INDEX.
“Above sea level,” described, [318].
Absence of mind, remarkable instances of, note, [170].
Acceleration of East Indian contract steamers, its importance, [247].
Accidents on railways, [173];
statistical account of, [176];
causes of, [178];
impossible to prevent them altogether, [179];
cost of, [180];
small in proportion to accidents from other causes, [181];
accidents in London, [181];
carriage, note, [181];
by shipwreck, [182];
in collieries and by fire, [183];
on American railways and steamers, [184];
on Indian railways, [290].
Affghanistan, the Long Railway will pass through it, [271], [300];
opinion of Mr. A. H. Layard, M.P., thereon, [300].
Africa, mountains of, note, [9];
railway mileage of, note, [211].
Ainsworth, William Harrison, his “Turpin’s Ride to York,” note, [215].
Alba Lake, tunnel from, [364].
Aldworth, Miss, the lady Freemason, note, [210].
Alexandria, comparative distances to, from London, [429].
Allen, inventor of Cross Posts, note, [103].
“Allen’s Indian Mail,” its views upon East Indian railway extension, note, [262].
Alpine passes enumerated, [7];
heights of, note, [319].
Alps, the, traversed from the earliest periods, [6];
Hannibal’s army crosses them, [6];
the first tunnel under, [366];
the Great Tunnel of, described, [401].
America, mountains of, note, [10];
railway mileage of, note, [211].
American railways and steamers, accidents upon, [184].
American trotting horses, their pace, [188].
Anglia, unde derivatur, note, [167].
Anne, Duchess of Savoy, first constructor of an Alpine tunnel, [366].
Annuities Act, the Post Office, [101].
Apennines, the highest peaks of, note, [9];
railway from Pistoja to Poretta described, [344].
Arbitration, differences between railways and the Post Office to be settled by, [75];
opposition to it by the Post Office, [76];
the only real mode of settling with railways, [123];
Mr. E. Page’s opinion on it, [445].
Argyll, the Duke of, Postmaster-General, [102];
senator, politician, man of letters, note, [ib.]
Army, British, that must be maintained in India, [300].
“As the crow flies,” described, [343].
Ascending heights, by man and animals, [320].
Ashford, locomotive and carriage establishment, [209].
Asia Minor, the Long Railway will pass through it, [271], [300];
opinion of Mr. A. H. Layard thereon, [300].
Asia, mountains of, note, [9].
Atlantic, grand tunnel under the, [400].
Atlantic islands, mountains of, note, [10].
Attock, the Indus at, note, [278], [280];
the tunnel at, [395].
Australia, mountains of, note, [10];
British exports to, [54];
coal in, for Indian railways, [288];
railways in, see Railways.
Austria, mountains of, note, [8];
foremost among nations in constructing railways, [12];
postage stamps in, how called, note, [142];
mileage of railways in, note, [297].
Avalanches, protection from, on the Mont Cenis Railway, [353].
“Bagmen” travelling on railways, note, [171].
Bahamas, the, cotton supply from, note, [299].
Baker, Sir Samuel, his views respecting railway extension in India, note, [263].
Ball, John, late president of the Alpine Club, Alpine passes and peaks enumerated by him, note, [319].
Banging of railway carriage doors, note, [213].
Barlow, Peter W., Esq., C.E., his proposed Thames subway, [395].
Barrow Docks, opening of, note, [51].
Bavaria, mountains of, note, [9];
mileage of railways in, note, [297].
Belgium, the first continental nation to construct railways, [12];
fastest trains in, [113];
postage stamps in, note, [142];
locomotive constructing establishments in, [193];
mileage of railways in, note, [297];
railway tunnels in, [380].
Ben Nevis, the highest mountain in Great Britain, note, [9].
Bermuda, cotton supply from, note, [299].
Bernardino Pass, the, [10].
Bessemer process of steel manufacture, [201];
its great value and importance, note, [202].
Beypoor, unsuitable terminus for Madras Railway, [256].
Bhore Ghaut, the, described, [252].
Birmingham, rainfall in, note, [281].
Bletchley Station, [220].
Blue Coat School, the, note, [217].
Board of Trade, its powers respecting cheap parliamentary trains, [61];
errors in its calculations, [71];
its wreck register, [182];
Captain Tyler’s report to, on the Mont Cenis Railway, [347].
Boetia, ancient tunnel in, [364].
Bohemia, mountains of, note, [8].
Bombay, Baroda, and Central India Railway, the, [258];
proposed extension of, to Delhi, [260];
working expenses, [289].
Bombay, development necessary at, for it to become the capital of India, note, [258];
advantage to Bombay of the extension of the Baroda line to Delhi, [260].
Book Post, the, Mr. Page’s vindication, [450];
refuted, [471].
Bordeaux, the port for the Orleans Railway Company, [24];
population of, note, [31].
Box Tunnel, the, its ventilation, [411].
Bradshaw’s Continental Guide, [32].
Bray Head, proposed tunnels under, [371].
Bread winners and bread managers, note, [161].
Brenner, the, a very old Alpine pass, [11];
the railway over the Pass, [13];
its political importance, [14];
its first time table, note, [ib.]
Bridgewater, Duke of, opening of his canal, [65].
Brighton Locomotive and Carriage Establishment, [209].
Brindisi described, [428];
its importance for the conveyance of the Eastern mails, [429], [496].
Brindisi, distance from London viâ Brenner Pass, note, [15].
Bristol, the highest rainfall in, of England, note, [281].
Britannia Tubular Bridge, the, described, [391].
British Columbia, Canadian railways to extend to, [306].
Broadstone Locomotive and Carriage Establishment, [209].
Brockedon, William, his illustrated work on Alpine passes, [7].
Brunlees, James, Esq., C.E., [346].
Bucke, W., engineer of Manchester and Birmingham Railway, [4].
Bulk, not weight, the real manner in which mails must be estimated, [85].
Burke, John, Esq., C.E., his tunnel under the Liffey, [394].
Byron, Lord, educated at Harrow, [218];
recollection of his schoolboy days, note, [ib.]
Cæsar, Julius, his tunnel under Uxellodum, [365].
Cairn Tual, the highest mountain in Ireland, note, [9].
Calais to Paris, railway distance, [15];
to Nice, [240];
to Constantinople, [270].
Calcutta and South-Eastern Railway, the, [273];
working expenses, [290].
Calcutta, population of, note, [259];
postal communications with, [247];
their future accelerations, [266], [272].
Caledonian Railway, its locomotive and carriage establishment, [209].
California, discovery of gold in, [17];
telegraphing with London, [19].
Campbell, Lord, his lives of the Chancellors of England, full of blunders, note, [324].
Canada, railways in, [301], see [Railways];
proportion of, to population, [305].
Canals, passengers carried on them in 1837, [57];
effect of their opening upon the cost of conveying goods, [65];
canals have not suffered through railways—dividends in 1846 and 1867, [67], note, [149];
their length in Great Britain, [368];
tunnels in, [ib.];
canals in France, note, [377].
Canton, distance from San Francisco, [22].
Cape of Good Hope Railway, the, [311].
Capital invested in British railways, [40], [147];
can no longer be charged with working expenses, [55].
Capitol of Rome, how saved, [213].
Carriage accidents in London, note, [181];
doors of railways, banging of, [213].
Carson, city, [19].
Cat, the, its power of ascending elevations, [321].
Catherine of Arragon introduces the mantilla and farthingale into England, note, [210].
