INDEX.

Absolution to deceased official, [106].

Acharya Ami, his Svarasvat Vyakarana, [112].

Ailurus ochraceus in Sikkim, [2].

Allowance, for officials travelling, [51], [52];
to monks, [79].

Almanac, preparation of, [113].

Altan Khan, first uses the name Dalai lama, [172].

Altars in front of houses in Lhasa, [148].

Amban, the senior and junior, [48];
trouble of junior with Tibetan authorities, [48], [50]–52;
inspections by, [50];
expenses for, [51];
in procession, [61];
goes to Lhasa, [63];
his power in Tibet, [178];
exactions of, [179];
his salary, [180];
disliked by Tibetans, [181];
author meets him on road, [236].

Amchi, or physician, [41], [55];
at Samding gomba, [131];
lhamo dancers, [217].

Amdo, province of, [64], [156], [196].

Amolonkha, a sacred rock, [152].

Ani, or nun, [25], [29];
meaning concubine, [48].

Animals, not allowed to be killed, [43], [76], [83].

Antelope, in Sikkim, [2].

Apricots, [7];
dried, [139].

Aprons of women, [157].

Archery, [202], [260].

Arms, of soldiers, [180].

Army, force of, [180];
how recruited, [180].

Arun valley, inhabitants of, [3];
river, [38], [39], [42];
source of river, [242];
upper course, [243].
See [Che-chu].

Aspergill, used in religious ceremonies, [137].

Asses, wild, [42], [244].

Astrologer making almanac, [113];
at funerals, [252], [253].

Atisha, died at Netang, [145];
at Samye, [222].

Aton la, [238].

Bachelor of theology, [91].

Bad luck, signs of, [265].

Balpo, or Nepalese, [68].

Bangle worn by women, reason for, [157].

Bangye-shag, residence of Phala, [85]; [149], [150], [161].

Banquet, to Tibetan general, [81], [82].

Barat, feast thus called, [59].

Bardo, period between death and regeneration, [140], [255].

Bardon, a district of Khams, [197].

Barley, near Lhasa, [145].

Bathing, house, [102];
after summer retirement, [214].

Bears, [2], [14].

Beehives, [15].

Beggars, at Shigatse, [47];
alms distributed to, [64], [68], [106];
at Lhasa, [156];
dancing, [265].

Behor, temple of, [224].

Bellows, [30].

Belung, hamlet of, [74].

Bhutan. See [Dugpa].

Birthplace of Tibetans, [229].

Black Court of Lhasa, [174].

Black-water mysteries of Bonbo, [206].

Blessing, [57], [95], [109].

Boats, of skin, [140], [143].

Bogto la, [16], [18].

Bonbo sect, [205];
their deities, [205];
high priest, [206];
mysteries, [206];
lamas, [207], [208];
moral rules governing them, [208];
tenets of their faith, [215]. [[268]]

Books, at Gyantse, [88], [90], [94];
arsenical paper used for, [111];
search for Sanskrit ones, [112];
on lama dances, [118];
written by Pan-chen lama, [120];
owned by the Dorje Phagmo, [138];
of Bonbo at Rigyal Sendar, [206];
at Phuntso ling, [209];
at Sakya, [210];
copied by U. G. at Shendar, [215];
at Samye, [222], [225];
at Sakya, [241].

Bora, the Shape, [60], [61].

Bra-gyin-pa gomba. See [Regyinpai monastery].

Bribery of Chinese officials, [52].

Bridge, bamboo, [1];
over the Rummam, [2];
over the Kalai, [6];
over Rigbi, [8], [14];
over Yalung, [21];
over Yamatari, [23];
over Yangma, [29];
at Tashi-rabka, [37];
over Nyang chu, [84];
of chains over Tsang-po, [143];
over Ti chu, [145];
over Tong chu, [204];
over Tsang-po, [228].

Brigands, [72], [129].

Broadcloth, superior quality made at Pishi Mani Lhakhang, [73];
of Tosnam-gyaling, [218].

Broth, Tibetan, [48], [72].

Btsan-tang, plateau of, [233];
lha-khang, [233].

Buckwheat, [32], [144], [145].

Buffaloes, [7].

Bur-chu tsan, springs, [204].

Burnt offerings, [203].

Butchering, Tibetan usages, [41].

Cabbages, [83].

Calcutta, goods in Tibet, [68];
goods in Gyantse, [85].

Camels, winter pasturage of Pan-chen lama’s, [72].

Campbell, Dr., badly treated, [193].

Cangue, punishment of the, [186].

Cardamom, [1], [2], [6].

Catechu, used by women to smear faces, [157];
origin of custom, [157].

Cavalry, how recruited, [180].

Cedar trees, [21].

Cemetery, at Shigatse, [65];
at Gyantse, [87];
of Lhasa, [163].

Censor carrier of Dalai lama, [167].

Chabug la, [39].

Chagpori, Mount, [145], [195], [196].

Chagri, hamlet of, [237].

Chaini, village of, [29].

Chamdang bird, [20].

Chandra Gomi, his Chandra Vyakarana found, [112].

Chang, national drink of Tibet, [8];
its preparation, [23];
drinking, [24], [70], [112].

Chang tang, plain of North Tibet, [52], [53];
pilgrims from, at Gyantse, [89];
travellers from, [119];
lamas from, [205], [207].

Chani, village of, [39].

Changachelling monastery, [7].

Charcoal, used as fuel in houses, [60].

Charity, [64], [255].

Chasag, or Chancellor, [173].

Che (or Chi) chu, the Arun river, [42], [244].

Cheese, dried, [48].

Cheri, slaughter-house of Lhasa, [146].

Chess, game of, [260].

Chethang. See [Tse-tang].

Chiakri. See [Chagri].

Chiblung, village of, [210];
valley, [243].

Chim phug, [222], [223].

Chincho-ling, hamlet of, [234].

Chinese, at Shigatse, [48];
harsh treatment of Tibetans, [51];
aid Tibetans against Sikhs, [53];
arrogance of, at Shigatse, [55], [63];
in procession, [60];
cemetery at Shigatse, [65];
in Gyantse, [85], [86];
cemetery at Gyantse, [87];
in Lhasa, [148], [150];
political relations with Tibet, [178], [192], [193], [194];
Chinese at Samye, [222];
at Tse-tang, [230].

Chitishio Jong. See Kideshor.

Cho, village of, [235].

Choigyal rabtan, ruler of Nyang, [87];
books about him, [88];
his statue, [89].

Choi-khor-tse. See [Chong-khor monastery].

Choilung monastery, [87].

Cho-kanchanjinga, [21], [23].

Choma, an edible root, [125].

Chomo Kankar mountain, [20], [242].

Chongdu-chog lamasery, [234].

Chong-khor monastery, [217].

Chong la. See [Shong la].

Chonjom, on the Ringbi, [14].

Chopsticks, used by Tibetans, [82].

Chorka, part of Dobta djong, [244].

Chorten, [3], [7], [30], [32];
at Tashilhunpo, [45];
at Gyantse, [88];
great ones in Tibet, [9];
at Potala, [168];
of Bonbo, [206];
at Samye, [222];
at Jong, [227];
made of human ashes, [257].

Chorten-gang, [3].

Chorten Nyima river, [40]. [[269]]

Chosthor-gyal phodang. See [Phodang djong].

Chos-gya, in Kong po, [161].

Choskhor-lhunpo monastery, [242].

Chu lonkyok. See [Chum-bok la].

Chum-bok la, [17], [18], [19].

Chumbi, [73];
traders from, at Shigatse, [104].

Chumig-gang, hamlet of, [145].

Chumo-lha ri, [87].

Chung, a name of Limbus, [3].

Chung Rivoche, [143].

Chunjorma mountain, [21], [22].

Chu-sho, village of, [242].

Chu-shu, brook, [242].

Chu-shul djong, [144].

Chuta, village of, [43].

Chuta Chyangma, village of, [72].

Chyabtam lama, tells a rich man how to escape evil birth, [64].

Chyag-dso-pa, or Treasurer, [80], [94], [95].

Chyag-na dorje, the god, [153];
miracle working image of, [153].

Chyag-tsal gang, place of prayer-meeting, [198], [199].

Chyamba, the future Buddha, [152].

Chyang chu, village of, [70], [102], [124], [125].

Chyang-chub gya-lam, [33].

Chyangjob, household officer of Panchen lama, [55].

Chyasa lha-khang, sanctuary, [234].

Chyi-khyab Khanpo, or Prime Minister, [173].

Chyi-lon Hutuketu. See [Minister].

Chying-sang, a name given the Kalon, [174].

Chyugpo mepang family, [39].

Chyugpu Shung, plateau of, [72].

Circumambulating, [78], [88];
by Bonbo, [206], [211].

Club dance, [210].

Coin, debased, forced circulation of, [48];
exchange of Indian coin for Tibetan, [49].

Complimentary address, [31], [32], [68], [264].

Conch shell, [242].

Contracts, how prepared, [190].

Corpse thrown into Lake Dumo, [139], [140];
fed to vultures and dogs, [164];
to pigs, [169];
how disposed of by Bonbo, [208];
of Panchen lama, [214];
of children, how disposed of, [220];
stone on which cut up, [232], [254];
how treated on death, [252];
releasing the spirit, [252];
corpses of pregnant and barren women, [255];
of lepers, [256];
of incarnate lamas, [256];
burning of corpses, [256];
disposal of ashes, [257].

