FOOTNOTES
[1] The Appendix to this work contains a compendium of useful knowledge, which it is incumbent on every servant to study attentively, and which, indeed, every young person ought to be perfectly acquainted with, whatever may be their destination in life.
[2] See Laws respecting Servants. [Appendix, p. 9.]
[3] On the subject of frugality, and the advantages of saving, and of Savings-Banks, we refer to what we have already said, [page 25], &c.
[4] The multiplication table, the money-tables, and many others that are to be found in the [APPENDIX] to this work, are highly necessary to be known, and should be learnt by heart by all young servants, in the evenings, or when they have leisure.
[5] For an abstract of the law respecting character, and all other laws respecting servants, to which the housekeeper may have frequent occasion to refer, [See Appendix, p. 9].
[6] The best Directions for Marketing that are, perhaps, anywhere to be found, are given on [p. 75] and the subsequent pages; and excellent Marketing Tables for calculating quantities and prices will be found in the [Appendix, p. 1, &c].
[7] The management of the butchers’ meat, poultry, &c. when brought in, being in the department of the Cook, see instructions for that purpose, under the head [Larder], in the department of the [Cook].
[8] Further observations respecting the management and arrangements of the table, will be found in our introductory Address to the Heads of Families, [p. 14], where also will be found other useful hints respecting servants, and on other points deserving the attention of the Housekeeper.
[9] For the information of servants when waiting at table, and to save trouble to their masters and mistresses, we have given a correct list of the precedency of ladies and gentlemen, in the [Appendix, p. 34, &c].
[10] See Instructions for Carving, [p. 65], &c.
[11] Tables of precedency among Ladies and Gentlemen will be found in the [Appendix, p. 34 and 35].
[12] Correct and extensive MARKETING TABLES will be found in the four first pages of the [APPENDIX].
[13] To every quart of the strongest vinegar, add one ounce each of black pepper, ginger, shallots, and salt; half an ounce of allspice, and half a drachm of Cayenne. Put these into a stone jar, covered with a bladder, wetted with the pickle; tie over that some leather, and set the jar on a trivet, by the side of a fire, for three days, shaking it three times a day, and then pour it, while hot, on the walnuts, and cover them down with a bladder, wetted with the pickle, &c.
N. B. This pickle is the best, easiest prepared, and cheapest of any, for every kind of article.—It is also an excellent savoury sauce for cold meats.
[14] A common tea-spoon will be about a drachm, 4 tea-spoonsful, a table-spoonful, and 4 of the latter will be about a common wine-glassful.
[15] Ample Directions for Marketing, and for choosing Butcher’s-meat, Poultry, Fish, and Vegetables, with the times when best and cheapest, will be found under the head Housekeeper, [p. 75]; and extensive and accurate Marketing Tables are given in the [Appendix, p. 1, 2, 3, and 4].—Directions for the management of Meat, &c. before dressing, will also be found under the head Larder, [p. 214].
[16] The Cook will find directions for making Pastry, Pickling, Preserving, &c. at the end of Instructions to the Housekeeper, [p. 89], and the following pages.
[17] See Receipts, for these purposes, [p. 250], &c.
[18] In the absence of the housekeeper, she will be required to make tea and coffee for the drawing-room company.
[19] The Footman lays the green cloth on the table, then the table cloth, and sets the tea things, plates, knives and forks, the urn rug, &c. The Butler places the tea urn and such other things as may be ordered during breakfast, and takes all things off also; the Footman bringing and carrying them away.
[20] Lose not a moment of time in placing the dinner on the table in proper order, and let not only every dish be as hot as possible, but every plate also, else the whole dinner will be spoiled. The cook’s labour will be lost if the cloth be not laid in the parlour, and all the paraphernalia of the dinner table completely arranged an hour before dinner. An invitation to dinner at five generally means six—at five precisely, half past five—and not later than five, five o’clock exactly, so that the dinner may be served up a few minutes after.
[21] It is understood that H. R. H. the Duke of York pays Mons. Ude, his French Cook, £500 per annum.
[22] Good families generally allow the footman a proper dress of this sort, exclusive of his liveries, as it is equally creditable to both master and servant, that the livery he is to appear in, when attending his ordinary avocations, should be kept clean, and look respectable. If it were always to be well and clearly understood, between every master and the servants to whom he gives livery, what shall be the number and kind of garments, to be given yearly, or otherwise, and that to be made a rule, from which no deviation should be made, it would prevent much of the unpleasant feeling on this subject, which has frequently been found to arise subsequent to the agreement.
[23] Picture-frame makers clean them with a soft brush and strong size waters. Fly spots may be prevented by rubbing frames with garlic or onion.
[24] Fourteen pounds of hay a day, or one hundred pounds per week, with three feeds of corn a day, is deemed sufficient for a horse that is not over worked.
[25] The feed given to each horse, worked in the usual way is, a quartern of oats and a few beans, three times a day, with some chaff, or not, as may be desired. In the choice of oats, the shorter and fuller the grain the better; when bitten in two, they should be dry and mealy: they should feel hard in the hand, and when hard grasped should slip through the fingers; oats with thin bodies and long tails are the worst. When brought by sea, if they have lain long in bulk, they will have become heated, and have acquired a musty smell, to counteract which the corn dealers, when they are brought into their granaries, spread them thin on an upper floor, and turn them frequently, to cool, after which, they pass them through screens placed under holes in the floors, from the upper to the lower floors, which sweetens them much, and frequently enables the corn dealers to pass them off on inexperienced Coachmen and Grooms as fresh farmer’s oats, which latter it will always be best to buy. As horses should always be fed with fresh clean corn, it would be well to rounce them in a hair bag, which takes off all the tails and filth, and they should afterwards be passed through a sieve, to free them from dust and other extraneous matter, at the time of feeding.