Cattle conveyed on British railways, [40];
increased since 1859, [47], [69];
imported in 1866, [70].
Celerity of postal communication, Mr. Frederick Hill’s notions upon, [129];
inaccuracy of Post Office assertions thereon, [130].
Cenis, the, Mont. See [Mont.]
Central American Honduras Railway, the, [312].
Centre rail system, Mr. Fell’s claims as its inventor, [337].
Ceylon Railway, the, [313].
Chaix, M. M., “Indicateur des Chemins de Fer,” 32.
Chalmers, Mr. James, his subway between France and England, [398].
Charterhouse School, note, [217].
Chaucer, Geoffrey, note, [168].
Cheshire, production of coal in, note, [49].
Christ’s Hospital School, note, [217].
City of London, value of house property in, note, [326].
Cleghorn, Mr. John, his railway statistical tables, [40].
Coal, conveyance of, by railway, rapidly increasing, [48];
extraction of, from British collieries, [ib.], note, [49];
how consumed, [50];
its existence in India, note, [284];
cost of, on Indian railways, [286];
prospects of its being found in India, [288];
Labuan and Australia, [ib.]
Cochin, best sea-board terminus for the Madras railway, [257].
Coffee, the use of, diminishing in Great Britain, [71].
Col di Tenda, the, [8];
height of, [319];
tunnel under in the 15th century, [366].
Cold, how excluded from the Hauenstein tunnel, [416].
Collieries, number of, in Great Britain, note, [49];
loss of life in, [183].
Colonies of Great Britain that supply it with cotton, [299].
Combinations, their injurious effects upon workmen, note, [159]; note, [161].
Commission of 1853, on Contract Packet Services, extract from its report, [267].
Committee on Postal and Telegraphic Communications with the East, extract from its report, note, [266].
Constantinople, railways to, [271].
Corkscrew, the, ladies ungraceful in the use of, [228];
advice thereon, [229];
its analogy to mountain railways, [402].
Corn, foreign, imports of, [72].
Corporation of the City of London, great works accomplished by, [326];
further required, [327];
its columns of Luxor, [328].
Cotton, cost of conveyance from Liverpool to Manchester, last century, [65];
districts of India, the, [295];
whence imported into England, [299].
Crampton engines, [190].
Crawford, R. W., Esq., M.P., memorandum on the East Indian Railway, note, [251].
Crewe works, locomotives made at, [192];
the town and works described, [194];
statistics in 1849, [196];
in 1867, [200];
steel and iron rail manufactory, [201];
modern Crewe, [204];
its municipal government, [206];
places of worship and schools, [207].
Crinoline forbidden on locomotives, [210];
its introduction into England, note, [ib.]
Cumberland, production of coal in, note, [49].
Cusack, Mr. Ralph, establishes low railway fares in Ireland, [45].
Daft, T. B., Esq., C.E., his proposed steamers between Newhaven and Dieppe, note, [397].
Dâk, establishment of, between Jubbulpore and Nagpore, note, [247].
Danvers, Juland, Esq., government director of Indian railways, his annual reports on them, [247], [248], [256], [272], [277], [290].
Day mails, their number to and from London, [106].
De Camp, Monsieur A., [97].
Debenture capital of British railways, [147];
holders, number of, in Indian railways, [276].
Delhi Railway, the, [273].
Demerara Railway, the, [311].
Derby locomotive and carriage establishment, [209].
Derby, Right Hon. the Earl of, speech upon combinations, note, [159].
Derby, the, speed at which it is run, [186].
Derbyshire, production of coal in, note, [49].
Desbriere, Monsieur P., Etudes sur la Locomotion au Moyen du Rail Central, his resumé as to the priority of the centre rail discovery, [336].
Dingwall and Skye Railway, note, [239].
Distances, tables of, [15], [22];
from Dover and Penzance to the North of Scotland, [240];
traversed by the Eastern mails, [496].
Dividends upon share capital of British railways, [147].
Divine service, arrangements for, at Crewe, [206].
Dix, General John A., president Union Pacific Railroad, [22].
Docks, importance of, at Bombay, note, [258];
advantages of, to Southampton, note, [259].
Dog, the, its power of ascending elevations, [321].
Dogs travelling on railways, note, [171].
Doncaster locomotive and carriage establishment, [209].
Dove Hole Tunnel, [372];
singular accident in, [425].
Dover, railway distance from, to North of Scotland, [240].
Dublin, rainfall in, note, [281].
Duncombe, George, Esq., his noble contribution to the town of Crewe, [206].
Durham, production of coal in, note, [49].
Earlestown, waggon repairing establishment, [200].
East Indian Railway, the, its commencement, [245];
its present extent, [246];
importance of completing the gap from Jubbulpore towards Bombay, [247];
cost of the Railway, [248];
its alleged mismanagement, note, [ib.];
history of, by R. W. Crawford, Esq., M.P., note, [251];
its net earnings exceed the Government guarantee, [277];
iron sleepers upon, [283];
coal-fields adjacent to the line, [287];
working expenses, [289];
provident fund, [293];
its insufficiency, [294].
Eastern Bengal Railway, the, [273].
Eastern Counties Railway, strike upon, in 1849;
described, note, [161];
locomotive and carriage establishment, [209].
Eastern mails, weight and dimensions of, in 1839, [90];
their great bulk and weight, [431], [488];
savings to be effected by sending them viâ Brindisi, [490];
table of the several routes, [496].
Edinburgh, course of post from London, 1672 to 1867, [2];
Journey from, to Marseilles in 1867, [157];
speed of limited mail to, [237];
rainfall in, note, [281].
Edinburgh Review, the, describes the tunnel of the Alps, [426].
Edward VI., founder of Christ’s Hospital and other schools, note, [216].
Eggs, imports of, [72].
Elephants have crossed the Alps, [7].
Elevations, powers of ascending them, by man and animals, [321].
Elizabeth, Queen, on the “Winton birching,” note, [216];
her letter to the Bishop of Ely, note, [324].
Engine, the Locomotive, a ride upon, from London to Stafford and back, [210].
Engine drivers, strike of, upon the Eastern Counties Railways in 1849, note, [161];
their numbers on English railways, [211].
Engine manufacturers, British and Continental, [191].
Engines, dimensions of, on the Sœmmering Pass, [13];
number of, on British railways, [45];
fuel consumed by them, [50];
number of component parts, [172];
effects of bursting a tube, [173];
compared to horses, [186];
speeds of various classes of engines, [188];
great size and power of some on the Continent, [189];
inside and outside cylinder engines, [190];
names of makers of, [191];
number made annually in England and abroad, [191];
railway establishments for the repairs of, [209];
the engine in steam, [213];
started, [215];
capacity of their tenders, [219];
engines and watches compared, [244].
Engineering newspaper, the, extracts from, notes, [125], [202], [237], [248], [264], [284].
England, Helvellyn, the highest mountain in, note, [9];
prosperity of, [164];
public schools of, note, [216];
commercial value of the East Indian Railways to, [296].
Englishmen for thirteen centuries described by Professor Henry Morley, note, [167];
national character of, similar to that of the Romans, note, [169].
Etna, Mont, height of, note, [9].
Eton College, note, [216].
Euphrates River, the, described, note, [264];
the tunnel under, [359].
Euphrates Valley Railway, the, [262], [266].
Europe, railway mileage of, note, [211].
Euston Station, its Doric portico, [212];
departure of a train from, [213].
Fares on French railways, [30];
high on Irish railways, [44].
