INDEX
[Accounts], examination of, [186-188];
appointment of treasurers under Richard II, [191-194];
under Charles II, [303];
after Bill of Rights, [308].
Aid pur fille marier, Edward I, [121].
[Ancient Customs], rate stated, [165].
Anglo-Saxons, their early ideas of taxation, [3].
[Appropriation] of Supplies, [184-186];
declaration under Henry VI, [210];
under Charles II, [303-304];
after Bill of Rights, [308].
Assize of Arms, [35].
Auxilium vicecomitis, [27], [29].
Bate Case, [241-242];
opinions of the Barons, [242-244];
position of Parliament, [244];
Book of Rates, [245];
remonstrance by Parliament, [246-248].
Becket, Thomas, his controversy with Henry II, [27-30].
Benevolence, a form of extortion, [214];
prohibiting statute of Richard III, [216-217];
Morton’s Crotch, [220];
Shoring or Under-propping Act, [221];
Henry VIII’s “amiable graunte,” [225];
under James I, [253];
St. John’s Case, [253-254];
under Charles I, [264], [267], [272], [294].
Bigod, Roger, dispute with Edward I, [135-138].
Bill of Rights, [306-308].
Bohun, Humfrey, dispute with Edward I, [135-138].
Book of Rates, [245].
Buckingham, [262-264], [265], [269].
Burghers, at Parliament of 1265, [102-103];
acquire function of taxing, [116-119].
Carta Mercatoria, [158];
complaint against, [162].
Carucage, [43], note 1;
imposition by Richard I, [43];
a revival of the Danegeld, [35], note 1;
levy of 1198, [44];
“assessed” by the Common Council, [77-78].
Charles I, his accession, [261];
signs Petition of Right, [269];
renounces tunnage and poundage, [274-275];
rules without Parliament, [279].
Charles II, his accession, [302];
death, [304].
Clergy, John’s antagonism of, [55];
need of their assent to taxation recognized, [125];
meet separately, [131], note 1;
attempted taxation of by Parliament, 1449, [210];
taxation after English Reformation, [228-230].
Clericis laicos, [133], note 1;
tendency to disregard, 1297, [142], [145];
adduced in 1301, [156].
[Common Council], no provision for London representatives made in Magna Carta, [66];
its composition, [66-68];
representation, [68-69];
part in taxation in early years of Henry III, [77-78];
grants a tax on movables, 1224, [79-81];
instances of refusal, 1232 and 1237, [81-82];
refuses a grant, 1242, [85];
its control over taxation in 1250, [91-92];
knights of the shires called, 1254, [92-94];
its control of disbursements, see [Disbursements].
Commons, House of, foreshadowed in Parliament of 1265, [102], [103];
meets separately, [189], [190];
initiation of tax levies, [205-208], [308];
composition dictated by James I, [238];
revival of impeachment, [256];
breach of privilege in Short Parliament, [293].
Commune Concilium, see [Common Council].
Conditional grant, early instance of, 1224, [79-80];
repetitions, [81-82].
[Confirmatio Cartarum], action prior to, [142-144];
signed by Edward I, [145];
analysis of tax clauses, [146-150];
marks a stage in Parliamentary taxation, [152-153].
Contributions, voluntary, among the early Germans, [2], [3].
Cowel’s “Interpreter,” [248].
[Customs], in early England, [113], note 1;
Carta Mercatoria, [158];
statutory provision for control by Parliament, Edward III, [177-178];
persistence of the struggle over customs, [179-180];
Bate Case, [242-244];
Book of Rates, [245];
collection ordered by Charles I, [265];
omission in Petition of Right, [273].
See also under [New Customs], [Ancient Customs].
Danegeld, origin 991 and early instances, [6-7];
authority for its exaction, [8-9];
reimposition under the Conqueror, [15-16];
under William Rufus, [18];
Stephen’s promise of abolition, [25-26];
supposed cause of Woodstock Controversy, [27], note 3;
its disappearance from the Rolls, [35], and note 1;
revival as “carucage,” [35], [43].
De tallagio non concedendo, [150-151], [159], [167];
cited in Petition of Right, [271].
