INDEX.
A.
Ages of Faith,[85]
Alexander VI., election of, [214]
receives Catherine as a prisoner courteously, [256]
accuses her of conspiring to poison him, [257]
his death, [262]
Alphonso of Naples abdicates, [273]
Ammirato, the historian, his mention of Catherine, [27]
his account of Sforza's visit to Florence, [99]
Antonio, the painter, anecdote of, [159]
Apennines, travelling in, in the fifteenth century, [98]
Auditor of Forlì, his doubts, [224]
Avignon, restoration of the papacy from, [25]
B.
Balatrone, C., servant of the Riarii, [257]
Bargello of Imola, [232]
his bargain with Catherine, [ib.]
Barlow, Dr. H. C., his letter on Fontebranda, [398]
Bassi Antonio, scene at his death–bed, [129]
Beatification, [9]
Benincasa Giacomo, [6]
Bentivoglio, Lord of Bologna, threatens the Forlivesi, [192]
Bigazzi, Signor Pietro, [398]–[407]
Biographer's duty, [269]
Bona, Duchess of Milan, [92]
Bona Sforza, Duchess, her trousseau, [317]
Bonaventura, Catherine of Siena's sister, miraculously punished, [36]
Borghese family refuse to admit the relationship to them of St. Catherine, [88]
Burlamacchi, father F., [18]
C.
Calza, Compagnia della, at Venice, [113]
Candles, blessed by the Pope, as a safeguard in travelling, [134]
Cardona, Don Raymond di, reviews his army, [307]
Carnesecchi, the martyr, [361]
Carpi, Tommaso, Pope Alexander's chamberlain, [258]
"Carte de tendre," in the sixteenth century, [340]
Castellano, duties of, [208]
Cataleptic nature of Catherine's ecstasies, [23]
Catherine of Siena, her story puzzling, specially so from the recentness of its date, [2];
her home described, [7];
her bedchamber, [8];
her family, [19];
not well–looking, [20];
her travels, [24]
her letters to Pope Urban, [27]
her brothers made citizens of Florence, [29]
did really restore the papacy to Rome, [30]
legendary nature of her biography, [32]
at five years old, [33]
her early austerities, [34]
her confessions, [ib.]
her fasting, [37]
her communications with our Saviour, [38]
earns to read by miracle, ib.
her marriage, [39]
her renewed heart, [ib.]
her visions, [40]
she is joked with by our Saviour, [ib.]
her charity to Christ in the disguise of a beggarman, [41]
she converts sinners, [43]
receives the stigmata, [47]
ministers to the sick, [49]
literary phase of her character, [51]
her Dialogue of Divine Doctrine, [ib.]
her prayers, [54]
her letters, [55]
miraculously taught to write, [58]
prayer by her in Tuscan verse, [62]
writes reproof to the Pope, [65]
her letter to Charles V. of France, [67]
how far was she sincere, [77]
her moral standard, [80]
her great value to the Dominicans, [82]
her influence still operative, [83]
her strength of character, [85]
her ambition, [86]
Cervino, Cardinal, Vittoria Colonna's letter to, [389]
Cesare Borgia, [241]
appears before Imola, [247]
makes triumphal entry into Forlì, [250]
parleys with Catherine, [251]
visits Catherine his prisoner, [254]
Cesena, troops brought from, against Forlì, [192]
Charles VIII. of France invades Italy, [217]
abandons Naples, [274]
death, [276]
Charles V. visits Vittoria Colonna, [351]
short–sighted in the matter of the Interim,[136]
anecdote of his reception by the Fuggers, [143]
in winter quarters at Innspruck, [169]
escapes to Villach, [170]
Chattel property, importance of, in fifteenth century, [140]
Christ appears to St. Catherine as a beggarman, [41]
Clan, solidarity in medieval Italy, [227]
Clare St., convent fire at, [297]
Cobelli Leon, the chronicler, [144]
Codronchi Innocenzio; the seneschal seizes the fort Ravaldino, [177]
his strange conduct, [178]
Colonna, protonotary, persecution of, [161]
his tortures and death, [162]
Colonna, Cardinal, plundered, [161]
Colonna family, power, and wealth of, [279]
persecuted by Alexander VI., [285]
grants of land to them, [292]
at war with Pope Clement, [330]
Fabrizio, his political conduct, [290]
his death, [319]
Colonna Vittoria; her parents, [277]
eldest child, and not youngest, as the biographers say, [278]
betrothed to Pescara, [283]
educated by Duchessa di Francavilla, [ib.]
her beauty, [288]
presents received from, and made to her husband, [299]
her marriage, [300]
her honeymoon in Ischia, [301]
her epistle to her husband, [304]
continues childless, [306]
educates the Marchese del Vasto, [ib.]
her life in Ischia, [312]
sees her husband for the last time, [319]
Varchi's character of her, [323]
no trace of patriotic sentiment in her writings, [325]
her widowhood, [328]
retires to the convent of San Silvestro in Capite, [329]
returns to Ischia, [330]
character of her sonnets, [331]
specimens of them, [332]
her desire to die, [337]
her idea of her husband's goodness, [338]
what was the real nature of her sentiments towards her husband's memory, [339]
her purity of character, [340]
in Rome in 1530, [346]
her rambles in Rome, [ib.]
