| [CHAPTER XVI]. |
| | PAGE |
| Treaty between Great Britain and Spain | [1] |
| Surrender of Coruña | [3] |
| Situation and strength of Ferrol | [5] |
| Surrender of Ferrol | [6] |
| Exultation of the French | [8] |
| Pursuit of Romana’s army | [10] |
| Dismay in Galicia | [11] |
| Romana retreats toward Monterrey | [12] |
| Blake leaves the army | [13] |
| The French cease the pursuit | [14] |
| Buonaparte is advised that Austria is arming | [15] |
| Change in his views concerning Spain | [16] |
| He returns to France | [18] |
| His professions to the Spaniards at Madrid | [19] |
| Registers opened | [24] |
| The people of Madrid take the oath of allegiance to Joseph | [25] |
| Addresses to the Intruder | [26] |
| Edicts of the Intruder before his return to Madrid | [27] |
| His entrance into Madrid | [29] |
| Edicts against the patriots | [31] |
| Circular epistle to the clergy | [32] |
| Condition of Madrid | [34] |
| False intelligence published by the intrusive government | [36] |
| Unwillingness of the Spaniards to believe that Morla was a traitor | [37] |
| Proofs of his prior treachery | [38] |
| Morla’s letter to the Central Junta | [39] |
| His letter to the governor of Cadiz | [41] |
| Arrest and cruel imprisonment of the French at Cadiz | [42] |
| Death of Florida Blanca | [43] |
| Marques de Astorga chosen president of the Central Junta | [44] |
| Catalonia | [45] |
| Siege of Barcelona | [46] |
| St. Cyr appointed to command the French | [48] |
| He determines upon besieging Rosas | [50] |
| Dilapidated state of that fortress | [52] |
| Preparations for the siege | [52] |
| British squadron in the Bay of Rosas | [54] |
| Disposition of the Italian troops to desert | [56] |
| Attack upon Fort Trinidad repulsed | [57] |
| The French establish themselves in the town | [59] |
| Lord Cochrane arrives, and throws himself into Fort Trinidad | [59] |
| Gallant defence of the fort | [60] |
| The citadel captured, and the fort evacuated | [62] |
| St. Cyr marches to relieve Barcelona | [63] |
| He discovers a mountain path near Hostalrich | [64] |
| Indecision of General Vives | [67] |
| He marches against the French | [68] |
| Rout of the Spaniards at Llinas | [68] |
| Retreat of the Spaniards from Barcelona to the Llobregat | [71] |
| St. Cyr marches against them | [72] |
| Indecision of the Spaniards | [73] |
| The Spaniards routed and pursued to Tarragona | [76] |
| [CHAPTER XVII]. |
| The Spaniards not discouraged by their reverses | [80] |
| Condition of Infantado’s army at Cuenca | [81] |
| Dreams of offensive operations | [83] |
| Movement against the French at Tarancon | [84] |
| Venegas falls back from Tarancon to Ucles | [84] |
| Rout of the Spaniards at Ucles | [86] |
| Cruelties committed there by the French | [88] |
| Infantado collects the fugitives | [89] |
| Retreat from Cuenca | [91] |
| Loss of the artillery | [92] |
| Infantado frustrates a movement of the enemy against the Carolina army | [94] |
| He is superseded by Cartaojal | [95] |
| Calumnies against Castaños | [96] |
| His memorial to the Central Junta | [99] |
| Conde de Montijo’s intrigues | [100] |
| Progress of the French in Castille and Leon | [101] |
| New levies raised by the Spaniards | [102] |
| Temporizing conduct of certain magistrates | [103] |
| Sir Robert Wilson | [103] |
| He raises a Portugueze legion at Porto | [104] |
| Sir Robert goes to Ciudad Rodrigo | [106] |
| He refuses to return to Porto | [107] |
| Effect of his movements | [108] |
| Part of the legion detained at Porto | [109] |
| Displeasure of the authorities there | [110] |
| Rank given him by the Spanish government | [110] |
| Proposal that British troops should be admitted into Cadiz | [111] |
| Objections of the Spanish government | [112] |
| Troops arrive in the bay | [114] |
| Mr. Frere’s representations to the Central Junta | [114] |
| Reply of the Spanish government | [116] |
| Their proposal for employing the troops | [117] |
| Conference with Mr. Frere | [117] |
| Mr. Frere requests Cuesta’s opinion | [120] |
| Cuesta’s reply | [122] |
| Close of the discussion | [123] |
| Insurrection at Cadiz | [127] |
| Confidence of the people in the English | [129] |
| Proclamation of the governor | [130] |
| Murder of D. Juan de Heredia | [131] |
| The tumult subsides | [131] |
| Proclamation of the Central Junta | [132] |
| [CHAPTER XVIII]. |
| Castaños accused at Zaragoza as a traitor | [135] |
| State of public feeling in that city | [136] |