[Disbursements], rejection of commission for, [82-83], [85];
demand for supervision of, [87-88];
Matthew Paris’s scheme, [88].
Distraint of Knighthood, [117], [123];
resorted to by Charles I, [281];
made illegal, [299], note 1.
Divine right, etc., in taxation, [236];
assertion by Charles I, [266].
Domesday Survey, [17].
Duties, Bate Case, [242-244];
Book of Rates, [245].
See under [Customs].
Edward I, accession, [107];
his character, [107-108];
dispute over foreign service, [134-137];
his financial preparations for the Gascon expedition, 1297, [140];
his part in attainment of Parliamentary taxation, [153];
last years of his reign, [157-159];
his death, [159].
Edward II, his accession, [159-160];
deposition, [169].
Edward III, accession and coronation, [169-170];
death of, [188].
Edward IV, accession, [213];
taxation and extra-Parliamentary exactions, [214-216].
Elizabeth, accession, [230];
character of her government, [231].
Examination of accounts, see [Accounts].
Excise, granted in lieu of feudal incidents, [302].
Feudal incidents, done away with under Charles II, [302].
See also under [Great Contract].
Fifteenth and tenth, becomes a fixed sum, [183], note 5.
Fitz-Peter, Geoffrey, justiciar of John, his address to the sheriffs, [50];
his edict at the Council of St. Albans, [58-59].
Flambard, Ranulf, [18].
Folkland, a royal means of revenue, [4].
Forced loans, a charge against Richard II, [201], [202];
under Edward IV, [214];
under Henry VIII, [226-228];
under Elizabeth, [232];
under Charles I, [264], [267], [272], [294].
Foreign service, dispute over, 1297, [134-137], [140-142].
Fyrdwite, a counterpart of scutage, [32].
Gaveston, [161], [163], [166];
his death, [166], note 1.
Germans, early idea of taxation among, [2-3].
Grants, delay of to end of session, [204].
Grievances, redress of; principle of, in 1297, [144-145];
delay of grants to end of session, [204];
principle adhered to, James I, [252], [254-255];
under Charles I, [262-263].
Hampden’s Case, [287-291], [293];
Long Parliament annuls the judgment, [298].
Henry I, character of his reign, [19];
his Charter, [19-20];
attitude toward National Council, [24].
Henry II, accession of, [26];
his ancestry, [26];
his controversy with Becket, [27-30];
his death, [37].
Henry III, character of his reign, [71-72];
his accession and the regency, [72-73];
declared of age, [78];
restraint under Provisions of Oxford, [97-99];
war with Montfort, [100-101];
his last years, [104-106].
Henry IV, his accession, [202].
Henry V, his short reign, [208-209].
Henry VI, his accession, [209];
character of his reign, [210];
his overthrow, [211].
Henry VII, accession, [217];
few Parliaments in his reign, [219];
the “new found” subsidy, [219-220];
extortions, [220-221].
Henry VIII, accession and early taxation, [221-222];
his commissions and benevolences, [224];
death, [230].
Heriot, [5].
Inquest, juries of, utilized in collection of Saladin Tithe, [36];
in carucage, [44].
Inquest of Service, [52].
Initiation of tax levies by Commons, [205-208];
admission by the Lords, [293];
after Bill of Rights, [308].
James I, accession, [237];
dictates composition of House of Commons, [238];
Cowel’s “Interpreter,” [248];
the Great Contract, [249];
his death, [261].
James II, accession, [304];
his absolutism and death, [305].
John, accession of, [48];
early taxation, [49-50];
his scutages, [50-52];
break with the pope, [51];
antagonism of the clergy, [55];
his death, [72].
King, Anglo-Saxon, personal leader and lord of national land, [3-4];
his sources of income, [3-5].
Knights of the shire, summoned to Parliament by Simon de Montfort and Henry III, [99-100];
attend Parliament of 1264, [101];
Parliament of 1205, [102-103];
their attendance declared “expedient,” [114-115];
meet separately, 1294, [125-126].
Lewes, battle and Mise of, [101].
Lincoln, Hugh of, his refusal of assent to Richard I’s demands, [44-46].