her intimacies, [350]
her religious poetry, [351]
visited by Charles V., [ib.]
visits Lucca and Ferrara, [ib.]
her protestant tendencies, [352]
welcomed to Ferrara by Ercole d'Este, [ib.]
thinks of visiting the Holy Land, [354]
returns to Rome, [ib.]
submissive to the church, [361]
her devotional sonnets, [369], et seq.
no moral sentiments in her poetry, [372]
absence of all patriotic feeling in her sonnets, [376]
arrives in Rome from Ferrara, [377]
opinions of her poetry by contemporary critics, [ib.]
her influence with Paul III., [378]
her friendship with Michael Angelo, [ib.]
goes to Orvieto, and returns to Rome, [382]
question of her orthodoxy, [383]
conversation with Michael Angelo, [387]
at Viterbo, [388]
her letter to Cervino, [389]
returns for the last time to Rome, [390]
Fracastoro consulted on her health, [ib.]
sorrows in her last days, [391]
her death, ib.
Colours, favourite, in fifteenth century, [406]
Confessional, Vittoria Colonna on, [365]
Contarini, his mission, and hopes of reconciliation, [354]
dedicates his work on Free Will to Vittoria Colonna, [378]
Contile, Luca, his visit to Vittoria Colonna, [382]
Convent–building, investment in, [172]
Conversation in the fifteenth century, [384]
Conversions operated by St. Catherine, [43]
Corio, his history of Milan, [400]
Corsi, Rinaldo, his commentary on Vittoria Colonna's poetry, [348]
Costume, female, in fifteenth century, [401]
Costume at Venice in the end of fifteenth century, [113]
Crucifixion, sonnet on, by Vittoria Colonna, [374]
Cuppani, L., copyist of Catherine's book of secrets, [264]
Cynicism of Catherine, [267]
Cynicism, singular instance of, [401]
Cyprian dresses, [124]
D.
Della Crusca, Academy of, approves of St. Catherine's style, [64]
Despotism in Italy, its results, [239]
Divine doctrine, book of, by St. Catherine, [51]
specimen of, [53]
Dominican Order, St. Catherine devoted to, [80]
of important value to, [82], [87]
Dominican monks, Catherine of Siena's special reverence for, [34]
E.
Ecstasies of St. Catherine, [21]
Ercolani Ludovico, Riano's butler, his faithful services after his master's murder, [182], et seq.
Ercole d'Este welcomes Vitt. Colonna to Ferrara, [352]
Ernest of Saxony arrives in Rome, [131]
honours shown him, [132]
Executions in Forlì, [201]
F.
Faith, justification by, doctrine of, why obnoxious to the Catholic Church, [359]
Falsehood, St. Catherine guilty of, [79]
Famine at Rome, A.D.1482, [155]
Felony in ermine, [147]
Feo, Tommaso, made Castellano of Ravaldino, [179]
his speech to the insurgents, [190]
turned out of his place, [209]
Feo, Giacomo, [207] his marriage
with Catherine, [210]
made Castellano, [ib.]
honours heaped on him, [211]
made Baron by the French King, [220]
his assassination, [221]
Ferdinand of Naples, death, [273]
Ferdinand II. of Naples, [274]
his death, [293]
Ferdinand of Spain, [275]
his entry into Naples,[295]
Ferrara, Court of, [351]
under its old Dukes, [33], et seq.
increase of, [35]
noted for its learned men, [37]
famine and pestilence in, [49]
Calvin at, [72]
Paul III's. visit to, [94]
curious alteration in the level of the soil, [97]
Finance difficulties of Catherine, [213]
Fleet, Roman, blessing of the, [139]
Florence employs Catherine as a negotiator, [26]
Galeazzo Sforza'sjourney to, [97]
at war with Pisa, [240]
Fontebranda fountain,[5]
Forlì, city of, [127]
gala on the arrival of the new sovereigns, [143]
situated between two armies, [217]
importance of the belligerents, [219]
Forlivesi, maltreated by Borgia's soldiers, [251]
Fortresses in Italian mediæval cities, their importance, [196]
Fracastoro, his letter on Vittoria Colonna's health, [390]
Francavilla, Duchessa di, [283]
Franciscans claim monopoly of the miracle of the stigmata, [48]
Frederick of Aragon in Ischia, [294]
Funeral of Giacomo Feo, [229]
Furniture, household, value of, in fifteenth century, [406]
G.
Gambara, Veronica, her estimate of Vittoria Colonna, [377]
Gianantonio di Parma, anecdote of, [157]
Giberto, Cardinal, invites Vitt. Colonna to Verona, [353]
his letter to Cardinal Bembo, [ib.]
Giovanna d'Aragona, [346]
Giovanni de' Medici, [235]
his death, [237]
Guicciardini, on the state of Italy in 1494, [90]
his estimate of good times in Italy, [216]
H.
