The evolution of general ideas

by Th. Ribot

INDEX.

• Abstraction, a positive operation, [2];
• a process of secondary formation, [216 et seq.];
• has followed three principal directions: practical, speculative, scientific, [220 et seq.];
• higher forms of, [111 et seq.];
• implies a dissociative process, [8];
• intermediate forms of, [86 et seq.];
• prior to speech, [1 et seq.];
• stages of, [10 et seq.]
• Abstract thought, a skeleton, [135].
• Acoustic space, [148].
• Adjective, the, [76].
• Agassiz, [7], [105], [107], [211].
• Ampère, [219].
• Analogy, [27], [84].
• Animals, causality in, [184];
• counting of, [19];
• language of, [58];
• psychology of, [11 et seq.];
• reasoning of, [30];
• time-sense of, [169].
• Antecedent and consequent, [180], [183 et seq.]
• Ants, intelligence of, [12 et seq.], [27], [55].
• Arabic, [76].
• Archimedes, [190].
• Architecture, [28].
• Aristotle, [45], [105 et seq.]
• Arithmogenesis, [139].
• Articulation, [63].
• Artists, [134].
• Association of images, [18];
• by similarity, [24].
• Astronomers, the first, [173].
• Attention, [134], [217].
• Auditory types, [112], [121 et seq.]
• Aztec language, [73].
• Baer, Von, [108].
• Bain, [7].
• Barter, [109].
• Bees, intelligence of, [14], [56].
• Belief in a universal law of causality, [185 et seq.]
• Belt, Mr., [13].
• Bergson, [178].
• Binet, [37].
• Blainville, [206].
• Boole, [38].
• Boutroux, [203].
• Bradley, [25].
• Bréal, [70], [71].
• Brehm, [170].
• Brown, [205], [206].
• Buffon, [206], [207].
• Cases, grammatical, [81].
• Causality, belief in a universal law of, [185 et seq.]
• Cause, empirical origin of, [181];
• history of concept of, [180 et seq.];
• universalisation of the concept of, [185 et seq.]
• Chaldæans, [173].
• Chance, idea of, [187 et seq.]
• Charcot, [127].
• Chess-players, [40].
• Child, numeration in the, [35];
• general ideas of, [31 et seq.];
• time-sense of, [171].
• Chinese, [62], [69].
• Class, [211].
• Classification, biological, history of, [103 et seq.], [204].
• Cognition, cardinal operations of, [1].
• Communication, [55 et seq.]
• Compositors, [121].
• Concepts, [11], [92], [135];
• hierarchy of, [109], [213];
• relatively empty, [225];
• the inferior, [88];
• ultimate nature of, [113].
• Concrete type, [115].
• Condillac, [31], [77].
• Consciousness, the condition of any notion of time, [175 et seq.]
• Convertibility, [192].
• Cope, [212].
• Copernicus, [197].
• Counting, [35], [99], [143].
• Cournot, [134], [146], [187], [188].
• Couturat, [144].
• Cross-breeding, [208].
• Cuvier, [107], [108].
• Czermak, [160].
• D’Alembert, [201].
• Damaras, [99].
• Darmesteter, [84].
• Darwin, [12], [18], [34], [63].
• Deaf-mutes, psychology of, [39];
• language of, [41];
• syntax of, [43];
• numeration in, [45];
• religious notions of, [46].
• Decimal system, [143].
• Declensions, [81].
• Delambre, [173].
• De Jussieu, [206].
• De Quincy, [150].
• Descartes, [197].
• Determinism, [188], [193].
• Dewey, [139].
• Dietze, [161].
• Differences, [90].
• Dissociation, [27].
• Dogs, intelligence of, [17], [20], [29].
• Dual, the, [77].
• Duck, [34].
• Dugas, [136].
• Duke of Argyle, [40].
• Duration, concrete, [159 et seq.];
• perception of, [161 et seq.];
• reproduction of, [162].
• Ebbels, [40].
• Economy of thought, [202].
• Effort, sense of, [182 et seq.]
• Elephant, intelligence of, [15].
• Ellendorf, Dr., [13].
• Empirical laws, [198].
• Empiricists, [149].
• Energy, conservation of, [192].
• Esquimaux, [74].
• Euclidean geometry, [156 et seq.]
• Evolution in our ideas, [195].
• Exchange, [110].
• Expectation, in reasoning, state of, [25].
• Extension, concrete, feeling of, [147 et seq.];
• characterised, [158].
• Extracts, [70].
• Facultas signatrix, [55].
• Family, [211].
• Ferrero, [220].
• First causes, [190].
• Fouillée, [177].
• Fox, ruses of, [18].
• Franklin, [55].
• Function, notion of mathematical, [190].
• Galileo, [190].
• Galton, [10], [40], [99].
• Gauss, [148], [156], [218], [220].
• Geese, time-sense of, [170].
• Geiger, [63].
• Genera, [210 et seq.]
