FOOTNOTES:
[1] See the Extract in page vi.
[2] In Church-street, at Ashborne, is an Alms-house, originally founded by Christopher Pegge, Esq. The name occurs also on the table of Benefactors in Ashborne Church.
[3] Docquet-book in the Crown-office.
[4] See Sandford, p. 647, edit. 1707. Granger erroneously calls him Carlo; and also, by mistake, gives him the name of Fitz-roy.
[5] See Mr. Lysons's Environs of London, vol. I. p. 537.
[6] Dart's History of Westminster Abbey, vol. II. p. 55.
[7] There is a half-length portrait of the Earl, in a robe de chambre, laced cravat, and flowing hair (with a ship in the back ground of the picture), by Sir Peter Lely, now in the family: and also two of his Mother, Lady Greene; one a half-length, with her infant Son standing by her side; the other, a three-quarters; both either by Sir Peter Lely, or by one of his pupils.
[8] Dr. Burton was President (i. e. Vice-master of the College) when Mr. Pegge's Son was admitted of it, 1751; but soon afterwards took the Rectory of Staplehurst in Kent, which he held till his death in 1759.
[9] The Platt-fellowships at St. John's are similar to what are called Bye-fellowships in some other Colleges at Cambridge, and are not on the Foundation. The original number was six, with a stipend of 20l., per annum each, besides rooms, and commons at the Fellows' table. They were founded by William Platt, Esq. (Son of Sir Hugh Platt, Knt.) an opulent citizen of London, out of an estate then of the annual value of 140l. Being a rent-charge, the Fellowships cannot be enlarged in point of revenue, though the number has been increased to eight, by savings from the surplus. There is a good portrait of Mr. Platt in the Master's Lodge at St. John's, with the date of 1626, æt. 47. He died in 1637. More of him may be seen in Mr. Lysons's Environs of London, vol. III. pp. 59, 66, 70, 71, 110, 376.
[10] Of this little academical literary Society the late Samuel Pegge, Esq. possessed a particular History in MS. Edit.
[11] In 1733, his Life of Archbishop Kempe was in forwardness for press, and he solicited assistance for it from MSS.
In 1734, he sent them a critical letter on the name and town of Wye.
In 1739, an Account of a Religious House in Canterbury, not noticed before, his conjectures on which were approved by Mr. Thorpe.
An Account of the Endowment of the Vicarage of Westfield in Sussex, by Richard second Bishop of Chichester, 1249, in the hands of Sir Peter Webster, Bart.
Account of the Amphitheatre in the Garden of the Nuns of Fidelite at Angers: the arena 150 feet diameter, outer wall 20 feet thick, the caveæ 14 feet long and wide, with layers of Roman brick and stone 3 or 4 feet asunder.
[12] Afterwards Sir Edward Dering, the sixth Baronet of that Family, who died Dec. 8, 1798.
[13] The Bishop's Inhibition took place soon after the decision of the cause at Derby, and was not revoked till late in the year 1758, which was principally effected by Mr. Pegge's intercession with his Lordship, stating Mr. Ellis's distressed circumstances, and his having made a proper submission, with a promise of future good behaviour. This revocation is contained in a letter addressed to Mr. Pegge, under the Bishop's own hand, dated Oct. 30, 1758.
[14] We believe this witness to have been George Mower, Esq. of Wood-seats, in this county, who served the office of Sheriff in 1734.
[15] Dr. George's letter to Mr. Pegge on the occasion has been preserved, and is conceived in the most manly and generous terms. On account of the distance, Mr. Pegge then residing in Kent, the Dean was so obliging as to concert matters with Bishop (Frederick) Cornwallis, who then sat at Lichfield, that the living might lapse without injury to Mr. Pegge, who therefore took it, in fact, from his Lordship by collation.
[16] Mr. Pegge became known, at least by name, to Dr. Herring, when Archbishop of York, by an occasional Sermon (which will be adverted to among Mr. Pegge's writings), on the publication whereof his Grace sent him a letter in handsome terms. When the Archbishop was translated to Canterbury, Mr. Pegge was, most probably, personally known to him as the Diocesan.
[17] More usually called Brindle.
[18] The person who actually succeeded to the Vicarage of Godmersham was the Rev. Aden Ley, who died there in 1766.
[19] Soon after the fourth Duke of Devonshire came of age, 1769, finding that he had many friends of his own to oblige, it was suggested to the Senior Chaplains that a resignation would be deemed a compliment by his Grace. Mr. Pegge, therefore (among some others), relinquished his Chaplainship, though he continued to wear the scarf.
[20] It is rather a singular coincidence, that Mr. Pegge should have been at the same time Rector of Whittington in Derbyshire and Prebendary of Whittington in Staffordshire, both in one Diocese, under different patronages, and totally independent of each other. These two Whittingtons are likewise nearly equidistant from places of the name of Chesterfield.
[21] The Prebend of Louth carries with it the Patronage of the Vicarage of the Parish of Louth, to which Mr. Pegge presented more than once. On the first vacancy, having no Clerk of his own, he offered the nomination to his Benefactor Bishop Green; at the last, he gave the living, uninfluenced, to the present Incumbent, the Rev. Wolley Jolland, son of the Recorder of Louth.
[22] It was said at the time, as we recollect, that this piece of preferment was so peculiar in its tenure, as not to be strictly optionable; for, had the See of Lichfield been possessed by a Bishop inimical to the Archbishop or to Mr. Pegge at the time of the vacancy of the Stall, such Bishop might have defeated his Grace's intentions. The qualifications of the Residentiaries in this Cathedral we understand to be singular, dependent on the possession of certain Prebendal Houses, which are in the absolute disposal of the Bishop, as a sine quâ non, to constitute the eligibility which is vested in the Dean and Chapter. As matters stood, in this case, at the death of Mr. Seward, the present Bishop of Lichfield (Dr. James Cornwallis), Mr. Pegge's warm Friend, co-operating with the Dowager Mrs. Cornwallis, removed every obstruction.
[23] The very just character of Mr. Knight given in the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. LI. p. 147, was drawn by Mr. Pegge, who had been intimate with him very nearly half a century.
[24] This Print has the following inscription:
"Samuel Pegge, A.M. S.A.S.
A.D. MDCCLXXXV. Æt. 81.
Impensis, et ex Voto, Gustavi Brander, Arm.
Sibi et Amicis."
We cannot in any degree subscribe to the resemblance, though, the print is well engraved. There is, however, a three-quarters portrait in oil (in the possession of his grandson, Sir Christopher Pegge, and much valued by him) painted in 1788, by Mr. Elias Needham, a young Provincial Artist, and a native of Derbyshire, which does the Painter great credit, being a likeness uncommonly striking. Dr. Pegge being an old gentleman well known, with a countenance of much character, the Portrait was taken at the request of Mr. Needham; who, after exhibiting it to his Patrons and Friends, made a present of it to Mr. Pegge. Those who knew Dr. Pegge, and have had an opportunity of comparing the Portrait with the Print, will agree with us, that no two pictures of the same person, taken nearly at the same point of life, and so unlike each other, can both be true resemblances.—A faithful Engraving from Mr. Needham's Portrait is prefixed to the present Volume.
[25] He specified, in writing, about fourscore of these volumes, which were chiefly what may be called Library-books; the rest were added by his Son.
[26] In this year he printed "A Narrative of what passed at the Revolution-house at Whittington in the year 1688, with a view and plan of the house by Major Rooke (reprinted in Gent. Mag. vol. LIX. p. 124)." [See the Appendix.]
[27] See the Appendix to this Memoir.
[28] In this Discourse the venerable Preacher, taking for his text Psalm cxviii. 24, first recites, in plain and unaffected language, the blessings resulting from the event here commemorated to Church and State; and then points out the corruptions of the present age, with advice for their reformation.