Cotton, [2].

Courier service, [177], [185].

Corvees, [182], [183], [184].

Courts, of Lhasa, [174].

Cranes, seen on Nyang chu, [72], [83], [125].

Cushions, [70].

Custom dues, [30], [31], [184].

Daba ngonpo, “blue clay,” [28].

Dab-lung, village of, [140].

Dabung monastery, [146];
by whom founded, [171];
judicial power of Abbot, [177];
revenues of, [182];
annual rule of Dabung monks over Lhasa, [266].

Dacoity, penalty for, [186];
ordeal for proving, [189].

Dahpon, or general, [51], [70], [80];
of Gyantse, [86];
where stationed, [180];
social rank of, [246].

Dalai lama, collection of hymns by, [63];
picture of the first receiving throne of Tibet, [79];
ordination of, [104];
enthronement of, [104];
palace of father of, [147];
mode of selecting, [159]–161;
discovery of latest incarnation, [161];
audience of, [165];
description of, [167];
audience hall of fifth Dalai lama, [169];
his position in Buddhist church, [170];
incarnation of Shenrezig, [171];
first one, [171];
successors, [172];
become sovereigns of Tibet, [172];
origin of name, [172];
majority at eighteen, [173];
his throne at Samye, [222];
his kitchen, [262];
mode of preparing food for, [262];
New Year’s levee, [264].

Dam-ra, or “grove in a swamp,” [149].

Dance by Tibetan girl, [108];
by professionals, [217], [262], [265];
on New Year’s day, [263], [265].
See also [Lama].

Dao-targe, village of, [76].

Darchendo, the town of, [156].
See also [Ta-chien-lu].

Darchung djong, [75].
See also [Tuchung Jong].

Darding sergo tamo temple, [206].

Darjiling, [1];
Tibetan pottery sold at, [66];
railway a danger for Chinese trade, [193];
return to, [245].

Daru, near Lhasa, [146]. [[270]]

Dates, dried, [101].

Dayan Khan, [172].

Dayan Khanpo, feared his spirit might exercise evil influence, [161];
expelled by Sakya Panchen, [240], [241].

Death, Lord of, weighing men’s acts, [93];
his image, etc., in commemoration ceremony, [203];
spirit after, [252];
period before rebirth, [255].

Deba, or chief, [70].

Deba Shikha, [70], [102], [123], [124], [201].

Dechan phodang, of Tashilhunpo, [60].

Dechan phug, haunted cave, [13].

Dechan rolpa monastery, [21], [22].

Dechen, village of, [221].

“Deceiving death,” ceremony of, [134];
life, ceremony of, [134].

Deki rabdan, village of, [70].

Demalung. See [Tamalung].

Densatil, monastery of, [226];
its founder, [227].

Deodar tree, [23], [29].

Dephu, village of, [140].

Desi, or regent, [172], [246].

Devil, burnt in effigy, [118].

Dewan, ex, of Sikkim, his influence in Tibet, [192], [193].

Dhunkota valley, [20].

Dhuramdien, valley of, [3].

Diba Dongtse, castle of, [98].

Dice used for divination, [134]; game of, [260].

Ding-naga, meadow of, [235].

Ding-pon, or lieutenant, [86].

Dipankara Buddha, [152]; feast in his honour, [199].

Divination, modes used for selecting incarnate lamas, [159].

Divorce, [250], [251].

Djari tang, [29].

Djong, or prefectural town, [177];
dso, or prefectural store-house, [177];
shi, or prefectural lands, [177];
accounts, [182].

Djim-khar, village of, [143].

Djong-nyer, or sub-prefect, [51], [176];
their number, [182].

Djongpon, or prefect, [51];
of Phagri, [73];
appeals against to Lhasa, [174];
their duties, [176], [177];
their number, [176], [182];
their salaries, [177], [182];
social rank of, [246].

Do, village of, [226].

Doche, ingot of silver, equivalent terms for, [51], [183].

Do la, [29].

Dobta djong, [210], [244];
Lachan la, [243];
mountains, [244].

Dog, mad, [76];
pariah, re-embodiment of sinful lamas, [119];
watch-dogs of Yamdo famous, [131];
kept for hunting by Panchen lama, [211].

Dogang, village of, [243].

Dogbane, [2].

Dog tsang, village of, [72].

Doi. See [Panam-gang].

Dokpas, Tibetan pastoral tribes, [52];
dress of women, [67].

Dolma, the goddess, incarnate in Dorje phagmo, [138];
turquoise image of in Ramoche, [165];
in Machig labdron, [228].

Dolmai ri, mount behind Tashilhunpo, [118].

Dombu choskhor or monastery, [218].

Dong khang, traveller’s bungalow, [13].

Dong la, [242].

Dong-sho, village of, [234].

Dongtse, town of, [45], [49];
invitation to visit, [60], [68];
leave for, [69];
arrival at, [76];
monastery of, [76];
the Kham-tsan of at Shigatse, [119];
second trip of S. C. D. to, [121];
visits it third time, [125];
fourth visit to, [196].

Donkar, village of, [146], [242].

Donnyer, a civil officer, 264;
social rank, [246];
chempo of Potala, [168].

Dora chu-tsan, hot springs, [211].

Doring, village of, [70].

Dorje jig-je, Lord of death, [126].

Dorje phagmo, incarnate female saint, [131];
tells author’s fortune, [132], [134];
performs religious ceremonies for his recovery, [133], [134], [137];
throws dice for divination, [134];
power to restrain waters of lake, [136];
tombs of predecessors, [136], [137];
her residence, [138]; description of present incarnation, [138];
peculiar habits of, [138];
incarnation of Dolma, [138];
origin of incarnation, [139];
saves monastery from invaders, [139].

Dorje-tag mountains, [35];
ghat, [219];
monastery, [220].

Dowa targya. See [Dao-targe].

Dragon-head pillars of Jo Khang, [163].

Dress of lady of rank, [121], [127];
of Dalai [[271]]lama, [167];
of Kalon, [174];
of Bonbo lamas, [207];
of hostess at Samye, [221].

Dropsy in Tibet, its treatment, [260].

Drum beating, by Limbus, [4], [11].

Dsambling gyan, tomb of Dalai lama, [169].

Dsamling gyeshe, an historical work, [62];
copied for author, [68].

Dsongo stage house, [36].

Ducks, wild on Nyang chu, [83].

Dugpa, sect of lamas, [129].

Dugpa, a name of Bhutan, origin of name, [129].

Dugpa-kunleg, saint of the red hat lamas, [92], [94].

Du khang, or congregation hall, [78], [79], [95].

Dukpa-nagpa, old Shaman town, [75].

Du la, [15], [16].

Dumo tso, or Devil’s lake, [136].

Dung khor, civil officer, [75], [145];
their number, how chosen, [175];
their salaries, [176];
social rank, [246].

Dung-yig, or clerk, [67];
social rank, [246].

Dye plant, [213].

Dyspepsia, its varieties, [260].

Dzo, a weight, a tenth of a srang, [150].

Earring, [24], [30], [82].

Earthquakes, destroy Samye, [225].

Eclipses, religious ceremonies when they occur, [261].

Eggs, not eaten by lamas, [98].

Elephant, sent by Rajah of Sikkim to Lhasa, [100];
difficulty of road for, [144];
shed at Lhasa, [169].

Eleusine coracana. See [Murwa].

Embalmment, [214], [256].

Emperor of China, worship of, [60];
ratifies appointment of regent, [173].

Epidemic, annual, at Lhasa, [259].

Estates, great ones of Tibet, [183].

Exorcising evil spirits, [101].

Fable, the leopard and the ass, [198].

Feasts, [25]th of [10]th month, [56];
of new moon, [64], [106];
given general at Dongtse, [81];
New Year’s day, [107], [112], [120];
pre-Buddhist feast, [108];
on date of Buddha’s death, [150];
prayer-meeting in June, [198], [199];
15th of [8]th moon, [199];
July [19], great holiday, [201];
harvest, [214];
midsummer, [261];
annual feasts, [261].
See also [New Year].

Feylep valley, [20].

Fines, in lieu of punishments, [187].

Fir trees, [218].

Fish, let loose as charity, [134];
not eaten for a year by order of Dalai lama, [141];
used as manure, [220].

Fishing, [2], [6].

Flagpoles, [149], [151].

Floor, made of mosaic, [78].

Flutes, [57], [108].

Fog, [234].

Foreigners, policy of Tibet regarding, [181], [192].

Fortune telling, [132], [134];
forbidden, [212].

Fossils, as relics in temple, [227].

Foxes, [39], [245].

Funeral, feast, [68], [257];
rites of Bonbo, [208];
of Panchen lama, [214];
persons forbidden to be present at, [253], [254];
ceremonies, [254], [255].

Gadan, monastery of, its revenues, [182].

Gadan Gyahu, the usurper, [75].

Gadan khangsar, palace of, [172].

Gadan namchoi, birthday of Tsongkhapa, [56].

Gadan namgyal-ling, sanctuary of, [233].

Games, [260].

Gampo, or elder, [52].

Gandan Chakhang in Gyantse, [84];
chapel in, [85], [89];
description of, [91].

Gang. See [Panam-gang].

Gar, attacked by the Sikhs, [53].