• General ideas, thinking by, [9];
• their grades distinguished, [101];
• likened to mental habits, [131], [225];
• meaning of, [135];
• observations on, [114 et seq.]
• Generalisation, [9], [185].
• Generic image, [10], [87 et seq.], [93], [169], [183], [196];
• an almost passive condensation of resemblances, [18];
• a spontaneous fusion of images, [22];
• comes half way between individual representation and abstraction properly so called, [23].
• Genii, [95].
• Geometry, born of practical needs, [148 et seq.];
• non-Euclidean, [156 et seq.]
• Gérando, [40], [41], [51].
• Gesture, language of, [48 et seq.], [66].
• Glass, [163].
• Goethe, [109], [134].
• Guyau, [166], [178].
• Habere, [79].
• Haeckel, [108].
• Hare, ruses of, [18].
• Hebrew, [69].
• Heinicke, [64].
• Helmholtz, [62].
• Heredity of acquired characters, [218].
• Hoeffding, [4], [136].
• Horwicz, [165], [166].
• Houzeau, [17], [18], [36].
• Huber, [55].
• Hume, [187], [190].
• Huxley, [10], [22], [212].
• Hybrids, [208].
• Hysterics, [127].
• Idealogues, [68].
• Idées-forces, [177].
• Identity, sense of, [6].
• Ideography, [53].
• Images, logic of, [26 et seq.], [40];
• also [5 et seq.], [111].
• Imagination, forms of, [112].
• Indifferent point, [163].
• Individual, notion of the, [204].
• Inference, [24], [26], [30].
• Infinity, [144].
• Intelligence, [87].
• Inventors, rôle of, [219].
• Iroquois, [74].
• Isolates, [17].
• James, W., [6], [9], [29], [30], [46], [80], [140], [149], [162], [175], [176], [194].
• Janet, [163].
• Kant, [137], [158], [175], [190].
• Kepler, [197], [202].
• Kirby, [55].
• Kleinpaul, [52].
• Kussmaul, [45], [46].
• Ladd, [7].
• Lamarck, [206].
• Language, origin of, [31 et seq.], [54 et seq.]
• Languages, natural organisms, [83];
• savage, [95 et seq.]
• Laplace, [218].
• Lapp, [76].
• Law, origin of concept of, [194 et seq.];
• theoretical or ideal, [200].
• Laws, defined, [197];
• called by the names of their inventors, [198];
• vary in the course of evolution, [213].
• Lefèvre, A., [61].
• Leibnitz, [31], [129], [140], [214].
• Leroy, G., [18], [19], [30], [57].
• Lewes, [180].
• Liard, [142].
• Linnæus, [106], [210].
• Lobachévski, [156].
• Locke, [31].
• Lotze, [150], [151], [178].
• Lubbock, [20], [50], [55], [96].
• Mach, E., [148], [163], [164], [178], [202].
• Maclellan, [139].
• Magpie, [20], [21].
• Maine de Biran, [181].
• Mallery, Colonel, [49], [50], [51].
• Mariotte, [202].
• Mathematical faculty, the, [217].
• Mathematicians, [126].
• Mathematics, originated in observation, [148].
• Mayer, R., [191].
• Measure of quantity, [100].
• Memory, [132].
• Mill, John Stuart, [24], [25], [26], [34], [138], [151], [154], [155], [181], [191].
• Mimicry, language of, [52].
• Mind, the, [9], [216].
• Miracles, [186].
• Mivart, St. George, [48].
• Monkeys, intelligence of, [19].
• Montesquieu, [197].
• Morgan, C. Lloyd, [16], [30].
• Motion, psychology of, [182].
• Motor types, [112].
• Müller, Fr., [60].
• Müller, Max, [28], [39], [40], [59], [60], [69], [71], [74], [79], [80], [92].
• Münsterberg, [148], [163], [166], [167], [177].
• Muscular types, [112].
• Mussels, [84].
• Names, individual, appellative or general?, [32].
• Nativists, [149].
• Neanderthal anthropoid, [61].
• Neo-geometers, [157].
• Neretina, [7].
• Newton, [218], [219].
• Nichols, [139], [161], [164], [175].
• Noiré, L., [60].
• Nomenclature, [105 et seq.]
• Nominalists, [122], [128].
• Normal time, [167].
• Nothing, the answer, [127 et seq.]
• Number, concept of, history and theories of its origin, [137 et seq.]
• Numbers, sequence of, [142 et seq.];
• nature of, [146].
• Numeration, in animals, [19];
• in the child, [35];
• its development, [98].
• Observations on general terms, [114 et seq.]
• Oken, [108].
• Onomatopœia, [71], [72].
• Order, [211].
• Owen, Richard, [109].
• Painter, [117].
• Parallels, axiom of, [157].
• Pascal, [219].
• Paul, Hermann, [69], [71].
• Paulhan, [90], [136].
• Perception, utility its mainspring, [4].
• Percepts, [111].
• Pérez, B., [36].
• Performing animals, [15].
• Perrier, E., [105].