The finest-conditioned horses in England are fed thus: When at grass, equal quantities of oats and old white peas; when in the stable, two thirds oats and one third old white peas.
This Indenture witnesseth, That _____ Son of ____ late of ____ , doth put himself Apprentice to ____ Citizen and ____ of London, to learn his art, and with him (after the manner of an Apprentice) to serve from the day of the date hereof, unto the full end and term of seven years, from thence next following to be fully complete and ended; during which term the said Apprentice his said Master faithfully shall serve, his secrets keep, his lawful commands every where gladly do. He shall do no damage to his said Master, nor see it to be done of others; but that he to his power shall let or forthwith give warning to his said Master of the same. He shall not waste the goods of his said Master, nor lend them unlawfully to any. He shall not commit fornication, nor contract matrimony within the said term. He shall not play at cards, dice, tables, or any other unlawful games, whereby his said Master may have any loss. With his own goods or others, during the said term, without licence of his said Master, he shall neither buy nor sell. He shall not haunt taverns nor play-houses, nor absent himself from his said Master’s service day or night unlawfully; but in all things, as a faithful Apprentice, he shall behave himself towards his said Master, and all his, during the said term. And the said Master in consideration, of ____ his said Apprentice in the same art which he useth, by the best means that he can, shall teach and instruct, or cause to be taught and instructed, finding unto his said Apprentice, meat, drink, apparel, lodging, and all other necessaries, according to the custom, of the City of London, during the said term. And for the true performance of all and every the said covenants and agreements, either of the said parties bindeth himself unto the other by these presents. In witness whereof, the above named to these Indentures, interchangeably have put their hands and seals, the ____ day of ____, in the ____ year of the Reign of our Sovereign, ____ of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, ____ Defender of the Faith, and in the year of our Lord, &c.
| TEMPERANCE. | |||||||
| 70 - | Water | Health and Wealth. | |||||
| 60 - | Milk and Water | Serenity of Mind. | |||||
| 50 - | Small Beer | Reputation, long Life, & Happiness. | |||||
| 40 - | Cider and Perry | ||||||
| Cheerfulness, Strength, and Nourishment, | |||||||
| 30 - | Wine | ||||||
| when taken after meals, and | |||||||
| 20 - | Porter | ||||||
| in moderate quantities. | |||||||
| 10 - | Strong-Beer | ||||||
| 0 - | |||||||
| INTEMPERANCE. | |||||||
| Vices | Diseases. | Punishments. | |||||
| 10 - | Punch | Idleness and | Sickness, Puking, and | ||||
| and | Trembling of the Hands | Debt; | |||||
| Peevishness. | in the Morning; | ||||||
| 20 - | {Toddy and | Black Eyes; | |||||
| { Crank | Quarreling, | Bloatedness | |||||
| Inflamed Eyes, | Rags; | ||||||
| and | Red Nose & Face; | ||||||
| Hunger; | |||||||
| 30 - | Grog | Fighting, | Sore and swelled | ||||
| Legs; | Hospital; | ||||||
| { | Lying, | ||||||
| 40 - | Flip { | and | Jaundice, Pains | Jail; | |||
| { | Swearing, | in the Limbs, and | |||||
| burnings in the | Whipping; | ||||||
| {Bitters | Obscenity; | palms of the hands, | |||||
| 50 - | {infused in | and the soles of | |||||
| {Spirits | Swindling, | the feet; | The Hulks; | ||||
| {Brandy, Rum, | Perjury, | Dropsy; | |||||
| 60 - | {and Whiskey, in | Epilepsy, Palsy; | |||||
| {the morng. | Burglary, | Melancholy; | Botany Bay; | ||||
| Murder, | Madness; | ||||||
| {Do during the | and | Apoplexy; | The | ||||
| 70 - | {day and night. | Suicide. | DEATH. | Gallows. | |||
| ⃝ | |||||||
Transcriber’s Note (continued)
This book has two authors and includes text and tables from many sources that are displayed in varying typographical styles. As a consequence the original manuscript is inconsistent in layout, spelling, accenting, capitalisation, etc.
Where there was a predominant use of a hyphen in a word the hyphenation of that word has been regularised. Other inconsistencies in the orginal manuscript have generally been retained in this transcription with some exceptions noted below. Typographical errors have been corrected without note and unbalanced quotation marks have been remedied when the change was obvious, and otherwise left unbalanced.
The more than 400 recipes/receipts in this transcription have been formatted in a consistent style which is faithful to the pattern used in the original publication.
Other changes include:
Page 225 – “Comsommé” changed to “Consommé” (A rich soup or gravy)
Page 2 in Appendix – corrected an obviously wrong daily rate in last line of A TABLE OF WAGES OR INCOME (1 7 5¾)
Page 37 in Appendix – Added missing header: “TO THE OFFICERS OF HIS MAJESTY’S HOUSEHOLD.”
Page 38 in Appendix – “exemplagratia” changed to “exempli gratia” (exempli gratia. For example)
Page 42 in Appendix – “A Draft payable” changed to “A Draft is payable” (N.B. A Draft is payable)
In the original manuscript, the months of May, June and July are missing from the table of “Abbreviations and Characters, in Common Use” on Page 41 in the Appendix. This may be deliberate as those months have short names. The omission has not been corrected in this transcription.
Index entries have been styled consistently and typographical errors fixed. Other minor corrections to the Index have been made without note.
Most footnotes have been re-indexed using numbers and moved to a FOOTNOTES section at the end of the transcription. The exceptions are the footnotes on page 1 and page 42 of the APPENDIX. These have not been re-indexed/moved and remain at the foot of their respective page. They also retain the original footnote anchor symbols.