APPENDIX
I
DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENDITURES
August 1, 1914-July 31, 1915
Schools of Gary, Indiana
REGULAR SCHOOL (TEN MONTHS, FIVE DAYS PER WEEK, EIGHT-HOUR DAY)
| Largest Three Schools with no. of Pupils | Emerson School (895) | Froebel 1847 | Jefferson 764 | All schools 4789 |
| Instruction —Salaries of supervisors and principals, | ||||
| and miscellaneous | $2,750.19 | $4,189.95 | $2,016.60 | $13,745.75 |
| Salaries of teachers | 27,954.77 | 46,373.36 | 16,713.70 | 113,533.24 |
| Supplies | 854.66 | 758.58 | 367.00 | 2,660.09 |
| Total cost of instruction | $31,559.62 | $51,321.89 | $19,097.30 | $129,939.08 |
| Operation and maintenance— | ||||
| Janitors’ wages | $3,908.80 | $4,936.02 | $1,131.11 | $12,203.15 |
| Fuel, water, light, supplies | 4,815.03 | 5,234.70 | 1,205.11 | 13,799.49 |
| Total cost of operation | $8,723.83 | $10,170.72 | $2,336.22 | $26,002.62 |
| Maintenance | 7,420.40 | 6,050.67 | 7,418.36[[3]] | 26,574.62 |
[3]. Includes new heating plant.
SATURDAY SCHOOL (TEN MONTHS, EIGHT-HOUR DAY)
| Schools | Emerson | Froebel | Jefferson | All schools |
| Instruction | $1,782.20 | $2,721.57 | $860.28 | $6,909.52 |
| Operation | 1,713.63 | 1,690.83 | 344.65 | 4,332.31 |
SUMMER SCHOOL (TWO MONTHS)
| Schools | Emerson | Froebel | Jefferson | All schools |
| Instruction— Salaries of supervisors and principals | $831.56 | $1,349.65 | $543.75 | $3,375.20 |
| Salaries of teachers | 4,213.63 | 3,678.08 | 779.58 | 10,602.91 |
| Supplies | 38.61 | 33.30 | 30.50 | 114.31 |
| Total cost of instruction | $5,083.80 | $5,061.03 | $1,353.83 | $14,092.42 |
| Operation— Janitors’ wages | $1,317.98 | $1,542.37 | $251.03 | $3,424.34 |
| Fuel, etc. | 794.37 | 1,308.42 | 131.25 | 2,421.95 |
| Total cost of operation | $2,112.35 | $2,850.79 | $382.28 | $5,846.29 |
| Maintenance | 1,149.41 | 689.79 | 1,682.55 | 4,165.90 |
SUNDAY-SCHOOL (TWO PLANTS, FOUR HOURS WEEKLY)
| Schools | Emerson | Froebel | All schools |
| Salaries of teachers | $103.00 | $128.00 | $231.00 |
| Operation | 954.56 | 847.60 | 1,802.16 |
EVENING SCHOOL (FIVE EVENINGS WEEKLY OF TWO HOURS EACH, NINE MONTHS OF SCHOOL)
| Schools | Emerson | Froebel | All schools |
| Salaries of supervisors and principals | $1,091.07 | $1,731.45 | $3,813.24 |
| Salaries of teachers | 5,112.89 | 5,828.00 | 13,675.73 |
| Supplies | 340.54 | 471.68 | 1,042.84 |
| Total cost of instruction | $6,544.50 | $8,031.13 | $18,531.81 |
| Operation | 2,283.91 | 2,392.68 | 5,872.55 |
PUPIL PER-CAPITA YEAR (TWELVE MONTHS; ALL ACTIVITIES)
| Schools | Emerson | Froebel | Jefferson | All schools |
| Per-capita cost for | ||||
| Instruction | $35.26 | $27.79 | $25.00 | $27.13 |
| Operation | 9.75 | 5.50 | 3.06 | 5.43 |
| Maintenance | 8.29 | 3.27 | 9.71 | 5.55 |
| Current cost, total | $53.30 | $36.56 | $37.77 | $38.11 |
| Permanent improvements | 11.43 | 7.81 | 14.43 | 10.88 |
| Grand total | $64.73 | $44.37 | $52.20 | $48.99 |
| General control | 3.54 | |||
| Other payments | 7.75 | |||
| Auxiliary agency | 1.02 |
ENROLLMENT
| Day School | Enrollment | Average daily attendance | No. of teachers | All Average salary | Enrollment per teacher |
| Emerson | 895 | 769.80 | 31 | $915.78 | 27.56 |
| Froebel | 1,847 | 1,591.06 | 57 | 813.56 | 31.50 |
| Jefferson | 764 | 661.70 | 22 | 759.71 | 33.50 |
| All schools | 4,789 | 4,043.98 | 142 | 802.59 | 33.70 |
| Summer schools | 1,700 | ||||
| Evening schools | 182,348[[4]] |
[4]. Number of student hours.