Garden, at Jorgya, [73];
near Dongtse, [99];
party, [201].

Gar, General of King Srong-btsan, [168].

Garpon, or governor of fortress, [53].

Garrison of Gyantse, [86].

Gartok, [70].

Ge river, [38].

Ge-chung, village of, [237].

Gedun-dub, founder of Tashilhunpo, [114];
juniper tree grown from his hair, [119];
reincarnate in first Dalai lama, [171].

Gedun-gyatso, the Tale lama, [63];
becomes head of Dabung monastery, [171];
first Dalai lama, [171];
monastery founded by, [226].

Geese, wild, on Nyang chu, [83].

Gelong, or priest, [59];
ordination of, [120], [126].

Gelugpa Church, feasts of, [56];
image of [[272]] its supreme Buddha, [89];
forbid use of wine, [90].

Gen-gang, boundary of Sikkim, [245].

Geru, village of, [244].

Gingu la, [75].

Glak-los, wild people, [258].

Goat, wild, in Sikkim, [2];
at Karma, [42];
stuffed at Gyantse, [91];
wild, near Yamdo tso, [140];
near the tsomo Tel-tung, [244].

Gods, of land and mountains, [32].

Goitse, at Kangpa-chan, [23];
in other parts of Tibet, [258];
treatment of, [258].

Gojogs, a mendong at Gyantse, [87].

Gok, village of, [1].

Golab Sing, his war with Lhasa, [53].

Golden jar, used for selecting Dalai lama, [160].

Golog, their country, [196];
their customs and religion, [197];
kissing among them, [197].

Gondang-tangme, valley of, [231].
See also [Yarlung].

Gongkhar, djong, [218], [235];
mountains, [235].

Gon-po, the god, [169].

Gonpoi ri, [229].

Good luck, sign of, [166];
how insured for the year, [264];
dance, [264];
signs watched for on New Year’s day, [265].

Greyhound, [99].

Guilt offering ceremony, [263], [264].

Guma shara, village of, [37], [38].

Gumo tang, [16].

Gungri gung-btsan, Prince, [168].

Gure, village of, [243].

Guring tribe of Limbus, [20].

Gushi Khan, the conqueror of Tibet, [79].

Gya, or Chinese, [52].

Gya-bum gang, square of, [155].
See also [Tomse-gang].

Gyade country, [205].

Gyal-tsab, or regent, [172].
See also [Desi].

Gyampo, or elder, [176].

Gyantse djong, [63];
general at, [80];
town of, [80];
author wishes to visit it, [81];
description of, [84];
market at, [85];
ancient province of, [87];
climate of, [88].

Gyapon, or captain, [86].

Gyarong, the district of, [76];
lamas from, [205].

Gyatso-shar, village of, [70], [196], [200];
beauty of, [201].

Gyatu-ling, village of, [235].

Gyerpal, village of, [234].

Gyunsar, village of, [23], [27].

Haboi ri of Samye, [221], [224].

Hailo, village of, [140].

Hall, of worship, [57];
of departed saints, [214].

Hamdang Kham-tsan, [73].

Hares, [20], [39], [83], [144].

Harman, Captain, [26], [41].

Harvest, lucky day to begin it, [213].

Hat, [30], [40];
of lamas, [69];
worn in lama dances, [114];
taking off, [31], [95], [107];
felt, [203].

Hayagriva, [22], [137].

Headdresses, of Tibetan women, [38], [55], [67], [85], [221];
origin of, [157];
peculiar of the Dungkhor, [176];
value of, [200].

Hermits, [228], [232].

Hi, range, vegetation on, [4];
village of, [5], [7];
view from pass (Hi la), [5].

Hooker, Dr., meets Phurchung, [22];
attempt to enter Tibet, [192], [193].

Horba, met at Tos nam-gyaling, [218];
bring salt to Samye, [226].

Horn, [57].

Horses, richly ornamented, [52];
hoof revered, [114], [116].

Hoshang Dharma-tala, the, [115].

House, in Tashilhunpo, [45], [46];
no chimney, [60];
outside decoration, [69], [72];
interior of, at Tashigang, [74];
at Kye-pa Khangsar, [96];
of lama at Samding, [132], [135];
of noble at Lhasa, [150], [162];
ceremonies for consecrating new home, [202], [203].

Hydrophobia, treatment of, [257].

Iago, village of, [43], [75].

Illumination, of Tashilhunpo, [56].

Images, holy, at Dongtse, [78];
at Gyantse, [89], [90];
metal out of which made, [100];
painted on rocks, [142], [145];
in Jo khang at Lhasa, [151], [152], [153], [157];
in Potala, [168];
at Ombu lha-khang, [230].

Impostor, claims discovery of sacred volumes, [94].

Incarnate lama, [56];
college of, [57];
received as novice, [57];
female one, [131];
(see [Dorje phagmo]), degraded for [[273]]adultery, [133];
mode of selection of, [159], [160], [161].

Indian corn, [1], [7], [8], [24], [29].

Inoculation of small-pox, [257].

Inscription, relating to founding of Tashilhunpo, [114];
gigantic, on rocks, [123];
on stone in Tibetan and Chinese at Lhasa, [148], [151].

Interest on money, [190], [191].

Invocation to mountain deities, [5], [18].

Irrigation, [39];
canals, [72], [73], [76].

Isa, village of, [76].

Jah-hu tang, parade ground, [65].

Jail, horrors of Tibetan, [186].

Jaisang Teba, the Desi, [172].

Jang, village of, upper and lower, [144].
See also [Jong].

Je Kadub rinpoche, Bon high priest, [206].

Je la, [205].

Jelap la, value of road, [194].

Jerong, district of, [209].

Jetsun Tinlas-tsomo, founder of Samding monastery, [136].

Jig-kyong, camp of, [238].

Jong, village of, [226], [228];
temple at, [227].

Jong Luguri, village of, [43].
See also [Luguri djong].

Jongri, [21];
la, [15], [16].

Jorgya, village of, [72], [73].

Jo-vo, “the Lord,” his image, [78];
of Lhasa, [78], [151];
— khang, [149], [150];
see also [Kyil-khording];
description of temple, [151], [152], [153], [154];
second visit to, [157];
statue in, [157];
pillars of temple, [163];
copy of, at Tandub, [230].

Jungars, attack Samding, [139];
especially inimical to Nyingma sect, [141];
miracle, [141], [142];
sack Rigyal Sendar, [206];
pillage Mindol-ling, [235].

Juniper, erroneously called “sandalwood,” [13];
grown from hair of saint, [119];
along Tib chu, [218].

Juonga, mountain, [21].
See also Cho Kangchan Juonga .

Justice, courts of, [174], [177], [178];
administration of, [186].

Kabili river, [19], [21], [22].

Kabsopa, or chief clerk, [175].

Kabu la, [217].

Ka-che, or Kashmiri, [228].

Kadong, monastery of, [74].

Kadung, or secretary, [173];
their number, [175].

Kahdong monastery, [76].

Kalai river, [6].

Kalliat river. See [Kalai].

Kalon, or ministers of State, [173];
their dress, [174];
how chosen, [174].

Kal-zang zamba, [141].

Kamai phugpa, [28].

Kamab, a class of dancers, [263].

Kambachen. See [Kangpa-chan].

Kampa lacha. See [Khamba partshi].

Kang, a land measure, [86], [180], [182].

Kangchan mountain, [15];
river, [23].

Kangla chen pass, [24], [29], [34], [35].

Kangla jang-ma peak, [18].

Kangla Nangmo la, [21].

Kangpa-chan, village of, [12], [23];
cultivation at, [24];
departure from, [27];
monastery at, [31];
valley, [22];
early inhabitants of, [26];
their fights with the Magar, [27];
road to, [29].

Kangyur, reading of, [30];
copy at Manding gomba, [31];
at Dongtse, [126].

Kang zang-po mountain, [129].

Kargya, or purwana, [176];
reserve store, [177].

Karma, a hundredth of an ounce, [184].

Karma Bagshi, a celebrated lama, [145].

Karmapa sect, old lamasery of, [75].

Karmoling, pasture lands of, [217].

Kashag, or ministers’ council hall, [174].

Kashmir, envoy arrives at Tashilhunpo, [52];
why sent, [53];
war between Golab Sing and Tibet, [53];
people of in Lhasa, [146], [150];
lax Mohammedans, [146];
man at Tse-tang, [228];
people at Tse-tang, [230].

Katmandu, [68], [228].

Kedesho Jong. See Kideshor .

Kega tsal cemetery, [65].

Kemai tsal, grove of, [147].

Kena, village of, [72].

Kesar Lhakhang, temple of Kuan-ti (Kuan-ti miao of the Chinese), at Shigatse, [52].

Keshong, village of, [205].

Keta, near the Ringbi, [14].

Khama kang tung, [28].

Ke-utag village, [217].

Khal, a dry measure, [182]. [[274]]

Khamba, [24];
their lawlessness, [47];
met near Dongtse, [76];
attack ex-Dewan of Sikkim, [87], [88];
quarrel in Shigatse market, [107];
lama, [156];
estimate of character, [156].

Khamba chyang tang, [142].

Khamba jong, [40], [50], [56], [59], [65], [216];
the Djongpon of, stops Phurchung on his way to India, [102];
return of author to, [244];
its waterworks, [244].

