I. NATIONALITY
MAZZINI. Essays. The Scott Library. 1s.
MAZZINI. Duties of Man, etc. Everyman Library. 1s.
Anything written by Mazzini, the prophet of the national idea, can be recommended.
LORD ACTON. History of Freedom and other Essays. 1907. 10s. net.
Contains an acute historical analysis of nationality in the nineteenth century. The conclusion reached is that "the theory of nationality is more absurd and more criminal than the theory of socialism," but though the summing up is unfavourable, the whole essay is a masterly exposition of the national idea by one of the greatest of historical students. It forms a very useful foil to Mazzini.
HENRY SIDGWICK. The Elements of Politics. 1897. 14s. net.
Chapter xiv., on "The Area of Government," contains useful paragraphs on the distinction between Nation, State, and Nationality; see esp. pp. 222-225.
SIR JOHN SEELEY. The Expansion of England. First published in 1883. 4s. net.
SIR JOHN SEELEY. Introduction to Political Science. 1896. 4s. net.
Both these books, the first in particular, are important in this connection. There is no one chapter or section devoted exclusively to the consideration of nationality, but there are constant references to the subject. The point of view is, moreover, instructive. Seeley is, perhaps, the nearest English approach to Treitschke.
J.M. ROBERTSON. Introduction to English Politics. 1900. 10s. 6d. net.
Critical from the Rationalistic as Acton is from the Catholic point of view. See esp. Part V., "The Fortunes of the Lesser European States," which after a preliminary essay on Nationality, which the author declares to be "essentially a metaphysical dream," while "the motive spirit in it partakes much of the nature of superstition," goes on to give a valuable account of the development of the "small nations," Holland, Switzerland, Portugal, etc., by way of showing their value to civilisation as a whole.
P. MILYOUKOV. Russia and its Crisis. 1905. 13s. 6d.
Chap. ii. contains some interesting matter on Nationalism, especially of course as it has been developed in Russia.
J.S. MILL. On Representative Government. 2s.
Chap, xvi., "Of Nationality as connected with Representative Government."