INDEX

ahhaya-mudrā, [25], [27], [32], [51], [53].
acanthus leaves, [60].
Ajaṇṭā, frescoes of, [3], [8].
Ajātaśatru, legend of, [44].
Ākāśagarbha, [16], [17].
altar, valance of, [18].
Amitābha, Buddha, [4], [5], [11];
Western Paradise of, [5], [6], [11], [17], [18], [20], [21] sq., [44], [52];
triad of, [18].
Ānanda, legend of, [49].
Andrews, Mr. F. H., [xii], [44].
Antioch, [4].
Apsaras, [12], [20], [22], [49];
see Gandharvī.
Asuras, World of, [38].
Athene, on seal, [4].
Avalokiteśvara, Bodhisattva of Mercy (Kuan-yin; Kwan-non), [4], [13], [18], [20], [22], [27], [28], [49], [56], [58], [59];
guide of souls, [53];
six-armed, [35]; thousand-armed, [30], [57];
emblems of, [30], [57];
four forms of, [29];
male and female forms of, [4];
Maṇḍala of, [13], [30], [31];
paintings of, [6];
under willows, [36];
with willow spray, [31], [32];
worship of, [4].
Badakhshī breed of horses, [20].
banners,
on silk, [2], [23], [25], [40], [43], [51], [53], [56], [61];
groups of, [23];
on linen, [3].
Barnett, Dr. L. D., [47].
Bath, of Gautama, [52].
Benares, Deer Park of, [24].
Bhaiṣajyaguru, Buddha, Paradise of, [11] sqq., [14], [50].
Bhaiṣajyarāja, [5].
bhūmisparśa-mudrā, [27].
Bimbisāra, [44].
Binyon, Mr. L., [ix], [xi], [xii], [13], [36], [37], [45], [53], [54], [55], [58].
boar, head of, [53].
boar-headed demon, [31].
Bōdh-Gayā, image at, [27].
Bodhisattvas, [4] sq., [11] sqq., and passim;
banners of, [56];
‘Indian’ and ‘Chinese’ types of, [14], [29], [56];
worship of, [28];
see Avalokiteśvara, Kṣitigarbha, Mañjuśrī, Samantabhadra.
borders, of paintings, [2], [53], [55], [59].
Brahman, [12], [30].
British Museum,
paintings at, [ix], [xi];
Trustees of, [xi].
Buddha, see Gautama, Śākyamuni.
Buddhas, [4];
subsidiary, [13], [17];
‘of ten quarters’, [30].
Buddhism, spread of, into Central Asia and China, [3] sq., [7];
see Mahāyāna.
Buddhist art,
of China, [3], [6];
of India, [3] sq.;
of Japan, [4] sq.;
of Tibet, [9].
Buddhist Heaven, see Paradise.
Buddhist images, from India, [6].
bullocks, [53].
Butsu-yé [3].
Cakravartin, [53].
cangue, [35], [38].
cartouches,
inscribed, [23], [26], [29], [32], [49], [52], [58], [59];
uninscribed, [36], [38].
castanets, [12].
‘Caves of the Thousand Buddhas’, [1], [13], and passim.
celestial mansions, [11], [17], [18], [51], [54].
chain-armour, [42].
Chamberlain, the Right Hon. Mr. A., [xi].
Chandaka, [24].
Chavannes, M. Éd., [x], [16], [19].
Ch‘ien-fo-tung, Chinese for ‘Caves of Thousand Buddhas’, passim.
China, westward expansion of, [4].
Chinese art, [5], [6], [7], [8].
Chinese painting,
Buddha legend in, [8];
Central tradition of, [5];
style of, [54].
‘Chinese’ type of Bodhisattvas, [29], [32], [36], [43], [54], [56].
Christians, at Turfān, [5].
chronology, of paintings, [7], [16], [21], [50].
clappers, [12], [14], [16], [17], [18], [25], [36].
Clarendon Press, Delegates of, [xi].
cleaning, of paintings, [2].
cloud scrolls, in textiles, [36].
coiffure, of donatrices, [16], [17], [19], [30], [38];
see head-dress.
coins, Chinese, [48].
Conception, of Gautama, [52].
costume,
of donatrices, [16], [21], [22], [30], [50];
of donors, [17], [22], [36], [37], [38], [50], [56].
crane, [12], [18], [22].
crown, of Sassanian type, [39], [60].
dancer, [12], [15], [17], [18], [51].