[29] This solemnity took place on Wednesday; and, the Church being crowded with strangers, the Sermon was repeated to the parochial congregation on the following Sunday.—Mr. Pegge was then very old, and the 5th of November N. S. was his birth-day, when he entered into the 85th year of his age.
[30] Mr. Pegge, at the time, was on a visit to his Grandson, the present Sir Christopher Pegge, M. D. then lately elected Reader of Anatomy at Christ Church, Oxford, on Dr. Lee's foundation.
[31] The only Member of the Society at the time of its Incorporation, who survived Dr. Pegge, was Samuel Reynardson, Esq.
[32] The first Piece that appears to have been, in any degree, published by Dr. Pegge, was, A Latin Ode on the Death of King George I. 1727. See "Academiæ Cantabrigiensis Luctus" Signature Z. z. fol. b. [Dr. Pegge was then lately elected Fellow of St. John's College (the first time) as he signs it "Sam. Pegge, A. B. Coll. Div. Joh. Evang. Soc." See before, p. xiii.]—1731. An irregular English Ode on Joshua vi. 20, which he contributed to a Collection of "Miscellaneous Poems and Translations," published (with a numerous subscription) by the Rev. Henry Travers, 1731, octavo, p, 170. [See "Anonymiana," p. 327, for an account of Mr. Travers, and this publication.] A marginal note in Dr. Pegge's copy of Mr. Travers's publication tells us, that this Ode was an academical exercise, when the Doctor was an under-graduate at St. John's, which was sent to the Earl of Exeter. His Lordship's Ancestors had been Benefactors to the College, a circumstance which, we presume, gave rise to the custom of sending such periodical exercises to the then Earl; though the practice, as far as we know, does not continue. Thus much of this Commemoration, as we believe, remains, that two Sermons are still annually preached (the one at Hatfield, and the other at Burleigh) by Fellows of the College, which we apprehend to have been enjoined by the Benefactor. The Ode, of which we have spoken, became some years after an auxiliary contribution to Mr. Travers's Collection from Dr. Pegge, jointly with other contemporaries, to relieve the Editor from some pecuniary embarrassments.—An Examination of "The Enquiry into the meaning of Demoniacks in the New Testament; in a Letter to the Author," 1739. An octavo (of 86 pages), with his name prefixed. [This controversy originated from the Rev. Dr. Arthur-Ashley Sykes, who published "An Enquiry into the Meaning of the Demoniacks in the New Testament" (1737). under the obscure signature of "T. P. A. P. O. A. B. I. T. C. O. S." The interpretation of this is, The Precentor And Prebendary Of Alton-Borealis, In The Church Of Salisbury. Dr. Sykes had been vicar of Godmersham; so that two vicars of Godmersham became, incidentally, parties in the controversy. The question engaged several other Writers; viz. Rev. Leonard Twells, Rev. Thomas Hutchinson, and Rev. William Winston, who were followed by Dr. Pegge. He, however, entered so late into the lists, after the subject was almost worn out, that his Publication was not much attended to, though it attracted the applause of several competent judges, such as the Rev. Dr. Newcome, Master of St. John's College, Cambridge; Rev. Dr. Taylor (late Residentiary of St. Paul's); the very learned Bp. Smalbroke; and some others.]—A Sermon on St. John i. 5: "The Light Shineth in Darkness," preached on St. John's-day, 1742, at Canterbury cathedral, and inscribed to his much-respected friend, Thomas Knight, Esq. of Godmersham, in Kent.—A Sermon, preached also at Canterbury Cathedral during the Rebellion, 1746. [The avowed design of the Discourse was, to prove that "Popery was an encouragement to vice and immorality." This Sermon attracted the civilities (mentioned in p. xxxi.) which Dr. Pegge received from Archbishop Herring. These are the principal professional Publications by Dr. Pegge; to which ought to be added some short pastoral and gratuitous printed distributions at various times; viz. 1755. A Discourse on Confirmation (of 23 pages, octavo), being an enlarged Sermon, preached at Chesterfield previously to the Bishop's triennial Visitation, and dispersed.—1767. A brief Examination of the Church Catechism, for the Use of those who are just arrived at Years of Discretion.—1790.]
Frivolous as many detached morsels, scattered up and down in the Gentleman's Magazine, may appear to some Readers, they may be called the ruminations of a busy mind; which shews an universality of reading, a love of investigation, A short Paraphrase of the Lord's Prayer (4 pages octavo), first addressed to his Parishioners of Brindle, in Lancashire, 1753; and afterwards reprinted and distributed in his three parishes of Whittington, Heath, and Wingerworth, in Derbyshire, 1790.
[33] An accurate list of these detached publications may be seen in the Gentleman's Magazine for 1796, pp. 979, 1081.
[34] We shall here specify Mr. Pegge's several Memoirs printed (by direction of the Council of the Society of Antiquaries) in the Archæologia, as being the principal combined work to which he contributed. Herein we shall proceed as they successively occur in those volumes, rather than by the times at which the communications themselves were actually read before the Society.
Vol. I. No. XXXVII. p. 155. Some Observations on an antique Marble of the Earl of Pembroke.—No. XXXVIII. p. 161. Dissertation on an Anglo-Saxon Jewel.—No. LV. p. 319. Of the Introduction, Progress, State, and Condition, of the Vine in Britain.—No. LVII. p. 335. A Copy of a Deed in Latin and Saxon of Odo, Bishop of Baieux, with some Observations thereon.
Vol. II. No. IX. p. 68. Observations on the Mistakes of Mr. Lisle and Mr. Hearne in respect of King Alfred's Present to the Cathedrals. The late use of the Stylus, or metalline Pen. Mr. Wise's Conjecture concerning the famous Jewel of King Alfred further pursued; shewing it might possibly be part of the Stylus sent by that King, with Gregory's Pastorals, to the Monastery at Athelney.—No. XIII. p. 86. The Bull-running at Tutbury, in Staffordshire, considered.—No. XVI. p. 100. Observations on Dr. Percy's (afterwards Bishop of Dromore) Account of Minstrels among the Saxons. [See vol. III. Art. XXXIV. p. 310.]—No. XIX. p. 124. Observations on Stone Hammers.—No. XXV. p. 171. A Dissertation on the Crane, as a Dish served up at great Tables in England.—No. XXXVI. p. 276. A succinct and authentic Narrative of the Battle of Chesterfield [co. Derby], A. D. 1266, in the Reign of K. Henry III.
Vol. III. No. I. p. 1. Of the Horn, as a Charter, or Instrument of Conveyance. Some Observations on Mr. Samuel Foxlow's Horn; as likewise on the Nature and Kinds of those Horns in general.—No. X. p. 39. On Shoeing of Horses among the Antients.—No. XI. p. 53. The Question considered, whether England formerly produced any Wine from Grapes. [See vol. I. Art. LV. p. 319. This Question was answered by the Hon. Daines Barrington in the 12th article of this volume, p. 67.]—No. XIV. p. 101. Remarks on Belatucader.—No. XVIII. p. 125. Memoir concerning the Sac-Friars, or Fratres de Pœnitentiâ Jesu Christi, as settled in England.—No. XIX. p. 132. [Greek: Alektruonôn Agôn.] A Memoir on Cock-Fighting; wherein the Antiquity of it, as a Pastime, is examined and stated; some Errors of the Moderns concerning it are corrected; and the Retention of it among Christians absolutely condemned and proscribed.—No. XX. p. 151. An Inscription in honour of Serapis, found at York, illustrated.—No. XXXIV. p. 310. A Letter to Dr. Percy (afterwards Bishop of Dromore), on the Minstrels among the antient Saxons, occasioned by some Observations on the Subject printed in the second Volume, p. 100. [In this short Letter, Dr. Pegge very candidly acknowledges that the Bishop had removed all his doubts in the most satisfactory manner, by a more copious discussion of the subject in a subsequent edition, which the Doctor had not seen when he wrote the Memoir in vol. II. p. 100]—No. XXXVI. p. 316. Remarks on the first Noble (coined 18 Edw. III. A. D. 1344) wherein a new and more rational Interpretation is given of the Legend on the Reverse.—No. XLII. p. 371. Observations on two Jewels in the Possession of Sir Charles Mordaunt, Bart.
