy carried on in the columns of the Virginia Gazette. Henley, a Tory, left the colony for England in 1775 and never returned. He later became principal of the East India College at Hertford.
[126] At "Bushfield" on the Potomac River.
[127] James Gregory was employed at various seasons to assist and instruct the colored gardeners at "Nomini Hall."
[128] Probably Colonel John Tayloe of "Mount Airy."
[129] Joseph F. Lane of Loudoun County, Virginia.
[130] Phillis Wheatley had been brought from Africa to Boston as a slave in 1761. Educated by the daughters of her owner, John Wheatley, Phillis manifested remarkable acquisitive powers and soon attracted attention by the excellent character of her verse. Her first bound volume, Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral, was published in 1773.
[131] James Waddell (1739-1805) was an outstanding Presbyterian minister in the colony. His gentle manner and forceful sermons did much to advance the cause of his church. At this period he was the pastor of a congregation in the Northern Neck, composed of families of Northumberland and Lancaster Counties. He later exerted a strong influence in the Shenandoah Valley and Piedmont sections. After 1787 he was blind for a number of years and was later celebrated as "The Blind Preacher" in William Wirt's The Letters of the British Spy.
[132] An American juniper or "red cedar."
[133] William Felton (1713-1769), an English clergyman, was well known in the eighteenth century as a composer, and performer on the harpsichord and organ. "Felton's Gavot," which was long highly popular, had been introduced into Legrenzio Vincenzo Ciampi's opera "Bertoldo in Corte" in 1762. The music was written for the gavot, a lively dance of French peasant origin, in which the feet were raised in the step instead of being slidden.
[134] Oliver Reese.
[135] Middleton.
[136] Mundy's Point is located on the Yeocomico River near the mouth of that stream.
[137] Colonel John Tayloe of "Mount Airy."
[138] Mrs. John Tayloe of "Mount Airy" was the former Rebecca Plater, daughter of Governor George Plater of Maryland.
[139] Mrs. Tayloe.
[140] This manor plantation has remained in the possession of Carter's descendants to the present time. The original manor house was destroyed by fire in 1850. A wooden structure erected shortly after that time still stands. Carter's daughter, Harriot Lucy, married a well-known lawyer, John James Maund. A daughter of Harriot Lucy and John James Maund became the wife of Dr. John Arnest. "Nomini Hall" is today the residence of Dr. Arnest's grandson, Mr. T. M. Arnest, who is the great-great-grandson of Councillor Robert Carter. The only known representation of the original manor house is a crude water-color sketch done by an amateur artist "E. Maund," a relative, who visited the family and made the sketch shortly before the house burned in 1850. One obtains a clearer understanding of the imposing character of this manor house from Fithian's comments regarding it. This is especially true of his observation made when spending an evening once at "Mount Airy," the "elegant seat" of Colonel John Tayloe in Richmond County. "The House," he said, referring to "Mount Airy," "is about the size of Mr. Carter's...."
[141] A merchant mill was a mill in which flour was manufactured and packed for sale. The owner of such a mill customarily purchased wheat for manufacture. In Virginia it was a common practice for the owner of the mill to pay for the wheat in flour. A mill used exclusively for grinding grain for local consumption was called a grist or custom mill. A portion of the grist was usually allowed the owner for his services.
[142] The Heale family was a well-known one in Lancaster County where they lived on "Peach Hill" and other manor plantations. The name was apparently pronounced Hale all through the eighteenth century. Priscilla Heale was the daughter of George Heale of Lancaster County. Heale had served as a Burgess from that county.
[143] Dr. George Steptoe of "Windsor" in Westmoreland County had been graduated in medicine at Edinburgh in 1767.
[144] Miss Sally Panton.
[145] Lowe was apparently not licensed as a Presbyterian minister at this time for he shortly afterwards appears as an Anglican clergyman in St. George's and Hanover Parishes in Virginia.
[146] Thomas Willing (1731-1821) was associated with Robert Morris in the house of Willing and Morris. He was later president of the Bank of North America and the Bank of the United States.
[147] Mrs. Charlotte Belson Thornton was the widow of Colonel Presley Thornton (1722-1769) of Northumberland County. Mrs. Thornton had been born in England and she returned to the mother country with her children just prior to the outbreak of the Revolution. Her three sons served in the British forces during the War. At the conclusion of hostilities two of them, Presley and John Tayloe Thornton, returned to Virginia.
[148] Perhaps a member of the Corbin family. Elizabeth Tayloe, sister of Colonel John Tayloe, had married Richard Corbin of "Laneville," in King and Queen County.
[149] Dr. John Morgan was one of the founders and most eminent professors of the medical school at Philadelphia which is now a part of the University of Pennsylvania. Morgan later served as director-general of hospitals and physician-in-chief of the American army from 1775-1777.
[150] Samuel Leake, Jr., of Cohansie, New Jersey, was at this time a student at Princeton. Leake apparently did not accept the position in Mrs. Thornton's home.
[151] Mattox Bridge was some eighteen miles from Westmoreland Court House, and twenty-eight from "Nomini Hall."
[152] Round Hill Church was the "upper church of Washington Parish" and stood at the site of what is now the town of Tetotum.
[153] Tyler's Ferry in Westmoreland County, Virginia, was opposite Cedar Point on the Maryland side of the Potomac River.
[154] Port Tobacco, Maryland.
[155] Piscataway, Maryland.
[156] Upper Marlborough, Maryland.
[157] The Digges family was a well known one in both Maryland and Virginia.
