CHAPTER IV.
1. After Phaselis is Olbia; here Pamphylia begins. It is a large fortress. It is followed by the Cataractes,[212] as it is called, a river which descends violently from a lofty rock, with a great body of water, like a winter torrent, so that the noise of it is heard at a great distance.
Next is Attaleia,[213] a city, so called from its founder Attalus Philadelphus, who also settled another colony at Corycus, a small city near Attaleia, by introducing other inhabitants, and extending the circuit of the walls.
It is said, that between Phaselis and Attaleia, Thebe and Lyrnessus[214] are shown; for, according to Callisthenes, a part of the Trojan Cilicians were driven from the plain of Thebe into Pamphylia.
2. Next is the river Cestrus;[215] on sailing up its stream 60 stadia we find the city Perge,[216] and near it upon an elevated place, the temple of the Pergæan Artemis, where a general festival is celebrated every year.
Then at the distance of about 40 stadia from the sea is [Syllium],[217] on an elevated site, and visible at Perge. Next is Capria, a lake of considerable extent; then the river Eurymedon;[218] sailing up it to the distance of 60 stadia, we come to Aspendus,[219] a well-peopled city, founded by Argives. Above it is Petnelissus;[220] then another river, and many small islands lying in front; then Side, a colony of the Cymæans, where there is a temple of Minerva. Near it is the coast of the Little Cibyratæ; then the river Melas,[221] and an anchorage for vessels; then Ptolemais[222] a city; next the borders of Pamphylia, and Coracesium,[223] where Cilicia Tracheia begins. The whole of the voyage along the coast of Pamphylia is 640 stadia.
3. Herodotus says,[224] that the Pamphylians are descendants of the people who accompanied Amphilochus and Calchas from Troy, a mixture of various nations. The majority of them settled here, others were dispersed over different countries. Callinus says that Calchas died at Clarus, but that some of the people who, together with Mopsus, crossed the Taurus, remained in Pamphylia, and that others were scattered in Cilicia and Syria, and as far even as Phœnicia.