Fourth down, Extream between the two farthest Bells from it.

1234
1243
1423
4123
4132
1432
1342
1324
3124
3142
3412
4312
4321
3421
3241
3214
2314
2341
2431
4231
4213
2413
2143
2134
1234

Some persons do observe to Ring the Twenty-four changes with a whole Hunt, and half Hunt; but that is an imperfect course; for there cannot be one half hunt only, but there will unavoidably be three half Hunts in one and the same Twenty-four; therefore I have set down the other way to ring it, by observing a hunt, and three extream Bells, which course is much more easie and true.

In the Twenty-four Changes are contained the six Changes; the three Extream Bells in the Twenty-four makes the six Changes in course, every extream change being one of the six, and the Hunt hunting through each of the six Changes, makes Twenty-four: For Example, take the three Extream Bells in the first Twenty-four set down before, which are 234, and set down the six Changes on them, thus.—

234
324
342
432
423
243
234

Now take the first Change, which is 234, set the Treble before it, and hunt it through, thus.—

1234
2134
2314
2341

The Treble being hunted up behinde, take the next Change of the six, which is 324, set it directly under the First, and hunt the Treble down through it, thus.—

3241
3214
3124
1324

And so take each of the other six Changes, and hunt the Treble through them, it will make Twenty-four.

I will here insert two or three old Peals on five Bells, which (though rejected in these dayes, yet) in former times were much in use, which for Antiquity sake, I here set down. And first,

The Twenty all over.

The course is this—every Bell hunts in order once through the Bells, until it comes behind them; and first the Treble hunts up, next the Second, and then the 3, 4 and 5, which brings the Bells round in their right places again, at the end of the Twenty Changes, as in this following Peal.—

12345
21345
23145
23415
23451
32451
34251
34521
34512
43512
45312
45132
45123
54123
51423
51243
51234
15234
12534
12354
12345

This Peal is to be Rang, by hunting the Bells down, beginning with the Tenor, next the fourth, and so the third, second, and treble, which will bring the Bells round in course as before.

An Eight and Forty.

In this Peal, the Fifth and Fourth are both whole Hunts, each of which does hunt down before the Bells by turns, and lies there twice together and then hunts up again: The 1, 2 and 3 goes the six changes, one of which is made every time, either of the whole Hunts lies before the Bells, as in the following Changes, where the fifth hunts down the first; and lying before the Bells, there is a change made between the 1 & 2, which is one of the six changes; and then the fifth hunts up again into its place, and the fourth hunts down, which lying before the Bells, there is another of the six changes made between the 1 and 3, and then the fourth hunts up again, and the fifth hunts down next; in which course it continues to the end of the Peal, each of the whole Hunts lying but twice at one time before the Bells, as in these following changes.

12345
12354
12534
15234
51234
52134
25134
21534
21354
21345
21435
24135
42135
42315
24315
23415
23145
23154
23514
25314
52314
53214
35214
32514
32154
32145
32415
34215
43215
43125
34125
31425
31245
31254
31524
35124
53124
51324
15324
13524
13254
13245
13425
14325
41325
41235
14235
12435
12345

Cambridge Eight and Forty.

Wherein it is observed, that the Treble and Second does never come behind, neither does the Fifth and Fourth come before, as in the following Changes.

12345
21345
21354
21534
25134
25314
23514
23154
32154
32514
35214
35124
31524
31254
31245
31425
34125
34215
32415
32145
23145
23415
24315
24135
21435
21453
24153
24513
25413
25143
21543
12543
15243
15423
14523
14253
12453
12435
14235
14325
13425
13245
13254
13524
15324
15234
12534
12354
12345

The Plain Changes on five Bells.

There are Six-score Changes to be Rang on five Bells, which are to be Rang, by observing a whole Hunt, a half Hunt, and three Extream Bells; the course of the whole Hunt, is the same with the Hunt in the Twenty-four Changes, and hunts up and down in the same manner. The half Hunt moves once, that is, over one Bell every time, the whole Hunt comes before and behind the Bells; but when the half Hunt is removed either before or behind the Extream Bells, then there is an Extream Change to be made. For Example, I make the Treble the whole Hunt, and hunt it up; and the Second the half Hunt and half hunt it up, making every Extream Change between the two farthest Extream Bells from the half Hunt; the Extream Bells are the Third, Fourth, Fifth: Now observe, that whereas in the Twenty-four Changes, an Extream Change was alwayes made, when the whole Hunt came before or behind the Bells, in these Six-score Changes an Extream is alwayes to be made, when the Half Hunt comes before or behind the Extream Bells; first the Treble is to be hunted up, as in these Changes.—