Harford, Mr., his account of Vitt. Colonna's letter to Michael Angelo, [379]
Haters, the Italians great, [238]
Heart, Catherine of Siena's change of, [39]
Hunting party near Rome, [133]
I.
Imola, city of, [95]
Influence, the secret, of St. Catherine, [83]
Infessura Stefano, his chronicle, [399]
Innocent VIII., will have nothing to do with the Forlì insurgents, [195]
simoniacal election of, [170]
Ischia, Isle of, early home of Vitt. Colonna, [286]
Vitt. Colonna's life in, [312]
knot of poets there, [ib.]
J.
Jesting, between our Saviour and St. Catherine, [40]
Jew invited to settle in Forlì, [214]
Journey, day for, indicated by the planets, [139]
in the fifteenth century, [140]
Jubilee at Forlì, [215]
proceeds of, [216]
Jubilee year, 1500, [293]
Jurisprudence, mediæval, specimen of, [259]
K.
Knighthood inimical to patriotism, [291]
L.
Lampugnani, G. A., assassin of the Duke, [117]
Landriano, John Peter, [91]
Lapa, St. Catherine's mother, her death, [45]
Leon Cobelli, his fault and imprisonment, [207]
his lamentations over the body of G. Feo, [223]
Letters of St. Catherine, [55]
no originals of them extant, [56]
written during trance, [62]
high reputation of these letters, [63]
to Charles V. of France, [67]
subject of that letter, [75]
Literature, safe, for the millions, [17]
Litta, his opinion of Catherine, [225]
Litters for crossing the Apennines, [97]
Lord of misrule in Forlì, [252]
Lorenzo de' Medici, his reply to the insurgent Forlivesi, [193]
Louis XII. of France, his proposal to Ferdinand of Spain, [276]
Love–poetry of the sixteenth century, [344]
Love, woman's, should not survive esteem, [342]
Lucca, Protestant tendencies of, [352]
Ludovico il Moro, [272]
Luxury, increase of, [229]
M.
Macchiavelli in Forlì, [244]
Magnani, Bishop, his rule at Forlì, [154]
Maimbourg's testimony to Catherine's influence in restoring the papacy to Rome, [29]
Malatesta, Robert, death of, [155]
suspicions respecting it, [156]
Manfredi, Tadeo, lord of Imola, [95]
Guidazzo, his son,[96]
Mansion family, an Italian noble's feeling about, [202]
Mantellate of St. Domenico, [19]
Mantua, Marchioness of, visits the Spanish army, [308]
Manual for confessors, [49]
Marino, description of, [280]
Medals of Vitt. Colonna, [328]
the last struck in her lifetime, [381]
Michael Angelo, his friendship with Vitt. Colonna, [378]
his disposition and temperament, [ib.]
influenced by Vitt. Colonna, [379]
in the church of San Silvestro, [386]
with Vitt. Colonna in her last moments, [391]
present fate of papers and memorials left by, [409]
Milan, wealth of, [90]
Ministry to the sick, St. Catherine's, [49]
Miracles recorded of St. Catherine, specimens only can be given, [33]
miraculous conversions wrought by her, [45]
of the stigmata, [47]
many may be explained, [79]
Molza, the poet, [346]
Montano Cola and his pupils, [99]
Morality of some of St. Catherine's actions, [49]
low, in Vitt. Colonna's poetry, [373]
Morone, minister of the Duke of Milan, [321]
entrapped by Pescara, [324]
Murate convent, [263]
Muratori's testimony to her influence in restoring the papacy to Rome, [29]
Mussis de Johannes, his curious chronicle of ancient Placentian manners, [401]
N.
Naldi, Dionigi; Castellano at Imola, [247]
Naples, cause of quarrel with Milan, [273]
rapid changes of government, [275]
finally falls under power of Spain, [277]
New year's eve festival, [252]
Nitre, bought for Florence in Pesaro, [246]
O.
Ochino, Bernardino, [316]
Olanda di Francesco, his record of conversations with Vitt. Colonna, [383], et seq.
Olgiato, G., assassin of the Duke, [117]
his execution, [118]
Oratory of divine love, [356]
Ordelaffi, family of the, [127]
conspiracies in favour of, [151]
favoured by the Forlivesi, [152]
Orsi, Ludovico, accomplice in Riario's murder, [183]
Orsi, the father of the above, his experience of revolutions, [191]
his palace razed, [201]
he is put to death, [202]
Orsi, Checco, his quarrel with Riario, [180]
he murders Riario, [181]
his reply to the Duke of Milan, [195]
determines to murder Catherine's children, [198]
fails, and quits Forlì, [ib.]
Orthodoxy of Vitt. Colonna, [375]
Ottaviano Riario, general in the service of Florence, [244]
Oudin, Father Casimir, his doubts as to St. Catherine's authorship, [52]
P.
Pace, Pietro de, his adventure, [296]
Pansecco, L., assassin of Riario, [182]
Papal infallibility, doctrine of, dear to Italian minds, [367]
Papire Masson, his high estimate of St. Catherine's letters, [65]
Paradise, Catherine Sforza's, [231]
difficulty of paying for it, ib.