Fell, Mr. John, the inventor of the centre rail system, [332];
the system explained, [334];
his appreciation both in theory and practice, [337];
his experiments on the High Peak Railway, [338];
on the Mont Cenis, [330];
effect of the centre rail going round curves, [342];
the Emperor Napoleon’s appreciation of the system, [349].
Ferrovia Calabro-Sicula, the, [433].
Ferrovia Meridionale of Italy, [427].
Fire, accidents by, [183];
houses destroyed by, in London, note, [184];
expense of, in several cities, [ib.]
Fish, conveyance of, on railways, [156].
Fitzgerald, Sir Seymour, Governor of Bombay, ordered to report on Kurrachee Harbour, note, [264].
Florence, distance from London viâ Brenner Pass, note, [15];
viâ Mont Cenis, [437].
Food, large conveyance of, by railways, [70];
imports of, from abroad, [71].
Foot mileage of the Post Office, great variety in its cost, [123].
Foreign postage stamps, note, [142].
Forest of Dean, production of coal in, note, [49].
France possesses the three highest mountains in Europe, note, [8];
history of railways in, [24];
railway passenger traffic of, [30];
cheap railways in, [31];
railway postal service in, [38];
material progress of, note, [54];
letters and newspapers circulating in, note, [81];
rural postmen in, note, [97];
speed of railway trains in, [112], [130];
stopping trains in, often unpunctual [114];
postage stamps in, note, [142];
fortunate escape through not annexing Luxemburg, note, [143];
locomotive establishments of, [193];
mileage of railways in, note, [297];
canal and railway tunnels in, [377];
mode of their construction, note, [378];
subways and tunnels from England to, [396].
Francis, John, his valuable compendium of English railways, [74].
Franks, number of, in 1839, [75].
Fraser, J. M., Esq., C.E., upon British railway tunnels, [370].
Free trade has developed the present commercial grandeur of England, [151];
America takes a different view, note, [ib.];
free trade and the railway, the twin sisters of progress, [165].
Freemason, Miss Aldworth, the lady, note, [210].
Fremont, General, [17].
Frere, Sir Bartle, his views on Indian railway extension, note, [262].
Frith, W. P., Esq., R. A., his pictures “The Derby Day” and “The Railway Station,” [212].
Fucinus, Lake, ancient tunnel from, [365]
Fuel for Indian railways, [284].
Furies, the, and the officials of St. Martin’s-le-Grand, [146].
Gammond, M. Thome de, his subway between France and England, [398].
Gauge of railways, note, [110].
Gauges, the battle of the, [4].
Genevre Mont, the, [8];
height of, note, [319].
Germany, locomotive building establishments in, [192];
railways in, note, [297];
railway tunnels in, [377].
Ghaut, the Bhore, [252];
the Thull, [254].
Gibraltar, height of summit, note, [9].
Gibson, Rt. Hon. Milner, the author of the abolition of stamps on newspapers, [80].
Giovi incline, the [344].
Gladstone, Rt. Hon. Wm., speech of, on King Iron, note, [51];
gratitude due to him for establishing Post Office Savings Banks, [100].
Glasgow, rainfall in, note, [281].
Gloucestershire, production of coal in, note, [49].
Glover, Colonel, his memorandum on Indian telegraphs, note, [280].
Glyn, George Carr, Esq., M.P., [74].
Gold, discovery of, in California, [17].
Goods conveyed on British railways, [40], [47];
cost and speed of conveyance in the last century, [65];
contents of first goods train on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, [66];
slow development of goods traffic on British railways, [66];
increase in subsequent years, [ib.]
Government Insurance and Annuities Act, the, [101];
transmission of documents which its establishment renders necessary, [ib.]
Gradients, the early, on English railways, [4];
maximum at present, [5];
explained, [322];
on the Mont Cenis Railway, [331];
on mountain road, [343];
that engines can ascend, [344].
Grand Junction Railway incorporated, [2];
opened, [ib.];
used by the Post Office as soon as opened, [73].
Grand Trunk Railway of Canada, the, begun, [302];
its length and cost, [305];
Victoria Bridge upon, [391].
Great Britain, mountains of, note, [9].
Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the, its course and works, [252];
receipts, [254];
its liability to heavy working charges, [255];
its net earnings exceed the government guarantee, [277];
working expenses, [289].
Great Southern of India Railway, the, [274];
working expenses, [289].
Great St. Bernard, [8];
height of, note, [319].
Great Vallon Mountain, the, the Tunnel of the Alps carried through it, [401].
Great Western Railway has the fastest train in England, [110];
its gauge, note, [ib.]
Great Western Railway of Canada, the, [302];
its length and cost, [305].
Greece, mountains in, note, [8].
Gregory, Charles Hutton, Esq., C.E., Post Office Arbitrator, [132], [144].
Gretna Green pace, the, [187].
Griffiths, Mr. Darby, M.P., chances of his Post Office Bill passing, [132].
Grove, George, Esq., Secretary of the Palestine Exploration Fund, [359].
Guarantee, the, of the Indian Government to railways, [275];
impossible to construct railways in India without it, [278].
Guernsey, no railways in, [314].
Halifax, Nova Scotia, [304];
its magnificent harbour, [306].
Hamburg, postage stamps in, how called, note, [142].
Hand books, continental, [317].
Hannibal, his army crosses the Alps, [6].
Hanover, postage stamps in, how called, [142].
Harrow School, [216];
distinguished men educated there, [217].
“Haste, post haste,” defined, note, [158].
Hatton, Sir Christopher, note, [324].
Hauenstein Tunnel, the, its ventilation, [415];
cold, how excluded, [416].
Haupt, General, his tunnel boring machine, [385].
Hawkshaw, John, Esq., C.E., his tunnel under the Mersey, [393];
his borings between Calais and Dover, [398].
Haywood, William, Esq., engineer of the Corporation of London, [322].
Head, Sir Francis, Bart., quotations from his “Stokers and Pokers,” [196], [197], [198], [224].
Helvellyn, the highest mountain in England, note, [9].
Henry VI., founder of Eton College, note, [216].
Hermit, winner of the Derby, 1867, [186].
Hibbert, the late Mrs., “Generalissima,” note, [227], [228].
High Peak Railway, Mr. Fell’s experiments upon the, [338].
Highgate, intended tunnel through, [369].
Highland Railway, the, note, [237], [238].
Hill, Mr. Frederick, Assistant-Secretary of the Post Office, supports his brother’s views respecting purchase of railways;
his ignorance of their working, [118];
his anticipations if the State purchase British railways, [123];
his assertions answered, [124];
differences between Mr. Hill and Postmaster-General’s Reports, [130];
Mr. Hill believed to be the writer of them, [131];
his evidence before the Committee on Postal and Telegraph Communications with the East, note, [266].
Hill, Mr. M. D., his article on the Post Office, in Fraser’s Magazine, note, [98], [137].
Hill, Sir Rowland, K.C.B., appointed on the Royal Commission on Railways, [115];
dissents from report, his reasons, [117];
the chief witnesses in his support, [118];
real reasons for his recommendations, [118];
what they are, [132].
Hilmer, Mr. B., his subway between France and England, [398].
Hofer, Andreas, [12].
Holborn, past and present, note, [323].
Holborn Viaduct and Embankment, the, described, [321], [328].
Holland, postage stamps in, how called, note, [142].
Holyhead and Kingstown, the magnificent steamers between, note, [95].
Holyhead Mail, the old and the new compared, [46].
Honduras railway, the, [312].
Hooghley, the river, importance of a railway bridge across, [247].