Deer Park, Śākyamuni in, [27].
Delhi Museum, [xi].
demons, [12], [15], [40] sq., [61], [62], [63];
Tibetan, [47];
World of, [38];
see Yakṣas.
Dharmapālas, [43], [63].
Dhṛtarāṣṭra, [42].
Dhyāni-buddha (Amitābha), [4], [20], [28], [29], [32], [35], [57], [58].
Dīpaṅkara, Buddha, [51].
disciples, figures of, [17], [19], [21].
discs, of Sun and Moon, [17], [38].
distemper, painting in, [9], [46].
donors, in paintings, [7];
see costume, portraits.
dragons, [12], [19], [48], [52].
drapery, Hellenistic, [20].
dress, see costume;
magisterial, [19], [24], [44], [37], [55].
drums, [12], [45].
ducks, [22];
wild, [25].
embroidery picture, [10], [48];
remains, [44].
fan-bearers, [37].
First Sermon, see Gautama.
flame streamers, [39], [60].
flask, of Avalokiteśvara, [36], and passim.
flutes, [12], [14], [18], [36], [45].
Foucher, M. A., [23], [27], [28], [31], [43].
‘Four Encounters’, see Gautama.
Freer Collection, [7], [8].
Fu-hsi, Emperor, [48].
fungus sceptre, [38].
Gandhāra, Buddhist art of, [3], [4], [7], [49];
types from, [8].
Gandharvīs, [14];
see Apsaras.
Gaṇeśa, [58].
Garuḍa, [12], [16], [17], [18], [60].
Gatis, see Worlds of Desire.
Gautama (Buddha, Śākyamuni),
scenes from Life of, [5], [6], [25], [51];
Chinese treatment of, [7], [23];
Conception of, [52];
Birth of, [52];
Bath of, [52]; Seven Steps of, [52];
Four Encounters of, [23] sq., [51];
Search for, [24]; Farewell from Kaṇṭhaka, [24];
Enlightenment of, [27];
First Sermon of, [24], [27];
as teacher, [6];
Miracle of Śrāvastī, [27];
on Gṛdhrakūṭa, [25], [27], [48], [49];
see Buddha, Jātakas, Śākyamuni.
Giles, Dr. L., [xii].
glass bowl, [43].
Graeco-Buddhist art, [x], [12], [15], [20], [23], [26], [27], [28], [52], [59], [60].
Gṛdhrakūṭa, see Vulture Peak.
gryphon, [12].
Guardians of Regions, see Lokapālas.
halo,
flame-bordered, [15];
transparent, [21], [22].
hands, pair of colossal, [26].
Hāritī, [31].
harp, [12], [16], [45].
hats, shape of, [17].
head-dress, of donors, [19], [23], [30], [32];
see coiffure.
Hell, Kṣitigarbha Regent of, [37], [54].
Hellenistic art, influence of, [4], [20], [59].
Heracles, on seal, [4].
hermit, picture of, [47].
Herzfeld, Prof. E., [40].
high lights, [9], [21], [22].
hills, [14], [17], [19].
Hīnayāna Buddhism, [4].
Hindu mythology, [31].
Horiuji Temple, [3].
horse,
drawing of, [19];
types of, [20], [25], [39].
horse’s head, [54].
horse-dragon, [47].
‘horse-millinery’, [20], [39].
Hsüan-tsang, pilgrim, [6], [27].
human form, Chinese treatment of, [7].
iconography, Buddhist, [x].
India, Buddhist painting in, [3].
Indian art, genius of, [8].
Indian garb, of divinities, [7].
Indian type, of Bodhisattvas, [28], [29], [36], [42], [47], [59].
Indians, dark-skinned, [14], [15], [29], [53].
Indra, [12], [30].
infants, [12], [16], [22], [36], [61].
Infernal Judges, [37], [38], [55].
Iranian,
art motifs, [4];
influences, [58];
emblems, [39], [60];
see Persia.
iris of eyes,
blue, [39];
yellow, [62];
green, [62].
Japan,
Buddhist art of, [5];
Buddhist paintings of, [3].
Jātakas, scenes from, [5], [6], [8], [23];
see Gautama.
Jizō (Kṣitigarbha), [37].
Kābul, [27].
Kakemonos, paintings mounted as, [2], [39], [53], [59].
Kālika, [47].