Pasquinades on Cardinal Riario, [400]
Passeri, the weaver, Neapolitan diarist, [408]
Patriotism has no place in Vitt. Colonna's poetry, [376]
Paul II., Pope, [102]
Paul III. Pope, [349]
creates several good cardinals, [350]
makes war on the Colonnas, [381]
his conduct respecting his son, ii. [42]
his character, [79]
waits in vain near Canossa for Charles V., [93]
visits Ferrara, [94]
his death, [114]
Pazzi conspiracy, [135]
Pescara, Ferdinand, Marquis of, [287]
joins the army, [301]
made prisoner, [303]
complimented by Isabella of Aragon, [ib.]
his Dialogo d'amore, [304]
his character, [309]
anecdote of his cruelty, [310]
last interview with his wife, [319]
his cruelty, [320]
his treachery and infamy, [321]
his Spanish predilections, [325]
rewarded for his infamy, [327]
his death, [ib.]
Petrarchism in the sixteenth century, [343]
Phœnix burning in Italy, [271]
Piccolomini, Don Alfonso, his marriage, [315]
Pio Nono, anecdote of, [89]
Platonism of the sixteenth century, [339]
Poland, King of, marriage festivities of, in Naples, [313]
Pole, Cardinal, his influence on Vitt. Colonna, [388]
Political intrigues in Italy, 1481, [146]
Politics, Italian, in the fifteenth century, [93]
Popes, good and bad, succeed in sets, [103]
Pozzuoli, caverns of, [296]
Prayers by St. Catherine, [54]
Protestant tendencies of Vitt. Colonna, [352]
Pyramus and Thisbe medal, [348]
R.
Ravaldino, fortress of, at Forlì, [172]
Ravenna, rout of, [303]
Raymond of Capua, [9]
becomes General of the Dominicans, [10]
his Life of St. Catherine, [11]
specimens of that work, [14]
his proof of Catherine's miraculous powers, [22]
his assertion of a miracle, [31]
bequeathes two volumes of Catherine's letters, [57]
his insincerity, [81]
Reading, learned by Catherine of Siena, by miracle, [38]
Reformers in Italy, [357]
Renaissance, women of the, [vi]
little available as models for imitation, [vii]
wars of the, in Italy, ignoble in their nature, [291]
Revolution, striking proneness to, in mediæval Italian cities, [226]
Riario, Girolamo, [106]
made citizen of Rome, [127]
invested with lordship of Forlì, ib.
made general of the Roman forces, [128]
contriver of the Pazzi conspiracy, [136]
his wealth, [141]
his reasons for quitting Rome, [142]
remits tax on corn, [144]
his extensive architectural undertakings, [145], [172]
his visit to Venice, [146]
is dissatisfied with the results of it, [150]
returns to Imola, [150]
returns to Rome, [152]
marches against the Neapolitans, [153]
his savage conduct to the Protonotary Colonna, [161]
in difficulty after the Pope's death, [167]
returns to Forlì, [169]
confirmed in his possessions and offices by Innocent VIII., [170]
his difficult position, [171]
finds himself a poor man, [172]
has a hard life, [174]
his dangerous illness, [176]
his death, [181]
Riario, Peter, Cardinal, his preferments, [105]
his pomp, [107]
his rivalry with Galeazzo Sforza, [107]
his visit to Milan, [108]
his visit to Venice, [112]
his death, [114]
his epitaph, [115]
Riario family is founded, [166]
present family, ancestor of, [173]
Rohan, Cardinal de, anecdote of his death and burial, [156]
Roman history, dangerous reading, [99], [117]
Rome, life in, A.D. 1480–90, [128], [130]
hunting party near, [133]
life in, A.D. 1482, [155]
riots in, [160]
anarchy in, at the death of Pope Sixtus, [168]
Rome's feudal dues, [241]
Ronchi, G., assassin of Riario, [182]
threatens Catherine, [187]
Rose, Golden, to what English sovereigns sent, [405]
Rosmini, his history of Milan, [400]
S.
Sadoleto obtains a bull to prevent Vitt. Colonna from taking the veil, [329]
St. Angelo, castle of, anecdote of an escape from, [157]
Salt–tax occasions war between the Colonna and Paul III., [381]
Salviati, Archbishop, hung at Florence, [135]
Santi, Gismondo, murder of, [322]
Santo Spirito, church of, burned down, [101]
Savelli, Cardinal, invited to Forlì by the insurgents, [185]
his interview with Catherine, [186]
is duped by Catherine, [190]
his reply to the Lord of Bologna, [192]
finds himself in difficulty, [194]
forges a bull, [ib.]