Vol. IV. No. III. p. 29. An Enquiry into the Nature and Cause of King John's Death; wherein it is shewn that it was not effected by Poison.—No. IV. p. 47. Illustrations of a Gold enamelled Ring, supposed to have been the Property of Alhstan, Bishop of Sherburne, with some Account of the State and Condition of the Saxon Jewelry in the more early Ages.—No. VIII. p. 110. Observations on Kits Cotty House in Kent.—No. XVII. p. 190. A Dissertation on a most valuable Gold Coin of Edmund Crouchback, son of King Henry III.—No. XXVI. p. 414. Remarks on the Bones of Fowls found in Christ-church Twynham, Hampshire.
Vol. V, No. I. p. 1. Observations on the History of St. George, the Patron Saint of England; wherein Dr. Pettingall's allegorical Interpretation of the Equestrian Figure on the George, and the late Mr. Byrom's Conjecture, that St. George is mistaken for Pope Gregory, are briefly confuted; and the Martyr of Cappadocia, as Patron of England, and of the Order of the Garter, is defended against both. [N. B. Dr. Pegge's Name to this Article is omitted in the Contents to the Volume; but see the Signature, p. 32.]—No. V. p. 95. On the Rudston Pyramidal Stone.—No. VII. p. 101. Remarks on Governor Pownall's Conjecture concerning the Croyland Boundary Stone.—No. XIII. p. 160. An Examination of a mistaken Opinion that Ireland, and [The Isle of] Thanet, are void of Serpents.—No. XXI. p. 224. Observations on the Stone Coffins found at Christ Church [in Hampshire].—No. XXVII. p. 272. An important Historical Passage of Gildas amended and explained.—No. XXXVI. p. 346. The Question discussed concerning the Appearances of the Matrices of so many Conventual Seals.—No. XXXIX. p. 369. Remarks on the ancient Pig of Lead [then] lately discovered in Derbyshire. [The Date is 1777.]—No. XLI. p. 390. The Penny with the name of Rodbertus IV. ascribed to Robert Duke of Normandy, and other Matters relative to the English Coinage, occasionally discussed.
Vol. VI. No. VIII. p. 79. Observations on the Plague in England—No. XX. p. 150. The Commencement of the Day among the Saxons and Britons ascertained.
Vol. VII. No. II. p. 19. Illustration of some Druidical Remains in the Peak of Derbyshire, drawn by Hayman Rooke, Esq.—No. IX. p. 86. Observations on the present Aldborough Church, in Holderness; proving that it was not a Saxon Building, as Mr. Somerset [i. e. John-Charles Brooke, Esq. Somerset Herald] contends.—No. XIII. p. 131. A Disquisition on the Lows, or Barrows, in the Peak of Derbyshire, particularly that capital British Monument called Arbelows.—No. XVIII. p. 170. Description of a Second Roman Pig of Lead found in Derbyshire, in the Possession of Mr. Adam Wolley, of Matlock, in that County, with Remarks.—No. XXIV. p. 211. Observations on the Chariots of the Antient Britons.—No. XXXVIII. p. 362. Observations on a Seal of Thomas, Suffragan Bishop of Philadelphia.
Vol. VIII. No. I. p. 1. A Sketch of the History of the Asylum, or Sanctuary, from its Origin to the final Abolition of it in the Reign of King James I.—No. III. p. 58. Observations on the Stanton Moor Urns, and Druidical Temples.—No. XX. p. 159. A circumstantial Detail of the Battle of Lincoln, A. D. 1217 (1 Henry III).
Vol. IX. No. V. p. 45. Description of another Vol. X. No. II. p. 17. Derbeiescira Romana.—No. IV. p. 50. Some Observations of the Paintings in Brereton Church.—No. XIX. p. 156. On the hunting of the antient Inhabitants of our Island, Britons and Saxons.—No. XXIII. p. 177. Observations on an antient Font at Burnham-Deepdale, in Norfolk. The following articles appear to have been contributed by Mr. Pegge to that useful and interesting reservoir of British Topographical History, the Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica; viz. No. XVII. A Memoir on the Story of Guy Earl of Warwick [1783].—No. XXI. The History and Antiquities of Eccleshal-Manor and Castle, in the County of Stafford; and of Lichfield House in London [1784]. [This Memoir is inscribed to four successive Bishops of Lichfield: the Right Rev. Dr. John Egerton (then Bishop of Durham); Hon. and Right Rev. Dr. Brownlow North, then (and still) Bishop of Winchester; Right Rev. Dr. Hurd, then Bishop of Worcester; and the Hon. and Right Rev. Dr. Cornwallis, the present Bishop of Lichfield, who has done Dr. Pegge the honour to deposit a copy of it among the Archives belonging to that See.—No. XXIV. The Roman Roads (Ikenild-Street and Bath-Way) discovered and investigated through the Country of the Coritani, or the County of Derby; with the Addition of a Dissertation on the Coritani. [1784.]—No. XXV. An Historical Account of that venerable Monument of Antiquity, the Textus Roffensis; including Memoirs of Mr. William Elstob, and his Sister, Mrs. Elizabeth Elstob. [1784.]—No. XXVIII. Some Account of that Species of Prelates formerly existing in England, usually called "Bishops in Partibus Infidelium." [1784.] [The article before us is combined with some others to consolidate what has been written on the subject. It begins with a Letter from the Rev. Thomas Brett, LL. D. on Suffragan Bishops in England, extracted from Drake's Antiquities of York (p. 539), which is followed by a Memoir on the same Topick from the Rev. Mr. Lewis, of Margate. To these is subjoined Dr. Pegge's Account of "Bishops in Partibus Infidelium." [N. B. This Number closes with "A List of the Suffragan Bishops in England, drawn up by the late Rev. Henry Wharton, M.A. and extracted from his MSS. in the Lambeth Library.">[—No. XXXII. Sketch of the History of Bolsover and Peak Castles, in the County of Derby (in a Letter to his Grace the Duke of Portland), illustrated with various Drawings by Hayman Rooke, Esq. [1785].—No. XLI. A Sylloge of the authentic remaining Inscriptions relative to the Erection of our English Churches, embellished with Copperplates. Inscribed to Richard Gough, esq. [1787.] Independent Publications on Numismatical, Antiquarian, and Biographical Subjects: 1756. No. I. "A Series of Dissertations on some elegant and very valuable Anglo-Saxon Remains." [42 pages, 4to. with a Plate.] 1. A Gold Coin in the Pembrochian Cabinet, in a Letter to Martin Folkes, Esq. late President of the Royal Society, and Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. [Dated Godmersham, 1751.] 2. A Silver Coin in the Possession of Mr. John White. [Dated Whittington, 1755.] 3. A Gold Coin in the Possession of Mr. Simpson, of Lincoln, in a Letter to Mr. Vertue. [Dated Godmersham, 1751.] 4. A Jewel in the Bodleian Library. [No place or date.] 5. Second Thoughts on Lord Pembroke's Coin, in a Letter to Mr. Ames, Secretary to the Society of Antiquaries. [Dated Whittington, 1755.] [These Dissertations are prefaced by a Question, candidly debated with the Rev. George North, Whether the Saxons coined any Gold?]