Kalyāṇaṃkara, legend of, [16], [17].
Kaṇṭhaka, Buddha’s horse, [23], [24], [53].
Kapilavastu, [52].
Kapiśa (Kabul), [27].
Kāshgar, [1].
Kashmir, [1], [4].
Kāśyapa, [49].
Khotan, [1], [4];
mural paintings of, [28];
painter from, [10];
Vaiśravaṇa’s worship at, [39].
Kings, Twelve, protectors of the Law, [13], [51].
knee-caps, [35].
Kṣitigarbha,
in paintings, [5], [8], [16], [17], [37];
patron of travellers, [38], [54], [55];
Regent of Hell, [37], [54].
Ku K‘ai-chih,
painter, [6], [7];
style of, [8].
Kuan-yin, Chinese name of Avalokiteśvara, q.v.
Kubera, [39].
Kwan-non, Japanese name of Avalokiteśvara, q.v.
Lamas, hoods of, [46].
landscape,
treatment of, [7];
dividing scenes, [13];
see hills.
laṅgōṭī (loin-cloth), [42], [58].
Laufer, Dr. B., [41].
leather,
armour, [42], [62];
scales, [41].
linen, paintings on, [3], [46].
lion, [15], [41], [49], [55].
Littlejohn, Mr. S. W., [2].
Ló-shen-fu, painting, [6].
Lokapālas, [5], [12], [13], [14], [15], [31], [36], [39], [40], [41], [53], [58], [60], [61], [62].
Lop desert, [5].
Lorimer, Miss F. M. G., [xii].
lotus-lake, [12], [17], [18], [22].
lotus-seats, [20], [50], [55].
Lumbinī garden, [6], [52].
Lung-mên, relievos of, [22], [43].
lute, [16], [17], [18], [45], [53].
Magadha, [27].
Mahākāla, [30].
Mahāsthāma, [18], [20], [22], [49].
Mahāyāna Buddhism, [ix], [x], [4], [28].
Maheśvara, [31].
mail-coat, [41], [59].
Maitreya,
Buddha, [5];
Paradise of, [19].
Maitreya-vyākaraṇa-sūtra, [18].
Maṇḍala, compositions, [x];
of Avalokiteśvara, [13], [36], [57].
Manichaeism, [5].
Mañjuśrī, [5], [12], [14], [15], [29], [40].
manuscripts,
at Ch‘ien-fo-tung, [1], [8];
rolls, in paintings, [20], [48].
Māra, attack of, [27].
marginal scenes, [13], [16], [17], [47], [51].
Māyā, [52].
Meru, Mount, [17], [40], [61].
Milne, Mr. J. C., [xi].
Mīrān, mural paintings at, [4], [21].
mirror,
metal, [19];
magic, [38].
Mithras, worship of, [4] sq.
modelling, in two tones, [10].
monkey, [53].
monks, [17], [30], [38], [47], [49].
Moon,
Bodhisattva of, [30], [57];
disc of, [47].
mouth-organ, [14], [15], [16], [36].
musical instruments, [12], [16] sqq.
musicians, [12], [15], [16], [17], [18], [45], [51].
Nāga-tree (coral), [40].
Nāgas, [31], [40], [52], [57].
Nara, frescoes at, [3].
Nativity, of Gautama, [52].
Nepalese miniatures, [27];
paintings, [3], [9].
‘Nymph of Virtue’, [31], [57].
Nymphs, [12], [15], [50], [60].
officials, dress of, [37];
see dress.
ox-headed demon, [45].
palanquin, [20], [52].
Pāpaṃkara, legend of, [16], [17].
paper paintings, [36], [47] sq., [61].
Paradise,
of Amitābha, see Western Paradise;
of Bhaiṣajyaguru, [50];
of Maitreya, [19];
of Śākyamuni, [15], [16].
pavilions, [13].
peacock, [12], [18], [22], [31].
pearl, of Kṣitigarbha, [37].
Pelliot, M. Paul, [2].
Persia, [4];
see Iranian.
Petrucci, M. R., [v], [x], [xi], [xii], [14], [16], [17], [19], [27], [30], [37], [50].
phoenix, [12], [22], [31].
pipe, [12], [14], [16], [25];
see whistle-pipe.
Planets, divinities of, [8], [53].
plectrum, [53].
portraits, of donors, [7], [16], [21].
pretas, [31], [38].
processions, [14] sq.
psaltery, [12], [17], [18], [45].