Schismatic Pope, important consequences of, [75]
Secrets, Catherine's volume of wonderful, [264]
Sforza, Galeazzo Maria, [91]
his journey to Florence, [97]
his pleasures, [109]
his death, [117]
his character, [119]
Sforza, Catherine, born [91]
legitimation of her, [95]
projects of marriage, [95]
accompanies her father to Florence, [97]
negotiations for her marriage with Girolamo Sforza, [111]
her marriage in danger, [116]
her marriage, [121]
her entry into Rome, [123]
her personal appearance, [ib.]
her residence in Rome, [125]
her influence with Sixtus IV., [126]
whether guilty of the Pazzi conspiracy, [137]
her three elder children, [138]
her entry into Forlì, [142]
her questionable happiness, [154]
her energetic conduct after the Pope's death, [167]
her younger children, [173]
a helpful wife to her husband, [175]
her character, [176]
visits Milan, [ib.]
nurses her husband in his illness, [177]
her night–ride to Forlì, [178]
recovers possession of Ravaldino, [179]
birth of her sixth child, [180]
her first steps on learning the murder of her husband, [185]
is imprisoned by the Orsi, [186]
is threatened by the insurgents, [187]
succeeds in obtaining permission to enter the castle, [189]
her clemency, [199]
her graciousness in the hour of triumph, [200]
her virile energy, [204]
marriage projected for her, [205]
her anger thereat, [206]
lures the Castellano out of Ravaldino, [209]
orders a man to the rack for speaking of her marriage with Feo, [210]
conduct to her children, [211]
decides on allying herself with Naples, [219]
breaks that alliance, [ib.]
conduct after the murder of Feo, [224]
doubts as to her innocence of Feo's murder, [225]
what she thanked God for, [226]
her vengeance, [227]
builds a new palace and gardens, [230]
how she finds the money to pay for them, [232]
her third marriage, [234]
her posterity by this marriage, [236]
her trade in soldiers, [240]
deposed by Alexander VI., [241]
her recruiting, [242]
negotiations with Macchiavelli, [245]
her conference with her subjects, [248]
batters Forlì, [249]
is taken prisoner, [253]
taken to Rome, [255]
accused of conspiracy to poison the Pope, [257]
confined in St. Angelo, [260]
released by interference of French king, [262]
goes to Florence, [ib.]
retires to the Murate, [ib.]
her volume of wonderful secrets, [264]
her moral and intellectual condition, [268]
her death, [270]
apocryphal story of, [407]
Siena, description of, [3]
Silvestro San, in Capite, Vitt. Colonna retires thither, [329]
church of, party in, [385]
Sixtus IV., Pope, [102]
his lineage, [103]
his character, [104]
whether guilty of the Pazzi conspiracy, [136]
his designs on Ferrara, [153]
his fraudulent granaries, [155]
his violence to the court of the Rota, [158]
condemns a painter to death, [159]
implacability towards the Colonna, [161]
his despair at the conclusion of peace, [164]
and death, [165]
Sleep, St. Catherine's abstinence from, [78]
Soldiers, trade in, by little princes of Italy, [240]
Sonnets, theological, of Vitt. Colonna, [362], et seq.
character of, [332]
specimen of Vitt. Colonna's, [333], et seq.
Stella, Catherine's sister, her marriage, [193]
Stigmata, miracle of the, [47]
T.
Tapestry belonging to Ferdinand I., [297]
Tasso, Bernardo, his sonnet on the society in Ischia, [313]
Taxation, unequal, [231]
applied to give alms to ruined taxpayers, [233]
Tiraboschi, his opinion of Vittoria's orthodoxy, [361]
Tolentino, Francesco, governor of Forlì, [151]
Toll–bars, Catherine's, [212]
failure of them, [213]
Torelli, Onorato,[95]
Trissino, Giangiorgio, letter to him from Vitt. Colonna, [353]
Tyrants, occasional impotence of, [158]
U.
Ughelli, Abate, his testimony to Catherine's influence, [29]
V.
Valdez, Juan, reformer, [357]
Varchi, Bened., his character of Vitt. Colonna, [323]
Vasto, Marchese del, educated by Vitt. Colonna, [306]
death of, [391]
Venice, festivities at, [148]
Verri, his history of Milan, [400]
his sentiments on the assassination of Duke Sforza, [119]
Vigne, delle, Pietro, [10]
Virgin, sonnet to, by Vitt. Colonna, [375]
Virgin della Bruna, carried from Naples to Rome, [294]
Visconti, extinction of, in Milan, [91]
Visconti, C., assassin of the Duke, [117]
Visconti, Pietro, recent editor of Vitt. Colonna's works, [278]
W.
Woman, her social position a test of civilisation, [v]
woman's love should not outlive esteem, [342]
Works, good; what sort the church requires, [360]
Writing, art of, miraculously acquired by St. Catherine, [58]
Z.
Zocchejo, Melchior, Castellano of Ravaldino, his character, [177]
his death, [ib.]
END OF VOLUME I.
BRADBURY AND EVANS, PRINTERS, WHITEFRIARS.
FOOTNOTES:
[2] Quetif et Echard, Script. Ord. Præd., tom. i. p. 679.
[3] "Eique cœlitus datus est a confessionibus et divinorum secretorum conscius."—Quetif et Echard, Script. Ord. Præd., tom. i. p. 679.
[4] Among others, the writer refers to a life of St. Catherine, by Pietro Aretino. That most versatile of literary scamps did, indeed, write such a work; but it is the life of an altogether different St. Catherine!
[5] Vita di Cat., vol. i. p. 19.
