FOOTNOTES:
[450] Aconitum napellus, Wolf’s-bane or Monk’s-hood.
[451] “Miseros fallunt aconita legentis” (Georgics, bk. ii. l. 152).
[452] See Ellacombe’s “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” 1878, pp. 7, 8.
[453] Dr. Prior’s “Popular Names of British Plants,” 1870, pp. 1, 2.
[454] Phillips, “Flora Historica,” 1829, vol. ii. pp. 122, 128.
[455] “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” pp. 10, 11.
[456] Phillips, “Flora Historica,” 1829, vol. i. p. 104.
[457] Ellacombe’s “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 13.
[458] Dyce’s “Glossary to Shakespeare,” p. 15.
[459] See Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. ii. p. 29; probably synonymous with the term “apple-Squire,” which formerly signified a pimp.
[460] Forby, in his “Vocabulary of East Anglia,” says of this apple, “we retain the name, but whether we mean the same variety of fruit which was so called in Shakespeare’s time, it is not possible to ascertain.”
[461] Ellacombe’s “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 16; Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 430; Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 81; Coles’s “Latin and English Dictionary.” “A bitter-suete [apple]—Amari-mellum.”
[462] See [chapter xi., Customs connected with the Calendar].
[463] See [chapter on Customs connected with Birth and Baptism].
[464] Edited by Dyce, 1861, p. 446. Many fanciful derivations for this word have been thought of, but it was no doubt named from its smoothness and softness, resembling the wool of lambs.
[465] Dr. Prior’s “Popular Names of British Plants,” 1870, p. 50.
[466] Note on Jonson’s Works, vol. iv. p. 24.
[467] Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 242.
[468] Quoted by Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. ii. p. 662.
[469] “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 16.
[470] “Theatrum Botanicum,” 1640.
[471] “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” pp. 17, 37.
[472] “Glossary,” pp. 65, 66.
[473] See “Notes and Queries,” 2d series, bk. i. p. 420.
[474] See Henderson’s “Folk-Lore of Northern Counties,” 1879, pp. 151, 152.
[475] Napier’s “Folk-Lore of West of Scotland,” 1879, p. 124.
[476] Dr. Prior’s “Popular Names of British Plants,” p. 13.
[477] Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 45.
[478] See “Richard III.,” i. 2; “Timon of Athens,” iii. 5.
[479] See “2 Henry IV.,” iv. 5.
[480] “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 22.
[481] Ellacombe’s “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 23.
[482] See Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 32.
[483] See also Evelyn’s “Sylva,” 1776, p. 396.
[484] “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 150; see Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 63.
[485] See Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 212.
[486] “Shakespeare’s Garden,” p. 143.
[487] See “Winter’s Tale,” iv. 4:
“Lawn as white as driven snow;
Cyprus black as e’er was crow.”
Its transparency is alluded to in “Twelfth Night,” iii. 1:
“a cyprus, not a bosom,
Hides my heart.”
[488] See Dyce’s “Glossary,” 1872, p. 113.
[489] Douce’s “Illustrations of Shakespeare,” 1839, p. 56. See Mr. Gough’s “Introduction to Sepulchral Monuments,” p. lxvi.; also Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 221.
[490] See Dr. Prior’s “Popular Names of British Plants,” 1870, p. 63.
[491] “Flower-Lore,” p. 35.
[492] “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 66.
[493] Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 302; Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 159.
[494] “Shakspere’s Garden,” p. 158.
[495] Quoted in Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 303.
[496] See Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. i. pp. 314-316.
[497] “Illustrations of Shakespeare,” pp. 302-308.
[498] See Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 305.
[499] See Gifford’s note on Jonson’s Works, vol. i. p. 52; Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 161; Du Cange’s “Glossary;” Connelly’s “Spanish and English Dictionary,” 4to.
[500] Edited by Dyce, 1857, p. 30.
[501] Edited by Gifford and Dyce, vol. i. p. 231.
[502] “Glossary,” p. 161.
[503] See “Winter’s Tale,” iv. 3; “Henry V.,” v. 2; “1 Henry VI.,” i. 1.
[504] “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 73.
[505] “Nares’s Glossary,” vol. i. p. 363.
[506] “Shakespeare’s Garden,” p. 82; see Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 184.
[507] Ellacombe’s “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 204; Prior’s “Popular Names of British Plants,” 1870, p. 111.
[508] Cf. “All’s Well that Ends Well,” iv. 5; “Antony and Cleopatra,” iv. 2; “Romeo and Juliet,” ii. 3, where Friar Laurence says:
“In man as well as herbs, grace and rude will.”
[509] “A Dissuasive from Popery,” pt. i. chap. ii. sec. 9; see Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 371.
[510] Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 464.
[511] Batman’s “Upon Bartholomæus de Proprietate Rerum,” lib. xvii. chap. 87.
