Contents
Page [Preface] vii [Introduction] 1 [Earth’s outer crust] 2 [Geologists] 2 [Time and rock units] 2 [Geologic map] 6 [What are rocks and minerals?] 7 [Chemical elements] 7 [Minerals] 7 [Rocks] 8 [Igneous rocks] 9 [Extrusive or volcanic igneous rocks] 9 [Intrusive igneous rocks] 9 [Sedimentary rocks] 10 [Soils] 10 [Sedimentary rock materials in broken fragments] 11 [Sedimentary rock materials in solution] 12 [Cementing materials and chemical sediments] 12 [Sedimentary rocks formed by plants and animals] 12 [Metamorphic rocks] 12 [Static metamorphism] 13 [Contact metamorphism] 13 [Dynamic metamorphism] 14 [Occurrence and properties of minerals] 14 [How minerals occur] 14 [Crystalline minerals] 14 [Crystals] 14 [Imperfect crystals] 14 [Amorphous minerals] 15 [Some distinguishing properties of minerals] 15 [Color] 16 [Luster] 16 [Transmission of light] 16 [Hardness] 16 [Streak or powder] 17 [Cleavage] 17 [Parting] 17 [Fracture] 17 [Specific gravity] 18 [Effervescence in acid] 18 [Some special occurrences of minerals] 18 [Cave deposits] 18 [Concretions] 19 [Geodes] 19 [Petrified wood] 20 [Collecting rocks and minerals] 22 [Rock and mineral identification charts] 24 [How to use the mineral identification charts] 24 [Key to mineral identification charts] 25 [Mineral identification charts] 26 [How to use the rock identification charts] 39 [Rock identification charts] 40 [Descriptions of some Texas rocks and minerals] 43 [Anhydrite] 43 [Asbestos] 43 [Barite] 44 [Basalt] 45 [Calcite] 46 [Cassiterite] 47 [Celestite] 48 [Cinnabar] 49 [Clay] 51 [Copper minerals (chalcocite, chalcopyrite, malachite, azurite)] 52 [Dolomite] 54 [Feldspar] 55 [Fluorite] 56 [Galena] 57 [Garnet] 58 [Gneiss] 59 [Gold] 59 [Granite] 61 [Graphite] 62 [Gypsum] 63 [Halite] 65 [Hematite] 66 [Limestone] 68 [Limonite] 70 [Llanite] 71 [Magnetite] 72 [Manganese minerals (braunite, hollandite, pyrolusite)] 73 [Marble] 75 [Mica] 76 [Obsidian and vitrophyre] 77 [Opal] 78 [Pegmatite] 79 [Pyrite] 80 [Quartz] 81 [Quartzite] 84 [Rhyolite] 85 [Sand and sandstone] 85 [Schist] 87 [Serpentine] 87 [Shale] 88 [Silver minerals (argentite, cerargyrite, native silver)] 89 [Sulfur] 90 [Talc and soapstone] 93 [Topaz] 94 [Tourmaline] 94 [Uranium minerals (carnotite, uranophane, pitchblende)] 95 [Volcanic ash (pumicite)] 97 [Composition, hardness, and specific gravity of some Texas minerals] 99 [Books about rocks and minerals] 100 [Nontechnical books for beginners] 100 [Textbooks and other reference books] 100 [Selected references on Texas rocks and minerals] 100 [Glossary] 102 [Index] 104