[6] It may be noted for the unlearned reader, that, though catholic signifies universal, catha has no such sense.
[7] Vita di Cat., vol. i. p. 46.
[8] "Vi contentiate di farmi una grazia si grande."
[9] It may be just mentioned, for the benefit of the English reader, that the name Catherine, as may be seen from any dictionary, is derived from the Greek adjective signifying "pure."
[10] Vita di Cat., vol. i. p. 81.
[11] Vita di Cat., vol. i. p. 114.
[12] Ibid., vol. i. p. 153.
[13] That is, by the hand of her secretary; of which more anon.
[14] There is a letter from her to the war commissioners in Florence, written from Avignon, 28th of June, 1376, ten days after her arrival there, in which she speaks of an interview she had had with the Pope on this subject. It is the 197th letter of the collection.
[15] Ammirato, Istorie Fiorentine, vol. v. p. 130. Edit. Florence, 1824.
[16] The "otto della guerra;" a committee of eight, appointed to carry on the war.
[17] Ammirato, vol. v. p. 133.
[18] Muratori, Annali, ad ann. 1376.
[19] Hist. du grand Schis. d'Occid., lib. i. p. 11.
[20] Ughelli, Ital. Sacra, vol. i. col. 45.
[21] Burlamacchi, Epis., vol. i. p. 92.
[22] That is, not only of such things as have occurred since the last confession, but of all the sins of a lifetime.
[23] Supplement. di Script. Eccl., p. 649. Paris, 1686.
[24] Dialogo, etc. Op. di Son Cat., vol. iv. p. 30.
[25] The report of the investigation, which took place on occasion of her canonization, in 1411. This Caffarini was one of her disciples.
[26] This was the Beato Stefano Maconi, one of the amanuenses of the Saint.
[27] The Dialogue, of which an account has been given.
[28] The original is also printed at the end of the volume, for the examination of those who might think that the translation unfairly represented its merits.
[29] This phrase, "with the desire to see in you," occurs in the same position and construction in nearly every letter.
[30] I translate literally. The sense would seem to be, "or if it does so, it does so only," &c.
[31] It is curious to observe the mind perverted by the church doctrine of self-abnegation to such a point as to become incapable of seeing that human nature cannot be more Godlike than when it does justice "for its own natural pleasure."
[32] This phrase, "open the eye of your mind," occurs with wearisome repetition in Catherine's writings.
[33] The expression in the original is, "lie over their heads."
[34] That is to say, whom they pretended to have elected, in order to quiet the populace, who insisted on having a Roman Pope. They did elect the Archbishop of Bari; but gave out that they had elected the Cardinal of St. Peter, intending that to be believed only till they could leave the Conclave and get into safety.
[35] The favours, that is to say, begged of Urban, who of course could grant none such, if he were not Pope. It is in truth clear enough, that the excuses of those Cardinals who deserted the party of Urban, were mere afterthoughts. They deemed him truly enough elected, till they found that they had given themselves a severer master than they had reckoned on.
[36] The construction of this sentence is defective in the original; "truth" in the singular being the nominative case to the two verbs, which are in the plural, as if governed by "servants of God."
[37] The Saint is wrong here, in matter of fact. More than one recognised saint was of the party of Clement, afterwards definitively judged by the Church to have been an anti-Pope. Burlamacchi is sadly gravelled by this awkward fact, and labours hard in his note on the passage to show that the saints of Clement's party were not warm partisans in his favour; but if our saint is right, they must have been damned.
[38] The context would seem to require "ye" in place of "we" here. I translate the phrase as I find it. Burlamacchi has no remark on the passage.
[39] She alludes to the Sorbonne.
[40] That is, the French cardinals, who took part against Urban. It should seem as if some such phrase as "tolerate them" were left out after the words "otherwise not."
[41] Burlamacchi remarks, that this passage seems to indicate that Catherine had an intention of going to Paris.
[42] This last phrase forms the conclusion of every one of the Saint's letters.
[43] Lib. i. cap. i.
[44] Vita di Caterina Sforza, dall'Abate Antonio Burriel, 3 vols. 4to. Bologna, 1795. Burriel was a Spanish priest; and his work, which I shall frequently have occasion to quote, is not deficient in research and painstaking, though it is the production of a thorough-going partisan, and one perfectly imbued with the opinion, that not only kings, but all royal and noble persons, whether mitred or coroneted, can do no wrong.
[45] Guicciardini, lib. i. cap. i.
[46] Burriel, lib. i. cap. i.
[47] Corio, Historia di Milano, ad ann. 1471.
[48] Verri, Storia di Milano, cap. xviii. Corio, all'anno 1471. Rosmini, Istoria di Milano, vol. iii. p. 19. This learned, accurate, and trustworthy History of Milan, was printed in that city in four vols. 4to, 1820.
[49] Burriel, vol. i. p. 27.
[50] Ammirato, Istorie Fiorentine, lib. xxiii., Gonf. 1079.
[51] Ammirato, lib. xxiii., Gonf. 1006.
[53] Du Plessis Mornai, Mystère d'Iniquité, p. 555, et seq.