—No. II. 1761. "Memoirs of Roger de Weseham, Dean of Lincoln, afterwards Bishop of Lichfield; and the principal Favourite of Robert Grosseteste, Bishop of Lincoln." [60 pages, 4to.] [This work (as we are told in the title-page) was intended as a prelude to the Life of that most excellent Bishop, Robert Grosseteste; which accordingly appeared (as will be mentioned) in the year 1795. These Memoirs were compiled soon after Dr. Pegge was collated, by Bishop [Frederick] Cornwallis, to the prebend of Bobenhull, in the church of Lichfield, 1757, (founded by Bishop Weseham) and gratefully inscribed to his patron the Bishop of Lichfield, and to his friend Dr. John Green, then Dean of Lincoln, as Roger de Weseham had successively filled both those dignities. [35] Both these are engraved in the "Antiquaries Museum," from drawings made by Mr. Schnebbelie. Edit. [36] It appears, from traditional accounts, that Lord Delamere, an ancestor of the present Earl of Stamford and Warrington, was also at this meeting. H. Rooke. [37] Kennett. [38] A Provincial name for a Magpye. [39] Rapin, XV. 199. [40] Deering's Nottingham, p. 258. [41] Son and heir of Conyers Earl of Holderness. [42] For the Earl of Devonshire's proceedings at Derby and Whittington see Mr. Deering's History of Nottingham, p. 260. Mr. Drake, p. 177 of his Eboracum, just mentions the Earl of Danby's appearance at York. [43] Sir John Dalrymple's "Continuation of Memoirs of Great Britain." [44] Samuel Pegge. [45] Whittington Moor. [46] Earl of Devon, Earl of Danby, and Mr. John D'Arcy. [47] Birth-day of the Rev. Samuel Pegge, 1704. [48] Father Paul. [49] "The Committee appointed by the Lords and Gentlemen at the last Chesterfield Races, to conduct and manage the Celebration of the intended Jubilee, on the Hundredth Anniversary of the glorious Revolution, at the Revolution House in Whittington, in the County of Derby, where measures were first concerted for the promotion of that grand constitutional event, in these midland parts, have this day met, and upon consideration, come to the following resolutions: That General Gladwin do take the chair at this meeting. That the Rev. Samuel Pegge be requested to preach a Sermon on the occasion, at Whittington Church, on the 5th day of November next. That the Gentlemen who intend to honor the meeting with their company, do assemble at Whittington Church, exactly at eleven o'clock in the forenoon of that day to attend divine service. That immediately after service, they meet at the Revolution House, where a cold collation will be provided. That they go in procession from thence to Chesterfield, where ordinaries will be provided at the Angel, Castle, and Falcon inns. That the meeting be open to all friends of the Revolution. That letters be written to the Dukes of Devonshire and Leeds, and the Earl of Stamford, to request the honour of their attendance at that meeting. That there be a ball for the Ladies in the evening at the Assembly Room in Chesterfield. That a subscription of one guinea each be entered into for defraying the extraordinary expenses on the occasion, and that the same be paid into the hands of Messrs. Wilkinson's, in Chesterfield. That the Committee do meet again on Wednesday the 8th of October next, at the Angel Inn, in Chesterfield, at one o'clock. That these resolutions be published in the Derby and Nottingham newspapers, and in the St. James's of Whitehall, and Lloyd's Evening Posts, and the London and English Chronicles. Chesterfield, Sept. 27, 1788. Henry Gladwin, Chairman." [50] Another son, Christopher, died an infant in 1736. [51] Who died in 1775, in his 89th year. [52] Who married Anne-Katharine, Mr. S. Pegge's only sister. [53] She died Oct. 23, 1807, in her 82d year. [54] A few extracts from his Letters are given in p. lxxxiii. [55] Had Mr. Pegge lived to have completed his whole design, the Title would have run thus: "Hospitium Regis; or, a History of the Royal Household, and the several Officers thereof, principally in the Departments of the Lord Steward, the Lord Chamberlain, the Master of the Horse, and the Groom of the Stole. Collected and digested by Samuel Pegge, Esq. F.S.A." [56] The History of Somerset House was with Mr. Pegge a favourite subject; and to this, with the exception of the two concluding pages, he had put the finishing hand. [57] Announced by the Author in his Introduction to Part III. and by himself very nearly completed for the press. [58] Of this Elegy Mr. Pegge printed only a few copies to be given to particular Friends; but, by his permission, it was re-printed for sale by Mr. Joseph Bradley, of Chesterfield. [59] See the "Illustrations of Literature," vol. I. p. 427. [60] The Books in the Library at Whittington had, probably, not been dusted for 20 to 30 years. [61] Mr. Gough was then Director of the Society of Antiquaries. [62] This striking resemblance of my worthy old friend Dr. Pegge, which I have often had the agreeable opportunity of comparing with the Original when conversing with the good Doctor at Whittington, is now in the possession of his Grandson, Sir Christopher Pegge; by whose kind permission a faithful Engraving from it, admirably executed by Philip Andinet, accompanies the present Publication. [63] Elizabeth, daughter of the Rev. John Bourne, of Spital, was married, Jan. 1, 1800, to Robert Jennings, Esq. of Hull. [64] Mr. John Belt, of York, Surgeon, died Jan. 23, 1800. [65] So he humourously styled the Printer's Errand Boys. [66] Henry II. [67] William Rufus. [68] See Letters concerning the present state of Poland, printed for T. Payne, 1773, Letter iii. p. 57. [69] Lord Corke's Letters from Italy, published 1773, p. 52. [70] Dr. Burney, in his Present State of Munich, in Germany, vol. I. pp. 205, 295. [71] Called Codex Wintoniensis. See Sir John Spelman's Life of Alfred. [72] Lord Lyttelton's Life of Henry II. vol. i. p. 74; edit. 8vo. [73] Domesday Book. [74] Rapin. [75] "Pro more suo, extorsit multum pecuniæ suis subditis ubicunque haberet aliquem pretextum, sive jure sive aliter." Chron. Sax. p. 187. In another place the writer says, he extorted money, "partim justè, maximâ verò ex parte injustè, rebus parùm urgentibus." p. 191. [76] Lord Lyttelton's Henry II. vol. i. p. 74. [77] Gentleman of the Bed-chamber means what we now call a Lord of the Bed-chamber; which last is a title of a late introduction. When the Gentleman was the superior, the next subordinate Officer was the Groom; which last title continues to this day. Had the first been originally called Lords, the latter would probably have been styled the Gentleman. William of Malmsbury speaks of the Cubicularius in that ridiculous instance of William Rufus's absurd profusion with respect to the price of a pair of hose; by whom, I should suppose, he means an inferior Officer of the Bed-chamber, by the rough language he uses to him; no less than calling him a son of a whore.—Filî, ait, meretricis. [78] Life of Henry II. vol. i. p. 74. [79] Dividens Familiam in tres Turmas, singulis Turmis singulos Principes imposuit; et unusquisque Princeps cum suâ Turmâ per unum mensem in Regis Ministerio Palatium conservavit. Uno mense completo, exiens ad proprios agros cum suâ Turmâ, propriis negotiis per duorum mensium spatium intendebat; et interim secundus Princeps per unum mensem, et tertius Princeps per alium mensem post illum in Regis Palatio ministrabat: ut postea propriis utilitatibus per duos menses quælibet Turma vacaret. Hâc revolutione Servorum suorum, totiusque familiæ suæ rotatione, usus est omni tempore vitæ suæ. Ingulph. Hist. p. 870. [80] Ingulph. ubi supra. [81] Princeps. Ingulphus, in eod. [82] This, I suppose, led Sir John into the above supposition about the Quarter-Waiters. [83] Spelman's Life of Alfred, edit. Hearne, p. 198. [84] Erant autem in Thesauro 60 Mille Libræ Argenti. Lib. vi. [85] Introduction to the Life of Henry II. The Reader may see his Lordship's grounds of computation in a long note on this passage. The Saxon Chronicle says, the King's Treasures were difficiles numeratu, p. 192. [86] Lord Lyttelton calling him Ralph Flambard, a Norman. Life of Henry II. vol. i. p. 87, where his character may be seen at large. [87] The Saxon Chronicle says but Eleven. [88] Matthew Paris. [89] Saxon Chronicle. [90] "Per Vultum di Lucca." See Lord Lyttelton's note, vol. i. p. 424, octavo. I have seen a private letter from his Lordship in defence of his opinion. [91] Higden. [92] "Ipse namque, et qui ei famulabantur (says Matthew Paris) omnia rapiebant, omnia conterebant, et subvertebant. Adulteria violenter, et impunè committebant, quicquid fraudis et nequitiæ antea non erat, his temporibus pullulavit." Henry of Huntingdon uses nearly the same, but rather