• Physiologist, [119].
• Phonogram, [71].
• Photographs, composite, [10], [22].
• Plato, [222].
• Plurality, [139].
• Poincaré, [202].
• Poinsot, [146].
• Polymorphism, [207].
• Practical judgments, [93].
• Present, the, its nature, [160 et seq.]
• Preyer, [33], [38], [72], [139].
• Progress, [219].
• Quack, [34].
• Quantity, measure of, [100].
• Quatrefages, [205], [206].
• Ratiocination, [25].
• Realism, [128].
• Reasoning, signification of, [23];
• prior to speech, [38].
• Réaumur, [14].
• Recepts, [10], [26], [89].
• Reflexion, [94].
• Regnaud, P., [71], [78], [79].
• Regularity, conception of, [196].
• Relations, [80], [81].
• Renan, [59], [69], [71], [76].
• Renouvier, [145], [146], [175], [181].
• Representation, [5].
• Representative faculty, [112].
• Reproduction, [207].
• Resemblances, [6], [90].
• Respiration, [166].
• Rhythm, [164], [165].
• Ribot, his observations on general ideas, [135].
• Riemann, [156], [158].
• Romanes, [10], [13], [14], [19], [34], [35], [40], [43], [46], [55], [57], [63], [66], [89], [93], [170], [184].
• Roots, [69 et seq.], [75].
• Rousseau, J. J., [77].
• Rubicon, passage of the, [92].
• Sanskrit, [69].
• Savage languages, [95 et seq.]
• Savage races, time-sense of, [171].
• Sayce, [67], [70], [73], [75], [77], [96].
• Schelling, [108].
• Schleicher, [83].
• Schmidkunz, [2], [3].
• Schneider, [7].
• Sciences, origin of the, [221].
• Scientists, [135].
• Scott, [43].
• Semi-circular canals, [149].
• Sensation-limits, [166].
• Sequence of numbers, [142 et seq.]
• Siamese, [62].
• Sicard, Abbé, [44].
• Sidgwick, Prof., [125].
• Sigismund, [33].
• Signs, logic of, [27];
• imitative, [43];
• language of, [49];
• development of, [92];
• the importance of, [144 et seq.]
• Sigwart, [199].
• Similarities, [90], [195].
• Simplification, [135].
• Skeleton, abstract thought a, [135].
• Smith, Adam, [31].
• Song, speech is derived from, [62].
• Space, origin of the concept of, [146 et seq.];
• acoustic, [148];
• sense of, [148];
• abstract notion of, [151 et seq.];
• n-dimensional, [156];
• Euclidean, [157];
• characterised, [158].
• Species, origin and growth of the concept of, [203 et seq.];
• fixity of, [205];
• constituent elements of the concept of, [206];
• defined, [206];
• vary in the course of evolution, [213].
• Specific characters, [205 et seq.]
• Speech, origin of, [54 et seq.], [59 et seq.];
• development of, [67].
• Spence, [55].
• Spencer, Herbert, [7], [62], [80], [137], [150], [165], [175].
• Stallo, [153], [158], [222].
• Steinthal, [59].
• Stern, [26].
• Stewart, Dugald, [31], [51].
• Substantive, the, [76].
• Substitution, [27], [110], [226].
• Sully, J., [25], [160], [175].
• Sylvester, [148].
• Symbolic thought, [132], [226].
• Symbolism, complete, [109].
• Symbols, [145].
• Taine, [33], [34], [73], [87], [129].
• Temporal signs, [178].
• Ten, the most convenient arithmetical basis, [143].
• Thermodynamics, [192].
• Time, origin of the concept of, [159];
• consciousness of, [164 et seq.];
• sense of, [164];
• conception of infinite, [174];
• measure of, [174 et seq.];
• psychological process by which its primitive notion is constituted in consciousness, [175 et seq.]
• Time-perception, simple repetition the elements of, [176];
• the work of attention, [178].
• Tracy, Destutt de, [80].
• Tylor, [43], [50], [67], [71], [99], [142], [143].
• Unconscious activity, [132].
• Unconscious, the, [224];
• psychology of the, [226].
• Unity, idea of, [138];
• abstract, [141].
• Unity-type, [143].
• Utility, [218], [219];
• law of, [5].
• Van Ende, [170].
• Venn, J., [188].
• Vera causa, [181].
• Verb, the, [78], [97].
• Vierordt, [163].
• Visual types, [112], [119 et seq.]
• Vital force, [193].
• Vocalisation, [61].
• Vogt, [208].
• Waitz, [178].
• Wallace, [217].
• Ward, [178].
• Wasps, intelligence of, [14].
• Weismann, [218].
• Whitney, [69], [71], [75], [80].
• Wilks, Dr., [58].
• Will, the type of causality, [181 et seq.]
• Wizel, Adam, [126].
• Words, do we think without them?, [40];
• they pass to autocracy, [102].
• Writing, [53].
• Wundt, [103], [149], [161], [162], [163], [176], [189], [196].

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