Khamba la, [142].

Khamba partshi, village of, [142].

Khamdo, province of, [56], [64];
lamas from, [240].

Khamedo, village of, [217].

Kham-yol, [238].

Khando phug, [22].

Khang-nyer, or house-keeper, [149].

Khang-toi shikha, in Lhasa, [92].

Khara Tedong, village of, [70].

Khatag, or complimentary scarf, [32], [49], [55], [78], [83], [95], [125], [128], [184];
red ones given by Dalai lama, [168].

Khamba barchi. See [Khamba partshi] and [Kampa lacha].

Kharnang-phu chu, river, [129], [130].

Kharo la, [129].

Khede-sho, town of, [218], [235].

Khon family, [210].

Khraldupa, or tax-collector, [177], [184].

Khunpodo village, [217].

Khyab-gong, a lama title, [132].

Khyungar, village of, [228].

Kiki-naga, residence of Panchen’s mother, [120].

Kiku-tamsa, a storehouse, [119];
pictures hung up on it, [119], [199].

Kinkab, or brocaded silk, [60], [127].

Kingfisher, or Nyang chu, [84].

Ki phug, [33].

Kirata tribes, [3], [26].

Kirong, district of, [52].

Kissing among the Golog, [197].

Kitchen of Dalai lama, [262].

Kon-chog sum, used to translate “god,” [77].

Konjo, the Princess, brings image of Buddha to Tibet, [151];
other services rendered by her, [151];
temple built by, [155];
founds Ramoche, [165];
her image at Potala, [168].

Kongpo, province of, [125], [161], [183];
goitre prevalent in, [258];
Gyamda, town of, [161].

Kongra lamo pass, [237], [245].

Korchagpa, or policeman, [148].

Kosi river, its source, [242].

Kotowing, [82], [95].

Kuchar khanpo, official of Dalai lama’s household, [167].

Ku-dag, or gentleman, [165].

Kumba karna mountain, [15].

Kunduling, palace of regent, [147];
monastery, [73].

Kunga nyingpo, hierarch of Sakya, [240].

Kunga zangbo, of Sakya, [240].

Kun-khyab ling, palace of Panchen lama, [57], [61], [211].

Kunyer, or keeper of holy images, [84], et pas.

Kurim, or guilt offering ceremony, [263], [264].

Kurma, village of, [42], [43], [211].

Kushi Khan, confers sovereignty of Central Tibet on Dalai lama, [172].

Kutuketu, a Mongol, [126].

Kyab-dvang chenpo. See [Minister of Temporal Affairs].

Kye-na. See [Kena].

Kye-pa Khangsar, minister’s house at, [94], [95].

Kyi chu, the river of Lhasa, [144], [145];
rock which keeps back its waters from Jo khang, [163].

Kyil khang Ta-tsan, [119].

Kyi-phug nunnery, [102].

Kyil-khording temple, [149], [150];
square in front of, [155];
New Year’s ceremonies at, [265].
See also [Jo-vo Khang].

Kyishong, village of, [235].

Kyoga, village of, [211].

Labrang, or episcopal palace, of Tashilhunpo, [62], [69];
full name given, [120];
at Sakya, [239].

Labrang dokpa (camp), [43], [211].

Lachan, frontier post, [40], [50], [59], [77].

Lachang pass, [84];
shortest road to Sikkim, [84].

Lachmi pokri, lake, [16].

Ladak, pilgrims from, at Gyantse, [89].

La dug, mountain sickness, [15], [17].

Lamas, at Tashilhunpo, [48];
music by, [57];
noviciate of, [57];
studies, [91];
taking [[275]]vows, [113];
early rivers, [113];
dance, [114], [117], [118], [204], [210], [263];
from Khams, as traders, [156];
officials, [176];
revenues of, [182].

Lamb skins, lining of clothing, [67].

Lampokri. See [Tama chu lake].

Lamps, lit on New Year’s eve, [120].

Lamteng valley, monkeys in, [2].

Langbu la, [38].

Langdarma, King, [153];
destroys Samye, [225].

Lang la, [237].

Langma, village of, [129].

Lap-chyi peak, [18], [20].

Larche tree, [23], [29].

Lasa, village of, [209].

Lawsuits, how settled, [178].

Lebor, a measure of distance, [185].

Leeches in Sikkim, [5].

Leopards in Sikkim, [14], [18];
snow leopards, [20];
stuffed at Gyantse, [91].

Lepchas, their fishing, [2];
mode of killing monkeys, [2];
notices on, [5];
priests, [6];
marriage, [6];
burials, [6];
no religion, [7];
paradise, [21].

Leprosy, its cause and treatment, [259], [260].

Letter writing, difficulty in Tibetan, [49].

Lha-bab ri, sanctuary of, [232].

Lhacham, or lady of rank, [121];
stops at Nangartse, [130];
her drawing-room, [161]
arranges audience with Dalai lama for S. C. D., [165];
to whom title given, [174].

Lhadong, village of, [210].

Lhagpa-tsering, the charity of, [64].

Lhakha, peak of, [38].

Lha khang, or temple, [31].

Lhalu, the Shape, [51], [66].

Lhamo sung chyong-ma, oracle of, [173], [211].

Lhari-zim phug, monastery, [88];
books at, [88].

Lhartse djong, [209].

Lhasa, tribute sent it by Kashmir, [52];
its war with Kashmir, [53];
stops travel to and from India, [63];
road to, best season to travel, [85];
enforces strict rules as to foreign travel, [103];
protests against Panchen taking vow of monkhood, [120];
S. C. D. advised not to stay long at, [128];
first view of, [145], [146];
enters city, [147];
description of streets, [148], [149], [150];
filth in streets, [155];
view of from Potala, [166];
author leaves, [195].

Lhasre, a title, [126];
to whom given, [174].

Lha-tsun, Buddhist saint, legend connected with, [21];
lived at Manding gomba, [30], [31];
founded Dongtse gomba, [78];
books concerning, [88].

Lhena djong, [72].

Lhimpotse, village of, [237].

Lhokha country, [216].

Lholing, village of, [66].

Lhopas, Southerns, [21];
various kinds of, [125];
marriage customs of, [125];
raid country round Lake Palti, [216].

Limbudu, country of the Limbu, [3], [4].

Limbus, their fishing, [2];
tilling, [3];
early habit at, [3];
called Chung by Lepchas, [3];
houses, [3];
customs, [4];
cultivation, [6];
priests, [6];
physicians, [7];
woman, [9];
marriages, [10];
divination, [11];
use khatag, [12];
burial services, [12];
a Limbu legend, [20].

Ling, the four great of Lhasa, [173];
of Samye, [222].

Ling, village of, [217].

Lingbo chen. See [Lhimpotse].

Lingcham, village of, [5], [7].

Lingkor, circumambulation, [87];
of Lhasa, [169].

Lithographic press, brought to minister, [50], [59];
fear it might spread small-pox, [105];
first printing on, [107].

Lito phug, division of Gyantse, [87], [91].

Lobding, country place of minister, [70].

Logang ferry, [228].

Loh-bu Jong. See [Ling].

Lomba hills, [221].

Lora, village of, [242].

Luguri djong, [43], [211].
See also [Jong Luguri].

Lu khang, or “snake house,” of the Jo khang, [163];
palladium of Tibet preserved in, [163].

Lumber for Lhasa, [221].

Lungkyong chu, [29].

Lungmo la, [14].

Lung ta, or “wind horse,” [149];
keeps off leprosy, [259].

Lupa gyaltsan, a friend of author’s, [50], [104], [107]. [[276]]

Machen, or chief cook, [45].

Machig labdron, saint, [227], [228].

Magar tribe, [26].

Mahakala, a patron god, formerly Matrankaru, [139].

Maitreya, image of, at Gyantse, [90];
at feast at Shigatse, [199];
worship of, [200].

Mamo, the goddesses, or she-devils, [22];
towers sacred to, [76];
images of, [99].

Manda phug, [22];
la, [22].

Manding monastery, [29], [30];
its importance, [31].

Manidara, [3].

Mantra (charms) recited, [34], [41];
author not proficient in, [59];
continual repetition of, [90].

Mapham, lake, [53].

Map-ja, village of, [242].

Magpon, or general, [178].

Mang ja, or “general tea,” [132], [133], [205].

Mani lhakhang, or prayer wheel temple, [73], [74], [76];
of Tashilhunpo, [119].

Market of Shigatse, provisions brought, [69].

Markham, the province of, [76].

Marmots, [242].

Marriage ceremonies of Bonbo, [208];
customs of Tibet, [247]–250;
forbidden degrees of consanguinity, [251];
polyandric, [251], [252].

Marsh, near Lhasa, [146].

Mastiffs, chained before gate, [70];
stuffed at Gyantse, [91].

Matrankaru, the demon, [138];
destroyed by Tamdrin, [139].
See also [Mahakala].

Maudgalyayana, disciple of the Buddha, [152];
his bill preserved at Lhasa, [152].

Mayaphug, [29].

Me agtsoms, King, orders the Tsang-po to be whipped, [221].

Meals, at Tashilhunpo, [46], [48], [49];
supplied tailor, [62];
with the Deba Shikha, [71], [72];
of high officials, [82];
with minister, [83], [98], [99];
with Lupa gyaltsan, [107].