12345
21345
23145
23415
23451

The whole Hunt being hunted up, the Second, which is the half Hunt, must be hunted up over one Bell, as in this Change.—

32451

The half Hunt being removed up over one Bell, the whole Hunt must be hunted down again, as in these Changes.—

32415
32145
31245
13245

The whole Hunt being hunted down, the half Hunt is to be removed up over the Fourth, which is the next Bell to it.—

13425

The whole Hunt is to hunt up as before.—

31425
34125
34215
34251

Now the half Hunt is to be hunted up over the Fifth, which is the next Bell to it, thus.—

34521

Here the Second, which is the half Hunt, is removed quite up behind the Extream Bells; yet the Extream Change is not to be made, until the whole Hunt has removed down through the Bells, as in these Changes.—

34512
34152
31452
13452

And it is a constant Rule, that whensoever the half Hunt has removed up behind the Extream Bells, or down before them, the whole Hunt must hunt through the Bells, before the Extream Change is made, as in the last Change but four, which is 3, 4, 5, 2, 1. the Second being the half Hunt, is removed up behind the 3, 4, and 5. which are the Extream Bells; and then the whole Hunt being behind, hunts immediately down; and now the Extreame Change is to be made between the 3, and 4. which are the two farthest Extream Bells from the half Hunt, as in this Change.—

14352

The Extream being made, the whole Hunt and half Hunt are to remove again; and first the whole Hunt must be hunted up.—

41352
43152
43512
43521

Now the half Hunt is to be hunted down under one Bell, thus.—

43251

The half Hunt being removed, the whole Hunt is to be hunted down.—

43215
43125
41325
14325

The half Hunt is to be removed down under another Bell, as in this Change.—

14235

Now I hunt up the Treble.—

41235
42135
42315
42351

The Treble being hunted up, I hunt down the Second before the Extream Bells.—

24351

Now I hunt down the Treble again, and then make the Extream Change, as in these Changes.—

24315
24135
21435
12435
12453

The last is the Extream Change, which is made between the Third and Fifth; and this course is to be observed to the end of the Six-score Changes, which is set down at large at the end of the directions to this Peal.

Another short Example I will insert, which is Second down, and Fourth up, (for that is the common Phrase amongst Ringers) whereby 'tis alwayes to be observed, that the first Bell which is named, is the whole Hunt, and the second that is named, is the half Hunt, as herein you may perceive; where Second down, is meant, that the Second Bell is the whole Hunt, and to hunt down the first Change; and the Fourth Bell is the half Hunt, and to half hunt up, that is, to move up towards the hindmost Bell the first time it moves at the beginning of the Peal; which are only directions in making the first Changes, for one whole Hunt and half Hunt may be hunted several wayes, either up or down at pleasure. First, I hunt down the Second.—

12345
21345

The Second being hunted down, the Fourth, which is the half Hunt, must be removed up over one Bell, thus.—

21354

The half Hunt being removed, I must hunt up the Second, as in these Changes.—

12354
13254
13524
13542
31542
31524
31254
32154
23154
23145

Now the Fourth, which is the half Hunt, being behind the Extream Bells, the next is to be an Extream Change, which may be made either between the two farthest Bells from the half Hunt, or the two nearest to it; and after the Extream Change is made, the whole Hunt and half Hunt must be hunted as before. These Six-score Changes of Second and Fourth, I have set down at large, at the end of my directions to these Changes on five Bells.

In every Six-score, the Extream Changes may be made either between the two farthest Extream Bells from the half Hunt, or between the two nearest to it, observing to make all the Extreams in one Six-score alike; that is, if you make the first Extream Change between the two farthest Extream Bells from the half Hunt, you must make all the following Extreams in the same Six score between the two farthest Extream Bells also; or if you make the first Extream in any Six-score between the two nearest to the half Hunt, you must make all the following Extreams in the same Six-score between the two nearest also.

The Six-score plain and single Changes, are to be Rang Eight-score several wayes; for although there are but Six-score several Changes on five Bells, yet by altering the whole Hunt, the half Hunt, and Extreams, the course of the Changes are so altered, that the same Changes doe not come all along together in any two of those Eight-score wayes.