Hoosac Tunnel, the, [385].
Hora di Roma, note, [158].
Horse boxes, their use in railway traffic, [46].
Horse, the, and the locomotive compared, [186];
its power of ascending elevations, [321].
Horses, numbers required for mail coaches in 1839, [93];
number required if the Post Office reverted to mail coaches, [94].
Hotel accommodation required at Bombay, note, [259].
Howell, Mr., Secretary of the Peninsular and Australian Navigation Company, [95].
Humber, the, proposed railway tunnel under, [394].
Ice, conveyance of, by railway, [156].
Imperial railway train for the Emperor Napoleon, [33].
Inchicore locomotive and carriage establishment, [209].
Inclines, the Oldham, Lancashire, and Yorkshire Railway, note, [5].
India, population of, British exports to, [53];
railways in, [245], see [Railways];
marvellous development of, [297];
its debt, note, [298];
cotton imported from, [299];
what quantity produced, note, ib.;
army that must be maintained there, note, [300].
Indus River, the, how it must be crossed at Attock, note, [278].
Indus steam flotilla, the, [262].
Indus Valley Railway, the, [262].
Insurance Act, the Post Office, [101].
Intercolonial Railway, the proposed, [304].
Ireland, Cairn Tual, the highest mountain in, note, [9];
population of, note, [34];
railways in, [43];
railway animosity in, [44];
probable reduction of high fares, [45];
production of coal in, note, [49];
sums paid by Post Office to railways in, [108];
railway gauge in, note, [110];
report of royal commissioners upon, [116];
dissentients, [117];
absence of locomotive manufacturers in, [192];
canal navigation of, [368];
railway tunnels in, [371], [373].
Iron, British coal consumed in the manufacture of, [51];
King Iron, note, [ib.];
how he should be heard at St. Stephen’s, [208].
Isle of Man Railway prospects, [314].
Isle of Wight Railway, the, [314].
Isthmus of Suez Railway, [95];
canal, note, ib., note, [265].
Italy, mountains of, note, [8];
postage stamps in, how called, note, [142];
mileage of railways in, note, [297];
ancient tunnels in, [364];
railway tunnels, [380];
its railway system, [427].
Jamaica Railway, the, [311].
Jeddo, distance from St. Francisco, [22].
Jerrold, Blanchard, one of the workman’s best friends, [228].
Jersey, no railway at present in, [314].
Jerusalem, explorations in, [360].
Kensington, its frequent use in London street nomenclature, note, [36].
Kilometres, how to convert into English miles, [331].
Kingstown and Holyhead, magnificent steamers between, note, [95].
Kurhurbali Coal-field, [287].
Kurrachee Harbour, its present unfitness as a harbour, note, [264].
La Vallée, M. Charles, “Les Chemins de Fer en France,” [30].
Labouchere, Mr., his speech upon railways, 1838, [74].
Labuan, coal prospects in, [288].
Ladies’ dogs carried on railways, note, [171].
Lancashire, production of coal in, note, [49].
Lange, Daniel A., Esq., English representative of the Suez Maritime Canal Company, note, [95], note, [265].
Lanslebourg, the Mont Cenis village of, [332].
Lardner, Dr. Dionysius, Treatise on Railway economy, [61].
Late trains, [166].
Lawyers at Crewe, [204].
Layard, H. A., Esq., M.P., his opinion upon a railway through Persia, &c., to India, [300];
upon Assyrian antiquities, [359].
Leeds, rainfall in, [281].
Leicestershire, production of coal in, note, [49].
Letter postage, low as contrasted with high newspaper postage; its effects; necessity of its reduction upon local letters, note, [81].
Letter writing among the working classes, [205].
Letters, number of, in 1839 and 1840, [75];
number circulating in France, note, [81];
transmission alone gives them value, [141].
Lewins, William, “Her Majesty’s Mails,” [103].
Liechtenstei, the smallest state in the World, note, [34].
Life boats, the, of the National Association, their great use in saving life, [183].
Liffey, the, proposed railway tunnel under, [394].
Lille, population of, note, [31].
Limited mail, the, its speed, [109], [237].
Linsdale Tunnel, [220].
Little St. Bernard, the, crossed by Hannibal’s army, [7];
easiest Alpine pass, [8].
Live stock conveyed on British railways, [40], [47].
Liverpool and Manchester Railway opened, [2];
“Rocket” engine tried upon, [5];
contents of first goods train conveyed upon it, [66];
used by the Post Office as soon as opened, [73];
speed upon, [109].
Liverpool, its postal arrangements with Manchester, note, [124];
rainfall in, note, [281].
Local letters, the most profitable to the Post Office, note, [81];
history of their development in London since 1800, note, [82].
Locke, the late Joseph, M.P., [4], [195].
Locomotive engine and the horse compared, [186];
ride upon one from London to Stafford and back, [210].
Locomotive engines, number of, on British railways, [45].
London and Birmingham Railway incorporated, [2];
opened, [ib.];
immediately used by the Post Office, [73].
London and North-Western Railway, length, [23];
cost, [28];
passenger traffic, [33];
rolling stock and train mileage in 1847, [38];
in 1866, [39];
receipts, [ib.];
its London coal traffic likely to diminish, [48];
its locomotive establishment at Crewe, [194];
carriage establishment at Wolverton, [199];
waggon establishment at Earlestown, [200];
its minor repairing shops, [201];
rail manufactory at Crewe, [201].
London, Chatham and Dover Railway, [15];
Workman’s trains, [63];
its locomotive and carriage establishment, [209].
London (City), mortality in, note, [35].
London General Omnibus Company, passengers carried by the, [35].
London, population of, [34];
its motive habits, [35], [37];
street nomenclature, note, [36];
dependent upon railways for its food supply, [70];
carriage accidents in, note, [181];
rainfall in, note, [281].
Long Hedge locomotive and carriage establishment, [209].
Lubeck, postage stamps in, how called, note, [142].
Lukmainer Alpine Pass, the, [10];
proposed tunnel through, [409].
Luxemburg, the Duchy of, inconveniences if annexed to France, note, [143].
Lyons, population of, note, [31];
the Croix Rousse Railway, [32].
Lytton, Lord, obtained the reduction of the Newspaper duty in 1836, note, [80].
Madras, population of, [259].
Madras Railway, its course, [255];
traffic, [256];
small amount of its working expenses, [289];
freedom from accidents to passengers, [291].
Madrid, its magnificent water supply, [384].
Mail bags, [90];
conveyance of by ordinary trains, [139], [463].
Mail coaches, their speed, [56], [109];
passengers carried by them in 1837, [57];
their numbers, weights they carried, [93];
numbers required if Post Office now resorted to conveyance by them, [93], [94], [95];
more costly proportionately than railways, [137];
that formerly left London each evening, [443];
payments to, [457];
dimensions for postal purposes, [466].
Mail Contract Packets, excluded from expenses of Post Office until 1860, [94].
Mails, weight of, [92];
prices paid to railways for conveyance of, [95], [106], [446];
day, [106].
Man, his power of ascending elevations by steps, [321].
Manchester and Birmingham Railway, [4].
Manchester, its postal connection with Liverpool, note, [124];
the city described, note, [125];
rainfall in, note, [281].
Manners, Lord John, his tardy mode of doing business, note, [242].
Marseilles, from Paris, time of journey in 1672, [1];
the Liverpool of the Mediterranean, [24];
population of, note, [31];
from Edinburgh to, [157];
distance to Alexandria, [429];
its growth and development, [497].