Medicine, given by S. C. D. to Tibetans, [41], [54], [98];
bought at Darjiling, [42];
given to Tibetan lady, [121];
given him by the Dorje phagmo, [132], [133];
by lamas, [134];
used by Tibetans, [257].

Melung, village of, [217].

Mende, village of, [41].

Mendong, or stone piles, [3], [4], [15], [32], [64], [69], [87];
of Bonbo, [206].

Mice, tame in chapel, [159].

Mikyod dorje, the god, [155].

Milarapa, saint, a legend concerning, [153], [154].

Militia, Tibetan, [40];
commanded by Amban, [178];
how recruited, [180].

Mindol-ling lamasery, [234], [235].

Minister, Prime, [173];
Council of Ministers, [173];
duties of, [173], [174].

Minister of Temporal Affairs of Tsang, [41], [51];
letter to, [49];
his country house at Lobding, [70];
receives author at Dongtse, [76];
his literary work, [78], [80];
talk with author, [80];
learns to write Roman characters, [81];
learning English, [83];
his mother visits him, [94];
exorcises evil spirits, [101];
wants to learn surveying, [101];
promises to facilitate author’s journey to Lhasa, [101];
promises to send S. C. D. to Lhasa, [106];
studies with author, [108];
speaks Mongol, [109];
interest in astronomy, [109];
views on stars, [110];
lodges S. C. D. in his residence, [110], [111];
does not eat in the afternoon, [112];
speaks of Panchen of S. C. D., [120];
ordains priests, [120];
S. C. D. takes leave of, [128];
stricken with small-pox, [169], [196];
writes in Roman character, [202].

Mint of Lhasa, [171].

Mipon, or headman, [176].

Mirkan la, [22].

Mirkan Pandita, a Mongol, [124].

Mishmis, the, [123].

Misser, peasantry or serfs, [51];
how to be treated by officials, [177];
property of, [182].

Missionaries, feared in Tibet, [193].

Mitogang road, [2].

Mi-wang, King, his birthplace, [75].

Miza lakelet, [32].

Mongol, in Tashilhunpo, [48];
lama, failed at examination, [48];
punishment for forgery, [56];
pilgrims at Tashilhunpo, [109].

Monkeys in Sikkim, [2].

Monks, admission to the Kham tsan order, [57].

Mon lam, or prayer meeting, [198], [262], [265].

Month, fourth, the holiest, [133]. [[277]]

Mourning, signs of, [203];
on death of Panchen lama, [214], [256];
of abbots and others, [256].

Mountain sickness, see [la-dug];
tops, prayer and offering, [142].

Mudang phug, [22].

Mug, village of, [39].

Mu-li-ding-ki tso, image of new Dalai lama appears on its waters, [161].

Murder, punishment for, [187];
ordered for proving, [189].

Murmis, at Shigatse with envoy of Kashmir, [52].

Murwa, bier, [3];
fields of, [7].

Musk deer, [29];
near Yamdo tso, [140].

Nabso la, [141].

Nachung chos-kyong, oracle of, [146];
description of temple, [146];
consulted as to successor of Dalai lama, [160];
of regent, [173];
of Sakya Panchen, [241].

Nagshu chyema, [221].

Nagtsa-shar, or Black Court, [174].

Nag-wang lob-zang, the fifth Dalai lama, [169];
first sovereign of Tibet, [172].

Nag-wang lo-zang tubdan gya-tso, the present Dalai lama, [161];
description of, [167].

Naga, district of, [123].

Nagpa, or sorceress, [75], [109];
— khang, [114], [118].

Nag-wang kun-bzang, a Dorje phagmo, [137].

Na-Pematang, paradise of the Lep-chas, [21].

Nairanjana, sand from the river, [152].

Nam, hamlet of, [144].

Nambu, village of, [43];
la, [43].

Nambura, village of, [8], [10].

Namga stream, [21].

Namga-tsal, [13], [21].

Namgyal Ta-tsan, of Lhasa, [143], [168], [169].

Namring monastery, [78], [209].

Nangartse djong, [63], [129], [130], [140].

Nango ferry, [228];
la, [22], [38], [29].

Nanin monastery, [87].

Nari ta-tsang, monastery of, [226].

Naring, village of, [211].

Nartang, town of, [70], [237].

Natog, village of, [72].

Ne-dong djong, [230].

Nembotong, village of, [75].

Nepal, war with Tibet, [36];
friendly relations with Tibet, [181].

Nepalese, at Shigatse, [52];
their trade with Tibet, [68];
in Gyantse, [85];
in Lhasa, [149], [150];
in Samye, [222];
at Tse-tang, [230].

Nesar, village of, [76].

Netang, village of, [144], [145], [196].

Nettle, giant, in Sikkim, [5], [7].

New moon ceremonies, [133].

New Year’s Day, [107];
festivities for, [112], [113], [260], [262]–266.

Ngambu dung la. See [Nambu la].

Niru chu, [87].

Noga slope, camp at, [17].

Noijinhamara temple, [224].

Noi-jin kang-zang mountains, [87], [129].

Noijin norpa zang-po mountain, [129].

Non chu, [208].

Norbu gang, hamlet of, [145].

Norbu linga, palace of, [147].

Norgya Nangpa, [72].

Norpa khyung-djin, ruins of lamasery, [75], [123].

Num chu, its course, [70].

Nuns, [121];
and monks living together, [232].

Nyagpa, or sorceress. See [Nagpa].

Nya-kri btsan-po, King, [230], [232].

Nyang choi jung Nyimai odser, title of historical work, [94].

Nyang chu, [72], [73], [75];
extent and fertility of, [83];
source of, [87];
an affluent of, [101];
headwaters of, [129];
bathing in, [214].

Nyema lung. See [Melung].

Nyen. See [Nango ferry].

Nyer-tam. See [Netang].

Nyingma, sect of lama, [37];
impostor of, claims discovery of sacred volumes, [94];
nuns, wear long hair, [121];
Palti djong one of its strongholds, [141];
holiest shrine of, [232];
colour of buildings, [238].
See also [Red-hat sect].

Oath, form of, in Tibet, [107].

Offerings to gods, [78], [134];
at a haunted spot, [141];
on tops of mountains, [142].

Om-dse, or master of ceremonies, [115], [205].

Om mani padme hum, cut on rocks, [38];
when recited, [55].

Oma tang, plateau of, [129], [236]. [[278]]

Ombu lha-khang, palace of, [230];
village of, [230].

Omens, watched for on New Year’s Day, [265].

Onions, wild, [7].

Oranges, [7];
in Gyantse, [92].

Orchard, at Pishi mani lhakhang, [73].

Ordeals, [188]–190.

Paddy fields, in Sikkim, [3].

Padma Sambhava, identified with the Limbu Srijanga, [4];
image painted on temple, [76];
his birthday, [210];
his cave at Samye, [222];
his prophecy concerning Samye, [224];
driven away by Bonbo, [225];
his cell, [232].

Painam. See [Panam-gang].

Pa la, [210].

Palchen chuvori, monastery of, [143];
by whom built, [143].

Paldan lhamo, image of at Lhasa, [154], [158];
mice in her chapel, [159].
See also Srimati devi .

Paljor rabtan, house in Lhasa, [149].

Palkhor choide, great temple of Gyantse, [81];
visit to, [83];
chorten of, [84];
surveyed, [86];
by whom founded, [88];
description of, [90].

Palmistry, esteemed in Tibet, [97].

Palmoi-pal tang, desert of, [154].

Palri, [75].
See also [Pe li].

Palri Kusho, the lama, [88].

Palti, lake, [130];
djong, [141];
origin of name, [141];
town saved by miracle, [141], [142];
passed through, [196], [236].
See also [Yamdo-yum tso].

Palti Shabdung, a saint who saved Palti djong, [141].

Panam-gang, village of, [72];
doi, [74];
district, of, [74];
djong, [88].

Panchen lama, [56];
attends an ordination, [57];
his blessing, [57];
description of, [57];
receives the Amban, [62];
punished for doubting gods, [89];
visit to Lhasa, [104];
his literary work, [118];
Lhasa Government accuses him of heresy, [118];
mode of selection of, [160];
sovereignty of Ult. Tibet given him by Kushi Khan, [172];
audience to Amban, [179];
belief he will leave Tibet, [180];
its consequence, [181];
independent spirit of, [181];
when absent from ceremonies how represented, [198];
fatal illness of, [202];
death of, [203];
cause of, [203], [204];
war of Bonbo stock, [207];
incidents connected with death of [211], [212];
his funeral, [214].

Pangang, village of, [75].
See also [Pong kong].

Pangbo la, [22].

Pangri, hamlet of, [76].

Pankor shornub, mountains of, [72].

Panza, village of, [235].

Paongtang, [13].

Parade ground, at Shigatse, [65].

Paralysis, prevalence of, [259].

Pargo kaling chorten, western gateway of Lhasa, [147], [151].

Parrot in Tashilhunpo, [112].

Passport, [62], [67], [77];
severe rules enforced at Khamba djong, [102];
given Ugyen-gyatso, [109], [110];
duties of officials concerning, [177];
from Golog chiefs, [197];
given author, [236].

Patama, ferry on the Tsang-po, [66].

Patna, merchants of in Lhasa, [149].

Patsal, hamlet of, [74].
See also [Pishi].

Pay of troops, [86].

Pe li. See [Palri].

