Mexican Copper Tools: The Use of Copper by the Mexicans Before the Conquest; and the Katunes of Maya History, a Chapter in the Early History of Central America, With Special Reference to the Pio Perez Manuscript.

by Philipp J. J. Valentini

THE MAYA MANUSCRIPT.

Maya.	Translation.
Lai u tzolan Katun lukci ti cab ti yotoch Nonoual cante anilo Tutul Xiu ti chikin Zuiua; u luumil u talelob Tulapan chiconahthan.	This is the series of “Katunes” that elapsed from the time of their departure from the land and house of Nonoual, in which were the four Tutul Xiu, lying to the west of Zuina, going out of the country of Tulapan.
§1. Cante bin ti Katun lic u ximbalob ca uliob uaye yetel Holon Chantepeuh yetel u cuchulob: ca hokiob ti petene uaxac Ahau bin yan cuchi, uac Ahau, can Ahau cabil Ahau, cankal haab catac hunppel haab; tumen hun piztun oxlahun Ahau cuchie ca uliob uay ti petene caukal haab catac hunppel haab tu pakteil yetel cu ximbalob lukci tu luumilob ca talob uay ti petene Chacnouitan lae, u añoil lae 81.	§1. Four epochs were spent in travelling, before they arrived here with Holonchantepeuh and his followers. When they began their journey toward this island, it was the 8th Ahau, and the 6th, 4th and 2d were spent in travelling; because in the year of the 13th Ahau they arrived at this island, making together eighty-one years they were travelling, between their departure from their country and their arrival at this island of Chacnouitan.
81 años.	Years 81.
§ 2. Vaxac Ahau, uac Ahau, cabil Ajau kuchci Chacnouitan Ahmekat Tutul Xiu hunppel haab minan ti hokal haab cuchi yanob Chacnouitan lae: lai u habil lae.	§ 2. The 8th Ahau, the 6th Ahau; in the 2d Ahau arrived Ajmekat Tutul Xiu, and ninety-nine years they remained in Chacnouitan.
99 años.	Years 99.
§ 3. Laitun uchci u chicpahal tzucubte Ziyan-caan lae Bakhalal, can Ahau, cabil Ahau, oxlahun Ahau oxkal haab cu tepalob Ziyan-caan ca emob uay lac: lai u haabil cu tepalob Bakhalal chuulte laitun chicpahci Chichen Itza lae.	§ 3. In this time also took place the discovery of the province of Ziyan-caan or Bacalar, the 4th Ahau and 2d Ahau, or sixty years, they had ruled in Ziyan-caan when they came here. During these years of their government of the province of Bacalar occurred the discovery of Chichen-Itza.
60 años.	Years 60.
§ 4. Buluc Ahau, bolon Ahau, uuc Ahau, ho Ahau ox Ahau, hun Ahau uac kal haab cu tepalob Chichen Itza ca paxi Chichen Itza, ca binob cahtal Champutun ti yanhi u yotochob ah Ytzoab kuyen uincob lae.	§ 4. The 11th Ahau, the 9th, 7th, 5th, 3d and 1st Ahau, or 120 years, they ruled in Chichen-Itza, when it was destroyed, and they emigrated to Champoton, where the Itzaes holy men, had houses.
120 años.	Years 120.
§ 5. Vac Ahau, chucuc u luumil Chanputun, can Ahau, cabil Ahau, oxlahun Ahau, buluc Ahau, bolon Ahau, uuc Ahau, ho Ahau, ox Ahau, hun Ahau, lahca Ahau, lahun Ajau, uaxac Ahau, paxci Chanputun, oxlahun kaal haab cu tepalob Chanputun tumenel Ytza uincob ca talob u tzaclé u yotochob tu caten, laix tun u katunil binciob ah Ytzaob yalan che yalan aban yalan ak ti numyaob lae; lai u habil cuchinbal lae.	§ 5. The 6th Ahau they took possession of the territory of Champoton; the 4th Ahau, 2d, 13th, 11th, 9th, 7th, 5th, 3d, 1st, 12th, 10th and 8th, Champoton was destroyed or abandoned. Two hundred and sixty years the Itzaes reigned in Champoton, when they returned in search of their homes, and they lived for several katunes under the uninhabited mountains.
260 años.	Years 260.
§ 6. Vac Ahau, can Ahau, ca kal haabcatalob u heↄob yotoch tu caten ca tu zatahob Chakanputun: lay u habil lae.	§ 6. The 6th Ahau, 4th Ahau, after 40 years, they returned to their homes once more and Champoton was lost to them.
40 años.	Years 40.
§ 7. Lai u katunil cabil Ahau. u heↄci cab Ajcuitok Tutul Xiu Vxmal. Cabil Ahau, oxlahun Ahau, buluc Ahau, bolon Ahau, uuc Ahau, ho Ahau, ox Ahau, hun Ahau, lahca Ahau, lahun Ahau, lahun kal haab cu tepalob yetel u halach uinicil Chichen Itza yetel Mayalpan: lay u habil lae.	§ 7. In this Katun of the 2d Ahau, Ajcuitok Tutul Xiu established himself in Uxmal; the 2d Ahau, the 13th, 11th, 9th, 7th, 5th, 3d, 1st, the 12th and 10th Ahau, equal to 200 years, they governed in Uxmal, with the governors of Chichen Itza and of Mayapan.
200 años.	Years 200.