Lincoln, Parliament of, [156].
London, provided for in Magna Carta, [65].
Lords, House of, meets separately, [189-190].
Lords Ordainers, [163].
Magna Carta, scutage a moving cause, [50], [60];
events leading to, [60-62];
granting of the charter, [62];
Cap. 12, [63] and note 1, [64-66];
provision for London, [65];
Cap. 14, [66-67];
king remains supreme authority over taxation, [69-70];
omissions in renewals, [70];
renewed 1216, [73];
second reissue, [74-75];
reissue, 1224, [80];
reissue, 1297, see [Confirmatio Cartarum];
reconfirmation, 1301, [156].
Maletolt, definition of, [112];
in Confirmatio Cartarum, [147], [148];
under Edward III, [172-177];
statutory abolition, [177];
subsequent violations and reaffirmations, Edward III, [180-183].
Money Bills, initiation by Commons, [205-208], [233-235];
admission by Lords, [293];
after Bill of Rights, [308].
Monopolies, under Elizabeth, [232-233];
complaint in 1604, [238];
prohibition under James I, [260];
reëstablished by Charles I, [280], [294].
Montfort, Simon de, at Great Council of 1244, [87];
at Council of 1254, [94];
summons knights of the shire to national assemblies, [100];
begins civil war, 1263, [100-101];
his Parliament of 1265, [102-103];
his reputation as Creator of the House of Commons, [103];
his death, [104].
[Movables], taxation of, [35];
Assize of Arms, [35];
Saladin Tithe, [35-36];
John’s demand of a thirteenth, [55];
tax on granted by Common Council, [79-81];
grant of 1275, [115-116];
granted at Northampton and York, [118-119];
grants in 1290, [122];
in 1294, [126].
National Council, its powers and composition under Norman Kings, [14];
its part in taxation, [15-16];
under Henry I, [22-24];
its place under Richard I, [43];
townsmen present at Council of St. Albans, [58];
representation of shires at Oxford, [59].
tentative abolition of, [162], [164];
abolished in 1311, [165];
restored for a year, 1322, [168], note 1;
a regular means of revenue, 1328, [172].
Normandy, loss of, 1204, [56-57].
Normans, character of their rule, [12-13].
Northampton and York, provincial assemblies at, 1283, [117-119].
Nottingham, Council of, 1194, [42].
Offices, sale of, under Richard I, [42].
Oxford, John’s council at, [59].
Oxford, Provisions of, [97-99].
Parliament, first use of the name, [95], note 1;
refusal of aid, 1255, [96];
knights of the shire summoned to, [99-100];
they attend Parliament, 1264, [101];
Simon de Montfort’s Parliament of 1265, [102], [103];
Parliament of 1269, [105];
first Parliament of Edward I, [109-110], [114];
events leading to the Model Parliament, [127-128];
“What affects all, by all should be approved,” [128-129];
session of the Model Parliament, [131];
Parliament of 1296, [132];
status in 1297, [152];
process of differentiation in, [154-156] ff.;
statute providing for taxation solely by Parliament, Edward III, [177-179];
increase in power under Edward III, [188-189];
separate sessions of the houses, [189];
control over taxes, Richard II, [194-197], [199];
delay of grants to end of session, [204];
initiation of tax levies, [205-208];
of Henry VIII, [219];
Wolsey’s breach of privilege, [223];
attitude toward the Bate Case, [244], [246-248];
the Addled Parliament, [251];
enactment of the Petition of Right, [269] ff.;
the Short Parliament, [292-294];
the Long Parliament, [295-301];
declares against illegal taxation, [297];
the Grand Remonstrance, [300-301].
Personal property, see [Movables].
Petition of Right, [267-273].
Poll-tax, under Richard II, graduated, [194], [197];
excites the Rising of the Villeins, [198].
Prisage, early rate, [113], note 1.
Purveyance, early analogy of, [5-6].
Quo Warranto, a writ, [116].
Ralegh, William de, his offer of a disbursing commission, [82-83].
Redress of grievances, principle of, in 1297, [144-145];
principle adhered to, James I, [252], [254-255];
under Charles I, [262-263].