Peach trees, [226].

Pearls, sale for at Shigatse, [104].

Pema-kyod, province of, [183];
goitre prevalent in, [258].

Pema-yangtse, village of, [7].

Penagangdo, village of, [72].
See also [Peri jang].

Penam jong. See [Panam-gang].

Peru, nunnery of, [218].

Peri jang, [74].
See also [Penagangdo].

Perong shavea, hamlet of, [70].

Peurbu, or Nepalese, [68].

Phagmodu, dynasty, [159], [226];
origin of name, [226];
its old capital, [227];
village of, [226];
royal city of, [230].

Phagpa, the lama, [159], [240];
books presented him, [241].

Phagpa lha, greatest noble of Tibet, [183].

Phagri djong, [63];
road to and from Gyantse, [87];
traders from at Shigatse, [104];
pass, [109].

Phala, the Dahpon, [80];
reception of at Dongtse, [81];
his home in Lhasa, [85], [149], [150];
a friend of the minister, [101];
his wife ill, [120]. [[279]]

Phamu-bub. See [Phagmodu].

Pheasants, [14], [16];
snow, [20];
green, [21], [29].

Phendi Khangsar, minister of Tsang, [41].

Pherug mountains, [34], [38], [238].

Phodang djong, [230].

Phodang marpo, palace of Potala, [166];
architecture of, [169].

Phola, village of, [75].

Phrug, or serge, [30].

Phugpa karpo, [33], [34].

Phuntso Khangsar, residence of minister at Tashilhunpo, [47], [49], [107], [108], [211].

Phunsto ling monastery, [209].

Phurchung, [2], [10], [20];
his brother-in-law, [22];
his meeting with Sir Joseph Hooker, [22];
native village of, [23];
his uncle, [24];
his faithfulness, [27];
drunkenness, [30];
gives a bond for S. C. D., [31];
his duties at Tashilhunpo, [47];
sent to Khamba djong, [60];
returns to Tashilhunpo, [102];
prepares to return to India with U. G., [110];
starts on journey, [111];
returns to Shigatse, [196];
rejoins S. C. D., [216].

Phyling, or foreigner, [102].

Pictures hung up for bestowing blessings, [119].

Pigeons, [43], [224].

Pigs, wild, [7], [14];
at Tale, [7];
fed on corpses at Lhasa, [169];
where raised, [183].

Pillars of Jo khang, [163].

Pills, magical, [30], [132], [138], [168], [202], [203].

Pishi, village of, [72].

Pishi mani lhakhang, [73], [125].

Plantain, wild, [8].

Ploughing, in Sikkim, [3];
ceremonies at beginning of, [123].

Plum trees, [226].

Pobo, province of, [258];
goitre prevalent there, [258].

Po phug, [33].

Podong-chogleg namgyal, author, [138].

Pogpon, or paymaster, [62];
of Shigatse, [86].

Poison, for killing bears, [2];
for fishing, [6];
weed near Bogto la, [16];
natives killed by, [27].

Pole, camp, [39].

Police, Tibetan, [40];
Chinese at Shigatse, [48].

Polo, game of, [260].

Polyandry, [96];
Tibetan views on, [162];
husbands not related, [216], [238];
origin of custom, [251], [252].

Pomda, town of, [156].

Pong kong. See [Pangang].

Ponpoi ri, [238].

Poplars, near Shigatse, [73];
at Aniung, [76];
at Dongtse, [95], [99];
near Lhasa, [144], [149];
sprung from hair of Buddha, [151];
along Tib chu, [218];
at Taga-sho, [226].

Postal service, [177], [185];
diet of couriers, [185].

Potala, mount, at Lhasa, [145], [146];
visit to, [166];
audience with Dalai lama at, [166]–169;
annual white-washing of, [262].

Potatoes, [23], [24], [26], [83], [98], [231].

Pottery, of Tanag, [66];
manufacture of, in Tibet, [66];
at Ring-la, [216].

Potentilla anserina, used as food, [264].

Prayer-wheels, [25];
turned by water, [28];
at Dongtse, [98];
at Tashilhunpo, [119];
at Potala, [166];
at Shari, [217];
meeting, [189], [262].

Presents, money and scarves usually used, [46], [49], [71];
made guests on arrival, [74];
to Chyag-dso-pa, [96];
to minister of rugs, serge, etc., [100];
to Dalai lama, etc., [104];
of green barley, [143];
to Dalai lama, [167];
New Year, [264].

Prisoners, cruelly treated, [49], [51], [62], [186].

Procession, to worship Emperor of China, [60];
on arrival of general at Dongtse, [80], [82];
escorts minister out of Dongtse, [95];
New Year’s, [263].

Property, exempted from seizure, [191];
disposal of at death, [255].

Propitiatory ceremonies of Lord of death, [124];
of gods of life, [133], [134];
of Tamdrin, [135], [137].

Pudding, blood, [26].

Pulo, or serge, [100].

Pungde, town of, [156].
See also [Pomda].

Punishment, of Tibetan officials, [51], [52], [54];
for forgery, [56];
for murdering lamas, [64];
of work-people, [213].

Purang, on Nepal border, [53].

Purug. See [Phrug].

Quoits, game of, [202]. [[280]]

Rachung, saint, a legend concerning, [153], [154];
his cave, [231];
monastery, [231];
village of, [231].

Radeng, Hor Dokpa from, [226].

Ragasha, the Shape, [146].

Rag-tso ferry, [209].

Ralpachan, King, [151].

Ralung zamba, bridge over Nyang chu, [129];
chong-doi, village of, [129];
til monastery, [129].

Ramoche, temple of, [155];
relics preserved at, [155], [156];
services held at, [156];
communicates with hell, [165];
relics in, [165].

Rampa, the Shape, [101].

Rampa, a food plant, [125].

Rapa-chan, stream, [27].

Rape, how punished, [188].

Rape, raised at Chu-shul, [144].

Ratna-talai Khan, [172].

Ratong river, [7], [16].

Re chu, [43], [237];
district of, [65];
road to, [75].
See also [Shab chu].

Red-hat sect of lamas, [31].

Regent, office elective, [173];
how chosen, [172];
duties of office, [173].

Regyinpai monastery, [43].

Religious services, at Gyantse, [90].

Restaurant, at Shigatse, [55].

Revenue of State, [181];
how paid, [182];
in cattle, [184].

Review of troops, [82], [178], [198].

Rhododendrons, [142].

Rice, at Ringbi, [8];
at Chaini, [29];
at Wallung, [38];
given by Dalai lama at audience, [168].

Rigyal Shendar, monastery of, [205];
description of, [205], [206];
second visit of U. G. to, [213].

Rin-chen gang, traders from, at Shigatse, [105].

Rin-chen Khadoma, the goddess, amber image of, in Ramoche, [165].

Rinchen tenwa, quoted, [13].

Ringbi, river, [8], [14];
village of, [7], [8].

Ring-la, hamlet of, [130], [216].

Rishi chorten, on Hi range, [4].

Rishi stream, [5].

Ritoi monastery, [87].

Ri-tong precipice, [75];
view from, [75].

Ri-u, village of, [37].

Rivotag, river, [217];
djong, [217].

Rogyaba, beggars, at Shigatse, [47];
origin of name, [63];
form a guild in Lhasa, [163];
how recruited, [163];
cut up dead bodies, [164];
their chief, [164];
their houses, [164], [169].

Rombuja lake, [217].

Rope, sliding down, at festival, [58], [59], [265].

Roses, wild, [142].

Rudok, attacked by the Sikhs, [53].

Rugs, made at Targye, [41], [211];
at Phola, [75];
at Gyantse, [100], [203], [213].

Rummam, the river, its source, [2].

Rungit, great, the river, [2], [6].

Rupon, or colonel, [86], [178].

Saffron plant, in pot at Tashilhunpo, [112].

Sakya, hierarchs of, their ancient domain, [87];
translate work of Sri Dandi, [112];
ordain the Panchen, [120];
visit to, [204];
roads to, [209];
arrival of U. G. at, [209];
description of, [209], [210];
— Panchen, [210];
first view of town, [238];
description of town, [238], [239];
hierarchs marry, [239];
succession, [241];
their dress, [241];
government of principality, [241];
treasures in temple, [242].

Sa-sung-pa, policeman, [148].

Sa-wang, title given the Kalon, [174].

Sa-wang Rampa, the Shape, [48];
Phala, [149].

Sakyang, village of, [7].

Sal trees, [2].

Salaries of ministers, [174];
of Djongpon, [177].

Salt, [8];
trade at Yampung, [15].

Salutation, mode of, in part of Khams, [197].

Sam ding, monastery of, [130];
arrival at, [131];
description of, [135], [136], [137];
origin of, [136];
founder of, [136];
saved from destruction by Dorje phagmo, [139].

Samdong, village of, [237].

Samdub phodang, [227].

Samye, monastery of, [215];
S. C. D. starts to visit it, [216];
first view of, [221];
library of, [222];
images at, [222];
pictures on temple walls, [222];
village of, [222];
adjacent country, [223];
sands rapidly engulfing it, [224];
temples of, [224];
history of, [224].

Sandalwood image, [169]. [[281]]

Sangri jong, [228].

Sangri khamar monastery, [227].

Sangye-gyatso, the Desi, [79], [169], [172].