stronger, expressions. [93] Introduction to History of Henry II. [94] Saxon Chronicle, p. 237. [95] Morem fratris sui Willielmi Regis secutus. Eadmer. [96] Aide à Fille marier. [97] Polydore Vergil. [98] Eadmer. [99] Lord Lyttelton. [100] Introduction to Life of Henry II. [101] Matthew Paris. [102] Eadmer. [103] Eadmer. [104] Pro more, as the Monkish writers say: though Henry I. does not appear to have confined himself to keep the Feast of Christmas at one place. According to the Saxon Chronicle, William I. had stated places for each Feast; and on these occasions the Kings wore their Crowns. "Ter gessit [Willielmus] suam Coronam singulis annis quoties esset in Angliâ; ad Pascha eam gessit in Winchester; ad Pentecosten in Westminster; et ad Natales in Gloucester." Chronic. Saxon. p. 190. So before anno 1085 "Rex induta Corona tenuit Curiam in Winchester ad Pascha, atque ita Itinera instituit ut esset ad Pentecosten apud Westminster; ubi armis militaribus honoravit filium suum Henricum;" p. 187. William Rufus was not so uniform. He sometimes held his Court at one, and sometimes at another; but for the most part the Easter-Court at Winchester, as his Father had done. At Whitsuntide 1099, he kept his Court for the first time in his new Hall at Westminster (Saxon Chronicle); for which purpose, I suppose, he built it. Henry I. was not regular in the places where he kept his Court, but it was held oftener in Westminster Hall than any where else, perhaps on account of its novelty and convenience in point of magnitude, or for greater magnificence. The custom of wearing the Crown during the celebration of the great Festivals was much left off, however, after Henry II. It is said to have grown by degrees into disuse after Henry II. and his Queen, 1136, laid their Crowns on the Altar, after their third Coronation at Worcester, vowing they would never wear them again. What the occasion of this vow was, nobody has told us; and Lord Lyttelton does not even guess at the reason. [105] Du Cange, Gloss. in voce Cambellanus. [106] P. 222. [107] The Dispensatores should seem to be something like our Gentlemen of the Buttery, Pantry, &c.; or such as delivered out provisions of various sorts in their several provinces. [108] The Cubicularii I have already supposed to mean the inferior Officers of the Bed-chamber. [109] The Pincernæ, Butlers,—"Pincerna, qui Vinum Convivis miscet;" Du Cange in voce: and Pincernare, he says, is "Vinum prægustare priusquam Principi propinetur;" Idem in voce. So that it seems to be what we call A Yeoman of the Mouth. [110] William of Malmesbury; "Æstimabantur denarii fere ad centum millia libras," p. 179. [111] The breach of his oath to Matilda. [112] Quâ nunquam fuerat splendidior in Angliâ multitudine, magnitudine, auro, argento, gemmis, Vestibus, omnimodâ dapsilitate. Henry of Huntingdon, Lib. viii. [113] Lord Lyttelton, from John of Salisbury. [114] Fitzstephen. [115] Idem. Vide Lord Lyttelton's Life of Henry II. vol. iii. p. 483. [116] Juncare is properly, to strew with rushes. [117] Blount's Jocular Tenures. [118] Jam quippe Curiæ solennes, et ornatus Regii Schematis prorsus evanuerant. Annals of Waverly. [119] Lord Lyttelton. [120] Lord Lyttelton. [121] Lord Lyttelton. [122] Lord Lyttelton. [123] Constable or Governor of Colchester Castle. [124] The daughter was educated by Henry with all the affection he owed to the memory of her father, and was afterwards married to a Nobleman of great distinction. [125] Lord Lyttelton. [126] A very similar circumstance happened in our times in Poland. The King, anno 1771, being shot at with arrows by the Regicides, H. Butzau, a Hussar, interposed, and received the arrows in his own breast, of which wounds he died. The King erected a monument (1773) to his memory. See the public prints of the years 1771 and 1773. [127] Speed, p. 519. [128] i.e. Short Mantle.—"Ab Infantiâ vocabatur Henricus Curtmantell, nam iste primus omnium curta mantella ab Andegaviâ (Anjou) in Angliam transvexit." Brompton, p. 1150. [129] Vide note to vol. iii. octavo. [130] Camden's Remains, p. 194. [131] Life of Henry II. vol. iii. p. 40. [132] He was not then Archbishop. [133] Life of Henry II. vol. iii. p. 311. [134] Gervas. Dorob. inter Decem Scriptores, col. 1366. [135] From Brady's History, p. 309, who cites Gervas. Dorob. col. 1410. [136] Brady, 330; A. D. 1177. [137] Consult Brady, who gives authorities, p. 344. [138] Ibid. [139] "Numero et Pondere." Brompton. [140] "Præter Utensilia, et Jocalia, et Lapides pretiosos." Matthew Paris. [141] In passing between Cyprus and Rhodes, in his Expedition to the Holy War, three of his Ships were lost, and among other persons that perished was the Vice-Chancellor, who had the Great Seal in his custody, and was afterwards found with it about his neck. Brompton. This was the manner in which the Seal was formerly carried by the Chancellor himself—"circa cujus Collum suspensum Regis Sigillum postea repertum est," are Brompton's words. [142] Sir Richard Baker, p. 73. [143] Consult the Monkish Historians. [144] Sir Richard Baker reckons this no more than a voluntary contribution, forgetting that it was one of the established Norman Feudal Aids, though now first brought forward since the Conquest. [145] Rymer's Fœdera, tom. viii. p. 610.—From Madox's MSS. n. 4486, p. 70. [146] Madox's MSS. n. 4486, p. 71. [147] Idem, p. 69. [148] Idem, pp. 22, 23. [149] Harleian MSS. in the British Museum, No 369, corrected by No 642. [150] By white lights I understand tallow candles, they being so distinguished from wax in other places: which last, I presume, at that time were yellow. [151] In the time of Henry the Eighth (as in some cases in these Orders) they used stoppages of wages in lieu of imprisonment. This was called checquing. Hence, I apprehend, the office of a Clerk of the Cheque. [152] Of this Office, and that of the Esquires of the Body, see Mr. Pegge's Curialia, Part I. [153] No 369 reads Ray Clothing. [154] Fortè Prickets. [155] Sic: but query if not Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber; they not being otherwise mentioned in either copy. [156] See the "Curialia," Part III. [157] Sic lego. [158] Tools in No. 642, in Bib. Harl. [159] i. e. granted them during non-age. [160] Fortè Tournois. [161] Sic. [162] Harleian MSS. 642, p. 177.—Rigid Orders regarding Offenders, p. 97. b. [163] Rectiùs, No. 642 reads Service. [164] See the "Curialia," Part V. [165] Shawms. [166] i. e. Maunday Thursday. [167] Perhaps Perils. [168] Lex Parliamentaria. [169] Ibid. p. 195. [170] Ibid. 197. [171] Ibid. 301. [172] See Peck's Desiderata Curiosa, vol. i. p. 51. [173] Leigh's Choice Observations. [174] Leigh's Choice Observations, p. 151. [175] Churchill, in his Divi Britannici, gives a Lion and a Griffin. [176] Vide Camden's Remains. [177] Chronicle, p. 693. [178] Mortimer's Dictionary, in voce Sacred. [179] Mortimer's Dictionary. [180] Platina. [181] Bolingbroke, on the Study of History, p. 22. [182] Obiit 1214. Query if not the same as Alphonsus above? [183] Warton's History of English Poetry, p. 133. [184] See the story at large in Granger, from Dr. Charles Goodall's Works. [185] See Mezeray. The name of this person was Lancinet. [186] Browne's "Adenochoiradelogia," 1684. See hereafter, under Charles II. [187] Davies, ii. 181. [188] Louis XVI. of France went through this ceremony, as appears from the Formule of his Coronation, published at the time, A. D. 1775. Louis XV. touched no less than 2000 persons, and Louis XIV. upwards of 2500. Gemelli(the famous Traveller) gives an account of 1600 persons being presented for this purpose to Louis XIV. on Easter Sunday 1686. Every Frenchman received 15 sous, and every Foreigner 30. In "De mirabili Strumas Sanandi vi solis Galliæ Regibus Christianissimis Divinitus concessa. Authore Andreâ Laurentio, Regis Consiliario et Medico Primario, 1609," is a very curious Print, representing King Henry IV. touching for the Evil; in which are introduced many Patients and Officers of the Court. The French confined their expression to the word Touch, though we use the term Heal. [189] See Browne. [190] Dr. Plot, in his Natural History of Oxfordshire, c. 10, § 125, Plate 16, No. 5, gives a Drawing of the Touch-piece, supposed to have been given by Edward the Confessor. The ribbon, he says, was white. [191] Stowe's Annals, p. 98. [192] See the "Decem Scriptores." [193] Mr. Browne likewise believes that several blind persons were restored to sight by King Charles II. [194] See Davies, ii. 180. [195] Barnes's History, b. ii. ch. 7. sect. 5. [196] Book iv. p. 154. [197] Id. in eod. [198] In the Ceremonial, the King crossed the Sore of the Sick Person, with an Angel-Noble. [199] Polydore Vergil, p. 143. Basil edit 1546. [200] The late truly venerable Bishop Percy. [201] Notes to p. 334.