[54] Article sixte iv.
[55] Corio, the contemporary annalist of Milan, writes: "Hebbe due che egli chiamava Nipoti."—Istor. Mil. p. 974. "Secundo che ciascuno credeva, erano suoi figliúoli."—Machiavelli, St. lib. vii.
[56] Papiensis Cardinalis Epis., 548. Diario di Ste. Infissura, p. 1144.
[59] Gioviano Pontano, in the first chapter of his book, "De Splendore."
[60] Burriel, lib. i. cap. iii. p. 21.
[61] Vitæ Pontif. et Card. in vita Petri, "sublimes spiritus et imperio idoneos induit."
[62] Ferrario, Costumiere, vol. viii. p. 314.
[63] Infessura says, without intimating any doubt, "fu atossicato,"—"he was poisoned," but he does not say by whom. Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii. par. 2, p. 1144.
[64] Ist. Mil., p. 976.
[66] Rosmini, vol. iii. p. 34.
[67] Verri, Ist. Mil., chap. xviii.
[69] "Questo mondo è dei solleciti."
[70] Filippo da Bergamo: "Est quippe hæc Catarina inter mulieres nostri sæculi formosissima, et eleganti aspectu, ac per omnes corporis artus mirificè ornata est." Bernardi, her personal attendant for many years, writes that she was "molto formosa del suo corpo."
[71] Paolo Bonoli, Storia di Forlì, 2 vols. 1826; vol. ii. p. 211.
[72] Cardinal Bibbiena to Giuliano de Medici.
[74] Clement XII., A.D. 1730.
[75] Paul III., A.D. 1534.
[76] Vita di Catarina, lib. i. chap. iv. p. 31.
[77] Bernardi. p. 429.
[78] Infessura, apud Muratori, tom. iii. part ii. p. 1146.
[79] Rer. Ital. Scrip. Muratori, tom. xxiii. p. 111.
[80] Ap. Muratori, Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. xxiii. p. 112.
[81] Jacobus Volaterranus, Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. xxiii. p. 109.
[82] Jac. Volat, Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. xxiii. p. 104.
[85] Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. iii. par. ii. p. 1146.
[86] Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom, xxiii. p. 137.
[87] Bonoli, p. 213.
[88] Jac. Volter., Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. xxiii. p. 140.
[89] Burriel, p. 50.
[90] Jac. Volter., Rer. Ital. Scrip., tom. xxiii. p. 140.
[91] Burriel, p. 51.
[92] Vecchiazzani, Historia di Forlimpopoli (Rimini, 1647), vol. ii. p. 153; Bonoli, Storia di Forlì, p. 210.
[93] Bonoli, p. 213; Burriel, p. 54.
[94] Burriel, p. 52.
[95] Alberghetti, Storia della Città d'Imola, p. 251.
[96] Burriel, p. 55.
[97] Burriel, p. 75.
[98] Rer. Ital. Script., tom., xxiii. p. 242.
[99] Printed by Fabroni, in his life of Lorenzo, from the original in the Florentine archives.
[101] Burriel, p. 103.
[102] Il Notario di Nantiporto. Ap. Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii. par. 2, p. 1183.
[103] Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii. par. 2, p. 1183.
[104] Not. di Nantiporto. Ap. Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii. par. 2, p. 1183.
[105] Notario di Nantiporto. Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii. par. 2, p. 1087.—Infessura, same volume, p. 1178.
[107] Notario di Nantiporto. Rer. Ital. Script., tom. iii p. 2, p. 1084.
[108] Infessura, tom. iii., por. ii. p. 1163.
[109] Tom. iii. por. ii. p. 1170.
[110] 12th of August, 1484.
[111] Infessura, tom. iii. por. ii. p. 1185.
[112] Burriel, p. 121.
[113] Burriel, p. 137.
[114] Burriel, p. 169.
[115] Marchesi, Storia di Forlì, lib. ix. p. 554.
[116] Bernardi, Lastri Forlìvesi, p. 117.
[117] Burriel, p. 174.
[118] Burriel, p. 239; Bonoli, p. 235; Vecchiazzani, vol. ii. p. 164; Alberghetti, p. 254; Infessura apud Murat., tom. iii. por. ii. p. 1219.
[119] For the account of the following interesting passages of Catherine's life, the authorities are Burriel, lib. ii. cap. v. vi. vii.; Alberghetti, p. 255, et seq.; Vecchiazzani, vol. ii. p. 164, et seq.; and Bonoli, lib. x. The last is on this occasion the best, and has been chiefly followed in the text.
[121] Burriel, p. 430; Bonoli, vol. ii. p. 260.
[122] Burriel, p. 431.
[123] Burriel, p. 450.
[124] Burriel, p. 446.
[125] Burriel, lib. ii. cap. xviii.
[126] Burriel, p. 492.
[127] Guicciardini, lib. i.; Bonoli, vol. ii. p. 270.
[128] Burriel, p. 579.
[129] Bonoli, vol. ii. p. 274; Burriel, p. 579; Vecchiazzani, vol. ii. p. 187.
[130] Cobelli, p. 277.
