FOOTNOTES:
[37] Data drawn from "Poor's Manual of Railroads," 1889, and the "Statistical Abstract of the United States," 1888, and carefully revised, form, in large part, the basis of the several studies; and the writer hereby expresses obligation to Mr. John P. Meany, editor of the "Manual," for kindly aid in his work.
[38] A ton-mile means a ton of freight hauled one mile; ten ton-miles, a ton of freight hauled ten miles, or two tons hauled five miles.
[INDEX.]
Accidents, chances of, [191]
at crossings, [408]
from coupling cars, [223], [392]
investigation of, [399]
to railway bridges, [26]
South Norwalk, [221]
statistics of, [260]
to trainmen, [393]
to trains, origin of, [167]
Adams, Charles Francis, [104], [367]
Air-brake, [193], [195]
Allen, Horatio, [2], [4], [102]
Arbitration between railways and their employees, [376], [381]
Armstrong, Colonel G. G., [316]
Atkinson, Edward, [43]
Auditor's duties, [180], [183]
Baggage-check system, [253]
Baggage-master, work of, [416]
Baggage service, abuses in, [179]
Baggage transportation, [253]
Baldwin Locomotive Works, [132]
Ballast of a railway, [37]
Baltimore & Ohio, the, [103]
cars, [139]
early passenger-trains, [230]
in 1830, [101]
Bangs, George S., [317]
Bell-cord train-signal, [237]
Bessemer, Sir Henry, [37]
Bessemer steel, invention of, [37]
Blaine, James G., [323]
Blair, Montgomery, [317]
Block-signal, automatic, [215]
system, [168], [213]
Boilers, construction of, [114]
Bonds and stock, relative position of, [354]
Brake, air-, [193], [195]
advantages of air-, [387]
improvements suggested to air-, [199]
American, [202]
and coupler, [237]
Beals, [202]
chain, [193]
continuous, [195]
early forms of, [192]
electric, [194]
hand, [193];
perils of, [387];
how to manage, [388]
hydraulic, [193]
steam driver-, [192]
trials at Burlington, [200]
vacuum, [193], [195]
water, [202]
Westinghouse air-, [193], [195]
Brakemen, characteristics of, [384]
duties of, [394]
life, agreeable and disagreeable features of, [386], [389]
passenger-train, advantages of, [396]
pleasures of, [394]
wit of, the result of meditation, [385]
Bridges, railway, accidents to, [26]
American iron, [28]
American, development of, [27];
length of, [24], [26]
American wooden, [27]
and culverts, how built, [22]
Bismarck, [86]
Britannia, [79]
builders, [423]
cantilever, [33], [88]
connecting two tunnels, [55]
connections, types of, [85]
foundations by crib or open caisson, [75]
Bridges, foundations by pneumatic caisson, [69]
foundations, how made, [32], [67]
foundations under water, [67]
gangs, work of, [155]
great, over cañons and valleys, [55]
guard-rails and frogs for, [221]
Hawkesbury River, [32]
Howe truss, [27]
how to build safe, [31]
Kentucky River, [34], [55], [88]
Kinzua, [30]
Lachine, [92]
masonry arch, [76]
Niagara cantilever, [34], [90]
Portage, [78]
Poughkeepsie, [32], [34]
steel truss, development of, [85]
strength of, [29]
St. Louis, [93]
trusses, types of, [86]
tubular, [80]
typical American truss, [86]
Verrugas, [55]
Victoria, [80]
Washington, over Harlem River, [77], [94]
wooden, [78]
wood, stone, and iron, [25], [26]
Bridgers, R. R., [340]
Bridgewater, Duke of, [345]
Broken trains, dangers of, [388]
Burr & Wernwag, [27]
Caissons for bridge foundations, how made, [32], [69]
open, [75]
pneumatic, [69]
Camden & Amboy locomotives, [106]
Cameron, Simon, prediction of, [232]
Campbell, Henry R., [109]
Cantilever bridges, [33], [88]
Capital invested in railways, [344], [448]
Car-accountant, and the transportation department, [275]
office of, [271]
Car-accounting, benefits of a good system, [280]
Car-builders' dictionary, [147]
Car-couplers, imperfections of, [140]
need of uniformity in, [141]
Car-coupling, accidents from, [223], [392]
Cars, American and English, [7]
American, evolution of, [139]
Baltimore & Ohio freight-, [139]
different kinds of, [146]
old, discomforts of, [234]
distribution of, [171], [279]
empty, distribution of, [279]
first American passenger-, [139]
first sleeping-, [140]
for special uses, [289]
freight-, wanderings of a, [267]