Matheson, Alexander, Esq., M.P., his efforts to establish the Dingwell and Skye Railway, note, [239].
Mauritius Railway, the, [313].
Meat, imports of, [71];
conveyance of, by American railways, note, [156].
Merchandise conveyed on British railways, [40], [47].
Merchant Tailors’ School, note, [217].
Mersey, the, Mr. Hawkshaw’s tunnel under, [393].
Messina, the Straits of, [434];
marvellous bridge across, [ib.];
mail steamers between Marseilles and Malta to go through the Straits, note, [432].
Metre, the, its equivalent in English measure, [331].
Metropolitan District Railway, the, described, [389].
Metropolitan Railway, passengers conveyed in, [35];
its workman’s trains, [62];
described, [387];
character of the atmosphere in it, [419];
cause of the pungent smell in it, [422];
efforts made to ensure the best ventilation, [423];
excellent health of the employés, [424].
Midland Railway incorporated, [3];
present length, [ib.];
its importance for the conveyance of coal to London, [48].
Mileage, British Postal, on Railways, [38], [105], [138];
variety of its cost for all modes of conveyance, [123].
Mileage, train, of British Railways, [40], [47].
Minerals conveyed on British railways, [40], [47];
their rapid increase in recent years, [69].
Mining, tunnels connected with, [396];
shafts ditto, note, [411].
Mississippi, proposed sub-aqueous bridge for, [395].
Monadnock on free trade, note, [151];
his arguments refuted, note, [153].
Money Orders, documents connected with them, that pass through the Post Office, [87];
absence of complete information respecting them, note, [98];
amount of, in 1865, [98].
Moniteur des Interets Materiels, [32].
Mont Blanc, the highest mountain in Europe, [8].
Mont Cenis, height above sea level, [319];
its height described, [321];
gradients of, [331];
Mr. Fell’s experiments upon, [339];
Captain Tyler’s trials, [340];
concession for the railway, [349];
the works described, [350];
level crossings, [351];
the railway at Susa, [352];
Zig-zags, [353];
protection from snow and avalanches, ib.;
stations, [355];
the engines for working the line, [356];
its great rival, [358].
Morley, Professor Henry, his description of Englishmen, note, [167].
Mormons, head quarters, [19];
their contributions to the Union Pacific Railroad, [21].
Mountains, early desire to construct railways over them, [5];
height of, throughout the world, note, [8].
Mousell, the Right Hon. Wm., appointed on the Royal Commission on Railways, [115];
dissents from Report, [117].
Munich, distance from London, [15].
Murray’s Hand Books the best published, [317].
Nantes, population of, note, [31].
Naples, distance from London, viâ Brenner Pass, note, [15];
viâ Mont Cenis, [437].
Napoleon I. crossed the Great St. Bernard, [9];
narrow escape from death there, [ib.]
Napoleon III., Imperial Railway Train for, [33];
his appreciation of the Centre Rail System, [349];
Extract from his Vie de Cæsar, [365].
Natal Railway, the proposed, [313].
National Debt, the, [151];
compared with capital invested in railways, [ib.]
National Life Boat Institution, the great benefit it confers, [183].
Nederschindermanderscheid, a Luxemburg postal town, note, [144], [194].
Nevada, State of, [19].
New Brunswick, railways in, [304].
New South Wales, railways in, [307];
first locomotive made in, note, [ib.];
amount of traffic, [310].
New Zealand, railway tunnel in, [386].
Newcastle, rainfall in, note, [281].
Newspapers, number of, circulating through the Post in 1839 and 1840, [75];
misrepresentations by the Post Office respecting, [80];
stamps for, issued, from 1835 to 1854, note, [ib.];
effect of high postal charge for their transmission, and comparative low charge for letters, note, [81];
erroneous Post Office statements respecting, [81], [83], [87], [452].
Nine Elms Locomotive and Carriage establishment, [209].
North of Scotland, railway distances from, to Dover and Penzance, [240].
North Wales, production of coal in, note, [49].
Northampton, its hostility to the London and Birmingham Railway, [233].
Northern of France Railway, its powerful engines, [189].
Northumberland, production of coal in, note, [49].
Nottinghamshire, production of coal in, note, [49].
Nova Scotia, railways in, [304].
Oberschindermanderscheid, a Luxemburg postal town, note, [144], [194].
Officials of railways, their general good conduct, [174];
difficulties of their positions and duties when accidents occur, [175];
numbers killed and injured, [177];
numbers employed in Great Britain, [211];
their love of banging carriage doors, note, [213].
Oldham, Mr., superintendent of the geological survey of India, his opinion as to coal being found there, [288].
Omaha, terminus of the Union Pacific Railroad, [19].
Orleans Railway Company, length, [23];
its first conception, [25];
cost, [28];
traffic receipts, [29];
passengers conveyed, [31];
engine mileage, [37];
goods traffic, [39].
Otranto, the Port and Castle of, [432].
Oudry, M., his bridge across the Straits of Messina, [434].
Overland Californian Mail, the, [18];
the “Pony Express,” [ib.]
Pacific islands, mountains and volcanoes of, note, [10].
Pacific Railroad, the Union, described, [17].
Page, Mr. Edward, Inspector-General of Mails, his personal character, [83];
his report, [ib.];
cause of its being issued, [85];
error in the mode Mr. Page makes his computations, [ib.];
omissions in his calculations, [86], [92];
his assertions disproved, [92], [94];
one of Sir Rowland Hill’s witnesses in favour of the State purchasing railways, [118], [132];
his report of 1856, [439];
increased weight of mails under penny postage system would not have prevented their carriage by mail coaches, [440];
weight increased less than supposed, [441];
comparative cost of road and railway mails, [443];
relations between the railway companies and the Post Office, [444];
arbitration, [445];
prices paid to railway companies, [446];
Mr. Page denies illiberal treatment, [447];
mails by railway companies’ guards, [448];
payment by passengers and Post Office compared, [448];
competition from parcels post, [449];
manner in which railways have improved postal communication, [452];
Mr. R. Stephenson’s reply to Mr. Page, [454]. See Stephenson.
Palmerston, Lord, educated at Harrow, [218].
Paper versus letters, [141].
Parcels, post, by the Post Office not approved by the Royal Commissioners of Railways, [121];
Mr. Frederick Hill’s
method of removing the chief difficulty in its establishment, [124];
Mr. Page’s views, [449].
Paris, Lyons, and Mediterranean railway, length, [23];
cost of construction, [28];
traffic receipts, [29];
engine mileage, [37];
goods traffic, [39];
its hostility to the Mont Cenis Railway, [492].
Paris to Marseilles, time of journey in 1672, [1];
present distance from London, [15].
Paris to St. Michel, [316].
Parliament, incompetence of, as regards railway legislation, [165].
Parliamentary reports, the Post Office thereon, [444];
their assertions refuted, [474].
Pascal, note, [10].
Passenger traffic on French railways, [30], [31];
on railways terminating in London, [37];
on British railways, [40];
third class, its immense increase, [47];
number carried in the United Kingdom in 1837 and subsequent years, [58];
cause of immense increase of third class, [61].
Passengers conveyed on British railways, [40], [166];
accidents to, [176];
numbers conveyed on Indian railways, [291], [297];
accidents to, on Indian railways, [290].
Patterns, numbers transmitted by post incorrectly stated by Post Office, note, [81];
first carried in 1863, [98].
Peel, Sir Robert, educated at Harrow, [218].