[158] Marlborough, Maryland.
[159] Alexandria, Virginia.
[160] Patuxent River.
[161] Rock Hall, Maryland.
[162] Chestertown, Maryland.
[163] Wall gave a lecture on electricity in Williamsburg, Virginia, the following year. He is doubtless identical with the comedian and "Mental Physician," Dr. Llewellyn Lechmere Wall, who was described as "of Orange County," North Carolina in 1797. He appeared in numerous comedies in Newbern that year. Cf. Virginia Gazette (Pinckney, ed.), January 5, 1775; original playbill in Department of Research, Colonial Williamsburg, Inc., Williamsburg, Virginia.
[164] Frederick, Maryland.
[165] Stockton.
[166] Port Penn, Delaware.
[167] Warwick, Maryland.
[168] A brother of Elizabeth Beatty.
[169] James Lyon, a graduate of the College of New Jersey, had compiled and published a large collection of church music, Urania, or a choice collection of Psalm-Tunes, Anthems and Hymns.
[170] Colonel John Tayloe.
[171] "All-fours," derived its name from the four chances involved, for each of which a point was scored. The game was later renamed "seven-up."
[172] A brother of Elizabeth Beatty.
[173] Israel Evans had been graduated at Princeton in 1772, and had afterwards studied theology under Dr. Witherspoon there.
[174] Middleton, Delaware.
[175] New Town, Maryland.
[176] Stephen Reeve was a Philadelphia silversmith.
[177] Tyler's Ferry.
[178] See this catalogue of Carter's library in Appendix, pp. 221-229.
[179] Mrs. Tayloe.
[180] John Dunlap had established the Pennsylvania Packet in 1771.
[181] Colonel Richard Henry Lee of "Chantilly."
[182] This Betsey Lee was perhaps Elizabeth, the daughter of John Lee of Essex County, a nephew of President Thomas Lee.
[183] This Elizabeth Lee was the daughter of the late George Lee of "Mount Pleasant" and his first wife Judith Wormeley of "Rosegill" in Middlesex County. She died unmarried.
[184] A trill, or rapid reiteration of two notes comprehending an interval not greater than one whole tone, nor less than a semitone.
[185] James Marshall, Fithian's predecessor as tutor of the Carter children, had formerly been an usher at the College of William and Mary. Marshall had inherited a plantation in Orange County. The Virginia Gazette of April 18, 1773 had announced the death of Marshall, at "Nomini Hall" and had corrected the error in its next issue.
[186] The Gaskins family lived in Northumberland County. Elizabeth Gaskins, daughter of Colonel Thomas Gaskins of that County married Edward Digges of "Bellfield" in York County in 1775.
[187] The Taliaferro family was a prominent one in Tidewater Virginia. While the name is pronounced "Tolliver," it is believed to be of Italian origin.
[188] Richard Parker (1729-1813) of "Lawfield" was a distinguished lawyer in Westmoreland County at this time.
[189] Colonel John Tayloe.
[190] The Beales were a prominent family in Richmond and Westmoreland counties. Several members of this family had intermarried with the Carters. Robert Carter's uncle, Landon Carter of "Sabine Hall," had taken Elizabeth Beale as his third wife in 1746. Landon's son, Robert Wormeley Carter, married Winifred Beale, and Robert Wormeley's sister, Judith, married Reuben Beale.
[191] Colonel John Tayloe.
[192] Archibald Ritchie was a prominent merchant of Hobb's Hole.
[193] The Edmundsons were a prominent family in Essex County. Thomas Edmundson, whose will was proved in 1759, had a daughter named Dorothy Edmundson.
[194] The Brockenbrough family had been a well-known one in Richmond County since the beginning of the eighteenth century. William Brockenbrough (1715-c.1778) had married Elizabeth Fauntleroy, whose sister Mary was the wife of Parson Giberne.
[195] Richard Henry Lee of "Chantilly."
[196] Richmond County.
[197] Richard Buckner (1730-1792) of "Albany" in Westmoreland County was a planter who sometimes had business dealings with Robert Carter. Members of the Buckner family had been prominent planter-merchants in Tidewater Virginia since John Buckner had emigrated from England and settled in Gloucester County shortly after the middle of the seventeenth century. John Buckner had imported the first printing press into the colony.
[198] John Duffield was graduated at Princeton in 1773. He served as a tutor there during the next two years.
[199] Dr. William Shippen (1736-1806) was a distinguished physician of Philadelphia. He was at this time professor of surgery and anatomy at the medical school of the College of Philadelphia. Shippen had married Alice Lee, a sister of Richard Henry, Arthur, Frances Lightfoot, and William Lee.
[200] Thomas Sorrel owned a plantation near "Nomini Hall" in Westmoreland County.
[201] Gawin Corbin of "Yew Spring" in Caroline County.
[202] Apparently Randolph Carter's clerk.
[203] There were frequent references in the Virginia Gazette during the previous year to the arrival in Williamsburg of "Dr. Graham, the celebrated oculist and aurist, at Philadelphia."
[204] Probably Benjamin Harrison of "Berkeley" in Charles City County, who attended the Congress in Philadelphia in 1774.
[205] In 1771 William Rigmaiden was the master of a free school in Richmond County that was supported by Landon Carter. William and Mary College Quarterly, Vol. XIII, series 1, p. 158.
[206] Colonel John Tayloe.
[207] "Chantilly."
[208] Kent Islands, Maryland.
[209] Queenstown, Queen Anne County, Maryland.