TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Editor's Preface
II. Facsimile Title-Page
III. Dedication to First Edition
IV. Preface to First Edition
V. Dedication to Second Edition
VI. Preface to Second Edition
VII. [Greek: Eis Apodaemias Brettanon ponaema Richardon tou Haklitou]
VIII. In Nauales Richardi Hakluyti Commentarios, R. Mulcaster
IX. Ejusdem in eundem
X. In eximium opus R. Hakluyti Gulielmi Camdeni Hexastichon
XI. Marco Antonio Pigafeta ad Hakluytum
XII. Extract from Oldys's Librarian, 1738.
XIII. Extract from Zouch's Life of Sir Philip Sidney

1. The Conquests of Arthur, from Geoffrey of Monmouth

2. A Testimonie of the Right and Appendances of the Crowne of the Kingdome
of Britaine, taken out of Mr. Lambard, his [Greek: Archaionomia]

3. A Testimonie concerning the Conquests of Malgo, King of England, from
Geofrrey of Monmouth

4. The Conquest of the Isles of Anglesey and Man, by Edwin, King of
Northumberland, from Bede's Ecclesiastical History

5. Another Testimonie by Bede to the same purpose

6. The Voyage of Bertus, Generall of an Armie sent into Ireland by
Ecfridus, King of Northumberland, from Bede's Ecclesiastical History

7. The Voyage of Octher, made to the North-East parts beyond Norway,
reported by himselfe unto Alfred

8. The Voyage of Octher out of his countrey of Halgoland into the Sound of
Denmarke

9. Wolstan's Navigation in the East Sea (Baltic), from Hetha to Trusco,
which is about Dantzig

10. The Navigation of King Edgar, from Florence of Worcester, Hoveden, and
Dr. Dee

11. The Voyage of Edmund and Edward, the Sonnes of King Edmund Ironside,
into Hungarie, from Florence of Worcester

12. A Chronicle of the Kings of Man from Camden's Chorographia

13. The Marriage of the Daughter of Harold to Jeruslaus, Duke of Russia, from Saxo Grammaticus

14. The State of the Shipping of the Cinque Ports from Edward the Confessour and William the Conqueror, and so downe to Edward I., from Lambert's Perambulations of Kent

15. The roll of the huge Fleete of Edward III. before Calice, from Thomas Walsingham

16. The Voyage of Nicholas de Linna, a Franciscan Frier, and an excellent Mathetician, of Oxford, to all the regions situate under the North Pole, in the yeere 1360

17. A Testimonie of the learned Mathematician Master John Dee, touching the foresaid Voyage of Nicholas de Linna

18. The Voyage of Henry, Earle of Derbie, after Duke of Hereford, and lastly King of England, by the name of Henry IV., into Prussia and Lettowe, against the Infidels, from Thomas of Walsmgham

19. The Voyage of Thomas of Woodstocke, Duke of Gloucester, into Prussia, written by Thomas Walsingham

20. The verses of Geoffrey Chaucer, showing that the English Knights were wont in his time to travaile into Prussia and other heathen lands

The original proceedings and successe of the northren, domestical, and forren trades and traffiques of this Isle of Britain, from the time of Nero the Emperor, who deceased in the yeere of our Lord 70, under the Romans, Britons, Saxons, and Danes, till the Conquest; and from the Conquest untill this present time, gathered out of the most authenticall histories and records of this Nation, viz.:

21. A Testimonie out of Cornelius Tacitus, proving London to have bene a famous Mart Town in the Reigne of Nero the Enperour

22. A Testimome out of Venerable Beda, proving London to have bene a citie of great Trafficke, not long after the beginning of the Saxons Reigne

23. The League betweene Carolus Magnus and Offa, concerning safe trade
of English Merchants

24. An ancient Testimonie as to the rank of Merchants, from Lambert's
Perambulation of Kent

25. A Testimonie of certaine privileges obtained for English and Danish
Merchants, of Conrad the Emperor, and John, Bishop of Rome, by
Canutus the Kinmg, extracted out of a Letter of his

26. The flourishing state of the citie of London, in the Reigne of King
Stephen, from William of Malmsbury

27. The Traffike of Bristow with Norway and Ireland, from William of
Malmsbury

28. The League betwecne Henry II., and Frederick Barbarossa, from
Radevicus and Otto Frisingenses

29. A generall safe-conduct granted to all forreine Marchants by King
John, from the Records of the Tower

30. The Letters of King Henry III., unto Haquinus, King of Norway,
concerning a Treaty of Peace

31. A Mandate for the King of Norway, his ship called The Cog

31. A charter granted to the Merchants of Colen, by Edward I.

33. The Charter of Lubeck, graunted by Henry III.

34. A Charter for the Marchants of Almaine, graunted by Edward I.

35. A Mandate of King Edward I., concerning outlandish Marchants

36. The Great Charter granted unto forreine Marchants by Edward I.

37. The Letters of Edward II., unto Haquinus, King of Norway, concerning the English Marchants arrested in Germany

38. An Ordinance of the Staple to be holden at one certaine place

39. A Charter of King Henry IV., to English Merchants resident in
Prussia, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Germany