Peninsular and Oriental Steam Packet Company, increased postal subsidy required by it, note, [241];
services performed by it, note, [268];
its new contract, note, [430];
its history traced, [482].
Penny postage, date of its commencement, [75].
Penzance, Railway distance from, to North of Scotland, [240].
Persia, the long railway will pass through it, [271];
opinion of Mr. A. H. Layard, M.P., thereon, [300].
Perth, speed of limited mail to, [109], [237].
Periodical tickets on railways, numbers of, [64].
Peshawer and Lahore Railway Company, the, difference of opinion respecting its construction, [278].
Phipps, G. H., Esq., C.E., on tunnel construction, note, [375].
Pigs and piglings at Wolverton, note, [225];
disputed statistics of, [231].
Pistoja, railway from, across the Apennines, [344];
its working expenses, [346].
Poland, unpronounceable post towns in, note, [144].
Policemen at Crewe, [204].
Pondicherry, railways for, [257];
population and area of, note, [ib.]
Pony express, the Transatlantic, described, [18].
Population of chief cities of France, note, [31];
of London, [34];
of India, [53];
of United Kingdom in 1837 and subsequent years, [57].
Port Canning Company, the, [274].
Porta Cæsaris Augusti, Susa, [6].
Portugal, mountains of, note, [9].
Post haste defined, note, [158].
Post horse duty, the, not diminished by the opening of railways, [59].
Post Office, the, has produced many literary men, note, [103].
Post Office, the, its railway mileage, [38];
railways used by the department from the earliest period, [73];
its jealousy of railways; [ib.];
the Bill of 1838, [ib.];
largely modified in its passage through the House of Commons, [74];
introduction of the penny postage system, sudden increase of letters, [75];
hostility of the department to railways, [76];
its outcry against arbitration, [ib.];
extracts from Postmaster-General’s Second Report, [77];
its fallacies, [79];
misrepresentations, [80];
Mr. Edward Page’s Report, [83];
number of horses necessary if the Post Office reverted to mail coach conveyance, [94], [95];
mails could not be carried across the Isthmus of Suez but for the railway, [96];
Post Office service must have broken down but for railways, [97];
savings banks, [99];
the Insurance and Annuities Act, [101];
Bill for “Further Provision for the Conveyance of Mails by Railway,” [103];
withdrawn before second reading, [104];
apparently better feeling of the Post Office to railways, [ib.];
it is a complete mistake, [115];
present arrangements with railways, [105];
amounts paid to railways for conveyance of mails, [106];
objection to its taking to parcels traffic, [121];
impossible to define payments to railways by Act of Parliament, [122];
can only be settled by arbitration, [123];
the official supporters of Sir Rowland Hill’s recommendations, [132];
railways proportionably less costly to the department than mail coaches, [137];
immense facilities it derives from railways, [138];
unreasonableness of its demands, [139];
day mails in charge of railway guards, [140];
hollowness of Post Office pretences, [144];
discreditable proceeding in 1855, [145];
impossible to satisfy postal officials, [146];
remedies suggested, [ib.];
statistical blunders of the department, [230];
its costly blunder, note, [241];
its tardy mode of doing business, note, [243];
constantly increasing its demands upon railways, [462];
advantages to, from railways, [459];
unjustifiable tone of, to railways, [478].
See also [Page], [Stephenson].
Post offices, number of, in the United Kingdom, [89], [450].
Postage stamps, number transmitted through the mails, [88];
weight of, note, [89];
general information respecting, note, [142];
suppressed, note, [143];
only available for newspapers sent abroad, [473].
Postal communication with India, [247];
its future accelerations, [266], [272].
Postal Guide, the, Post Office notice respecting, [79];
first issued in 1855, [91];
not implicitly to be relied upon, note, [ib.]
Postmaster-General’s reports. See [Reports].
Postmasters, great increase of documents sent by them by railway, [88].
Poultry, the (City of London), should be immediately widened, [327].
Preference share capital of railways, [149].
Provident Fund, the, of the East Indian Railway, [293];
its insufficiency, [294].
Prussia, fastest trains in, [113];
postage stamps in, note, [142], [143];
mileage of railways in, note, [297].
Punch, Mr., his admonition to government officials, note, [242].
Punjaub Railway, the, [272].
Puy de Dome, Pascal’s observations upon, note, [10].
Queensland, railways in, [308];
the difficulties and expenses of their construction, [309].
“Quicksilver” mail in the olden days, [110].
Rails, iron and steel, manufactured at Crewe, [201].
Railway guards in charge of mails, [140].
Railway run, the longest without stopping for water, [111].
Railway subways and tunnels between France and England, [396].
Railway system, the, its immense power and magnitude, [152].
Railway, the centre rail on the Mont Cenis, the experimental line, [339].
Railway, the first passenger, in England, [2].
Railway, the Isthmus of Suez, [95].
Railway, the Long, [271], [300].
Railways and the Post Office. See [Post Office].
Railways, Australian, their moderate amount at present, [306];
in New South Wales, [307];
Victoria and Queensland, [308];
difficult works in the latter, [309];
South Australia, [310];
New Zealand, [ib.]
Railways, Canadian, necessity for their construction, [301];
the first railways, [302];
the present system, [304];
their length and cost, [305];
their eventual extent, [306].
Railways, Colonial, Demerara, Jamaica, Trinidad, [311];
Honduras, Cape of Good Hope, [312];
Natal, Mauritius, Ceylon, [314].
Railways, continental, date of their construction, [12];
French railways, [24];
their length, [27];
modern cheap lines, [31];
fastest trains on, [112]; from Calais to Constantinople, [270].
Railways, English, miles constructed from 1843 to 1867, [360];
published traffic receipts incorrect, note, [ib.];
capital expended upon them, [28], [40];
revenue from passengers and goods, train mileage, working expenses, [40];
Irish, [43];
Scotch, [ib.];
rolling stock upon British, [45];
continual development of the system, [47];
advantages of, to the community, [56];
number of passengers carried on them, [57];
their importance in the conveyance of food, [70];
hostility of the Post Office to, [73], [146];
present arrangements with the department, [105];
amounts paid to them, [106], [138];
speed on, [109];
gauge of, note, [110];
Royal Commission upon, [115];
character of the report of the Royal Commissioners thereon, [116];
recommendations and opinions as regards railways and the Post Office, [119];
impossible to pass a general act as proposed, [122];
railways less costly proportionately than mail coaches, [137];
immense facilities they afford the Post Office, [139];
their duties towards the department and the public, [144], [145];
capital of, receipts, working expenses, and profits, [147];
dividends, [ib.];
as compared with the national debt, [151];
powers of, for conveyance of every article of commerce, [152];
for personal locomotion [157];
value to the humbler classes, [158];
railways and free trade the twin sisters of progress, [165];
working and traffic of, [166];
accidents upon, [176];
locomotive and carriage repairing shops of, [209];
number of men employed upon, [211];
prices paid to, by Post Office, [446];
their benefits to the Post Office, as estimated by Mr. Page, [452];
monopoly, alleged, as regards the Post Office refuted, [475].
Railways in India:
the East Indian, [245];
Great Indian Peninsular, [252];
Madras, [255];
Bombay, Baroda, and Central India, [258];
Scinde, [261];
Indus Valley (proposed), [262];
Euphrates Valley (proposed), [263];
Punjaub, [272];
Delhi, [273];
Eastern Bengal, Calcutta, and South-Eastern, [ib.];
Great Southern, [274];
future railways, the guarantee, [275];
working expenses, [280];
difference of working expenses upon, [289];
reasons for their being high, [281];
iron-sleepers, [282];
fuel, [284];
accidents, [290];
provident fund of the East India Railway Company, [293];
objections to, [294];
rolling stock, [295];
commercial advantages of their construction to England, [296];
National importance of Indian railways, [297];
their mileage as compared with other countries, [297].