heating by gas, [226]
heating by steam, [226]
heating, methods of, [245]
lighting safely, [226]
mileage and records, [158]
mileage charges, [273]
Mohawk & Hudson passenger-, [139]
number of, in the United States, [148]
records of movement, [171]
service charges, per diem plan, [29]
service of, payment for, [293]
service records and reports, [276]
tracers for, [279]
trucks, [7];
invention of, [108]
use and abuse of, [281]
Car-wheels, European, [144]
how made, [142]
paper, [145]
Cassatt, A. J., [340]
Check system for baggage, [253]
Chief engineer, duties of, [154]
Chimbote Railway in the Andes, [50], [53]
Civil service reform in the mail service, [340]
Classifications of freight, [176]
Clerks, railway, [422]
Coffer-dam foundations for bridges, [67]
Commissions to passenger agents, [179]
Competing points and pools, [364]
Concentration of power, [351]
Conducting transportation, [159]
Conductors, freight, trials of, [398]
heroism of, [411]
passenger, [408]
Consolidation, effects of, [351]
tendency to, [346]
Construction companies, [355]
Contractors, railway, work of, [21]
Conveniences at stations, [259]
Cooley, Judge Thomas M., [368]
Cooper, Peter, [104], [231]
Council, proposed railway, [380]
Couplers and brakes, [237]
imperfections of, [140]
uniform automatic, [223]
Coupling cars, accidents from, [223], [392]
Coupon tickets, [254]
misunderstood, [254]
Cox, S. S., [323]
Cranes, large travelling, in locomotive shops, [132]
Crib foundations for bridge piers, [75]
Crises of 1873 and 1885, effects of, [356]
Crossings, accidents at, [408]
protection for, [216]
Cullom, Senator S. M., [368]
Culverts, building of, [22]
log, [25]
masonry, [76]
on American railways, [24], [26]
Curves, American and European railway, [8]
least, [8]
Cutting, largest ever made, [56]
Cylinders, locomotive, construction of, [117]
Darwin, Erasmus, [2]
Davis & Gartner, [106]
Davis, Phineas, [106]
Davis, W. A., [317]
Death and accident provisions for postal clerks, [343]
Delays in a long journey, [267]
Delaware & Hudson Canal Company, [101]
Demurrage charges, [296]
Derailing switches, use of, [207]
Derailments of trains, causes of, [218]
Destructive force of a locomotive at high speed, [187]
Detector-bar for switches, [205]
Differentials, [175]
Dining-cars, introduction of, [243]
Discipline necessary on a railway, [377]
Distribution of cars, [171], [279]
Dividends, average, on railway stock, [443]
Drawbridge accidents, [221]
Driving-wheels, large and small, [128]
Eads, Captain James B., [64], [93]
Eames vacuum brake, [195]
Eccentric, operation of, [118]
Educational institutions for railway employees, [379]
Electric annunciator for signals, [209]
Electric lights for cars, [226]
Electricity applied to brakes, [194]
Elevated Railroad, New York, [97]
Employees, railway, benefit funds, [378]
permanent and temporary, [375]
promotion of, [376]
number of, in the United States, [43], [370]
permanency of service during good behavior, [376]
relations of, to the railway, [357]
representative system for, [380]
rights and privileges of permanent, [376]
to have a voice in management, [379]
wages of, [448]
Engineer, the, as a public benefactor, [46]
civil, qualifications of, [15]
responsibilities and duties of, [98]
Engineering, good, true test of, [60]
Ericsson, John, [2]
Facing and trailing point switches, [219]
Facing-point locks, [205]
Fast freight lines, [287]
Fast mail service, appropriations for, [337]
Fast mail train, trip with, [323]
Fast runs, remarkable instances, [404]
Fast time on railways, conditions of, [128]
Field & Hayes, [34]
Fink, Albert, [365]
Fisk, James, Jr., [353]
Flagging trains, [390]
Foot-guard for frogs, [222]
Foreign cars, theory and practice in their use, [279]
Foster, Rastrick & Company, [102]
Free-pass system, [362]
Freight-car wanderings, [267]
classifications and rates, [176]
conductor and his trials, [398]
department, organization of, [282]
engines, saving fuel on, [402]
empty trains of, [439]
handlers at stations, [423]
movement, accidents in, [293];