[132] Burriel, p. 582.
[133] Litta. Famig. de' Medici.
[134] Burriel, lib. iii. chap. ii.
[135] Burriel, p. 629.
[136] Bonoli, vol. ii. p. 277.
[137] Burriel, p. 673.
[138] Opere di Macchiavelli. Italia. 1813, vol. vi. p. 7.
[139] Burriel, p. 725.
[140] Burriel, p. 760.
[141] Bernardi, p. 410.
[142] Burriel, p. 783.
[143] Burriel, p. 817.
[144] Fabio Oliva.
[145] Vecchiazzani, vol. ii. p. 203.
[146] Burriel, p. 823.
[147] Girlhood of Cat. de' Medici, cap. 10.
[149] Storia di Nap., lib, i. cap. 1.
[150] He speaks, indeed, (p. 236) of Sciarra as a brother of Ascanio: adding, that he was illegitimate.
[151] Coppi, Mem. Col., p. 269.
[152] Which is the truly wonderful assertion of M. le Fevre Deumier, in his little volume entitled "Vittoria Colonna;" Paris, 1856, p. 7.
[153] As it would appear they must have been, from the dates given above to show that Vittoria must have been their first child.
[154] Coppi Mem. Col., p. 228.
[155] Coppi. Mem. Col., p. 243.
[156] Book v. chap. ii.
[157] Book xvii. chaps. iii. and iv.
[158] Giovio, Vita del Mar. di Pescara, Venice, 1557, p. 14.
[159] Visconti, Rimi di Vit. Col., p. 39. See portrait prefixed to this volume.
[160] Coppi, Mem. Col., p. 249.
[162] Passeri, p. 122.
[163] Passeri, p. 126.
[164] Passeri, p. 146.
[165] Passeri, p. 151.
[166] Passeri, p. 152.
[167] Passeri, p. 162.
[168] Giovio, Bp. of Como, Life of Pescara, book i.
[169] Filocalo, MS. Life of Pescara, cited by Visconti, p. lxxxii.
[170] Giovio, lib. i.
[171] Visconti, p. 77.
[172] Passeri, p. 197.
[173] Passeri, p. 326.
[174] Passeri, p. 234.
[176] Ist. Ital., lib. xvi. cap. 4.
[177] Varchi, Storia Fiorentina, vol. i. p. 88, edit. Firenze, 1843.
[178] Varchi, p. 89.
[179] Lettere de Principi, vol. i. p. 87. See Letters from Giberto to Gismondo Santo, and to Domenico Sanli.
[180] Storia, lib. xvii. chap. iv.
[181] Guicciardini, lib. xvii. chap. iv.
[182] Vita, lib. i.
[183] Contemporary copy of the Act of Accusation, cited by Visconti, p. ci.
[185] See advertisement "ai lettori" of Rinaldo's Corso's edition of the sonnet. Venice, 1558.
[186] Madame Lamaze, Études sur Trois Femmes Celèbres; Paris, 1848, p. 41.
[187] Lettere di Bembo vol. i. p. 115, ed. 1560.
[188] Edit., Serassi pp. 14, 15, 37, 40.
[189] Mem. per la St. di Ferrara. di Antonio Frizzi, vol. iv. p. 333.
[190] Vita., p. cxiii.
[191] Letter dated 11th September 1537, from Bembo's Correspondence cited by Visconti, p. cxv.
[192] Visconti, p. cxiv.
[193] Visconti, p. cxvi.
[194] He left Rome 11th November, 1538. Letter from Contarini to Pole, cited by Ranke. Austin's transl., vol. i. p. 152.
[195] Caracciolo, Vita di Paolo 4, MS. Ranke, Popes, vol. i. p. 136, edit. cit.
[196] Ranke. ed. cit., vol. i. p. 217.
[197] Ed. cit., vol. i. p. 138.
[198] Bembo, Opere, vol. iii. p. 65.
[199] Opere, ed. Ven., p. 164.
[200] Annales, ad. ann. 1540.
[201] Visconti, p. 123.
[202] See Harford's Michael Angelo, vol. ii. p. 148, et seq.
[204] Harford's Michael Angelo, vol. ii. p. 158.
[205] Coppi. Mem. Col., p. 306.
[206] Especially Adriani, Storia di suoi tempi.
[207] Visconti, p. cxxvii.
[208] Contile, Lettere, p. 19; Venice, 1564.
[210] Visconti, p. cxxxi. Printed also by Tiraboschi, vol. 7.
[212] Lettere del Tolomei. Venezia, 1578.
[213] Visconti, p. cxxxiv.
[214] Condivi. Vita.
[215] See also, in support of the view taken in the text, "Historia di Forlimpopoli, di Matteo Vecchiazzani." Forlimpopoli, 1647. Page 140. Also, "Compendio della Storia della Città d'Imola; da Giuseppe Alberghetti." Imola, 1810. Page 248–9.
[216] The words in the original are "paludamentum" and "soccam" on neither of which does Ducange throw any satisfactory light.
[217] Anne Boleyn, whom Rome always deems to have been the sole cause of England's heresy.
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES
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