40. A note touching the mighty ships of King Henry V., from a Chronicle
in the Trinity Church of Winchester

41. A branch of a Statute made in the Reigne of Henry VI., for the
trade to Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Finmark

42. Another branch of a Statute made in the Reigne of Henry VI.,
concerning the English Marchants in Denmark

43. The Process or the Libel of English Policie, exhorting all England to
Keepe the Sea

44. A brief Commentarie of Island: wherein the errors of such as have written concerning this island are detected, and the Slanders and Reproches of certaine strangers, which they have used over boldly against the People of Island are confuted by Arngrimus Ionas

BOOK I.
SECTION 1.

The Isle of Island, being severed from other countries, an infinite distance standeth farre into the ocean, etc.

SECTION 2.

In this Island at the Summer Solstitum there is no night, etc.

SECTION 3.

It is named of the ice, which continually cleaveth unto the north part thereof.

SECTION 4.

The Island is so great that it containeth many people, etc.

SECTION 5.

The Island, the most part thereof, is mountainous and untilled.

SECTION 6.

There be in this Island mountaines lift up to the skies, whose tops being white with perpetual snowe, their roots boile with everlasting fire, etc.

SECTION 7.

The flame of Mount Hecla will not burne towe, neither is it quenched with water…. This place is thought by some to be the prison of uncleane soules, etc.

SECTION 8.

Neare unto the mountaines there be three vast holes, the depth thereof cannot be discerned by any man; but there appeare to the beholders thereof certaine men at that instant plunged in, who answere their friends, exhorting them, with deepe sighs, to returne home, and, with that, they suddenly vanish away

SECTION 9.

But round about the Island there floateth ice. The inhabitants are of opinion that in Mount Hecla and in the ice there are places wherein the soules of their countrymen are tormented,

SECTION 10.

If any man shall take a great quantity of this ice, and shall keepe it never so warily in a coffer or vessel, it wil, at the time when the ice thaweth about the Island, utterly vanish away, etc.

SECTION 11.

Not far from the Mountains there be four fountaines of a most contrary nature betweene themselves. The first converteth into a stoen any body cast into it. The second is extremely cold. The third is sweeter than honey. The fourth is altogether deadly, etc.

SECTION 12.

There are so great store of Fishes in this Island that they are laid forth on piles to be sold in the open air, as high as the tops of houses

SECTION 13.

They have most swift horses, which will run without ceasing a continual course, for the space of thirty leagues

SECTION 14.

There be seen neare unto Island huge whales…. It sometimes falleth out that Mariners thinking these whales to be Islands, and casting out upon their backs, are often in danger of drowning, etc.

BOOK II.

Introduction

SECTION 1.

Adalbert, Metropolitanate of Hamburg, saw the Islanders converted unto Christianity…. At their humble request he appointed a certaine holy man named Islief to be thsir first Bishop

Chronology of the Bishops of Schalholt

Chronology of the Bishops of Holen

SECTION 2.

They inhabit caves…. and have many houses built with the bones of fishes, etc.

SECTION 3.

They and their cattell use all one house, etc.

SECTION 4.

The customs of the inhabitants

SECTION 5.

The King of Denmarke and Norway sendeth every year a Lieutenant into the country

SECTION 6.

All things are common among them, except their wives

SECTION 7.

They make all one reckoning of their whelpes and of their children, etc.

SECTION 8.

They honour their Bishop as their King, etc.

SECTION 9.

They live there for the most part upon fishes, etc.

SECTION 10.

The inhabitants do celebrate the acts of their ancestors…. with songs, and they grave them in rocks…. There be divers found among them that be minstrels, etc.

SECTION 11.

Joachim Leo and his slanders on Iceland,

SECTION 12.

Adulteries and Whoredoms arc not only public and common vices…. but are not accounted by them for vices

SECTION 13.

The treachery of the inhabitants

SECTION 14.

The good wife of the house reacheth to every one a Chamber-pot…. at Banquets…. Ten persons, men and women, lie together in one bed, etc.,

SECTION 15.

The food of the inhabitants

SECTION 16.

The simple manners of the inhabitants, and their Commerce, etc.

45. A Letter written by Gudbrandus Thorlacius, Bishop of Holen in Island, concerning the Ancient State of Island and Gronland,

Index

List of Plates and Maps

Table of Contents
END OF VOL. 1