cost of delays in, [293]
Freight profits, [440]
rates, reduction of, [358], [438]
traffic, [437];
how handled, [180]
Freight trains, air-brakes for, [200]
transportation, needs of the service, [297]
Fuel, saving, on freight-engines, [402]
Garrett, John W., [351]
Gate-tenders on the railway, [423]
General Freight Agent, [172]
General Manager, duties of, [154]
General Passenger Agent, [172]
Geographical location of railways in the United States, [427]
Goold, James, [139]
Grades, limit of, [8]
Grand Central Station interlocking signals, [208]
Grand River cañon, [54]
Granger movement, [363]
Guard-rails and frogs for bridges, [221]
Hamlin, Hannibal, [323]
Hampson, John, [231]
Harrison, Joseph, Jr., [4]
Hawkesbury River bridge, [32]
Heater-cars, Eastman, [289]
Heating cars, [245]
Highway crossing accidents, [216]
crossing gates, [217]
Holley, Alexander L., [37]
Hoosac Tunnel, [63]
Hospital funds for railway employees, [378]
Hotel-cars, [244]
Howe truss bridges, [27]
Immigrant sleeping-cars, [251]
Inclined planes for overcoming elevations, [58]
Injectors, principle of, [116]
Insurance funds for railway employees, [378]
Interchange of cars, methods of, [272]
Interlocking bolts, uses of, [221]
signals and switches, [204]
Interstate commerce law, [173], [368]
Commerce Commission and its work, [368]
Investigation of accidents, [399]
Investors and managers, relations of, [357]
difficult position of, [354]
Irregular hours of work, [399]
Jameson, John, [317], [323], [342]
Janney car-coupler, [237]
Jervis, John B., [4], [107]
Johnson, R. P., [339]
Judgment, value of, in a locomotive-runner, [407]
Junction-cards and car-reports, [278]
Kentucky River cantilever bridge, [34], [55], [88]
King, Porter, [408]
Kinzua Bridge, [30]
Lachine Bridge, [92]
Latimer, Charles, [221]
Latrobe, Benjamin H., [8]
Layng, J. D., [319]
Legal department of a railway, duties of, [152]
Lighting cars, safe methods, [226]
Lincoln, Abraham, in the first sleeping-car, [240]
Link motion for locomotive valves, [119]
Location, approximate, [15]
final, [18]
how governed, [16]
in old and new countries, [17]
importance of, [15]
Locomotives, ability to climb grades, [8]
American type, origin of, [109]
Baltimore & Ohio "grasshopper," [106]
boiler construction, [115]
cab, what is in it, [131]
capacity to draw loads, [120]
consolidation, [122]
cost of running, [307]
cylinders, how supplied with steam, [117]
decapod, [122]
destructive force of, at high speed, [187]
"DeWitt Clinton," [105]
driving-wheels, how made, [142]
earliest American, [2]
early eight-wheeled, [105]
engineer, the duties and qualifications of, [137];
peculiarities of, [134];
duties and dangers of, [400];
spirit of fraternity of, [408]
English type of, [3]
equalizing levers, [4]
fireman, [422]
first trial of, in America, [103]
fuel, [303];
consumption, [135]
hostler, [422]
how to start and stop, [120]
"John Bull," [106]
Mogul, [122]
number of, in the United States, [148]
Peter Cooper's, [104]
prize offered for, by the Baltimore & Ohio, [105]
pumps and injectors, [116]
"Rocket," [1]
running, systems of, [134];
cost of, [158], [159]
running gear, adjustment of, [114];
flexible, [113]
shops, [132]
size, weight, and price, [126]
speed, law of, [127]
suburban traffic, [124]
ten-wheeled, [122]
trials, Liverpool & Manchester Railway, [2], [3]
truck, invention of, [4], [107]
types of, [109]
valve motion, [118]
London Underground Railway, [97]
"Long and short haul," [173]
Mail service, railway, civil service reform in, [340]
Mail train, fast, [317]
Managers and investors, relations of, [357]
Masonry arch bridges,
[76]
Massachusetts Railroad Commission and traffic questions, [367]
Master Car Builders' Association brake-trials, [200]
type of car-coupler, [223]
Master car-builder's duties, [158]
Master mechanic's work, [157]
Master of transportation, duties of, [159], [171]
Mexican Central Railway, [56]
Mileage balances, reduction of, [273]
Miller coupler and buffer, [237]
Miller, Ezra, [237]
Milling in transit, [175]
Model railway service, [375]