—This Ceremony of consecrating the Cramp-Rings will be added to this account of the King's Evil. See Appendix, No. III. [202] Fuller's Church History of Britain, book vii. p. 425. [203] Browne, book iii. p. 124. [204] Browne in eod.; and Tooker's "Charisma," ch. 6. [205] Strype's Annals, iv. p. 394. [206] Davies, ii. 179. [207] By a Proclamation, March 25, 1616, it appears that the Kings of England would not permit patients to approach them during the summer. [208] The following interesting remarks on this subject were communicated to Mr. Nichols, in 1781, by the learned and very ingenious Dr. Aikin. "Though the superstitious notions respecting the cure of the King's Evil by the Touch of our English Kings are probably at present entirely eradicated, it is still a curious and not uninstructive object of enquiry, by what means they were so long supported, and by what kind of evidence they have been able to gain credit even in the dawning of a more enlightened period. The testimony of Richard Wiseman, Serjeant-Surgeon to King Charles I. has been alleged as one of the strongest and most unexceptionable in favour of the Touch. He was a man of the greatest eminence in his profession; and his Works (collected in a folio volume, intituled, "Several Chirurgical Treatises, by Richard Wiseman, Serjeant-Chirurgeon, 1676") bear all the marks of an honest and upright disposition in their author. On the subject of the Royal Touch he delivers himself in the following strong and unequivocal terms: 'I myself have been a frequent eye-witness of many hundreds of cures performed by his Majesty's Touch alone, without any assistance of Chirurgery; and those many of them such as had tired out the endeavours of able Chirurgeons before they came thither. It were endless to recite what I myself have seen, and what I have received acknowledgments of by letter, not only from the several parts of the Nation, but also from Ireland, Scotland, Jersey, and Guernsey.' The question which will naturally arise upon this passage is, Did Wiseman really believe what he asserted, or was he knowingly promoting an imposture? Both suppositions have their difficulties; yet both are in some degree probable. His warm attachment to the Royal Family, and early prejudices, might in some measure make his faith preponderate against his judgment; and, on the other hand, certain passages in his treatise necessarily shew a consciousness of collusion and fraudulent pretensions. It was his business, as Serjeant-surgeon, to select such afflicted objects as were proper to be presented for the Royal Touch. In the history of the disease, relating its various states and appearances, he says, 'Those which we present to his Majesty are chiefly such as have this kind of tumour about the musculus mastoideus, or neck, with whatever other circumstances they are accompanied; nor are we difficult in admitting the thick-chapped upper lips, and eyes affected with a lippitudo; in other cases we give our judgment more warily.' Here is a selection of the slightest cases, and a manifest doubt expressed concerning the success in more inveterate ones. A little below, observing that the strumæ will often be suppurated, or resolved unexpectedly from accidental ferments, he says, 'In case of the King's Touch, the resolution doth often happen where our endeavours have signified nothing; yea, the very gummata; insomuch that I am cautious of predicting concerning them (though they appear never so bad) till 14 days be over.' From this we learn, that the Touch was by no means infallible, and that the pretence of its succeeding was not given up till a fortnight had passed without any change for the better. Indeed it appears very plain, that the worst kind of cases were seldom or never offered the Touch; for in no disease does Wiseman produce more observations from his practice of difficult and dangerous chirurgical treatment, and in not one of these did he call in the assistance of the Royal Hand. It was indeed proposed in a single instance, but under such circumstances as furnish a stronger proof of imposture than any thing hitherto related. A young gentlewoman had an obstinate scrophulous tumour in the right side of the neck, under the maxilla. Wiseman applied a large caustic to it, brought it to suppuration, treated it with escharotics, and cured it. 'About a year after,' he says, 'I saw her again in town, and felt a small gland, of the bigness of a lupin, lying lower on that side of the neck. I would have persuaded her to admit of a resolvent emplaster, and to be touched; but she did not, as she said, believe it to be the King's Evil.' Here, after allowing his patient to undergo a course of very severe surgery, he is willing to trust the relics of the disease to the Royal Touch, assisted by a resolving plaster; but the complaint was now too trifling to engage her attention. Surely the greatest opponent of the Touch will not place it in a more contemptible light!" [209] By a Proclamation, June 18, 1626, it is ordered, that no one shall apply for this purpose, who does not bring a certificate that he was never touched before; a regulation which undoubtedly arose from some supposed patients, who had attempted to receive the bit of gold more than once. [210] Rymer, tom, xviii. p. 118. [211] Id. p. 1023. [212] Browne, book iii. p. 135. [213] Sir Kenelm Digby informed Mons. Monconys, that if the person had lost the piece of gold, the complaint immediately returned. [214] Browne, book iii. p. 109. [215] One of these is still preserved in a frame in the Vestry of St. Martin's Church at Leicester, placed there by the Rev. Samuel Carte, Vicar of that Parish, and brother of Mr. Thomas Carte the Historian. [216] Browne, book iii. p. 126. [217] The Ceremony used in this Reign is given in the Appendix, No. II. [218] Observations on the Statutes. [219] Published by Command of King Charles II.; and printed by Henry Hills, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty, for his Household and Chapel, 1686. [220] "Ritualia Varia," in the British Museum. [221] A corruption of Burghwash, a little Village in Sussex, on the River Rother. See Camden's Brit. [222] The Ancestor of this Family was Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Cleveland; which Title became extinct, for want of Male Issue, 1667. The Barony passed as above. [223] See Collins's Baronage, i. 267, 272. [224] See Camden's Britannia, col. 112. [225] See Camden, for the words of the Patent. [226] Clendon is the Seat of the Family in Surrey. [227] See Camden's Brit. col. 182, as to the Family. [228] Dale's Catalogue of the Nobility, 1697, p. 72. [229] Pennant's London, fourth edition, p. 346. [230] Pennant's Tour in North Wales, vol. II. p. 436. [231] The