CONTENTS
| PAGE | |
| Introductory | [xxiii] |
| [PART I] | |
| ASPIRATION (1820–1854) | |
| CHAPTER I | |
| CHILDHOOD AND EDUCATION | |
| (1820–1839) | |
| Name, ancestry, and parentage. II. Her father's circumstances—Herearly homes—Lea Hurst (Derbyshire)—Mrs.Gaskell's description—Embley Park (Hampshire). III.Early years—Country life—Domestic interests—A morbidstrain. IV. Mr. Nightingale's education of his daughters—History,the classics, philosophy—Anecdotes of Florence's supposedearly vocation to nursing—The date of her “call to God”.(1837). V. The Grand Tour (1837–9)—Interest in socialand political conditions—Italian refugees at Geneva—Talkswith Sismondi—Visit to Florence—Gaieties and music. VI.A winter in Paris (1838–9)—Friendship with Mary Clarke(Madame Mohl)—Madame Récamier's salon. Social “temptations” | [3] |
| CHAPTER II | |
| HOME LIFE | |
| (1839–1845) | |
| A struggle for freedom. Life in London—Music—The BedchamberPlot. II. Country-house life—The charm of Embley—Contrastbetween Florence and her sister. III. The familycircle—Florence's “boy”—Florence as “Emergency Man”—Herold nurse—Letter to Miss Clarke on the death ofM. Fauriel—Theatricals at Waverley Abbey—Florence asstage-manager. IV. Friends and neighbours—Lord Palmerston—LouisaLady Ashburton—Mrs. Bracebridge. V.Florence's conversation—Social attractiveness—Personalappearance: descriptions by Lady Lovelace and Mrs. Gaskell.VI. Dissatisfaction in social life—Desultoriness of a girl's lifeat home—The misery of being read aloud to—Housekeeping.VII. Increasing sense of a vocation—Private studies—Thoughtsof nursing—A first dash for liberty (1845): failure | [23] |
| CHAPTER III | |
| THE SPIRITUAL LIFE | |
| Dejection. Friendship with Miss Nicholson: religious experiencesand speculations—Letters to Miss Nicholson and MissClarke. II. The reality of the unseen world—The convictionof sin—The pains of hell—Hunger after righteousness—“Allfor the Love of God.” III. Independent development of MissNightingale's religious thought—The service of God as theservice of man—Her testing of religious doctrine by practicalresults—Her attitude to Roman Catholicism—Desire for achurch of works, not doctrines | [46] |
| CHAPTER IV | |
| DISAPPOINTMENT | |
| (1846–1847) | |
| “Disappointment's dry and bitter root.” Pursuit of her ideal—Obstaclesto her adoption of nursing—Social prejudices—Lowesteem of nurses at the time—The Kaiserswerth “Institutionfor Deaconesses.” II. Increasing distaste for the routine ofhome life. III. Social distractions (1847)—Jenny Lind—TheBritish Association at Oxford—Marriage of Miss Clarke—Countryvisits | [59] |
| CHAPTER V | |
| A WINTER IN ROME; AND AFTER | |
| (1847–1849) | |
| A tour that confirmed a vocation. Sight-seeing in Rome—Admirationfor Michael Angelo—The revelation of the SistineChapel—The obsession of Rome. II. Italian politics—PioNono as Patriot Hero. III. The convent of the Trinità de'Monti—Study of Roman doctrine and ritual—Friendship withthe Madre Sta. Colomba—A retreat in the convent—Thesecret of devotion. IV. Meeting with Mr. and Mrs. SidneyHerbert and with Manning—The London season—Friendshipwith Lord Shaftesbury—Self-reproaches. V. A projected visitto Kaiserswerth (1848): disappointment again—Acquaintancewith Guizot—Ragged school work in London | [69] |
| CHAPTER VI | |
| FOREIGN TRAVEL: EGYPT AND GREECE | |
| (1849–1850) | |
| Another fruitless distraction. A winter in Egypt—Thebes—Conditionof the people—Impressions of Egyptian scenery. II.Athens—Doric architecture—Greek scenery. III. Politicalaffairs—The “Don Pacifico” crisis—The Ionian Islands: aday with the High Commissioner. IV. American missionariesat Athens—Dresden—Visit to Kaiserswerth. V. The literary“temptation”—Her view of literary art—Her Letters fromEgypt | [84] |
| CHAPTER VII | |
| THE SINGLE LIFE | |
| The three paths. Why Florence Nightingale did not marry—Hercriticism of Dorothea in Middlemarch. II. Offers ofmarriage—Her ideal of marriage—The threefold nature. III.Self-devotion to her vocation—Determination to throw opennew spheres for women | [96] |