Mohawk & Hudson passenger-cars, [139]
Mont Cenis Tunnel, [63]
Moral standard on the railway, improvement in, [384]
Mount Washington Railway, [58]
Mountain climbing by rack railways, [58]
railways, [49]
National regulation of railways, [367]
Newell, John, [340]
New York Elevated Railways, [97]
Niagara cantilever bridge, [34], [90]
suspension bridge, [81]
Nochistongo cut, [56]
Operating department of a railway, importance of, [373]
Oroya Railway in the Andes, [50], [53]
Outram, Benjamin, [345]
Paper car-wheels, [145]
Passenger advertisement, first, [229]
brakeman, [396]
burned in wrecks, [225]
cars, early, [231];
English and American, [232];
first American, [139];
manufacture of, [252];
Mohawk & Hudson, [139]
conductor, [408]
fares, comparative rates, [265]
profits, [442]
rates and commissions, [17]
tickets, old, [236]
traffic, [442]
trains, first, [228];
early American, [230];
making time on, [403]
travel, [362];
amount of, [264];
safety of, in England and America, [260];
speed of, [249]
Pay-car, trip of the, [309]
Pay, increase of, for faithful service, [378]
Paymaster's work, [308]
Parallel roads, [356]
Pensions for railway employees, [378]
Pennsylvania Railroad shops at Altoona, [132]
maintenance of track, [41]
system, [371]
Permanent service of a railway, [375]
Pile-driver, work of a, [22]
Pile foundations for bridges, [68]
Plant, H. B., [340]
Pneumatic caissons for bridge foundations, [69]
interlocking apparatus, [210]
Pœtsch method of building foundations for bridge piers, [32]
Pooling rates, [184]
Pools and competing points, [364]
railway, origin and nature of, [364]
Pope, Thomas, [33]
Portage Bridge, [78]
Postal cars, [325]
first used, [316]
provision against accident in, [338]
Postal clerks, accidents to, [338]
Postal progress, object lesson in, [312]
Postal service, early history, [313]
Potter, Thomas J., [412]
Poughkeepsie cantilever bridge, [32], [34]
Predecessors of the railway, [101]
Premiums to section-men, [41]
Promotion of employees, [376]
Pullman, George M., [239]
Palace Car Company, [242]
sleeper, first, [241]
Purchasing agent's varied duties and experience, [300]
Rails, development of, [47]
increased weight of, [122]
iron, first used, [1], [37]
joints for, [37]
steel, first introduction, [37]
supply and renewal of, [306]
weight which they will carry, [121]
Railroading fifty years ago, [100]
Railways, American, key to the development of, [3];
rolling stock of, [148];
and English, essential differences, [10]
amount of capital invested in, [344]
and their employees, nature of relations, [374]
and democracy, [45]
and their customers, [358]
beginning of, [345]
building, cost of, [43];
example of rapid, [44];
history of, [445]
competition of, [174];
with canals, [347]
consolidation, [174], [346]
council, proposed, [380]
division of expenses on, [359]
earnings, average net, per mile, [444]
earliest, [1];
in America, [103]
early systems of management, [346]
economic view of, [45]
educational institutions, [379]
employees, permanent and temporary, [375];
general characteristics of, [423];
moral welfare of, [423];
a typical, [383];
wages of, [448]
growth of, [346]
income, sources of, [180]
influence on the world, [149]
mail first carried on, [314]
mail service, growth of, [314];
importance of, [323];
needs of, [341];
organization of, [323];
party injury to, [341]
management, development of, [150];
in Europe, [184];
organization and division of authority, [151];
results expected from, [184];
special departments of, [372];
stability of, [184];
subdivisions of, [372]
men's building in New York, [424]
mileage, comparative, of the principal countries, [425];
of the United States, [426]
national idea developed by, [348]
national regulation, [367]
officers' duties and responsibilities, [151]
organization analyzed, [185];
complex, [183];
growth of, [371]
personnel, importance of, [424]
place in the modern industrial system, [344]
postal clerks' dangers, [337];
just claims, [343];
need of provision against disability, [339];
work, [334]
relations of, to their employees, [357]