[512] “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 465.
[513] See Hotten’s “History of Sign Boards.”
[514] “Shakespeare,” vol. iii. p. 112.
[515] See Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. ii. p. 482.
[516] “Popular Names of British Plants,” 1879, p. 128.
[517] Polygonum aviculare.
[518] See “3 Henry VI.,” iv. 6; “Troilus and Cressida,” i. 3.
[519] See “Henry V.,” iv. 1.
[520] “Cambrian Biography,” 1803, p. 86; see Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. i. pp. 102-108.
[521] See Dr. Prior’s “Popular Names of British Plants,” 1870, p. 139.
[522] Cf. “Taming of the Shrew,” i. 1.
[523] Cf. what Egeus says (i. 1) when speaking of Lysander:
“This man hath bewitch’d the bosom of my child;
Thou, thou Lysander, thou hast given her rhymes
And interchanged love-tokens with my child.”
[524] Dian’s bud is the bud of the Agnus castus, or chaste tree. “The virtue this herbe is, that he will kepe man and woman chaste.” “Macer’s Herbal,” 1527.
[525] Cupid’s flower, another name for the pansy.
[526] Notes to “A Midsummer-Night’s Dream,” 1877. Preface, p. xx.
[527] “Natural History,” bk. xxv. chap. 94.
[528] Phillips’s “Flora Historica,” 1829, vol. i. pp. 324, 325; see Smith’s “Dictionary of the Bible,” 1869, vol. ii. p. 1777.
[529] “Mystic Trees and Flowers,” by M. D. Conway; Fraser’s Magazine, 1870, vol. ii. p. 705.
[530] Singer’s “Shakespeare,” 1875, vol. v. p. 153.
[531] See Sir Thomas Browne’s “Vulgar Errors,” 1852, vol. ii. p. 6.
[532] “Illustrations of Shakespeare,” p. 386.
[534] “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 131.
[535] Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. ii. p. 612.
[536] See “Windsor Guide,” p. 5.
[537] See “Notes and Queries,” 3d series, vol. xii. p. 160.
[538] See also “3 Henry VI.,” iv. 6; “Timon of Athens,” v. 4; “Antony and Cleopatra,” iv. 6; “2 Henry IV.,” iv. 4.
[539] See “As You Like It,” iii. 2; “Timon of Athens,” v. 1; cf. “Henry VIII.,” iv. 2.
[540] See “Archæological Journal,” vol. v. p. 301.
[541] The cod was what we now call the pod.
[542] See Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. ii. p. 99.
[543] See “Love’s Labour’s Lost,” iii. 1.
[544] “Glossary,” vol. ii. p. 677.
[545] See Beaumont and Fletcher, “Elder Brother,” iv. 4; Massinger, “New Way to Pay Old Debts,” ii. 2; Ben Jonson, “Cynthia’s Revels,” ii. 1, etc.
[546] “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 173.
[547] Ibid., p. 179.
[548] Singer’s “Shakespeare,” 1875, vol. ix. p. 227.
[549] “Notes to Hamlet,” Clark and Wright, 1876, p. 179.
[550] “Costume in England,” p. 238. At p. 579 the author gives several instances of the extravagances to which this fashion led.
[551] Some gallants had their ears bored, and wore their mistresses’ silken shoe-strings in them. See Singer’s “Notes,” vol. iv. p. 257.
[552] Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 373.
[553] See Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. ii. pp. 13, 14.
[554] Douce’s “Illustrations of Shakespeare,” 1839, p. 194.
[555] Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 381.
[556] “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 319.
[558] “Plant-Lore of Shakespeare,” p. 248.
[559] “Shakespeare,” vol. iv. p. 76.
[560] “The old ballad on which Shakespeare formed this song is given in Percy’s ‘Reliques of Ancient Poetry’ (1794, vol. i. p. 208), from a copy in the Pepysian collection. A different version of it may be seen in Chappell’s ‘Popular Music of the Olden Time’ (2d edition, vol. i. p. 207). The original ditty is the lamentation of a lover for the inconstancy of his mistress.”—Dyce’s “Shakespeare,” vol. vii. p. 450.
[561] “Illustrations of Shakespeare,” p. 105.
[562] Douce’s “Illustrations of Shakespeare,” p. 244.
[563] See Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. ii. pp. 255-266.
[564] “Notes and Queries,” 5th series, vol. xii. p. 468.
[565] Extract of a paper read by Rev. W. A. Harrison, New Shakespeare Society, 12th May. 1882.
[566] See Douce’s “Illustrations of Shakespeare;” Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 412; Beisly’s “Shakespeare’s Garden,” p. 4.
[567] Singer’s “Shakespeare,” vol. iv. p. 427. See a paper in the “Antiquary” (1882, vol. vi. p. 13), by Mr. George Black, on the yew in Shakespearian folk-lore.