| CHAPTER VIII | |
| APPRENTICESHIP AT KAISERSWERTH | |
| (1851) | |
| The struggle for independence resumed. Want of sympathy betweenher and her parents and sister—Unhappiness at home—A“starved” life. II. Growing spirit of revolt—The need ofapprenticeship. III. Second visit to Kaiserswerth—Origin ofthe Institution—Account of its work—Her life there. IV.Craving for sympathy from her relations—Their hope that theapprenticeship would be only an episode | [104] |
| CHAPTER IX | |
| AN INTERLUDE | |
| (1852) | |
| The turning-point. Patience and serenity: waiting for an opportunity.II. With her father at Umberslade—The water cure—Deathof her Aunt Evans—Meeting with George Eliot and Mrs.Browning—Visits to Dublin and to Birk Hall (Sir JamesClark). III. Literary “Works”—Converse with her “AuntMai”—A new religion for the artizans. IV. A little piece ofdiplomacy—Florence to be free at some future specified time.V. A last attempt to keep her at home | [116] |
| CHAPTER X | |
| FREEDOM. PARIS AND HARLEY STREET | |
| (1853–October 1854) | |
| Visit to Paris—Study in the hospitals—Return to England:death of her grandmother. II. Miss Nightingale invited totake charge of an institution in Harley Street. III. Return toParis—Study with the Sisters of Charity—Illness. IV. Superintendentof the Harley Street “Hospital for Gentlewomen”—Thegentle art of managing committees—Her vocation found—Alast attempt to call her back. V. A holiday at Lea Hurst—Visitfrom Mrs. Gaskell—Outbreak of cholera: return toLondon. VI. Limited scope at Harley Street—Proposal toMiss Nightingale to become matron at King's College Hospital—LadyLovelace's prophecy | [127] |
| [PART II] | |
| THE CRIMEAN WAR (1854–1856) | |
| CHAPTER I | |
| THE CALL | |
| (October 1854) | |
| The Battle of the Alma—The Times special correspondent—Stateof the hospitals at Scutari—Popular indignation—Anappeal for nurses. II. Answer to the appeal—Lady MariaForester and Miss Nightingale—Sidney Herbert and MissNightingale. III. Letters that crossed—Miss Nightingale'soffer: Sidney Herbert's suggestion—Miss Nightingale'sofficial instructions. IV. Co-operation of the Times Fund—Selectionof nurses for the expedition. V. Miss Nightingale'sdemeanour—A pocket-book and some letters | [145] |
| CHAPTER II | |
| THE EXPEDITION—PROBLEMS AHEAD | |
| Start of the expedition—Failure to obtain Sisters of Charity inParis—Reception of the expedition in France—Departure fromMarseilles. II. Popular enthusiasm in England—Account ofMiss Nightingale in the newspapers—Public subscriptions—Othernurses volunteering. III. Miss Nightingale's plans—Importanceof her experiment—Difficulties ahead—Militaryprejudice: Sir Anthony Sterling's letters—Medical jealousy:Sir John Hall's letters—Religious rivalries—Miss Nightingale'spolicy | [162] |
| CHAPTER III | |
| THE HOSPITALS AT SCUTARI | |
| Arrival at the Golden Horn. The Scutari hospitals—TheGeneral Hospital—The Barrack Hospital: quarters of MissNightingale and her staff—The Palace Hospital—The KoulaliHospitals. II. State of the hospitals when Miss Nightingalearrived—Report of the Roebuck Committee—Terribledeath-rate—The root of the evil: division of responsibility—Needof individual initiative | [171] |
| CHAPTER IV | |
| THE EXPERT'S TOUCH | |
| The Battle of Balaclava. Miss Nightingale's reception at Scutari:letter from Lord Raglan—Difficulties with the doctors—MissNightingale at work in the wards—Difficulties with thenurses. II. Dispatch of a second party of nurses under MissStanley, accompanied by Mr. Jocelyne Percy—Miss Nightingale'sindignant surprise—Mr. Herbert's promise not to send outmore nurses except at her requisition—Danger of ruining theexperiment—Medical opposition—Aggravation of the religiousdifficulty—Arrangements for placing the Stanley party—Significanceof the episode in relation to the novelty of theexperiment. III. Deficiency of requisites in the hospitals—MissNightingale's appeal to the British Ambassador—Herwashing reforms—Her “Extra Diet” Kitchens—Alexis Soyer—Sorryplight of the camp-followers—Establishment of alying-in hospital—Dr. Andrew Smith and the female eye | [181] |