Railways of Italy described, [427].
Railways, rapidity of their construction in America, [20].
Railways throughout the world, note, [211].
Rainfall in India, [255], note, [281];
in England, ib.
Ramsbottom, John, the head of the Crewe establishment, [200].
Raneegunge coal-field, the, [286].
Receipts of British railways, [40];
their constant increase, [47];
percentage of, to working expenses, [55], [147].
Receptacles for letters in England, [97];
in France, note, [ib.]
Remington, George, Esq., C.E., his proposed tunnel between France and England, [398].
Reports of the Postmaster-General, their first issue, note, [76];
two not dated, [ib.];
extract from second Report, [77];
its fallacies, [79];
misrepresentations, [80];
errors in the 12th, note, [81];
in the 3rd, [82];
unceasing changes in the modes of compiling them, [83];
difficulty of understanding the statistics contained in them, [89];
facetia, note, [105];
extraordinary contradictions between the 9th and 12th, note, [121];
constant references to postal accelerations, [130];
Mr. Frederick Hill believed to be the writer of them, [131];
they abound in misstatements, [467].
Reuss-Greiz, the second smallest state in the world, note, [34].
Revue des Deux Mondes, [22], note, [97].
Rice, Mr. Spring, his speech upon railways, 1838, [74].
“Rocket” engine, the, [5].
Rocky Mountains crossed by the Union Pacific Railroad, [20].
Rolling stock on British railways, [45].
“Roman Railways” Company, the, [436].
Rome, distance from London viâ Brenner Pass, note, [15];
time of journey to, in 1834, [157];
ancient, saved by the hissing of a goose, [213];
present population of, note, [436].
Rouen, population of, note, [31].
Royal Commissioners of railways, their names, [115];
character of their report, its main recommendations, [116].
Rugby school, [217].
Rugby station, [235];
arrival of trains at, [234].
Rural postmen in France, note, [97].
Russia, unpronounceable post-towns in, note, [144];
mileage of railways in, note, [297].
Salmon, conveyance of, by railway, [156].
Salt Lake, [19].
Samos, ancient tunnel in, [364].
Samples and patterns incorrectly stated by Post Office, note, [81];
first carried in 1863, [98].
to Canton, [22];
to Jeddo, [ib.]
Sapperton Tunnel, the, its ventilation, [413].
Sardinia, mountains of, note, [8].
Savings Banks, Post Office, documents transmitted through the Post in consequence of them, [99];
their establishment “with the security of the Government,” [100];
is this undoubted? note, [ib.];
the business done by them, note, [101].
Saxony, mileage of railways in, note, [297].
Schindermanderscheid, a Luxemburg postal town, note, [144], [194].
Scinde Railway, the, [260];
its traffic, [261];
working expenses, [290].
Scotland, mountains of, note, [9];
railways in, [43];
production of coals in, note, [49];
amounts paid by Post Office to railways in, [108];
locomotive manufacturers in, [192];
north of, distances to Dover and Penzance, [240];
canals of, [368];
railway tunnels in, [371], [373].
Scudamore, Frank Ives, secretary of the Post Office, a distinguished author, note, [104];
not examined before Royal Commissioners on Railways, [133].
Sea-sickness, [15].
Seguier, Baron, his claim as inventor of the Centre Rail System, [337].
Semiramis, founder of Babylon, [358];
her resuscitation required, [435].
Service, Ambulant (postal), of France, the, note, [78].
Sevigny’s, Madame de, journey to Marseilles 1672, [1].
Shareholders, numbers of, in Indian railways, [276].
Sheffield, rainfall in, note, [281].
Ships, of the United Kingdom, statistics of, note, [182].
Shipwreck, losses of life from, [182], note, [183].
Shoddy-shoebility of Northampton, [233].
Shrewsbury Grammar School, note, [217].
Shropshire, production of coal in, note, [49].
Sicily, mountains of, note, [8].
Sierra Nevada Mountain, [19].
Simplon, the, [8];
height of, note, [319].
Skye and Dingwall Railway, note, [239].
Sleeping railway car, note, [303].
Sleepers, railway, iron in India, [282].
Sletvio Pass, the, [11].
Slow trains, difficulty of keeping time with them, [113].
Sœmmering Pass and Railway described, [12];
gradients upon, [344].
Somersetshire, production of coal in, note, [49].
South Australia, railways in, [310].
South Austrian and Alta-Italian Railway, length, [23];
described, [ib.];
cost of construction, [27];
traffic receipts, [29];
rolling stock, [37];
engine mileage, [ib.]
South-Eastern Railway, the, [15];
its locomotive and carriage establishment, [209].
South Wales, production of coal in, note, [49].
Southampton, its progress since 1840, note, [259];
distance to Alexandria, [429].
Spain, mountains of, note, [8];
postage stamps in, note, [142];
mileage of railways in, [297];
railway tunnels, [381];
its water canal, Isabel II, [384];
roadway communications, [ib.]
Speed on railways, [109];
if accelerated, position that Mr. Frederick Hill should take, [132].
Spezzia, the Italian Portsmouth, [433];
unfinished railway to, [438].
Spiers and Pond, Messrs., of buffet celebrity, [228].
Splugen Pass, the, [10];
height of, note, [319].
St. Etienne, population of, note, [31].
St. Germain and Paris, first railway in France, [25].
St. Gothard Alpine Pass, the, [9];
height of, note, [319];
proposed tunnel through, [409].
St. John’s Wood Railway, the, described, [390].
St. Michel, distance from London and Paris, [318].
St. Paul’s Cathedral, height of, [219], [321].
Staff, the, of Indian railways, its composition—insufficiency of the provident fund for, [292].
Staffordshire, production of coal in, note, [49]; canal navigation.
Stage coaches, their speed, [56], [109];
passengers carried by them in 1837, [57].
Stamps, newspaper, note, [80];
letter, first use of, note, [141];
the author of those now in use, [141];
premium for the first design of, note, [142].
Steam Vessels, British, number of, [50];
passengers carried by them in 1837, [57];
statistics of, note, [162].
Steel rails, manufactory of, at Crewe, [201];
value and importance of, note, [202];
use of in India, [284].
Stephenson, the late Robert, M.P., extract from his inaugural address to the Institution of Civil Engineers, [83];
upon railway tunnels, [370];
answer to the report of Mr. Page, Inspector General of mails, [454];
tendency of his report, [455];
errors respecting the Dover day mail train, [456];
travelling post offices, [457];
payments to railways not higher than to mail coaches, ib.;
services to the Post Office and the public compared, [460], [464];
cost of running trains, [461];
mail bags by ordinary trains, [463];
argument that the penny postal system would be cheaper by horse than by railway power, refuted, [465];
unjustifiable competition of the Post Office, [470];
Post Office threats against the railways, [475];
alleged monopoly, [476];
treatment of the railways by Government, [477];
unjustifiable tone towards railways, [478].
“Stokers and Pokers,” by Sir Francis Head, Bart., quotations from, [196], [197], [198], [224].
Storrow, Mr. Charles, his interesting information upon tunnel ventilation, [411];
his report upon the tunnel of the Alps, [426].