Rājagṛha (Rājgir), [27], [48].
rat-king, [58].
ratnām, see seven.
Rawak Vihāra, [27].
reborn souls, [12], [16], [18], [22].
reed-organ, [12], [17].
Roman Empire, silk trade to, [4].
‘royal ease’, pose of, [35], [58].
saddles, [20].
‘Sage of the Air’, [31], [57].
Śakti, of Avalokiteśvara, [45], [46].
Śākyamuni, [17];
in pictures, [5];
legend of, [6];
Paradise of, [15], [16];
type of, [4];
see Gautama, Buddha.
Samantabhadra, [5], [12], [14], [15], [29], [45].
sandals, [41];
of string, [37].
Śāriputra, [25], [49].
Sassanian relievos, [40].
‘Sassanian’ textile motifs, [40], [45], [60].
scabbard, lacquered, [62].
scale armour, [39], [41], [42], [53], [59] sq., [62].
Schlesinger, Miss K., [12], [53].
Serindia, [ix], [xi].
Seven Jewels, [53].
Seven Steps, of Gautama, [52].
shading, method of, [15].
shoes, of string, [62].
Shōsōin Collection, [12].
silk, of paintings, [2];
gauze-like, [23];
trade from China, [4].
siṃhāsana, [36].
Śivaitic divinities, [30].
slab for inscription, [21], [22], [38].
spacing, Chinese, [9], [46], [60].
Śrāvastī, ‘Miracle of,’ [27].
stag, white, [61].
statues, of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, [26];
see Vulture Peak.
Stone &
Son, Messrs. Henry, [xi].
Stūpa, consecration of, [20].
Śuddhodana, [25].
Sukhāvatī, see Western Paradise;
type of, [22].
Sun, Bodhisattva of, [30], [57];
disc of, [47].
Sung period, art of, [7].
Syrinx, [16].
Taki, Prof., [xii].
Taklamakān desert, [5].
T‘ang period, art of, [5], [6], [7].
Tantra doctrines, [46];
emblems, [58].
Taoist monk, at Caves, [1] sq.
Tārā, goddess, [45], [46].
Tejaḥprabha, Buddha, [53].
tempera, painting in, [46].
textile patterns, [54];
see Sassanian.
Thunder god, [26].
Ti-tsang (Kṣitigarbha), [37].
Tibet,
Buddhism of, [46], [58];
Buddhist art of, [9], [46].
Tibetan paintings, [3], [9].
Tibetans, at Tun-huang, [45], [46], [47].
tiger, [48].
tonsure, [19].
trees, in paintings, [11], [16], [20], [22].
‘triple cord’, [42].
Tun-huang,
oasis and town, [1] sq.;
chiefs of, [36];
Tibetan conquest of, [9].
Turfān, [5];
painting from, [21].
Turkestān,
Buddhist art of, [3], [4];
pictorial style of, [9];
under Chinese rule, [4].
Tuṣita Heaven, [18].
Urushibara, Mr. Y., [2].
Vaiśravaṇa, [58];
paintings of, [6], [39], [59];
emblems of, [40];
flag of, [60].
Vajra, [43], [47].
Vajrapāṇis, [31], [43], [58], [63].
vara-mudrā, [41], [46], [49].
vase, glazed, [36].
Vignette, portrait in, [21].
Virūḍhaka, [15], [36].
Virūpākṣa, [40], [58], [62].
Visser, Prof. M. W. de, [37].
vitarka-mudrā, [11], [14], [16], [18], [20], [22], [28], [29], [32], [35], [47], [50].
votive inscription, [2].
Vulture Peak (Gṛdhrakūṭa), [25], [27], [48], [49].
Waley, Mr. A. D., [xii].
warrior kings, [12].
Western Paradise (Sukhāvatī), of Amitābha, [5], [6], [11], [17], [18], [20], [21], [22], [44], [52].
wheel, of sovereignty, [53].
whistle-pipe, [15], [16].
willow spray,
of Avalokiteśvara, [28], [30], [32];
Aval, under willows, [36].
Winter, Miss E. A., [2], [49].
‘Worlds of Desire’, [37], [38], [54].
Wu Tao-tzŭ, painter, [8].
Yabuki, Mr., [xii].
Yakṣas, [39], [60];
see demons.
Yaśodharā, [53].
Yün-kang, relievos of, [8], [22], [23].