| CHAPTER V | |
| THE ADMINISTRATOR | |
| Miss Nightingale's varied functions. Purveyor-Auxiliary to thehospitals—Ignorance of the Ambassador as to the true state ofthings—Deficiencies in the stores—Miss Nightingale's caravanseraiin “The Sisters' Tower”—Her supplies issued only onmedical requisition—Delays in obtaining access to Governmentstores—Miss Nightingale's resourcefulness in obtaining supplies—Hergifts to the French and Sardinian hospitals—Absurditiesof the purveying regulations. II. Clothier to the wounded—Causeof the deficiency of shirts: 50,000 issued from MissNightingale's stores. III. Builder—Miss Nightingale's preparationof new wards for additional patients from the Crimea.IV. Her shouldering of responsibility—Strictness of her administration—Almonerof the Queen's “Free Gifts”—Rules and exceptions—Valueof her initiative—Sidney Herbert's approval—Mr.Kinglake and “the woman's touch” | [199] |
| CHAPTER VI | |
| THE REFORMER | |
| Miss Nightingale as an inspirer of reform—Sources of her influence—Favourof the Court—Letter from Queen Victoria:her gifts to the soldiers. II. Miss Nightingale's reports toSidney Herbert—Character of her letters. III. Her urgentappeals for stores—Dispatch of an executive Sanitary Commission—MissNightingale's reforms in the handling of Governmentstores—Other reforms due to her. IV. Her suggestion forsystematic reorganization—Suggested improvements in themedical service. V. Miss Nightingale's demeanour at Scutari—Descriptionby S. G. O.—Range of her influence—The efficacyof “going to Miss Nightingale” | [213] |
| CHAPTER VII | |
| THE MINISTERING ANGEL | |
| Dual position of Miss Nightingale: administrator and nurse. Prodigiouspower of work—Her attention to the sick and wounded—Hermidnight vigils—The famous lamp—The soldiers kissing hershadow—Idolization by the men. II. Correspondence with relativesand friends of the wounded soldiers. III. Strain upon Miss Nightingale'spowers—Burden of correspondence—Herhelpers—Mr. and Mrs. Bracebridge. IV. Schemes forhelping the soldiers—Mr. Augustus Stafford—TheOrderlies and Miss Nightingale | [233] |
| CHAPTER VIII | |
| THE RELIGIOUS DIFFICULTY | |
| Nature of the religious difficulty. Rivalry between the churches—Variousclaims for “representation” among the nursingstaff—“Anti-Puseyite” attacks. II. Miss Nightingale's attitudein the squabble. III. The difficulty increased by theadvent of Miss Stanley's party—Charges of proselytism—LordPanmure's instructions misinterpreted. IV. Aggravation bythe religious feuds of the difficulty of obtaining efficient nurses—Worrycaused to Miss Nightingale | [244] |
| CHAPTER IX | |
| TO THE CRIMEA—ILLNESS | |
| (May–August 1855) | |
| Siege of Sebastopol. The hospitals in the Crimea—Miss Nightingale'sauthority there not explicitly defined—Her arrival atBalaclava. II. Visit to the front—Sir John McNeill. III. Workin the hospitals—Attacked by “Crimean fever”—Anxietyin England and in the hospitals—Visit from Lord Raglan. IV. Miss Nightingale advised to return to England—Her refusal—Returnto Scutari—Gradual recovery—“The heroic dead” | [254] |
| CHAPTER X | |
| THE POPULAR HEROINE | |
| Sympathy in England caused by Miss Nightingale's illness. Thepopular heroine: letters from Lady Verney. II. The poetryof Seven Dials, verses, songs, lives, portraits, etc.—Miss Nightingale'sview of it all. III. Public memorial to her—TheNightingale Fund—Speeches at the public meeting—Nature ofthe memorial—Subscriptions from the army—Medical jealousy—Presentationof a jewel by the Queen | [264] |
| CHAPTER XI | |
| THE SOLDIERS' FRIEND | |