Barony of Herbert of Cherbury was revived in this Branch in 1743. [232] Collins's Peerage. [233] Tour in North Wales, vol. II. p. 439, 4to. [234] Pennant's Journey from Chester to London, 4to, 1782, p. 127. [235] The Marquisate of Dorchester, which was in the late Dukes of Kingston, was from Dorchester, Dorset. [236] Sir Michael Stanhope, of Harington in Northamptonshire, was the common Ancestor of the Earls of Chesterfield and of Harrington; as also of Earl Stanhope. [237] At Petersham was a Villa belonging to the Earl of Rochester, which was burnt down in 1721; after which the Earl of Harrington possessed and took it for his second Title in 1742. [238] Camden, col. 57. [239] Pennant's Journey from Chester, 1782, p. 19. [240] Pennant's Tour in North Wales, 1778, p. 125. [241] Collins's Peerage, 1779. [242] See Cavendish's Life of Wolsey. Collins's Collections. [243] Bibl. Top. Brit. vol. VI. No XV. from D'Ewes's MS Journal in the British Museum. [244] Kelham's Key to Domesday Book, p. 35. [245] Vincent on Brooke. [246] Camden's Britannia, col. 85. [247] Ibid. col. 21. [248] Pennant's Journey from Chester, p. 129. [249] Camden's Britannia, col. 72. [250] Collins, in his Peerage 1735, says, that Hamlake is the same as Hemsley in Yorkshire (North Riding). [251] See Camden's Britannia, col. 315. [252] There were two Barons of this Title existing at the same time; viz. Lord Dacre of the North, and Lord Dacre of the South. Both at length centered in Barrett-Leonard Lord Dacre. [253] See Camden's Britannia, col. 14. [254] On the death of Francis Earl of Godolphin, 1766, the Barony devolved to Francis, his first cousin; and on his death, in 1785, became extinct. [255] See Peerage, 1711, vol. II. [256] For other circumstances see Mr. Pennant's Tour in North Wales, vol. I. p. 105; and vol. II. p. 187, in the corrections and additions to vol. I. [257] The Barony was conferred upon Sir Thomas Egerton by Creation in 1784, notwithstanding his claim by Descent.—His Lordship was in 1801 advanced to the Titles of Viscount Grey de Wilton, and Earl of Wilton. [258] See Tanner's Notitia.—The name is written Ridvers, alias Redvers, in Camden's Brit. col. 156. [259] East-Bourne Guide, p. 73. [260] The Baroness had taken the Name and Arms of De Cardonel on the death of her Mother in 1787. The Barony of Talbot, on the Earl's death, passed to his Nephew, though the Earldom became extinct, but was afterwards revived. [261] See Collins's Collections. [262] Consult Sandford, &c. for his Armorial Bearings. [263] Stowe's History of London, Book iii. p. 239. [264] By William Sacheverell, Esq. late Governor of the Island, printed at London, 1702. [265] i. e. Two Falcons. Dugdale's Baronage. [266] Baronage, vol. II. p. 257. [267] Brady's History of England, General Preface, p. 50. [268] Brady's Preface to the Norman History, p. 150. [269] See Blount's Dict. [270] Brady's Hist. p. 415. [271] Sacheverell's History of the Island, p. 2. [272] Manwood's Forest Laws. [273] Pennant's Tour, p. 158. [274] Ibid. p. 124. [275] Hasted's History of Kent. [276] Ex inform. Dom. Gul. Fitzherbert, Baronetti. [277] Itinerary, VI. 52. [278] Britannia, col. 35. [279] See Collins's Peerage, 1779, art. Lovel and Holland. [280] So Shakspeare has it. [281] For both the places see Spelman's Villare. [282] The Glossary to Douglas's Virgil adduces the Term from the Anglo-Saxon Slegan, interficere. [283] Nisbet's Cadencies, p. 178. [284] Idem, p, 208. [285] Nisbet, Armories, p. 199. [286] Nisbet, Armories, p. 203. [287] Douglas's Peerage, p. 547. The Scottish Writers give different Derivations of the Name of Drummond, not to our present purpose; though all seem to agree as to the reason of the Armorial Bearing of the Family. See the Works of Drummond of Hawthornden. [288] Nisbet, Cadencies, p. 191. [289] Ibid. p. 200. [290] Nisbet, p. 147. See also Hume's History, ch. xiii. [291] Nisbet, Cadencies, p. 33. [292] Cadencies, p. 196. [293] Nisbet, Cadencies, p. 202. [294] Idem, p. 203. [295] Nisbet, Cadencies, p. 196. [296] See Nisbet's Armories. [297] Nisbet, Cadencies, p. 195. [298] Marks of Cadency, p. 199. [299] Nisbet's Cadencies, pp. 91, 92. [300] This Bearing is of late introduction, as alluding to the Name; for those of the Name anciently gave for Arms "Gules, a Fess Ermine;" and another Branch gave "Argent, Three Stags' Heads erased Gules." [Nisbet]. Crawfurd of Cloverhill has a still stronger relation both to the Name and to his Seat; for to the original Bearing he adds Three Crows; for Crest has a Garb (or Wheatsheaf); and for Motto, "God feeds the Crows." Id. p. 57.—Like the Motto of our Corbet, "Deus pascit Corvos." [301] Buchanan. [302] See Nisbet's Heraldry, p. 138. [303] Nisbet's Heraldry, p. 414, 415. [304] See Memoirs of Ker of Kersland. [305] Becket's Murderers were Four Barons, and Knights, no doubt, of course; viz. Reginald Fitz-Urse, William de Tracy, Hugh de Morville, and Richard Breto. [Consult Lord Lyttelton and his Authorities.] [306] Peerage of Scotland, 1767, octavo. [307] Nisbet's Heraldry, p. 146. [308] Crawfurd's Peerage, in Duke of Hamilton. Buchanan, vol. I. p. 332, 333. Dr. Abercrombie, however, gives us reasons to doubt that this was the first introduction of the name of Hamilton into Scotland: though that is not material, if it was the occasion which introduced the Motto. This has no apparent connexion with the Crest or Arms, and is therefore, more conclusive. Query as to the Crest? [309] Crawfurd's Peerage. [310] Nisbet's Cadencies, p. 192. See also Douglas's Peerage. [311] Douglas's Peerage, in the Arms. [312] Nisbet's Heraldry, vol. I. p. 145. [313] Nisbet's Heraldry. [314] In rude times, such as those were of which we have been speaking, it was accounted an action of no small valour to kill so fierce an animal as a Wild Boar; being attended with considerable personal danger, for want of such weapons, offensive and defensive, as we have at present. On this account I may be excused bringing forward a parallel honour attending a circumstance of this sort, though I fetch it from the Hottentots, a people to whose very name we seem to have falsely annexed ideas, far from the truth, of every thing below the dignity of human nature, and placed them but one degree above the brute creation. On the contrary, they are represented by Kolben, who had opportunities of personal intercourse with them, and was well qualified to observe and reason upon what he saw, as a people much wronged by our unfavourable opinions of them. But to the point: their country appears to be, from its situation, exceedingly exposed to the incursions of the fiercest of beasts, lions and tigers; insomuch that a Hottentot who kills one of these animals with his own hand is deified, and his person held sacred ever after. [315] Douglas's Peerage, p. 295. [316] Nisbet's Heraldry, p. 327. [317] Gibbon's Introd. ad Latinam Blazoniam. See also Nisbet's Heraldry, p. 316. [318] Crawfurd's Peerage. [319] Ibid. [320] Nisbet's Heraldry, p. 217. [321] Crawfurd's Peerage. [322] System of Heraldry, p. 154. [323] Drake's Hist. Ang. Scot. [324] Buchanan's History, Book xiii. p. 26. [325] Holinshed's Chronicle. [326] Act v. Sc. iv. [327] Nisbet's Heraldry, p. 154. [328] The traditional Family History of this Motto is, that a Countess of Rothes (then Head of the House in her own right), riding behind a servant through a dangerous ford, had nearly lost her seat from fear; when the man, encouraging her by the words "Gryp Fast," the Countess took the advice, was rescued from imminent danger, and her life preserved. This account of the origin of the Motto was given by one of the Family to a Friend of mine; but how far it may gain credit I do not determine. [329] Nisbet's Heraldry, vol. i. p. 96. [330] Nisbet's