14. Language.

The Bhīls have now entirely abandoned their own language and speak a corrupt dialect based on the Aryan vernaculars current around them. The Bhīl dialect is mainly derived from Gujarāti, but it is influenced by Mārwāri and Marāthi; in Nimār especially it becomes a corrupt form of Marāthi. Bhīli, as this dialect is called, contains a number of non-Aryan words, some of which appear to come from the Mundāri, and others from the Dravidian languages; but these are insufficient to form any basis for a deduction as to whether the Bhīls belonged to the Kolarian or Dravidian race.[38]


[1] The principal authorities on the Bhīls are: An Account of the Mewār Bhīls, by Major P. H. Hendley, J.A.S.B. vol. xliv., 1875, pp. 347–385; the Bombay Gazetteer, vol. ix., Hindus of Gujarāt; and notices in Colonel Tod’s Rājasthān, Mr. A. L. Forbes’s Rāsmāla, and The Khāndesh Bhīl Corps, by Mr. A. H. A. Simcox, C.S.

[2] The old name of the Sesodia clan, Gahlot, is held to be derived from this Goha. See the article Rājpūt Sesodia for a notice of the real origin of the clan.

[3] Rājasthān, i. p. 184.

[4] Ibidem, p. 186.

[5] Reference may be made to The Golden Bough for the full explanation and illustration of this superstition.

[6] Rājasthān, ii. pp. 320, 321.

[7] History of the Marāthas, i. p. 28.

[8] See article.

[9] Rājasthān, ii. p. 466.

[10] Malcolm, Memoir of Central India, i. p. 518.

[11] An Account of the Bhīls, J.A.S.B. (1875), p. 369.

[12] Hyderābād Census Report (1891), p. 218.

[13] The Khāndesh Bhīl Corps, by Mr A. H. A. Simcox.

[14] Forbes, Rāsmāla, i. p. 104.

[15] Memoir of Central India, i. pp. 525, 526.

[16] Ibidem, i. p. 550.

[17] Hobson-Jobson, art. Bhīl.

[18] An Account of the Bhīls, p. 369.

[19] The Khāndesh Bhīl Corps, p. 71.

[20] Ibidem, p. 275.

[21] Eugenia jambolana.

[22] Soymida febrifuga.

[23] Phyllanthus emblica.

[24] Terminalia belerica.

[25] Bombay Gazetteer, Hindus of Gujarāt, p. 309.

[26] See article Kunbi.

[27] Sorghum vulgare.

[28] Loc. cit. p. 347.

[29] Western India.

[30] Asiatic Studies, 1st series, p. 174.

[31] Asiatic Studies, 1st series, p. 352.

[32] Bombay Gazetteer, Hindus of Gujarāt, p. 302.

[33] Bombay Gazetteer, vol. xii. p. 87.

[34] An Account of the Bhīls, pp. 362, 363.

[35] Account of the Mewār Bhīls, pp. 357, 358.

[36] Forbes, Rāsmāla, i. p. 113.

[37] Nimār Settlement Report, pp. 246, 247.

[38] Sir G. Grierson, Linguistic Survey of India, vol. ix. part iii. pp. 6–9.