INDEX

A
Abensberg, battle of, [440].
Aboukir, battle of, [219–220].
Acre, siege of, [215].
“Act Additional”—amendment to Constitution, 1814, [637–639].
Adige, French defence, [156–167].
Ajaccio—
Birthplace of Napoleon, [17].
[Paoli], see that title.
Reception of Napoleon, 1799, [230–232].
Revolutionary movements, 1789, [49–60].
[See also [Corsica].]
Alexander, Czar of Russia—
Erfurth conference, [428].
Successor of Paul, [291].
Vienna Congress, [620–623].
[See also [Russia].]
Alexandria taken by Napoleon, [203].
Alps crossed, 1800, [280].
Alvinczy, General, defeated by Napoleon, [162–168].
Amiens, Peace of, [293];
ruptured, [312].
Amnesty to political offenders during Consulate, [258].
Ancients, council of, see [Council of Ancients].
André, Abbé d’, rumors as to movements of Napoleon at Elba, [624–625].
Antommarchi, death mask of Napoleon, [388].
Aragon, aid in Corsican struggle for independence, [3], [4].
Arcis on the Aube, battle of, [576].
Army of France—
Creation of new army by Napoleon, 1800, [279–282];
1813, [506].
Destruction in Russia, retreat from Moscow, 1812, [493–499], [504].
Napoleon in—
Commander, [112–114], [126].
Loss of position, name struck from list of generals, [60–64], [104].
Western transfer, order evaded, [94–96], [104].
Reorganization by Napoleon, [264], [636].
Artois, Count of, conspiracy against Napoleon, [317–328].
Aspern, battle of, [442–443], [450].
Aube River crossing, incident, [572].
Aubrey—
Exile, [258], [259].
Napoleon transferred to army of the West, [95], [96].
Auerstädt, battle of, [362], [364].
Augereau, General—
Coup d’état of 18th Brumaire, [245], [251].
Directory supported by, during royalist movement, [182–184], [236].
Italian campaign, [162–164], [168].
Austerlitz, battle of, [347], [349].
Austria—
1793, French booty, bargain with England, [83].
1796, Napoleon’s Italian Campaign, [144–186].
1799–1800, operations in Italy, peace of Lunéville, [224], [279–290].
1805, coalition of powers, defeat at Austerlitz, [339–347], [355–357].
1809, renewal of war, Wagram, etc., [439–449].
1812, ally of France, [476], [477].
1813, rising in Germany, mediation offered, [507–521], [554–556].
1813–15, coalition of powers and fall of Napoleon, [523–648].
1814, Vienna Congress, [620–623].
Secret treaty with Napoleon alleged, [623], [639].
[See also [Charles, Archduke], and [Francis, Emperor].]
Avignon, Girondin revolt, [70], [71].
B
Barras, General—
Character, and misgovernment as Director, [125–128].
Directory, movement against, and fall of, [106], [182], [237–247].
Memoirs of Napoleon, [82].
Bassano, peace treaty, 1814, [571].
“Battle of the Nations,” 1813, [534].
Bautzen, battle of, [510].
Bavaria—
Deserts Napoleon in 1813, [534], [537], [541].
Refusal to enter coalition against France, 1806, [349].
Baylen, capitulation of, [427].
Bayonne, Napoleon at, [419–421].
Beauharnais, Eugène—
Jaffa massacre, [213].
Moscow retreat, [491], [494].
Viceroy of Italy, [336].
Beauharnais, Josephine, see [Josephine].
Beauharnais, Stephanie, dancing anecdote, [32].
Beaulieu, Austrian general, defeated by Napoleon, [144], [154], [155], [159].
Bellerophon, British ship, Napoleon sent to St. Helena, [672], [673].
Bennigsen, Russian general, campaign against Napoleon, [381–383].
Bentinck, Lord, duplicity of, [563].
Beresina, crossed by French troops, 1812, [497–499].
Berg, Grand Duchy of, created, 1806, [351].
Berlin—
Entered by Napoleon, 1806, [366–369].
March abandoned, 1813, [533–534].
Berlin Decree, [369–371], [416].
Bernadotte, General—
Desertion of Napoleon, 1812–14, [475], [526], [538], [566–573].
Italian campaign, [175], [176].
Norway transferred to Swedish dominion, [623].
Policy, 18th Brumaire, [243], [248], [249].
Sweden, Prince-Royal of, 1810, [463–465].
Berthier, General—
Austrian campaign, 1809, mismanagement, [439], [440].
Commander-in-chief of army in Italy, 1800, [280].
Desertion of Napoleon, 1814, [592–594].
Metternich’s interview with Napoleon, 1813, [517].
Bessières, commander of Imperial Guard, [155];
death of, [526].
Blücher, Prussian general—
Germany, rising in, 1813, [509].
Hostilities of 1813, battle of Leipsic, etc., [527], [533], [535].
War of 1814–15, battle of Waterloo, etc., [566–577], [648–671].
Bohemia, Congress of Prague, [521–523], [545].
Bonaparte, Caroline, wife of Murat, Berg, Grand Duchy of, created 1806, [350–351].
Treachery of, [562], [563].
Bonaparte, Charles, father of Napoleon, [19–27], [41].
Bonaparte, Jerome, king of Westphalia, see [Westphalia].
Bonaparte, Joseph—
Italy, crown refused, [336].
Naples, King of, [350], [421].
President of Council of Regency in Paris, betrayal of Napoleon, 1814, [564], [575], [578–579].
Spain, King of, [421].
Complaint of interference of Napoleon, [435].
Driven from throne, [430], [564].