TOTAL EXPENDITURES—TWELVE MONTHS—ALL ACTIVITIES (REGULAR, SATURDAY, SUNDAY, SUMMER, EVENING SCHOOLS)
| Instruction | $169,703.83 |
| Operation | 43,855.93 |
| Maintenance | 30,740.52 |
| Total current cost | 244,300.28 |
| ────────── | |
| Total expenditures | $362,325.73 |
II
SUPERINTENDENT WIRT’S REPORT
ON THE
Reorganization of the Bronx Schools, New York City
Showing how the Gary Plan may be adapted to the Usual School Plant
These twelve schools, I am informed, are the most congested of any group of twelve schools in New York City. There are only 25,331 sittings in these schools and 35,580 children were registered December 31, 1914,—10,249 more than sittings. The registration is 140 per cent of the sittings. But 2500 of the present sittings, representing 50 classrooms, are unsatisfactory. There are 779 classes in the schools and only 480 satisfactory classrooms. The classes are 162 per cent of the satisfactory classrooms.
Two new schools are under construction, and a leased school-building of fifteen classrooms is nearing completion. These three buildings will provide accommodations for 4500 children and 103 additional classes. When these three buildings are completed, there will be 583 satisfactory classrooms for 779 classes. The registration of the twelve schools increased 4000 pupils from December 31, 1913, to December 31, 1914. At the present rate of increase the new buildings will not take care of the increase in school attendance during the construction of the said buildings. Four new buildings in addition to those under construction are needed now to give each child attending the schools a satisfactory school seat. Because of financial limitations the Board of Education is asking for only six new elementary-school buildings for the entire city, and two of the six, to cost approximately $1,000,000, are proposed for the relief of the twelve schools named. If the two additional schools requested, together with the three under construction, could be made ready for use to-morrow, there would still be 4000 children without satisfactory seats and no provision for normal growth in the immediate future.
I herewith submit a plan for the reorganization of the twelve schools named, so that 1022 classes may be satisfactorily accommodated in place of the 583 now provided for.
Under the New Organization unsatisfactory annexes are vacated, and unsatisfactory classrooms are used for auditorium, playrooms, laboratories, and workshops. In place of the 779 classes and 35,580 children now in the schools, room will be secured for 242 additional classes and a total registration of 46,000 children. A future increase in school registration of approximately 10,000 children will thus be provided for.
To accomplish this reorganization, rather extensive annexes are necessary at four schools, costing approximately $475,000. The remaining eight schools need only slight structural changes and additional equipment, costing approximately $44,500. Additional land should be purchased for four of the schools, costing approximately $225,000 The cost of the four annexes, the remodeling, the equipment, and the additional land will be much less than the cost for buildings, equipment, and sites for the proposed two new schools. If the proposed two-new-schools plan is followed, a total satisfactory capacity on a five-hour single-school system for 671 classes will be secured, which is 108 classes short of the present enrollment. If the reorganization at less cost than the two-new-schools plan is followed, satisfactory accommodations in a longer school day will be secured for 1022 classes, which is 243 classes more than are now enrolled,—a difference of 351 classes and 16,000 children. The true economy of the New Organization is to be found in the greater educational facilities provided for all of the children, rather than in the great capacity of the plants secured under the new plan. The upper grades, 511 classes, will have a daily school program of the following type: 80 minutes in classroom for academic work; 40 minutes in gymnasium or play-yard or grounds for physical training and play; 40 minutes for general exercises in the auditorium; 60 minutes for luncheon; 140 minutes in classroom for academic work; and 80 minutes for drawing-rooms, science laboratories, or manual-training and workshops. The lower grades, 511 classes, will have a program of the following type: same as for upper grades, except that the last period of 80 minutes will be given to play, excursions, library, church instruction, or at home. As a rule the children will have 380 minutes in school in addition to the luncheon hour, in place of the 300 minutes provided in the regular full-time school. Such a study-work-and-play school removes the children very largely from the demoralizing life of the street, and gives ample time for academic, physical, and prevocational training.
Subjects | Average time per week under regular full-time organization in New York City (minutes) | Average time per week under New Organization in Bronx schools (minutes) |
| Opening exercises | 75 | 100 |
| Music | 60 | 100 |
| Physical training, recesses, physiology, hygiene | 120 | 200 |
| English, geography, history, and arithmetic | 1010 | 1100 |
| Nature-study and science | 80 | 133 |
| Drawing | 85 | 133 |
| Construction work | 70 | 134 |
| Total time per week | 1500 | 1900 |
Under the old regular full-time organization, only manual-training and cooking-rooms are provided, and for seventh and eighth grades alone. Science laboratories for individual work, and drawing studios with special equipment, are not provided at all.
Under the New Organization, manual-training, cooking and sewing-shops, drawing-studios with special equipment, and science laboratories for individual work by students are provided for all the above grades. Besides, there will be sixty-three additional prevocational workshops with special equipment and teachers distributed advantageously in the twelve schools. Also there will be provided gardens, better auditoriums and music-rooms, better classrooms, gymnasiums and playgrounds.