Heraldry, vol. I. ubi supra. [331] Nisbet's Cadencies, pp. 158, 159. [332] See Nisbet's Heraldry. [333] I owe this observation to my noble Friend, and kind Correspondent, Lord Dacre. [334] So Douglas means White Man. See "Armories." [335] Douglas, p. 373. [336] Merchant of Venice [337] He cites Lib. S. Mariæ Aborum. [338] Survey of London and Westminster, book i. [339] Orig. Ital. [340] Appendix to Menage, Orig. Fr. [341] Chariot—v. Carruca in Du Cange. Used in France at the end of the Reign of Francis I. and Henry II [342] Richelet. [343] Memoirs of the House of Brandenburg, p. 222. [344] Memoirs, p. 221. [345] Nichols's Preface to Queen Elizabeth's Progresses, p. xxiii. [346] Camden's Elizabeth. [347] Biographical History of England, I. 193, 8vo. [348] Chronicle, p. 867. This Coachman's Wife had also the honour of introducing the Art of Starching Cambric and Lawn, and was the first Starcher the Queen had. Idem in eod. [349] I must here stop a moment to relate an Anecdote of the late Right Honourable Arthur Onslow, when Speaker of the House of Commons, whose ideas of travelling did not exceed the expedition of a pair of horses tugging his own lumbering State Coach. King George II. died on Saturday morning early, October 25, 1760. The Duke of Devonshire (then at Chatsworth) was Lord Chamberlain; and the Duke of Rutland (then at Belvoir Castle) was Lord Steward. Expresses were dispatched to these great Officers, among others, immediately; and the Duke of Devonshire arrived in Town on the Monday evening, though the distance was 150 miles. Tuesday and Wednesday came, but without the Lord Steward, to the utter astonishment of the Speaker, who knew that his distance from the Metropolis was not so great as that of the Duke of Devonshire, who had arrived on the Monday. "But I am told," cried he, "that his Grace of Devonshire travels at a prodigious rate; not less than 50 miles a day!" Such was the prejudice of ideas, confirmed by long habitude, in a man who never extended his journeys further than his Seat in Surrey, a few miles from London; and in Parliament time did little more than oscillate between his Town House and the House of Commons.—It was a misconception on the part of the Duke of Rutland, who understood that the King of Prussia was dead, and not King George II. I mention the circumstance, only to shew the ignorance of some parts of mankind, when taken out of their routine.—The Duke of Devonshire at that time usually ran to or from Chatsworth in about 18 or 20 hours. [350] See the French Lexicographers. [351] Northumberland Household Book, p. 127. [352] The Romaunt of the Rose. [353] Love's Labour's Lost, Act ii. Sc. 2. [354] Mortimer's Pocket Dictionary. [355] About the same period that our Hackney Coaches became in use, a sort of Carriage arose at Paris under the name of a Fiacre. I mention them to account for the term, which in the common French Dictionaries is simply rendered a Hackney Coach. [356] Voc. Fiacre. See also Menage, Orig. de la Langue Françoise. [357] English Martyrology. Moreri's Dictionary. Collyer. St. Fiacre was the Patron Saint of persons afflicted with the Piles. "The Troops of Henry V. are said to have pillaged the Chapel of the Highland Saint; who, in revenge, assisted his Countrymen in the French Service to defeat the English at Bauge; and afterwards afflicted Henry with the Piles, of which he died. This Prince complained, that he was not only plagued by the living Scots, but even persecuted by those who were dead." Smollett's Travels, Letter IV. N. B. There was a Prelate of the name Fiachre in Ireland, whose death is remembered there on the 8th of February. He lived about the same time. [British Piety, in the Supplement]. He was not a Saint. [358] It is a little singular, that neither Cotgrave himself, in his Dictionary, first published in 1611, nor his Editor, James Howell, either in his Edition of 1650, or in that of 1673, take any notice of the word Fiacre in the sense before us. [359] Anderson on Commerce, II. 20. [360] Rymer, tom. XIX. p. 721. [361] He was knighted, together with fourteen other Gentlemen of the Band, by King James, in Scotland, 1617; as appears from a Catalogue of Knights, published by J. P. Esq. 1660. [362] Rymer, tom. XIX. p. 572. [363] Mr. Reed, the Editor of the Old Plays [2d Edit. 1780], from the above account, must therefore certainly be in an error, when he supposes that Sedan Chairs were the introduction of the Duke of Buckingham, about the year 1619. [See Note to vol. V. p. 475.] Sedan—mentioned by the name only in the Life of Dr. Thomas Fuller, 1661, 18mo. p. 57. [364] Rymer, tom. XX. fol. 159. [365] Anderson says three hundred, but that must be an error; for the Docquet of the Act in Scobel says, that "the number of persons keeping Hackney Coaches shall not at one time exceed two hundred." This must apply to the number of Carriages; and so Sir William Blackstone understood it. Commentaries, vol. I, 4to. [366] See the Act in the Statute Book. [367] Anderson, II. 115. Journals of the House of Commons. Blackstone. [368] By Monthly Payments. [369] The Figures of the Chairs are too small and inconspicuous; there should be one both on the outside and inside of each. [370] By Quarterly Payments. Thus the Power of the Commissioners over the Chairs arose before that over the Coaches. [371] Some Lawsuits having arisen from this Clause, it was explained by a short Act of the 12th year of the Queen (1713), subjecting such Widows to the same Rules, Penalties, &c. made, or to be made, as any acting Chairman. And thus it continues to this day; for the owner of a Figure, as it is called, is answerable for certain faults of his or her assignee. [372] Turned afterwards into a mulct. [373] Restrained by a subsequent Act. [374] The MS here ends abruptly.—On the subject of Chairs, however, see Acts 3 Geo. I. chap. 7; 16 Geo. II. chap. 26; 20 Geo. II. chap. 10; 30 Geo. II. chap. 22; 33 Geo. II. chap. 25. [375] See Walpole's Royal and Noble Authors, vol. i. p. 131. So Shakspeare, Richard II. act v. sc. 2. [376] Mistress of the Sweet-Coffers, occurs in the Old Establishments. The present Queen (Charlotte) has her Gloves kept in a perfumed box. [377] See "The Life of Corinna," or Mrs. Elizabeth Thomas, Jun. Printed in 1731. [378] Mr. Snetzler. [379] Cowell's Interpreter. See also Blount's Glossary, in voce. [380] The Executions, on ordinary occasions, were removed from this memorable place, and were performed in the street of the Old Bailey, at the door of Newgate. This was first practised on the 9th of December 1783. See the printed account. Every of these Executions, I was told by Mr. Reed, 1785, is attended with an expence of upwards of nine pounds. Twenty persons were hanged at once in February 1785. [381] Madox's History of the Exchequer, ii. p. 373. [382] Vol. ii. p. 399. [383] These Arms actually appear in Edmondson's Body of Heraldry, annexed to the name of Brandon, viz. the Arms of Arragon with a difference, and the Arms of Brabant in a Canton. [384] Act ii. sc. 1. [385] Vol. ii. p. 163. [386] The Hangman was known by the name of Gregory in the year 1642, as we learn from the Mercurius Aulicus, p. 553. [387] History of London, vol. II. p. 74. [388] Rapin. See also Bale's Life and Trial of Sir John Oldcastle. St. Giles's was then an independent Village, and is still called St. Giles's in the Fields, to distinguish it from St. Giles's, Cripplegate; being both in the same Diocese. [389] Mr. Ray, in his Itinerary, gives the Fractional Parts of the Scottish Penny. [390] The Proclamation may be seen in Strype's Annals, vol. IV. p. 384; where the Mark-Piece is valued exactly at Thirteen Pence Halfpenny. [391] Coriolanus, Act i. Sc. 8. [392] More's Life of Sir Thomas More, p. 271. [393] Stat. 13 Edward I.