Strasbourg, population of, note, [31].
Stratford locomotive and carriage establishment, [209].
Strickland, Miss Agnes, on crinoline, note, [210].
Strike upon the Eastern Counties Railway in 1849, note, [161].
Strikes, their injurious effects upon workmen, note, [159], note, [161].
Sturgey, the immaculate, note, [243].
Styria, mountains of, note, [8].
Subways and tunnels between France and England, [396].
Suez Canal, note, [95], note, [265].
Suez, Isthmus of, Railway, [95];
Eastern mails, how conveyed upon, note, [269];
iron sleepers upon, [282].
Sugar, imports of, [72].
Suicide upon Railways, [177].
Sultan, the, his views on railways, [270].
Susa, Porta Cæsaris Augusti, at, [6];
the centre rail at, [352].
Sutherland Railway, the, [239].
Sweden, mountains of, note, [8];
postage stamps in, [142].
Swindon, locomotive and carriage establishment, [209].
Switzerland, mountains of, note, [8];
postage stamps in, note, [142];
locomotive building establishment in, [194];
railway tunnels in, [380];
Hauenstein Tunnel described, [415].
Tarento, the Italian Plymouth, [433].
Tea, imports and consumption of, [71];
passage of, between London and Liverpool, [155].
Telegraph between London and California, [19].
Telegraphs in India, great expenses and difficulties connected with them, note, [281].
Tenders of engines, their water holding capacities, [219].
Teneriffe, Peak of, its height, note, [10].
Thames subway, Mr. Barlow’s, [395].
Thames Tunnel, the, [376].
Third class carriages used by people for whom they were never intended, note, [61].
Third class passengers, their enormous increase on British railways, [47];
cause, [61].
Thouvenot, M., his colossal engine, [190].
Thull Ghaut, the, [254].
Thurn and Taxis, postal privileges of the house of, note, [143].
Thurso, sleepy, [240];
the most northern town in Scotland, its postal facilities, note, [241].
Timber, advantages of railways in the conveyance of, [155];
inapplicable for sleepers in India, [282].
Timbromaniacs, note, [142].
Time, difference of, between London and Dublin, note, [111];
between London, Paris and Rome, note, [158].
Tinsley, Brothers, Messrs., publishers of “Some Habits and Customs of the Working Classes,” [205].
Toulouse, population of, note, [31].
Traffic, receipts of English railways incorrectly published, note, [3];
of South Austrian and Alta Italia, [29];
of Paris, Lyons and Mediterranean, [ib.];
of Orleans Company, [ib.];
London and North-Western, [39];
of British railways, [40].
Trains behind time, [113], [166];
accidents to, [175];
cost of running them, [461].
Transmission, postal, gives value to letters, [141].
Travelling post offices, their introduction on English railways, note, [77];
superiority of arrangements connected with them all over the continent, as compared with those in England, [ib.];
staff of, [78];
their advantages, [453], [457].
Trespassers on railways, killed and injured, [177].
Trinidad Railway, the proposed, [311].
Trollope, Anthony, [104].
Trotting horses, American, the pace of, [188].
Trough for watering engines, [111], [232].
Tunnel of the Alps, the, described, [403];
progress, [404];
ventilation, [405];
gradients, [406];
their effects in working the railway, [417];
time to be occupied in going through, [418].
Tunnels, their antiquity, [358];
under the Euphrates, [359];
at Jerusalem, [360];
the earliest in Europe, [364];
the first under the Alps, [366];
canal tunnels, [368];
Highgate, [369];
length of, in Great Britain, [370];
the chief enumerated, [371];
cost, [375];
the Thames Tunnel, [376];
tunnels in France, [377];
Belgium, Switzerland, Italy, [380];
Spain, [381];
United States, [385];
New Zealand, [386];
Metropolitan Railway, [387];
Metropolitan district, [388];
St. John’s Wood, [390];
Britannia Tubular Bridge, [391];
Victoria ditto, [ib.;]
tunnels suggested under the Mersey, [393];
the Liffy, the Thames, [394];
at Attock, [395];
tunnels in mines, [396];
between France and England, [397];
under the Atlantic, [400];
ventilation of, [411].
Turkey, railways for, [270].
Turpin’s ride to York, note, [215].
Tyler, Captain, R.E., his experiments on the Mont Cenis, [339];
practical deductions therefrom, [342];
his comparisons of working expenses, [346];
of costs of construction, [347];
extract from his Report to the Board of Trade, [ib.];
his views on costs of the tunnel of the Alps, [408];
his opinion as to the Brindisi route, [430];
does not visit Otranto, [432].
Ulcers, Post Office, remedies suggested to cure them, [146].
Undertakers at Crewe, [204].
Union Pacific Railroad, the, described, [17];
by whom constructed, [21];
cost, [ib.]
United States Mails in 1839 and 1855, [91];
railway mileage of, note, [211];
proportion to population, [305];
railway tunnels, [385].
Utah, contribution of, to the Union Pacific Railroad, [21].
Vandal, Monsieur, Directeur-General des Postes Françaises, note, [98];
on railway distances in France and England, [240];
his views upon contract packet services, [268].
Varne, Islet de, its proposed sub-aqueous railway station, [398].
“Vede Napoli e Mori,” [438].
Ventilation of tunnels, [411];
means to ensure its efficiency in the Metropolitan Railway, [423].
Vesuvius, height of, note, [9].
Victoria Bridge, Montreal, the, described, [391].
Victoria, railways in, [308];
amount of traffic, [310].
Vignoles, Mr. Charles B., first patentee of the centre rail, [336].
Volcano, extinct, railway tunnel through, [386].
Volcanoes in the world, [10].
Von Reaumont, Alfred, History of Rome, [436].
Wales, North and South, production of coal in, note, [49];
unpronounceable post towns in, note, [144].
Wallis, the late Robert, Esq., M.P., his committee on postal reform, [137].
Warren, Lieut., R.E., his explorations at Jerusalem, [360].
Warwickshire, production of coal in, note, [49].
Watches and engines compared, [244].
Water supply to Crewe in 1849, [197], in 1867, [205].
Water supply to Madrid described, [384].
Water tower, the, of the Crystal Palace, railway tunnel under, note, [375].
Weedon, its deadly liveliness, [234].
Wellington, the Duke of, sends to Rome in 1834;
time occupied in the journey, [157].
West India mails, the, in 1839 and 1855, [91].
Westbourne, its frequent use in London street nomenclature, note, [36].
Westminster school, note, [217].
Widows from Wolverton, [229];
married, “no cards,” [230].
Winchester school, note, [216].
Worcestershire, production of coal in, note, [49].
Word-coining approved of by the Archbishop of Dublin, note [167].
Wolverton carriage establishment, [199];
station and repairing shops, [221];
statistics of, [ib.];
churches and schools, [222];
the refreshment rooms, [224].
Working expenses of British railways, [40], [147];
per centage of, to receipts, [55];
rate per cent. for twelve leading companies, [56].
Working expenses of Indian railways, causes why they must be high, periodical inundations, [280];
iron sleepers, [282];
fuel, [284];
differ very much on different lines, [289];
on the Alpine and Apennine railways, [346].
Workman’s trains, [62].
Wynter, Dr., the London Commisseriat, [70].
Yard, its proportion to the French metre, [331].
Yates, Edmund, note, [104].
Yonge, the Rev. T. E., note, [169].
York, the locomotive and carriage establishment of the North-Eastern Company at, [209].
Yorkshire, production of coal in, note, [49].