shop-men, [423]
State ownership of, [362]
statistics of, [425]
systems, [428]
the largest single industrial interest, [370]
United States, extent of, [43]
"wars" between, [361]
Randall, Samuel J., [323]
Rates and rebates, [173]
causes of reduction, [358]
combinations and adjustments, [176]
forced reductions, [363]
how made and regulated, [176]
inequalities of, [359]
passenger, and commissions, [178]
plans for regulating, [362]
special, wars over, [177]
without a natural standard, [360]
Reagan, John H., [368]
Reconnoissance, [13]
Refrigerator cars, [289]
Representation for railway employees, [380]
Restriction of railways, tendency to, [369]
Ride on a locomotive at night, [188]
Righi Railway, [59]
Road-bed of a railway, how made, [21]
Roadway department of a railway, [154]
Roberts, George B., [340]
Roebling, John A., [82]
Rolling stock, growth of, [448]
Routine of the railway mail service, [325]
Rutter, J. H., [340]
Safety appliances, railway, [191]
devices needed, [423]
St. Gothard Tunnel and spirals, [63]
St. Louis Bridge, [64], [93]
Schneider, C. C., [34]
Scott, Thomas Alexander, [319], [349]
Scrap-heap, value of, [302]
Section-master's duties, [421]
Section-men's work, [156]
Semaphore signals, [203]
Shepard, General D. C., [44]
Signals and switches, interlocking, [168], [204]
automatic block, [215]
block system, [168], [213]
semaphore, [203]
torpedo, [213]
Sleeping-car rates, comparative, [266]
Sleeping-cars, first experiments, [239]
immigrant, [251]
Pullman, [239], [242]
Smith, Colonel C. Shaler, [34], [88]
Snow-sheds and fences, [18]
South American mountain-railways, [50]
South Carolina Railway, [104]
early passenger trains, [231]
Special rates, [177], [361]
Spoils system, how it works in the railway mail service, [342]
Spreading of rails, [220]
State ownership of railways, [362]
State regulation of railways, [362], [363]
Station agent's duties, [411]
Station indicators, [259]
Station, large, work at, [415]
small, work at, [411]
Stationery and blanks, quantity used on a railway, [304]
Statistics, railway, [425]
Steam driver-brake, [192]
how distributed to the cylinders, [117]
shovel, work of, [21]
supply and speed, relations of, [129]
Steel bridges, [29]
Steel rails, first introduction, [37]
Steel truss-bridges, development of, [85]
Stephenson, George, [1], [2], [3], [228], [346]
Robert, [1], [2], [3], [79], [192]
Stock and bonds, relative position, [354]
Storekeeper's duties on a railway, [307]
Stockton & Darlington passenger train, [228]
"Stourbridge Lion," [102]
Strikes, evils of, [374]
Superintendent, duties of, [274]
of machinery, powers and duties, [157]
Supply department, [298]
importance of, [311]
Supplies, aggregate of, on a railway, [299]
variety required for a railway, [301]
Surveying party, life of, [13]
from a rope ladder, [50]
Surveys, preliminary, [13]
Suspension bridges, [81]
Switchbacks and loops, [8];
types of, [9], [10]
Switches, interlocking, [420]
stub, accidents caused by, [218]
Switch-tender's work, [420]
Telegraph in railroading, [238]
Thompson, William B., [317], [322], [342]
Thomson, Frank, [43], [340]
Thomson, J. Edgar, [349]
Through and local freight, [288]
Through lines, growth of, [348]
Tickets, cost of, on a railway, [305]
coupon, [254]
old, [236]
sales and reports, [182]
Ties and timber supplies, [306]
Time, fast, instances of, [404]
making, on passenger trains, [403]
Time-tables, cost of, [305]
earliest American, [235]
how made, [160]
Torpedo signals, [213]
Track, early experiments with, [36], [37]
how laid, [36]
how maintained and kept in order, [38]
inspection on the Pennsylvania Railroad, [41]
laid on stone, [36]
standards of excellence, [41]
Trackmen's duties, [38]
organization and officers, [41]
Track-walker's duties and trials, [422]
Trade centres, advantages of, [360]
Traffic, how influenced and secured, [172]
manager, duties of, [172]
questions and the Massachusetts Railroad Commission, [367]
receipts, how returned and accounted for, [182]
Train despatcher and his work, [163], [422]
Train despatching, [162]
