JOHN HEYWOOD
One of the first who wrote English plays, was a noted jester, of some reputation in poetry in his time. Wood says, that notwithstanding he was stiled Civis Londinensis, yet he laid a foundation of learning at Oxford, but the severity of an academical life not suitng with his airy genius, he retired to his native place, and had the honour to have a great intimacy with Sir Thomas More. It is said, that he had admirable skill both in instrumental and vocal music, but it is not certain whether he left any compositions of that sort behind him. He found means to become a favourite with King Henry VIII on account of the quickness of his conceits, and was well rewarded by that Monarch.[1] After the accession of Queen Mary to the throne, he was equally valued by her, and was admitted into the most intimate conversation with her, in diverting her by his merry stories, which he did, even when she lay languishing on her death-bed. After the decease of that princess, he being a bigotted Roman Catholic, and finding the protestant interest was like to prevail under the patronage of the renowned Queen Elizabeth, he sacrificed the enjoyment of living in his own country, to that of his religion: For he entered into a voluntary exile, and settled at Mechlin in Brabant.
The Play called the Four P's being a new and and merry interlude of a Palmer, Pardoner, Poticary, and Pedler—printed in an old English character in quarto, has in the title page the pictures of four men in old-fashioned habits, wrought off, from a wooden cut. He has likewise writ the following interludes.
Between John the Husband and Tib the Wife.
Between the Pardoner and the Fryer, the Curate
and neighbouring Pratt.
Play of Gentleness and Nobility, in two parts.
The Pindar of Wakefield, a comedy.
Philotas Scotch, a comedy.
This author also wrote a dialogue, containing the number in effect of all the proverbs in the English tongue, compact in a matter concerning two manner of marriages. London 1547, and 1598, in two parts in quarto, all writ in old English verse, and printed in an English character.
Three hundred epigrams upon three hundred proverbs, in old English character.
A fourth hundred of epigrams, printed in quarto, London 1598.
A fifth hundred of epigrams, printed in quarto, London 1598.
The Spider and Fly. A Parable of the Spider and Fly, London 1556, in a pretty thick quarto, all in old English verse. Before the title is the picture of John Heywood at full length, printed from a wooden cut, with a fur gown on, almost representing the fashion of that, belonging to a master of arts, but the bottom of the sleeve reach no lower than his knees; on his head is a round cap, his chin and lips are close shaved, and hath a dagger hanging to his girdle.[2]
Dr. Fuller mentions a book writ by our author,[3] entitled Monumenta Literaria, which are said to Non tam labore, condita, quam Lepore condita: The author of English poetry, speaking of several of our old English bards, says thus of our poet. "John Heywood for the mirth and quickness of conceit, more than any good learning that was in him, came to be well rewarded by the king."
That the reader may judge of his epigrams, to which certainly the writer just mentioned alludes, I shall present him with one writ by him on himself.
Art thou Heywood, with thy mad merry wit?
Yea for sooth master, that name is even hit.
Art thou Heywood, that apply's mirth more than
thrift?
Yes sir, I take merry mirth, a golden gift.
Art thou Heywood, that hast made many mad
plays?
Yea many plays, few good works in my days.
Art thou Heywood, that hath made men merry
long?
Yea, and will, if I be made merry among.
Art thou Heywood, that would'st be made merry
now?
Yes, Sir, help me to it now, I beseech you.
He died at Mechlin, in the year 1565, and was buried there, leaving behind him several children, to whom he had given liberal education, one of whom is Jasper, who afterwards made a considerable figure, and became a noted Jesuit.
[Footnote 1: Wood Athen, Oxon.]
[Footnote 2: Wood ubi supra.]
[Footnote 3: Worthies of London, p. 221.]
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