Sanskrit, books found by S. C. D., [112].

Santa Rakshita, saint, [224];
driven away by Bonbo, [225].

Sarsha, village of, [70].

Satu. See [Tsamba].

Saving life, to acquire merit by, [134].

Sawe. See [Samye].

Sa-yong, headman, [238].

Sayong kong, plateau, [28];
hok, [28].

Science, interest in, in Tibet, [102].

Seal, great, by whom held, [173];
attached on property after death, [211].

Sedan chairs, by whom used in Tibet, [61], [130], [174].

Semaron, village of, [70].

Semarum la, [19], [20].

Semu, village of, [144].

Seng-chen, or lama minister, [202].

Sera, monastery of, [147];
judicial power of abbot of, [177];
revenue of, [182].

Serge, [30];
superior quality made at Pishi Mani lhakhang, [73];
presented to minister, [100];
of Tos nam-gyaling, [218].

Serkempa, or lay monk, [156].

Serpon, or collector of customs, [109].

Shab chu. See [Ré chu].

Shabdung, or page, [79].

Shabshi, village of, [217].

Shalchepa, title given the Kalon, [174].

Shalu, monastery, [72];
chu, [72].

Shamalung. See [Tamalung].

Shandung chu, [217].

Shape, minister of State, [36], [48], [51];
in procession, [61];
also called Kalon; [174].

Shari, village of, [217].

Shar Khambu district, [18], [26];
mountains of, [20], [35].

Shata, the Shape, [36], [173].

Shar-chyog Aniung, village of, [76].

Shartse college, [119];
Khanpo of, finds the Dalai lama, [160], [161].

Sharui teng, a haunted spot, offering made at it, [141].

Sheep, wild, [16], [32], [37], [42], [244], [245];
carcasses cooked whole, [42];
wild, stuffed at Gyantse, [91];
horns hung before temple, [151].

Shendar ding, village of, [205], [214].

Shenrab mivo, chief deity of the Bonbo, [205];
his descendants, [206].

Shenrezig, the god, [76];
incarnate in Tamdrin, [138], [139];
famous statue of, in Lhasa, [152];
statue at Potala, [168];
incarnate in Dalai lama, [171];
one of his favourite resorts, [229].

Shen-tang srung-lug, sect of Bonbo, [208].

Shen tsang family, [206], [207];
—lug, sect of lamas, [208].

Sherab dongbu, cited, [177].

Shetag mountains, [231].

Shetama, maidservant, [96], [150].

Shetoi, village of, [129].

Shetot. See [Shetoi].

Shigatse, town of, [43];
market at, [47], [51], [52];
people dishonest, [111];
climate, [113];
return of U. G. to, [211].

Shikya, village of, [238].

Shing donkar, village of, [146].

Shinyer, or foreman, [146].

Sho, tenth of an ounce, [184].

Shong la, [238].

Shong-mar-tse, village of, [210].

Shong chu, [242].

Shong-pa la, [242], [243].

Shugpa tang, [29].

Shulenpa, title given the Kalon, [174].

Shyati-ling, village of, [235].

Sikhs, at Shigatse with envoy of Kashmir, [52].

Sikkim, north-west boundary of, [2];
Tibetan pottery sold in, [66];
Rajah’s sister, [206].

Sing-dong, waterfall in the Tsang-po, [125].

Singing songs, [108];
birds, [221].

Singli mountains, [2], [5], [6], [20].

Singma la, [237].

Slate, wooden, used to learn to write on, [81].

Small-pox, fear of, [105], [110], [193];
in Central Tibet, [126];
at Nangartse, [130];
ceremonies for recovery, [130];
persons ill with, [143];
prayers for recovery, [146];
spread of, in Lhasa, [155], [170];
near Sakya, [238];
hospitals for, [242];
treatment of, [257].

Snakes, at hot springs, [205];
their bite rare, [258];
treatment of, [258];
eaten by Lalos, [258].

Snow, fall of, [123], [124].

Snow-shoes, [26].

Soap, substitute for, [100]. [[282]]

Social divisions of Tibet, [246], [247].

Solpon, or steward, [50];
chenpo, or cup-bearer of the Dalai lama, [167].

Sonam chuphel, the Desi, [172].

Sonam-gyatso, the Dalai lama, [172].

Songkar, village of, [220];
origin of name, [221];
la, [221].

Springs, hot, [204], [211].

Srang, or ounce, [182].

Sri Dandi, his Kavyadarsha found, [112];
minister’s opinion of, [112];
study of it by S. C. D., [113].

Srang-btsan gambo, King, his Chinese wife, [151];
image of Shenrezig, made by him, [152];
his soul absorbed in it, [153];
image of king, [153];
his stone seat, [153];
picture painted with his blood, [159];
his image in Potala, [168];
temple built by, [230], [232].

Stag, stuffed at Gyantse, [91].

Stirrup-cup, [28].

Store houses in Djong, [177].

Stove, earthenware, [60], [112], [162].

Stuffed pheasants, [8];
animals of Gyantse, [91].

Sumdongma plain, [29].

Summer retirement of lamas, [214], [261].

Sunapara, village of, [70].

Sundub phug, [18].

Surgeons, college of, at Lhasa, [195], [196].

Surveying mode followed for Gyantse, [86], [87];
minister wants to learn, [101].

Swallows, [43].

Ta-chien-lu, the town of, [156].

Tag, village of, [220].

Taga-sho, village of, [226].

Tag chhen Panda. See [Tag-tsan bumba].

Tagkar-sho, ruins of, [226].

Tagmar. See [Tamar].

Tagnag, village of, [211].

Tagong. See [Taugang].

Tag-po, birth-place of new Dalai lama, [161];
annexed to Sakya, [240].

Tag-tsan bumba, shrine of, [231].

Taimen, hamlet of, [75].

Taisamling college, [119].

Takoar, village of, [1].

Tale of the two friends who tried to deceive each other, [92]–94.

Tale, village of, [7], [8].

Ta-lung, village of, [216].

Tama chu, lake, [15].

Tama la, [22].

Tamalung, village of, [142], [236].

Tamar, village of, [43].

Tamarisk trees, [230].

Tambur valley, early inhabitants, [3], [27];
Khola Limbu, [20].

Tamdrin, the god, [22];
see also [Hayagriva];
incarnation of Shenrezig, [138];
destroys demon, [139].

Ta miran kukyab, crags, [22].

Tana, village of, [209].

Tanag, village of, [66];
estate of minister at, [125];
visited by U. G., [204];
incarnate lama at, [241].

Tanag Donphug, lamasery of, [241].

Tandub, temple of, [230].

Tang-da. See [Tanta].

Tanglung, village of, [40].

Tang-pe, valley of, [204].

Tangye-ling monastery, [149], [195];
regent taken from, [173].

Tang-tong gyal-po, King, builds bridge over Tsangpo, [143];
his other works, [143].

Tanka, Tibetan coin, [39].

Tanta, hamlet of, [217].

Tao valley, [238].

Taranath lama, early residence, [209].

Targod chyi-khang, author lodged in, [45];
leaves it, [111].

Targye, village of, [41], [211], [244].

Tarmima. See [doche].

Tarpa gang, [34].

Tashi-chos ding monastery, [24].

Tashiding hill, at mouth of Kalai river, [6].

Tashigang, village of, [74], [101], [121], [123], [204].

Tashigong, village of, [243].

Tashi-gyantsa, village of, [62], [69], [125];
description of, [69].

Tashi lama. See [Panchen lama].

Tashilhunpo, frontier of, [40];
author’s first journey to, [40];
arrival at, [43], [44];
residence at, [45] et sqq.;
beauty of, [45];
illumination of, [56];
worship of Emperor of China in, [60];
view of, [69];
employés living at Tashi-gyantsa, [69];
inscription relating to founder of, [114];
great temple of, [114], [117];
S. C. D. leaves it for Lhasa, [124];
house in Lhasa belonging to, [149];
final departure from, [237]. [[283]]

Tashi-rabka, [32], [35], [36], [77];
wall at, [36];
bridge at, [37];
traders at, [38].

Ta-tsan or colleges of Tashilhunpo, [117].

Ta-u, relay of horses, [52];
officers of the, [63];
tax, [182];
by whom due, [185].

Taugang, village of, [74].

Tax-collectors, [177];
duties and rights, [184].

Taxes, [181];
exempted classes, [182];
fixation of, [182], [183];
lamaseries exempted from, [183];
assessments, how made, [183];
on wine, [183];
on store-keepers, pedlars, [184];
paid to landlords, [213].

Tea, drinking, [24], [49], [77]–80;
“general tea,” [132], [205];
varieties at Lhasa, [159];
its introduction into Tibet, [159];
grace before drinking, [167], [168];
drinking by lamas, [207].

Teak wood pillars, in Jo khang, [163].

Tebong, village of, [39].

Telephone invented by lama, [208].

Teling, hamlet of, [76].

Temple, description of, at Dongtse, [78];
at Gyantse, [90];
at Samye, [222];
at Sakya, [239].

Temple, Sir Richard, [73], [193].

Tertalingpa family, [235].

Theft, how punished, [187];
ordeal for determining, [189].

Thorny shrub on Oma tang, [129].

Threshing, method of, [216], [218].

Tib chu, [218];
village of, [218]; la, [217], [218].

Tibgyu chu, [39].

