FOOTNOTES:
[639] “The England of Shakespeare,” E. Goadby, 1881, p. 153.
[640] “Critical Essays on the Plays of Shakespeare,” 1875, p. 145; see Singer’s “Shakespeare,” vol. iii. pp. 347, 348.
[641] See “British Popular Customs,” p. 473.
[642] “Notes and Queries,” 6th series, vol. i. p. 129.
[643] Cf. “As You Like It” (i. 2). Touchstone alludes to a “certain knight, that swore by his honour they were good pancakes.”
[644] See Hone’s “Every Day Book,” 1836, vol. i. p. 258; “Book of Days,” vol. i. p. 239; see, also, Dekker’s “Seven Deadly Sins,” 1606, p. 35; “British Popular Customs,” pp. 62-91.
[645] “Notes and Queries,” 1st series, vol. xii. p. 297.
[646] See Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 443; Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. i. p. 101. Taylor, the Water-Poet, has a tract entitled “Jack-a-Lent, his Beginning and Entertainment, with the mad Prankes of Gentlemen-Usher, Shrove Tuesday.”
[647] Singer’s “Shakespeare,” vol. vi. p. 219.
[648] “Notes and Queries,” 4th series, vol. v. p. 595.
[649] See Singer’s “Shakespeare,” vol. i. p. 362; Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 164: Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. iii. p. 94.
[650] See Hone’s “Every Day Book,” vol. i. p. 318; “British Popular Customs,” pp. 110-113.
[651] St. Patrick rids Ireland of snakes; see p. [257].
[652] Singer’s “Shakespeare,” 1870, vol. ix. p. 168.
[653] Cf. “Henry V.,” v. 2; “3 Henry VI.,” ii. 1, 2; “Taming of the Shrew,” ii. 1; “Richard II.,” i. 3.
[654] Cited by Warton in a note on “Richard III.,” v. 3.
[655] Hotten’s “History of Sign-boards,” 1866, 3d ed., p. 287.
[656] Cf. “Twelfth Night” (iii. 4): “More matter for a May morning.”
[657] “Book of Days,” vol. i. p. 575; see “British Popular Customs,” pp. 228-230, 249.
[658] See Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” vol. i. pp. 247-270; “Book of Days,” vol. i. pp. 630-633.
[659] Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. ii. p. 550.
[660] See Drake’s “Shakespeare and his Times,” 1817, vol. i. p. 163.
[661] “Encyclopædia of Antiquities,” 1843, vol. ii. p. 653.
[662] See “British Popular Customs,” p. 278; Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. i. p. 276.
[663] According to the crusaders and the old romance writers a Saracen deity. See Singer’s “Shakespeare,” vol. ix. p. 214.
[664] See Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 482.
[665] “Sports and Pastimes,” 1876, pp. 25-28; see Warton’s “History of English Poetry,” vol. ii. p. 202.
[666] “Illustrations of Shakespeare,” p. 154.
[667] Staunton’s “Shakespeare,” 1864, vol. i. pp. 147, 148.
[668] See “Book of Days,” vol. i. p. 712.
[669] See Singer’s “Shakespeare,” vol. v. p. 206.
[670] See Nichol’s “Collection of Poems,” 1780, vol. iii. p. 204.
[671] See Knight’s “Life of Shakespeare,” 1845, p. 71; Howitt’s “Pictorial Calendar of the Seasons,” 1854, pp. 254-267.
[672] “Polyolbion,” song 14; see Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. ii. p. 34; Timbs’s “A Garland for the Year,” pp. 74, 75.
[673] Introduction to the “Leopold Shakespeare,” p. xci.
[674] “Book of Days,” vol. i. p. 816; see Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” vol. i. p. 314; Soane’s “Book of the Months.”
[675] See Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. i. pp. 336, 337.
[676] See “British Popular Customs,” pp. 347-351.
[677] Douglas’s “Criterion,” p. 68, cited by Ritson; see Douce’s “Illustrations of Shakespeare,” p. 475.
[678] This is, perhaps, a corrupt abbreviation of “By Jesus.” Some would read “By Cis,” and understand by it “St. Cicely.”
[679] See Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 57; Morley’s “Memoirs of Bartholomew Fair,” 1859.
[680] “Illustrations of Shakespeare,” p. 21.
[681] Dyce’s “Glossary,” p. 47; Douce has given a representation of this instrument of torture from Millœus’s “Praxis Criminis Persequendi,” Paris, 1541.
[682] “Glossary,” vol. i. p. 95.
[683] Cf. “1 Henry IV.” (i. 3):
“His chin, new reap’d,
Show’d like a stubble-land at harvest-home.”
[684] See Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. ii. pp. 16-33.
[685] See “British Popular Customs,” pp. 372, 373. In Lincolnshire this day is called “Hally-Loo Day.”
[686] See Butler’s “Lives of the Saints.”
[687] See Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. ii. p. 868; Brady’s “Clavis Calendaria.”
[688] Nich. Harpsfield, “Hist. Eccl. Anglicana,” p. 86.
[689] See “British Popular Customs,” p. 404.
[690] Puling, or singing small, as Bailey explains the word.
[691] See Swainson’s “Weather-Lore,” 1873, pp. 141-143.
[692] See “British Popular Customs,” p. 409.
[693] See Douce’s “Illustrations of Shakespeare,” p. 25; “The Church of Our Fathers,” by D. Rock, 1853, vol. iii. p. 215; Gent. Mag., 1777, vol. xliii. p. 158; see Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. ii. pp. 601, 602; Brady’s “Clavis Calendaria.”
[694] Drake’s “Shakespeare and his Times,” vol. i. p. 198.
[695] See Sandy’s “Christmastide, its History, Festivities, and Carols;” also Athenæum, Dec. 20, 1856.
[696] His blunder for comedy.
[697] See “British Popular Customs,” 1876, pp. 459, 463; Nares’s “Glossary,” vol. ii. p. 943; “Antiquarian Repertory,” vol. i. p. 218.
[698] This was a deep draught to the health of any one, in which it was customary to empty the glass or vessel.
[699] See Douce’s “Illustrations of Shakespeare,” 1839, pp. 441-449.
[700] See “British Popular Customs,” pp. 461, 469, 478, 480.
[701] See Brand’s “Pop. Antiq.,” 1849, vol. i. pp. 1-15.