GREEK AND ROMAN MONEY, WEIGHTS, AND MEASURES MENTIONED BY PLINY.

Acetabulum. R18 of a Sextarius, .1238 pint.
Actus. R120 Pedes or Roman feet.
Amphora. R48 Sextarii, 5 gall. 7.577 pints.
As. R218 farthings. Copper.
As. R weightSee “[Libra].”
Concha, Smaller, G and R.0412 pint.
Concha, Larger, G and R.1238 pint.
Congius. R5.9471 pints.
Cubitus. G1 foot 6.2016 inches.
Cubitus. R1 foot 5.4744 inches.
Culeus. R20 Amphoræ, 118 gall. 7.546 pints.
Cyathus. G and R112 of a Sextarius, .0825 pint.
Denarius. R16 Asses, 812 pence. Silver.
Denarius. R. weight52.5 to 60 grains.
Digitus, or Finger. R116 of a Pes, .7281 inch.
Drachma. G.63 grains.
Hemina. RSee “[Semisextarius].”
Jugerum. R240 Pedes or Roman feet by 120.
Libra, or Pound. R1134 ounces 60.45 grains, avoird.
Mina.[1] G15 ounces 83.75 grains, avoird.
Modius. R. [dry measure]13 of an Amphora, 1 gall. 7.8576 pints.
Obolus, G112 pence + .5 farthings. Silver.
Obolus. G. weight10.5 grains.
Palmus, or Handbreadth. R2.9214 inches.
Passus, or Pace.[2] R5 Roman feet, 4 ft. 10.248 inches.
Pes, or Foot. R12 Unciæ, 11.6496 inches.
Pollex, or Thumb. RSee “[Uncia]” [lineal measure].
Quadrans. R.53125 farthings. Copper.
Quadrans. R weight3 Unciæ, 234 ounces 97.21 grs.
Quadrantal. RSee “[Amphora].”
Quartarius. R14 of a Sextarius, .2477 pint.
Quinarius. R12 of a Denarius.
Scripulum, or Scruple. R124 of an Uncia, 18.06 grains.
Semisextarius. R12 of a Sextarius.
Sestertius. R14 of a Denarius. Brass or Silver.
Sestertium. R1000 Sestertii, £7 16s. 3d.
Sextarius. R16 of a Congius, .9911 pint.
Spithama, or Span. G9.1008 inches.
Stadium. G and R18 of a Roman mile, 606 feet 9 in.
Teruncius. RSee “[Quadrans]” [weight & money].
Ulna, or Ell. R6 feet, 81 inch.
Uncia, or Inch. R112 of a Pes, .9708 inch.
Uncia, or Ounce. R112 of a Libra. 433.666 grs.
Urna. R12 of an Amphora.
Victoriatus. RSee “[Quinarius].”

The Schœnus, an Egyptian and Persian lineal measure, varied considerably; being sometimes thirty, and sometimes forty Stadia. See B. v. c. 11, B. vi. c. 30, and B. xii. c. [30].

The Attic Talent, as a weight, was equal to 56lb. 1514oz. 100.32 grains. The Commercial Talent was 85lb. 212oz. 70.7 grs. The Silver Attic, or Great Talent, was in value £343 15s. or, according to Pollux, £406 5s. The Gold, or Sicilian Talent, was equal in weight to six Attic Drachmæ, or about 34 oz. and 71 grs. The Egyptian Talent, as a measure of weight, was equal to about twice the Attic Talent.


NATURAL HISTORY OF PLINY.

BOOK XI.
THE VARIOUS KINDS OF INSECTS.