Ti chu, [145];
bridge over, [145].

Tiger, in Sikkim, [14];
stuffed, at Gyantse, [91].

Timkra la, monkeys near, [2].

Timpon, police court of Lhasa, [174].

Tingri djong, [50], [121];
road to, [50];
general at, [80];
visited by Amban, [178].

Tingugma, village of, [29].

Tinkar la, [84].

Tinki, peaks of, [238].

Tinle-gyatso, the Dalai lama, [159].

Tisrong detsan, King, [222];
his image, [223];
founds Samye, [225];
monastery built by, [230].

Tobacco, smoking forbidden in Tashilhunpo, [119];
by lamas generally, [119].

Tobgyal, palace of, [199];
Panchen lama dies there, [203], [214].

Toilung, village of, [145].

Toilung chu. See [Ti chu].

Toilung Tsorphu, [50].

Toi Suduling, monastery of, [218].

Toitsi, village of, [143].

Toll, bridge, [184].

Tom chu, [238].

Tombs, of Panchen lamas, [56], [69], [118];
of Dorje phagmo, [136], [137];
of first Dalai lama, [169].

Tomse-gang, square of, [155].
See also [Gya-bum gang].

Tondub Khangsar, family, [55];
office at, [62];
passport from, [67].

Tondub ling, [209].

Tongbu, village of, [142].

Tong chu, [204].

Tonglo mountain, [5].

Tong-shoi. See [Dong-sho].

Tonmi Sambhota, the minister, [168].

Ton namgyalling Jong. See [Tos-nam-gyaling].

Toothache, caused by worms, [60];
its prevalence in Tibet, [260].

Torma offerings, [56], [126], [262].

Tos-nam-gyaling, town of, [218].

Tovo Metsig-pa, the god, [153].

Trade, between Lhasa and China, [156];
customs in Tibet, [191], [192].

Trap, for pheasants, [14].

Treasury of Tibet, [51].

Trees sprung from hair of saint, [227].

Troops, their pay, [180].

Tsa-khang, village of, [144].

Tsal-pa-nang, ruined village, [144].

Tsamba, parched barley meal, [40];
how eaten, [112].

Tsandan-yu lha-khang, temple of, [232].

Tsang khang, or “chief temple,” [151], [153].

Tsarong chu, [238].

Tsa tsam, [33].

Tsang, or Ulterior Tibet, [41];
generals in, [80].

Tsang-po, the river, [66];
waterfall at entry into Bhutan, [125];
first view of, [142];
bridge over, [143];
crossing of by boat, [143];
crowd near Tashi-gang, [204];
ferry at Rag-tso, [209];
passage near Kideshor, [219];
at Samdub, [227];
ferry at Logang, [228];
journey along, [234], [235].

Tsari, country of, [88], [125].
See also [Yaru tsang-po].

Tse-chan monastery, [84];
one of most ancient in Tibet, [87];
doctor from, [121]. [[284]]

Tse-chog ling, incarnate lama of, degraded for adultery, [133];
regent chosen from, [173].

Tse-chog-pa monastery, [234].

Tse-dung, or lama officials, [176];
their number and duties, [176];
linga, [262].

Tse labdra school of Potala, [176].

Tse-pa-med, the god, coral image of, in Ramoche, [165];
image at Samye, [222].

Tse-tang, town of, [228], [229];
lamaseries at, [230];
lamas from, [232];
returns to, [234].
See also [Che-thang].

Tsha-bu-na. See [Tsal-pa-nang].

Tsi-khang, or Bureau of Accounts, [175].

Tsipon, or accountant, [50], [81].

Tso chung donka, lakelets, [22].

Tso dom-dongma, lake, [17].

Tsog-chen shalnyo, his annual reign in Lhasa, [266].

Tsog-chi, village of, [75].

Tsogpon, or headman, [51], [52].

Tso khang, or hall of worship, [57].

Tsomoling, the regent, [156];
his reforms, [157];
anecdote concerning, [156], [157];
regent chosen from, [173].

Tsomoling lamasery, [157].

Tsomo tel-tung, [211], [243];
visit to lake, [244].

Tso-nag lake, [16], [17].

Tsong du ta-tsang. See [Chong du-chog].

Tsong-khapa, his birthday, [56];
lamasery, near Gyantse founded by, [84];
image at Gyantse, [90];
crown on Lhasa Jo-vo presented by, [152];
his statues at Lhasa, [152], [153];
rock discovered by, [152];
stone lamps given by, [153];
his prayer-meeting, [198];
place where he took his vows, [233].

Tsoni, in Amdo, [156].

Tsopon, or head of village, [176].

Tsorpu monastery, [145].

Tubdan, lamasery of, [204].

Tuchung Jong. See [Darchung djong].

Tu Kham, or upper (Stod) Khamdo. See [Khamdo].

Tu-lug, family of Bonbo, [207].

Tung-chen, chief secretary, [47];
goes to Dongtse, [69];
his dress, [69];
his birth place, [70];
visit to his mother, [71].

Turban, yellow, [62], [95], [99].

Turnip, [32].

U, or Central Tibet, [61].

Uddayani, dance in celebration of birth of, [210].

Ugyen-gyatso, lama, [1], [24], [27];
goes to Gyantse, [81];
his visit of Gyantse, [85]–88;
surveys the town, [86];
questions traders, [105];
sent to the Lachan pass, [105], [106];
recommends S. C. D. to friend, [107];
prepares for journey, [110];
leaves Shigatse, [111];
returns to Gyatso-shar, [196];
botanizes, [201];
visits Bonbo sanctuary, [205], [206], [207], [208];
revisits Rigyal Sendar, [213];
returns to India, [216].

Ulag, hardships on people, [51], [53], [66], [179];
given Chinese Amban, [63];
given all soldiers and merchants, [179];
definition of, [182];
by whom due, [182], [183];
who exempted, [183].

Underground monastery, [38].

Urga, the town of, [209].

Usury, [190].

Vaccine, author brings some to Tibet, [105].

Vaidurya Ta-tsan, [195].

Vajra Akshobhya, the image of, at Lhasa, [155].

Vermicelli, [59].

Visvakarma, sculptor of image of the Buddha, [151].

Wallung, village of, [24];
road to, [29];
lamasery of, [31];
district of, [36];
traders from, [37].

Walnut trees, [218], [224], [226].

Wangdan, village of, [75].

Wangdu chorten, of Lhasa, [155].

Washing hands before meals, [99].

Watchmen in fields, [2].

Water, cold, not drunk, [112].

Weather makers, [24].

Well, mode of drawing water, [73], [87], [195].

Wena, village of, [39].

Wheat, grown at Chu-shul, [144];
near Lhasa, [145].

Willow trees, [70], [73], [76], [118];
near Lhasa, [144], [145], [149];
at Tos nam-gyaling, [218];
near Samye, [224], [226].

Winds, at Shigatse, [109].

Wine, not allowed lamas, [90].

Witchcraft, spread of, [212]. [[285]]

Wolves, [36].

Women, occupied in business, [55];
their labours, [72];
sell in market, [85];
not in business at Shigatse, [85];
harshly treated, [99];
dress of wealthy, [121];
make bricks, [143];
official duties towards, [177];
when unclean, [214];
purification of, [214].

Worship, in temple of Dongtse, [78];
by minister, [95];
Kalachakra mandala, [127], [128].

Wu-tse temple of Samye, [222], [224].

Yab la, [235].

Ya-go, village of. See [Iago].

Yak, riding, [30];
bulls drive off wolves, [36];
stuffed at Gyantse, [91];
horns hung before temple, [151];
legend concerning some yak horns, [153], [154].

Yakthanga, name of Limbus, [3].

Yalung, valley, [20], [242];
river, [21];
village, [22].

Yamata ri valley, [22], [23].

Yambu, a weight of silver, [51].

Yamdo tso, [136], [216].
See also [Palti, lake], and [Yamdo-yum tso].

Yamdo-yum tso, lake, [130], [140].

Yampung la, [12], [15];
village, [15];
trade at, [15].

Yangaro district, [20].

Yang-ku tang, village of, [32].

Yangma, [16], [24], [32];
road to, [28], [29];
river, [29], [32], [33];
traders from, [29];
cultivation at, [32];
district of, [36].

Yangpung, salt dealers from, [8].
See also [Yampung].

Yangta, village of, [234].

Yanku tang, [22].

Yanthang, village of, [7].

Yarlha-shampo mountains, [231].

Yarlung, district of, [226];
its capital, [228];
inundation of, [231];
its fertility, [234];
river, [231], [234];
— shetag lamasery, [231].
See also [Gondang-tangme].

Yarsa, village of, [27].

Yaru la, [42], [244].

Yaru tsangpo, river, [41].
See also [Tsang-po].

Yurupe village, [217].

Yu-tog, zamba, [148];
school, [175].

Yong-dso chu, [16].

Zangpo-pal, hierarch of Sakya, [240].

Ze-khang shikha, village of, [232].

Zim phug, [30].

Zinan la, [22].

Zomba Lha khang. See [Ombu lha-khang].

Zorwar Sing, the Sikh general, [53].

THE END.

[[Contents]]

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[[Contents]]

TIBET
AND
THE SURROUNDING REGIONS

Compiled from the latest information

W. & A. K. Johnston, Limited, Edinburgh & London

Published by the Royal Geographical Society