§ 8. Lai u katunil buluc Ahau, bolon Ahau, uac Ahau, uaxac Ahau, paxci u halach uinicil Chichen Itza tumenel u kebanthan Hunac-eel, ca uch ti Chacxib chac Chichen Itza tu kebanthan Hunac-eel u halach uinicil Mayalpan ichpac. Cankal haab catac lahun piz haab, tu lahun tun uaxac Ahau cuchie; lai u haabil paxci tumenel Ahzinteyutchan yetel Tzunte-cum, yetel Taxcal, yetel Pantemit, Xuchu-cuet, yetel Ytzcuat, yetel Kakaltecat lay u kaba uinicilob: lae muctulob ahmayal panob lae.	§ 8. These are the Katunes 11th, 9th and 6th Ahau (sic). In the 8th Ahau the governor of Chichen-Itza was deposed, because he murmured disrespectfully against Hunac-eel. This happened to Chacxibchac of Chichen-Itza, governor of the fortress of Mayapan. Ninety years had elapsed, but the 10th year of the 8th Ahau was the year in which he was overthrown by Ajzinte-yut-chan, with Tzunte-cum, Taxcal, Pantemit, Xuch-ueuet, Ytzcuat and Kakaltecat; these are the names of the seven Mayalpanes.
90 años.	Years 90.
§ 9. Laili u katunil uaxac Ahau, lai ca binob u pâ ah Vlmil Ahau tumenel u uahal-uahob yetel ah Ytzmal Vlil Ahau; lae oxlahun uuↄ u katunilob ca paxob tumen Hunac-eel: tumenel u ↄabal u naatob; uac Ahau ca ↄoci: hunkal haab catac can lahun pizi: lai u habil cu xinbal.	§ 9. In the same Katun of the 8th Ahau they attacked Chief Ulmil, in consequence of his quarrel with Ulil, Chief of Yzamal; thirteen divisions of troops he had when he was routed by Hunac-eel; in the 6th Ahau the war was over, after 34 years.
34 años.	Years 34.
§ 10. Vac Ahau, can Ahau, cabil Ahau, oxlahun Ahau, buluc Ahau, chucuc u luumil ich pâ Mayalpan, tumenel u pach tulum, tumenel multepal ich cab Mayalpan, tumenel Ytza uinicob yetel ah Vlmil Ahau lae; can kaal haab catac oxppel haab: yocol buluc Ahau cuchie paxci Mayalpan tumenel ahuitzil ↄul, tau cah Mayalpan.	§ 10. In the 6th Ahau, 4th, 2d, 13th and 11th Ahau, the fortified territory of Mayapan was invaded by the men of Itza, under their Chief Ulmil, because they had walls, and governed in common the people of Mayalpan; eighty-three years elapsed after this event, and at the beginning of the 11th Ahau Mayalpan was destroyed by strangers of the Uitzes, Highlanders, as was also Tancaj of Mayalpan.
83 años.	Years 83.
§ 11. Vaxac Ahau lay paxci Mayalpan lai u katunil uac Ahau, can Ahau, cabil Ahau, lai haab cu ximbal ca yax mani españoles u yaxilci caa luumi Yucatan tzucubte lae, oxkal haab pâaxac ich pâ cuchie.	§ 11. In the 8th Ahau, Mayalpan was destroyed; the epochs of the 6th, 4th and 2d Ahau elapsed, and at this period the Spaniards for the first time arrived, and gave the name of Yucatan to this province, sixty years after the destruction of the fortress.
60 años.	Years 60.
§ 12. Oxlahun Ahau, buluc Ahau, uchci mayacimil ich pâ yetel nohkakil: oxlahun Ahau cimci Ahpula: uacppel haab u binel ma ↄococ u xocol oxlahun Ahau cuchie, ti yanil u xocol haab ti lakin cuchie, canil kan cumlahi pop, tu holhun Zip catac oxppeli, bolon Ymix u kinil lai cimi Ahpula; laitun año cu ximbal cuchi lae ca oheltabac lay u xoc numeroil años lae 1536 años cuchie, oxkal haab paaxac ich pâ cuchi lae.	§ 12. The 13th and 11th Ahau, pestilence and small pox were in the castles. In the 13th Ahau, Chief Ajpula died; six years were wanting to the completion of the 13th Ahau; this year was counted toward the east of the wheel, and began on the 4th “Kan.” Ajpula died on the 18th day of the month Zip, in the 9th Ymix; and that it may be known in numbers, it was the year 1536, sixty years after the destruction of the fortress.
§ 13. Laili ma ↄococ u xocol buluc Ahau lae lai ulci españoles kul uincob ti lakin u talob ca uliob uay tac luumil lae; bolon Ahau hoppci cristianoil uchci caputzihil: laili ichil u katunil lae ulci yax obispo Toroba u kaba, heix año cu ximbal uchie.	§ 13. Before the termination of the 11th Ahau, the Spaniards arrived, holy men from the east came with them when they reached the land. The 9th Ahau was the commencement of baptism and Christianity; and in this year was the arrival of Toroba (Toral), the first bishop.
1544 años.	1544 A. D.

Note.—This Manuscript has also an introduction and close, which Señor Perez has not published, because the dates specified occurred in the Spanish epoch, and consequently were of no interest to the Maya student.