| Measures of precaution | [137] |
| None of the inhabitants leave the city | [139] |
| Supposed miracles | [140] |
| Works of defence | [141] |
| The city crowded with soldiers | [144] |
| Preparations within the city | [145] |
| Marshal Moncey reconnoitres the Torrero | [145] |
| The French appear before the city | [146] |
| They take the Torrero | [146] |
| Unsuccessful attack upon the suburbs | [148] |
| Moncey summons Palafox to surrender | [149] |
| The investment of the city completed | [150] |
| Proclamation of Palafox to the people of Madrid | [152] |
| Junot takes the command of the French | [153] |
| St. Joseph’s and the Redoubt of the Pillar taken | [153] |
| Rumours of success, and rejoicings in the city | [154] |
| An infectious disease appears in the city | [155] |
| Attempts of Lazan and Francisco Palafox to succour the city | [157] |
| Condition of the army in Catalonia | [158] |
| Reding takes the command | [159] |
| The army re-formed at Tarragona | [160] |
| Conduct of the French under St. Cyr | [162] |
| Orders to attempt the relief of Zaragoza | [164] |
| Tardiness in obeying them | [166] |
| Defeat of the peasantry | [166] |
| Alcañiz occupied by the French | [166] |
| Movements in Navarre and Aragon | [167] |
| Marshal Lasnes takes the command | [167] |
| He summons Palafox to surrender | [168] |
| The French enter the city, but with great loss | [168] |
| They establish themselves in the Trinidad Convent | [171] |
| Convents of S. Augustin and S. Monica won | [171] |
| The enemy proceed by mining | [173] |
| Progress of the pestilence | [174] |
| First talk of surrender in the city | [176] |
| The contest carried on by fire | [177] |
| Convent of Jesus in the suburb taken | [179] |
| St. Francisco taken | [180] |
| The French begin to murmur | [182] |
| Not even an attempt is made to relieve the city | [183] |
| The suburbs taken | [185] |
| The university taken | [186] |
| Palafox transfers his authority to a Junta | [186] |
| Condition of the besieged | [187] |
| Flag of truce sent to the French | [189] |
| Last efforts of the besieged | [190] |
| D. Pedro Maria Ric goes out to treat with Marshal Lasnes | [192] |
| Capitulation | [194] |
| Farther conditions asked, and refused | [196] |
| Conduct of the French | [198] |
| Treatment of the prisoners | [198] |
| Palafox compelled by threats of death to sign orders for delivering up four fortresses | [201] |
| He is sent into France | [202] |
| Demands of the French | [203] |
| Lasnes makes his entrance | [204] |
| Baseness of the suffragan bishop | [204] |
| Language of the French upon their triumph | [206] |
| Decree of the Central Junta | [206] |
| Address to the nation | [208] |
| Honours decreed to the inhabitants of Zaragoza | [211] |
| Falsehoods of the French government | [212] |
| [CHAPTER XIX]. |
| Portugal threatened by the French | [214] |
| Preparations of the English for evacuating Lisbon | [214] |
| Address of the Portugueze Regency to the nation | [215] |
| State of public feeling at Lisbon | [216] |
| Marshal Soult ordered to enter Portugal from Galicia | [218] |
| Difficulty of providing for the French army | [219] |
| His confidence of success | [220] |
| Combined plans of the French | [220] |
| Vigo and Tuy occupied by the French | [221] |
| Preparations for crossing the Minho below Tuy | [221] |
| Failure of the attempt | [223] |
| Soult marches by way of Orense | [223] |
| Romana rouses the Galicians | [224] |
| Opinion of his strength | [225] |
| Villages burnt by the French | [226] |
| Intended plan of co-operation between Romana and Silveira | [226] |
| Difference between Marshals Soult and Ney | [227] |
| Rout of Romana’s army | [228] |
| The French remove their sick and wounded to Monterrey | [229] |
| Situation of Chaves | [230] |
| Silveira retires from Chaves | [231] |
| Some mutinous officers resolve to defend it | [232] |
| Surrender of Chaves | [232] |
| The French establish their hospital there | [234] |
| Preparations for defence at Porto | [235] |
| Advance of the French from Chaves | [237] |
| Tumults at Braga | [238] |
| General Freire murdered | [240] |
| The Portugueze routed before Braga | [242] |
| The French enter Braga | [243] |
| They appear before Porto | [245] |
| Oliveira murdered | [246] |
| The Bishop leaves the city | [247] |
| Porto taken | [247] |
| Massacre there | [248] |
| Soult remains in Porto | [250] |
| Disposition of the inhabitants | [251] |