Reformation, profits of, [228-230].
Representation, under the charter, [68], [69], [70];
as it was in Henry III’s National Council, [91-92];
development of the principle in Simon de Montfort’s Parliament, [101-104];
under Edward I, [108-109].
Richard I, accession of, [38];
his ransom, [39-40];
general taxation under royal authority, [41];
release and subsequent levies, [42-44].
Richard II, accession, [190];
summary of taxes in his reign, [194], note 3;
resignation and deposition, [200-202].
Richard III, accession, [216];
benevolences prohibited, [216-217].
St. Albans, Council of, [58-59].
Salisbury, Gemôt of, [13], note.
Scutage, definition of, [30];
early instances, [31];
the Great Scutage, [32-33];
complaint of Archbishop Theobald, [34];
a cause leading to Magna Carta, [50];
list of John’s scutages, [51], and note 1;
fines and other attendant abuses under John, [53-54];
scutage of 1214 precipitates the movement for the Charter, [60];
specified in Magna Carta, [64];
referred to in Henry III’s second reissue, [75];
practice of scutage by consent, Henry III, [76];
scutage of 1242, [86].
Ship-money, a precedent in the Danegeld, [10-11];
requisition of ships under Charles I, [264];
first writ, [281];
its object, [283];
second and third writs, [284-285];
extra-judicial opinions, [285-286];
Hampden’s Case, [287-291], [293];
new levy, [294];
declaration of illegality by Long Parliament, [298].
Shire moots, their utilization in taxing, [21].
Star Chamber, its utility in forced loans, [251].
Statutum de tallagio non concedendo, [150], [151], [159], [167];
cited in Petition of Right, [271].
Stephen, [24-26].
Subsidy, the “new-found,” [219-220];
value of under Elizabeth, [234], note 1.
Supplies, appropriation of, see under [Appropriation].
Tallage, under Henry II and Richard I, [47], note 1;
definition of, [65], note 1;
possibly provided against in Magna Carta, [65-66];
Kirkby’s tallages, 1290, [120];
tallage not referred to in Confirmatio Cartarum, [149];
the “statute” De Tallagio non Concedendo, [150-151];
tallage of 1304, [159];
tallage of 1312 resisted, [167];
revival under Edward III, [170];
its withdrawal, [171];
a function of Parliament, [177-178].
Theobald, Archbishop, his complaint against scutage, [34].
Trinoda necessitas, [4].
Tudors, character of their reigns, [217-219].
Tunnage and poundage, in Carta Mercatoria, [158];
given James I for life, [239];
delay in grant to Charles I, [261], [263];
arbitrary levies, [273];
Charles renounces tunnage and poundage, [274-275];
failure to pass a life allowance, [275-276];
tumult over the Rolles case, [277];
resolution against the levies, [278];
reëstablishment, [280];
declaration of illegality, [297].
Villeins, Rising of, [198-199].
Wallingford, treaty of, [26].
Walter, Hubert, justiciar, at Richard I’s Council of Oxford, [44-45].
Westminster, Statute of, [110-111].
William the Conqueror, character of his rule, [13];
attitude toward his National Council, [14].
William and Mary, [306-308].
William Rufus, character of his reign, [17-18].
Winchester, Bishop of, his refusal of assent, [69].
Witenagemot, folkland alienable only by its consent, [4];
assents to levies of Danegeld, [8];
powers and composition, [9-11].
Wolsey, Cardinal, his breach of Parliamentary privilege, [222-224].
Woodstock, Controversy of, [27-30].
Wool, a custom on, 1275, [111-113];
seizure of, 1294, [124];
seizure of, 1297, [136];
tax on, under Confirmatio Cartarum, [147-148];
increased duties to foreign merchants, 1302, [158];
rate reëstablished, [165];
assaults of Edward III upon the wool customs, [172-177];
statute for Parliamentary control, [177];
practice at variance with it, [180-183];
proceeds of a subsidy in time of Richard II, [197].
See also [New Customs], [Ancient Customs].
York, Geoffrey of, refuses assent to John’s thirteenth, [56].