With one whole Hunt and half Hunt, the Six-score Changes are to be Rang, or set down eight several wayes; one way, is by hunting the whole Hunt, and half Hunt both up; the second way, is by hunting the whole Hunt and half Hunt both down; the third way, is in hunting the whole Hunt up, and the half Hunt down; the fourth way, is by hunting the whole Hunt down, and the half Hunt up; each of these four wayes is to be Rang two wayes more; one is, in making the Extreams between the two farthest Extream Bells from the half Hunt, and the other way is in making them between the two nearest; for Example, in making the treble the whole Hunt, and second the half Hunt, the Six-score are to be Rang eight several wayes (viz.)

Treble and second both up Treble and second both down Treble down, and second up Treble up, and second down } Extream Changes to be made between the 2 farthest Extream Bells from the half Hunt.
Treble and second both up Treble and second both down Treble down, and second up Treble up, and second down } Extream Changes to be made between the two nearest Extream Bells to the half Hunt, which is called Mediums.

On five Bells there are 20 Hunts, (i.e.) a whole Hunt, and half Hunt twenty times, and not one; and the same whole Hunt, and half Hunt twice, as appears by the following Figures, where they stand two and two together; one of which is the whole Hunt, and the other the half Hunt: for Example, the 2 highest Figures are 1.2 where the treble is the whole Hunt, and the second the half Hunt. The two next Figures are 1.3 where the treble is the whole Hunt, and the third the half Hunt; and likewise the two last, or lowest Figures, are 5.4 the fifth is the whole Hunt, and the fourth the half Hunt; and so of all the rest, the first Figure representing the whole Hunt, and the next to it the half Hunt.

1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5 		2.1
2.3
2.4
2.5 		3.1
3.2
3.4
3.5 		4.1
4.2
4.3
4.5 		5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4

So that there being twenty Hunts, and every one making eight Six-scores (as in the Example of treble and second) that is twenty (which are the number of Hunts;) multiplied by eight (which are the number of Six-scores made by each Hunt) does produce Eight-score several wayes to Ring the Six-score Changes.

In the Six-score Changes are comprehended the Twenty-four, and the Six Changes: The Twenty-four Changes are made between the half Hunt, and the three Extream Bells; and the Six are made between the Extream Bells alone: The half Hunt in the Six-score, is the whole Hunt in the Twenty-four; and there is one Change in the Twenty-four made every time the whole Hunt comes before and behind the Bells; and one Change in the Six made every Extream: So that the Six-score rightly understood, is nothing else but hunting the half Hunt through every Change of the Six, which makes Twenty-four Changes: and then hunting the whole Hunt through each Change of the Twenty-four, which makes Six-score; for instance, in the first Six-score before set down, where the treble is the whole Hunt, the second the half Hunt, and the 345 the Extream Bells.

I take the Extream Bells, and set down the six Changes on them thus.—

345
435
453
543
534
354
345

Now I take the first of the six, which is 345, and set the second (which was the half Hunt in the Six-score) to it, and hunt it up behind thus.—

2345
3245
3425
3452

Now I take the second Change of the six, which is 435, and set it directly under 345, and the second Bell to it, and hunt it down thus.—

4352
4325
4235
2435

The second being hunted through the Change, I take the third Change in the six, which is 453, and hunt the second Bell through it, as before.—

2453
4253
4523
4532

And in the same course, the second being hunted through each Change of the six, will make Twenty-four, one Change of the six, hunting the second Bell through it, makes four Changes; so that the six Changes by hunting the second through each of them, will make six times four Changes (i.e.) Twenty-four. And now hunt the Treble through each of the Twenty-four Changes, and 'twill make Six-score; the first of the Twenty-four is 2345, take the Treble, and hunt it through it thus.—

12345
21345
23145
23415
23451

Now take the next Change of the Twenty-four, which is 3245, set it under the other Change, and hunt the Treble through it thus.—

32451
32415
32145
31245
13245

And in the same manner, hunting the Treble through each Change of the Twenty-four, will produce Twenty-four times five Changes, which makes Six-score; one Change of the Twenty-four (in hunting the Treble through it) makes five Changes.

In every Six-score on 5 Bells, there are 6 Extream Changes, there being twenty Changes from one Extream to another.

It would be an endless undertaking to set down all these Peals at large, but for the convenience of the Learner, I have set down some part of several of them, which may with ease be prickt out to the end of each Peal, as the Learner pleases.

Note, That in the following Peals there is a Line drawn at each Extream Change between the Figures, to shew where the Extreams are made; as in the next Peal there is a Line drawn between the Figures just 20 Changes from the beginning of the Peal, the change next after the Line is the Extream Change, which is 14352, and so of the rest; the Change next following each Line is the Extream.