| Marshal Soult’s views respecting the Liberals and the Jews | [252] |
| His hopes of becoming King of Northern Lusitania | [254] |
| He visits the Church of N. Senhor de Bouças | [256] |
| Chaves retaken by Silveira | [260] |
| Proceedings at Coimbra | [262] |
| Colonel Trant takes a position upon the Vouga | [265] |
| Cruelties of the French | [268] |
| Positions of the French and Portugueze | [269] |
| Romana captures the garrison at Villa Franca | [270] |
| Efforts of the Galicians | [273] |
| Barrios sent into Galicia | [275] |
| The Portugueze and Galicians blockade Tuy | [276] |
| Vigo | [277] |
| The Spaniards appear before Vigo | [278] |
| Recapture of that place | [279] |
| Blockade of Tuy | [283] |
| The Portugueze recross the Minho | [284] |
| The French in Tuy relieved and withdrawn | [284] |
| [CHAPTER XX]. |
| Plans of the intrusive government | [286] |
| Effect of the war upon the French soldiery | [287] |
| Temper of the Spanish generals in La Mancha and Extremadura | [290] |
| Reforms in the Spanish army | [291] |
| The Duque del Alburquerque | [291] |
| He proposes offensive operations | [292] |
| They are undertaken when too late | [293] |
| The Duke sent to join Cuesta | [294] |
| Cartaojal advances against the French | [294] |
| Rout of the Carolina army at Ciudad Real | [295] |
| Operations of Marshal Victor | [295] |
| The French cross the Puente del Arzobispo | [296] |
| Cuesta retreats from the Puerto de Miravete | [297] |
| Skirmishes at Truxillo and Miajadas | [298] |
| Junction with Alburquerque’s division | [301] |
| Cuesta offers battle at Medellin | [301] |
| Battle of Medellin | [303] |
| Misconduct of the Spanish cavalry | [304] |
| Cuesta thrown and wounded | [304] |
| Dispersion of the Spanish army | [305] |
| No quarter given | [306] |
| Escape of Alburquerque | [307] |
| The remnant of the Spanish army collect | [308] |
| Cuesta disgraces those who had behaved ill | [309] |
| The Junta act wisely and generously upon these defeats | [310] |
| Their appeal to the people | [311] |
| Tribunal of public safety | [312] |
| Correspondence on the Intruder’s part with the Junta | [313] |
| Measures for securing Badajoz | [317] |
| A crusade proclaimed there | [318] |
| Regulations concerning the ejected religioners | [319] |
| Plans of the intrusive government | [320] |
| Sir Robert Wilson’s conduct at Ciudad Rodrigo | [321] |
| Attempt to surprise that fortress | [323] |
| The French summon it | [324] |
| March of Lapisse to unite with Victor | [325] |
| The French enter Alcantara | [325] |
| Junction of Lapisse and Victor | [327] |
| [CHAPTER XXI]. |
| Conduct of the opposition in England | [328] |
| Return of the troops from Coruña | [332] |
| The King’s speech | [333] |
| Proceedings in Parliament | [334] |
| Lord Sidmouth | [334] |
| Earl St. Vincent | [335] |
| Lord Grenville | [335] |
| Earl of Liverpool | [336] |
| Mr. Ponsonby | [338] |
| Mr. Whitbread | [339] |
| Debates on the overture from Erfurth | [341] |
| Lord Grenville | [341] |
| Lord Auckland | [341] |
| Mr. Canning | [341] |
| Lord Henry Petty | [343] |
| Mr. Whitbread | [343] |
| Mr. Croker | [346] |
| Mr. Whitbread’s speech circulated by the French government | [347] |
| Debates on the campaign in Portugal | [348] |
| Both parties agree in extolling Sir John Moore | [348] |
| Inquiry into the campaign in Spain called for | [349] |
| Lord Grenville | [349] |
| Lord Erskine | [349] |
| Mr. Ponsonby | [350] |
| Lord Castlereagh | [354] |
| Mr. Tierney | [354] |
| Mr. Canning | [357] |
| Mr. Windham | [361] |
| Sir John Moore’s dispatches | [367] |
| Mr. Frere’s correspondence with Sir John Moore | [372] |
| Earl Grey | [373] |
| Earl of Liverpool | [374] |
| Mr. Canning | [377] |
| Earl Grey | [381] |
| Expedition to the Scheldt | [382] |
| Troops sent to Portugal | [384] |
| Earl of Buckinghamshire | [384] |
| [CHAPTER XXII]. |
| Feelings of the Portugueze toward the English | [387] |
| Sir Arthur Wellesley’s instructions | [388] |
| General Beresford appointed commander-in-chief of the Portugueze army | [389] |
| He begins to reform the army | [390] |
| Intercepted letter from General Kellermann to Soult | [392] |
| Laborde sent to attack Silveira at Amarante | [393] |
| State of Penafiel when the French entered | [394] |
| The Bridge of Amarante | [395] |
| Lieutenant-Colonel Patrick killed in defending it | [397] |
| The French endeavour to throw a bridge over the river | [398] |