| Miss Nightingale's ministrations to the moral welfare of thesoldiers—Her belief in the possibility of reforms. II. Her letterto the Queen on drunkenness in the army: considered by theCabinet—Miss Nightingale's Money Order Office at Scutari—Governmentoffices opened—The “Inkerman Café”—SirHenry Storks—Miss Nightingale's influence with the soldiers.III. Establishment of reading-rooms and class-rooms | [276] |
| CHAPTER XII | |
| TO THE CRIMEA AGAIN | |
| (September 1855–July 1856) | |
| Fall of Sebastopol: Miss Nightingale's second and third visits tothe Crimea. Hardships of her work in the Crimea—Her“carriage”—The hospital huts on the heights above Balaclava—HerExtra Diet Kitchens. II. Opposition to her in militaryand medical quarters—Sir John Hall's opposition—Difficultieswith the nuns—Miss Nightingale's authority disputed. III.Her appeals to home for support—Correspondence with SidneyHerbert—Dispatch from the Secretary of State defining her fullauthority in the Crimea promulgated in General Orders—Exhaustinglabours in the Crimea: testamentary dispositions.IV. Hard work at Scutari—Letters from the aunt who was withMiss Nightingale—Christmas Day at the British Embassy—ColonelLefroy | [283] |
| CHAPTER XIII | |
| END OF THE WAR—RETURN HOME | |
| (July–August 1856) | |
| The Peace. Return of the nurses—Miss Nightingale's tribute toher “mainstays.” II. The Government's thanks to MissNightingale—Gratitude of the soldiers—Offer of a man-of-warfor her return—Lord Ellesmere's speech in the House of Lords.III. Return of Miss Nightingale—Publicity avoided—Her“spoils of war.” IV. Her Crimean work a starting-point | [299] |
| [PART III] | |
| FOR THE HEALTH OF THE SOLDIERS | |
| (1856–1861) | |
| CHAPTER I | |
| THE QUEEN, MISS NIGHTINGALE, AND LORD PANMURE | |
| (August–November 1856) | |
| “Muddling through a war”: the favourable moment for reform.Advantage taken of the opportunity after the Crimean War forthe better sanitation of the British Army—Co-operation ofSidney Herbert and Miss Nightingale. II. Her passionate desireto lessen preventable mortality in the future—Examination ofthe figures of mortality in the army during peace—Her admirationof the heroism of the British soldier—Her opportunity andsense of responsibility. III. A short holiday at Lea Hurst—Acquaintancewith Mr. Kinglake—Invitation from Sir JamesClark to Ballater—A visit from Queen Victoria likely—MissNightingale's preparations: consultation with Sir JohnMcNeill and Colonel Lefroy—Miss Nightingale's plan of campaign.IV. First visit to Balmoral—Visit from the Queen at SirJ. Clark's—Conversations with the Queen and the Prince Consort—MissNightingale requested to remain to see the Secretary forWar. V. Awaiting Lord Panmure—Advice from Sir J.McNeill—“Command visit” to Balmoral—Conversations withLord Panmure—Appointment of a Royal Commission promised—Establishmentof an Army Medical School favoured—MissNightingale to report on her experiences. VI. Conferences ofMiss Nightingale's “Cabinet”—Provisional selection of RoyalCommissioners: draft of their instructions—Interview withLord Panmure in London: points won and lost—The personnelof the Commission | [311] |
| CHAPTER II | |
| SOWING THE SEED | |
| (November 1856–August 1857) | |
| Power of departmental passive resistance: delay in setting up theCommission. Lord Panmure's gout—“The Bison is bullyable”—MissNightingale's weapon in reserve: her potentialcommand of the public ear. II. The “Chelsea Board”: theMcNeill-Tulloch affaire—Parliamentary pressure on the Government.III. Miss Nightingale's friendship with Lord Stanley—MissNightingale and the China expedition—The NetleyHospital—Her negotiations with Lord Panmure—Visit to LordPalmerston—Her “fight for the pavilion.” IV. Her preparationfor the Royal Commission by writing her own official Report—LordPanmure's instructions—This Report, the most remarkableof her works—Account of it. V. The experts and MissNightingale—Her inspection of hospitals and barracks—Visitto Chatham—Reform at Chelsea—Miss Nightingale and RobertLowe—The proposed Army Medical School—Her suggestions ofsoldiers' reading-rooms. VI. The Royal Commission set up—Interviewwith Lord Panmure—Her revision of the instructions—Mr.Herbert's industry as chairman—Miss Nightingale'sassistance—Dr. Sutherland—Her interviews with witnesses, suggestionsfor their examination—Her own evidence. VII. Reportof the Commission—Its salient feature, the high rate ofmortality in the barracks—Mr. Herbert and Miss Nightingaleresolved on securing prompt reforms | [334] |