old and new, [187]
Train orders and rules, [164]
Train signals, bell-cord and other, [237]
Train work, irregularity of, [399]
Trainmen, accidents to, [393]
and tramps, [386]
Trains, rules for running, [162]
Tramways, Roman, of stone, [1]
Transfer freight stations, [288]
Transportation, cost of, [43]
conducting, [159]
department and the car-accountant, [275]
Trestles, wooden, [78]
Trevithick, Richard, [2]
Tribunal, proposed, for adjusting differences between railways
and their employees, [376]
Trucks for cars, [7], [108]
for locomotives, [4], [107], [109]
Trunk lines compared, [428]
Trunk-line pool, origin and history, [365]
Truss-bridge, typical American, [86]
Tubular bridges, [80]
Tunnels, [59]
American, [23]
connected by a bridge, [55]
difficulties of construction, [62]
great, [62]
how avoided, [23]
located by triangulation, [53]
Mont Cenis, [63]
St. Gothard, [63]
Underground Railway, London, [97]
Union Pacific Railway system, extent of, [370]
Vacuum-brake, [193], [195]
Vail, Theodore N., [317], [322]
Valleys, how crossed by a railway, [49]
Valve-motion arrangements, [118]
Vanderbilt business methods, [351]
Vanderbilt, Commodore, [318], [340]
Vanderbilt, Cornelius, [350], [424]
Vanderbilt, William H., [318], [340]
Verrugas Viaduct, [55]
Vestibule train, luxury of, [248]
as a safety device, [224]
Viaducts, American metal, [79]
Victoria Bridge, [80]
Waddell, A., [323]
Wagner Palace Car Company, [242]
Wagon cars, [290]
War, the late, effect of, on railway growth, [348]
Washington Bridge over the Harlem River, [77], [94]
Waste and saving in supplies, [302]
Water-jet method of sinking piles, [68]
Watt, James, [1]
Way-bill and its theory, [181]
Westinghouse air-brake, [195], [196]
Westinghouse, George, Jr., [200], [237]
West Point Foundry as a locomotive shop, [104]
Whipple, Squire, [28]
Winans, Ross, [7], [108]
Yardmaster's duties, [283]
Young Men's Christian Association, Railway Department, [424]
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE
Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within the text and consultation of external sources.
Basic fractions are displayed as ½ ¼ ¾; other fraction are shown in the form a/b as 1/117 or 392/10 for example.
A large dense table spanning two pages in the original book ([page 158 and 159]) has been split into 4 parts, with column #1 (engine number) being repeated in each part. The vertical column headings have been replaced by a key, A B etc, with an explanation of the keys at the beginning of each part. Some cell values were unclear in the scanned image and a best guess of the digit has been made.
Another large table at [page 447] has been split into 2 parts.
In several tables with dollar.cent values the decimal point is faint or missing. For consistency the decimal point has been inserted in all cases.
[Footnote #31] had no anchor; this has been added in the chapter title.
Two illustrations and their captions were placed sideways in the original book at pages 87 and 97. These are displayed normally (horizontally) in the etext at [pages 86] and [96].
Nine consecutive full-page illustrations placed after [page 428] have detailed maps and Gantt charts and many have large amounts of text on them. Most of this text, and the Gantt chart information, have been copied and placed under the illustration in a dotted-line box. If the image is clicked, a larger version of the image is shown.
In the organization chart on [page 185], it is very likely that the Train Master and the Station Agents were all intended to report to the Superintendant of Transportation. The missing connecting line has been inserted using a dotted line to indicate this insertion.
Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example, untravelled; sirup; smouldering; box car, box-car; cast iron, cast-iron.
[Pg 42], 'from 1 to 10' replaced by 'from 0 to 10'.
[Pg 114], 'have ournal-boxes' replaced by 'have journal-boxes'.
[Pg 392], 'no one brakeman' replaced by 'not one brakeman'.
[Pg 416], 'fusilade' replaced by 'fusillade'.