| Repeated attempts to effect the passage | [399] |
| Plan for demolishing the Portugueze entrenchments | [400] |
| The French win the bridge | [401] |
| Situation of the enemy | [402] |
| Sir Arthur Wellesley lands at Lisbon | [404] |
| He communicates his plans to Cuesta | [404] |
| Views of the Philadelphes in Marshal Soult’s army | [406] |
| The Sieur D’Argenton goes to Sir Arthur Wellesley to explain their views | [409] |
| Advance of the British army towards Porto | [410] |
| D’Argenton is arrested | [411] |
| Soult prepares to retreat from Portugal | [412] |
| The French driven from Albergaria | [413] |
| They are driven from their position at Grijo | [414] |
| Measures of Soult to prevent the passage of the Douro | [415] |
| Passage of that river | [416] |
| Deliverance of Porto | [418] |
| Soult and Loison effect a junction on their retreat | [421] |
| Sir Arthur pursues the French | [422] |
| Sufferings of the enemy in their flight | [423] |
| Loss of the French at Puente de Misarella | [425] |
| The pursuit given over at Montalegre | [425] |
| Movement of troops from Aragon | [426] |
| Reasons for not continuing the pursuit | [427] |
| Victor enters Portugal by way of Alcantara, and speedily retreats | [428] |
| Soult reaches Orense | [429] |
| Romana enters Asturias, and displaces the Junta | [429] |
| Combined movements of the French against Romana | [430] |
| Romana escapes by sea | [431] |
| Ney returns into Galicia | [432] |
| The French in Lugo relieved by Soult | [433] |
| Mahy returns to Mondoñedo | [434] |
| The French driven from Compostella | [435] |
| Combined operations of Marshals Ney and Soult in Galicia | [436] |
| Romana rejoins his army | [437] |
| Proceedings of Soult | [437] |
| Cruelties exercised by the French | [439] |
| Defeat of the French at the Bridge of S. Payo | [440] |
| The Spaniards retaliate upon the invaders | [443] |
| Soult retreats out of Galicia | [443] |
| Ferrol and Coruña evacuated by the French | [444] |
| Soult complains of certain officers | [446] |
| He recommends a plan for securing Galicia | [447] |
| Romana summoned to take his place in the Central Junta | [448] |
| He orders a monument to be erected to Sir John Moore | [449] |
| His farewell to the army | [450] |
| Address of the Central Junta to the Galicians | [451] |
| [CHAPTER XXIII]. |
| Proceedings of the French after the fall of Zaragoza | [456] |
| State of the Catalan army | [457] |
| Reding determines to act on the offensive | [460] |
| The Spaniards driven from Igualada | [461] |
| Failure of the French against the Abbey of the S. Creus | [462] |
| Reding takes the field, and collects his scattered troops | [465] |
| He is advised to retreat | [466] |
| Battle of Valls | [469] |
| The French received at Reus | [472] |
| Arrangement concerning the wounded | [473] |
| Alarm at Tortosa | [474] |
| Lazan separates his army from Reding’s command | [475] |
| Mortality in Tarragona | [476] |
| St. Cyr removes to the plain of Vicq | [477] |
| Vicq deserted by its inhabitants | [480] |
| Arrest of the persons in office at Barcelona for refusing the oath | [481] |
| Prisoners sent into France | [483] |
| Barcelona relieved by sea | [484] |
| Reding dies of his wounds | [484] |
| Peasants of the Vallés | [486] |
| Blake appointed to the command | [488] |
| Movements of the Aragonese | [488] |
| Monzon recovered by the Spaniards | [490] |
| Capture of a French detachment | [491] |
| Blake moves upon Alcañiz | [492] |
| The French withdraw | [495] |
| Suchet comes against him | [496] |
| Defeat of the French before Alcañiz | [497] |
| Anniversary of the insurrection at Valencia | [499] |
| Celebration of S. Ferdinand’s day | [500] |
| Executions in Barcelona | [502] |
| Blake advances toward Zaragoza | [504] |
| Suchet attacks the Spaniards | [505] |
| Blake retreats to Belchite | [506] |
| Flight of the Spaniards | [507] |
| Blake’s resignation not accepted | [509] |
| Commencement of the Guerillas | [511] |
| Porlier | [511] |
| The Empecinado | [511] |
| Renovales in the valleys of Roncal | [512] |
| He defeats a French detachment | [512] |
| A second party defeated | [513] |
| Proclamation of the Duque de Mahon | [514] |
| Executions and reprisals | [516] |
| Attempts to win over Renovales | [517] |
| Troops sent from Zaragoza against him | [520] |
| He capitulates for the valleys | [522] |
| Xavier Mina | [523] |
| Siege of Gerona commenced | [526] |