| CHAPTER III | |
| ENFORCING A REPORT | |
| (August–December 1857) | |
| Frequent futility of Royal Commissions. Mr. Herbert's and MissNightingale's plans for averting the danger—Proposed series ofSub-Commissions to settle the details of reform—Lord Panmureoff to Scotland—Departmental objections—Delay in appointingthe Sub-Commissions—Miss Nightingale's labours. II. Over-work—Dr.Sutherland's expostulations—Her refusal to rest.III. The Indian Mutiny—Miss Nightingale's offer to go out.Her life at this period—Miss Nightingale's daily work withher allies—Ill-health—Testamentary dispositions | [362] |
| CHAPTER IV | |
| REAPING THE FRUIT | |
| (1858–1860) | |
| Fruits of Miss Nightingale's labours. Publication of the Reportof the Royal Commission—Her measures for calling attentionto the rate of mortality; for securing reviews of the Report.II. Resignation of Lord Palmerston's Government—GeneralPeel, the new Secretary for War—Miss Nightingale's anxietyabout a new director-general of the Army Medical Department—Disappointedwith General Peel—Miss Nightingale's ill-health—Hersister's marriage—Mr. Herbert overworked. III.Work of the Barracks and Hospitals Commission: Miss Nightingaleand the kitchens—Work with Mr. Herbert and Dr.Sutherland in connection with other Sub-Commissions—NetleyHospital again—Miss Nightingale's papers on HospitalConstruction (1858). IV. Private circulation of her Report toLord Panmure—Miss Nightingale and the Duke of Cambridge—HarrietMartineau's co-operation with Miss Nightingale—HerContribution to the Sanitary History of the British Army (1859).V. Resignation of Lord Derby's Government—Mr. Herbert,Secretary for War—Reforms in the barracks—Appointment of apermanent Barracks Works Committee (afterwards called ArmySanitary Committee)—School of cookery—Improved ArmyMedical Statistics—Establishment of an Army Medical School:Miss Nightingale as its founder: the present college—Otherreforms due to her. VI. Results of Mr. Herbert's reforms—MissNightingale's tribute to him—Their co-operation | [375] |
| CHAPTER V | |
| THE DEATH OF SIDNEY HERBERT | |
| (1861) | |
| Break-down of Mr. Herbert's health. His interview with MissNightingale (December 1860): decision to give up the House ofCommons—Created Lord Herbert of Lea—Her insistence thathe should reform the War Office—His abandonment of theattempt—Establishment of the General Military Hospitalat Woolwich—Introduction of female nursing—His last letterto Miss Nightingale—His death (August 2)—“Our joint-workunfinished.” II. Miss Nightingale's grief—Obituary notices ofhim—Mr. Gladstone's interview with her—Her memorandumon Lord Herbert's reforms—Her endeavour to interest Mr.Gladstone in their completion—His reply—Public meeting topromote a Herbert Memorial. III. The friendship betweenSidney Herbert and Miss Nightingale | [401] |
| [PART IV] | |
| HOSPITALS AND NURSING (1858–1861) | |
| CHAPTER I | |
| THE HOSPITAL REFORMER | |
| (1858–1861) | |
| Miss Nightingale's work with Sidney Herbert carried on at thesame time with other work. Her place as a Sanitarian—Herprestige as an authority on hospitals—Her Notes on Hospitals—Generalcondition of hospitals at the time—Influence of her book—MissNightingale widely consulted on the construction ofhospitals, at home and abroad. II. The Manchester RoyalInfirmary, and Mr. Joseph Adshead—St. Thomas's Hospital,London: the battle of the sites—Miss Nightingale and thePrince Consort | [415] |
| CHAPTER II | |
| THE PASSIONATE STATISTICIAN | |
| (1859–1861) | |
| Statistics as a passion. Miss Nightingale's study of the works ofQuetelet—Careless statistical records in the Crimean War—Hermodel Hospital Statistical Forms—Advantage to be derivedfrom such data—International Statistical Congress inLondon (1860)—Miss Nightingale's alliance with Dr. Farr—Adoptionof her Forms—Her reception of the delegates—Circulationof her paper—Partial adoption of her scheme byLondon and other hospitals. II. Her advocacy of the betterutilization of Government statistics—Her efforts to extend thescope of the Census of 1861—Correspondence with Mr. Loweand Sir George Lewis—An appeal to the Lords | [428] |
| CHAPTER III | |
| THE FOUNDER OF MODERN NURSING | |
| (1860) | |
| Three great contributions of the 19th century to the relief of humansuffering in disease. Miss Nightingale's place in the historyof nursing—The founder not of nursing, but of modern nursing—Herpeculiar fitness for directing tendencies of the time towardsimproved nursing. II. Condition of nursing at the time—MissNightingale's influence in raising it from a menial occupation toa trained profession. III. Force of her example—Enthusiasmexcited by her among women. IV. Force of her precept—Noteson Nursing (1859–60)—The text-book of the NewModel in Nursing—Popularity of the book—Reminiscences ofthe Crimea in it—“Minding Baby.” V. Some characteristicsof the book—General grasp of principles, combined with minutenessof detail—Delicacy of observation, and fineness of sympathy—Epigrammaticexpression. VI. Importance of trainingin the art of nursing—The Notes as a prelude to practice | [439] |
| CHAPTER IV | |
| THE NIGHTINGALE NURSES | |
| (1860–1861) | |
| Importance of the Nightingale Training School—Early history ofthe “Nightingale Fund”—Accumulation of the money duringMiss Nightingale's absorption in other work—Appointment ofa working committee (1859)—Decision to found a TrainingSchool in connexion with St. Thomas's Hospital—Character ofMrs. Wardroper, matron of the hospital. II. Essential principlesof Miss Nightingale's scheme: (1) technical, a TrainingSchool; lectures, examinations, reports, etc.; (2) moral, a home.III. Miss Nightingale's supervision—Favourable start of theschool. IV. Further application of the Nightingale Fund tothe training of midwives. V. Wide influence of the NightingaleSchool—Novelty of the experiment—Medical oppositionat the start—From paradox to commonplace | [456] |
| CHAPTER V | |
| THE RELIGIOUS SANCTION: “SUGGESTIONS FOR THOUGHT” | |
| (1860) | |
| The religious sanction behind Miss Nightingale's life of work—Resumptionof her theological speculations—Printing of herSuggestions for Thought—General character of the book. II.Miss Nightingale and John Stuart Mill—Her introduction toBenjamin Jowett—The book submitted to them—Mill'sadvice that it should be published, Jowett's that it should not—Literaryimperfections—Her impatience of literary revision.III. Scope of the book—Vehemence of style—Explanation ofMill's and Jowett's contrary advice. IV. Origin of the book—Sketchof her theological system—Thoughts on Prayer—Godas Law—Influence of Quetelet—Doctrine of human perfectibilityas explaining the existence of evil—Freewill andNecessity—Belief in a future life—The philosophy of history—Motivefor human conduct. V. Miss Nightingale's attitudeto current creeds, Protestant and Catholic. VI. Spiritualintensity with which she held her creed | [468] |
| CHAPTER VI | |
| MISS NIGHTINGALE AT HOME | |
| (1858 1861) | |
| Continued ill-health—Serious illness and expectation of earlydeath—Yet constant work—Doctor's opinions—Necessity forhusbanding her strength. II. Consequent manner of life—Alaborious hermit—Help from her friends—A. H. Clough—Heruncle, Mr. S. Smith, and her private correspondence.III. Her places of residence—Highgate and Hampstead—TheBurlington Hotel in London—The Queen's offer of rooms inKensington Palace: why declined—Her cats. IV. Readingand music—Her Italian sympathies. V. Seclusion fromvisitors, friends and relations—Miss Nightingale and herfather. VI. Correspondence with her friends—Associations ofthe Burlington Hotel | [491] |