Bonaparte, Letitia R., mother of Napoleon, [19–21].
Absence at coronation, [333].
Life at Elba, [605], [624].
Bonaparte, Louis—
Holland, king of, [350].
Complaint as to interference of Napoleon, [435].
Vacates throne, [462–464].
Maintenance and ingratitude during boyhood, [53], [57].
Bonaparte, Lucien—
Pamphlet issued by, [289].
President of Council of Five Hundred on 18th Brumaire, [235], [252–253].
Refuses bribe offered by Napoleon, [351].
Bonaparte, Napoleon, see [Napoleon].
Bonaparte, Pauline, Life at Elba, [603], [605], [624].
Borodino, battle of, [483].
Bourbon restoration, 1814, [583–586], [598–627].
Bourmont, rise and treason in army of Napoleon, [649].
Bourrienne—
Anecdotes of Napoleon, [27], [218], [220], [235], [242], [255], [283].
Betrayal of Napoleon, [552].
Brienne—
College, unpopularity of Napoleon, [26–33].
Visit to, 1804, [334].
War of 1814, [335], [568].
Brougham, Lord, anecdote of Napoleon, [405].
Brueys, French admiral, defeat by Nelson, [208].
Brumaire, coup d’état of 18th Brumaire, [241–255].
Brunswick, Duke of, wounded at Auerstädt, [364].
Busca, Cardinal, French campaign, [170].
Bussey, schoolmate of Napoleon, [31], [32], [593].
Buttafuoco, Corsican representative in France, Napoleon’s “open letter,” [52], [53], [54].
C
Cadoudal conspiracy, [318–328].
Caffarelli, General, French capture of Malta, [202].
Cairo—
March to, [203].
Retreat, [217–219].
Revolt, war principles of Napoleon, [211].
Cambacérès, consul, opposition to arrest of Duke d’Enghien, [324].
Cambronne, royalist commander, return of Napoleon from Elba, 1814, [630].
Campo Formio, treaty of, [178–187].
Cannes, landing of Napoleon from Elba, 1814, [626], [629].
Carnot, Memoirs of, [646], [668].
Carraccioli, Admiral, murder of, [225], [226].
Carteaux, abandonment of Toulon command to Napoleon, [73–78].
Castlereagh, Lord, Vienna Congress, 1814, [620].
Caulaincourt—
Abdication of Napoleon, [588–589].
Peace negotiations, 1813–14, [570–571].
Cavour, statecraft policy, confession, [374].
Censorship of the Press, 1814, [614].
Ceracchi conspiracy, [288].
Cervoni, Corsican general, Napoleon and Toulon, [75], [76].
Champ de Mai, 1815, [641].
Champ-Aubert, battle of, [569].
Charles, Archduke of Austria—
Austerlitz defeat, treaty of Presburg, [344], [347].
Defeat of Jourdan and Masséna, [224].
Italian campaign, defeated by Napoleon, [162], [175–177].
Opinion of Napoleon, 1814, [6].
Renewal of war, 1809, [439–449].
Charles, Captain Hypolite, and Josephine, [193], [209], [235].
Charles IV. of Spain, abdication, [418–419], [425].
“Charter,” issued and violated by Louis XVIII, 1814, [601], [612–618].
Châtillon Peace Congress, [570].
Chinese massacres, comparison with Jaffa massacre, etc., [215], [218].
Choiseul, French minister, purchase of Corsica, [14], [15], [26].
Church, Concordat of 1801, [302–309], [453].
Church atrocities, Bourbon restoration, 1814, [614–619].
Cisalpine Republic—
Creation of, [195].
Italian Republic formed, [329].
Reorganization, [286].
Coalitions of European powers—
1793, [83], [115–121].
1798, peace of Lunéville, [222–290].
1805, Austerlitz, peace of Presburg, [339–347].
1806, Jena, Treaty of Tilsit, [355–385].
1813, Dresden, etc., [523–582].
Armistice, [511–556].
Desperate position of Napoleon, [525–526], [548–553].
Determination of Allies to crush Napoleon, [554–557].
Support of nation weakened by illegitimacy of Napoleon’s kingdom, [548–549].
1814–15, [635–670].
[See also names of Powers, [England], [Russia], etc.]
Cobentzel, Austrian diplomat, Campo Formio treaty, [184–187].
Cockburn, Sir George, treatment of Napoleon during voyage to St. Helena, [677–678].
Codification of laws—the Code Napoléon, [300–302], [412], [413].
Commercial war, see [Continental system].
Concordat, work of the First Consul, [302–309], [453].
Confederation of the Rhine—
Formation, [350], [352].
Overthrow, [544].
Prussian army against, [364].
Rising in Germany, 1813, [509], [510].
Constant, valet of Napoleon, anecdotes, [390], [400], [456], [457], [458], [466], [468], [488], [507], [526], [531], [534], [538], [561], [565], [575], [594], [596].
Constitution, see [Consulate], [Empire], [Republic], etc.
Consulate—Napoleon as First Consul, [257–271], [280].
Life tenure of consulship, [310].
Peace overtures during, [275–278].
Reforms in the republic, [256–273], [295–302].
Continental system, [369–371], [385], [416].
Holland, aid to Great Britain in violating system, [436].
Tilsit treaty with Russia, violation, [470–478].
Convention, adjournment and new Constitution, [104–112].
Corsica—
[Ajaccio], see that title.
British occupation, failure of French expedition, [92–94].
British withdrawal, 1796, [195].
Description, situation, etc., [1].
Early patriotism of Napoleon, [24–30].
Incorporation with France, organization of governments, 1789, [50], [51].
History of foreign supremacy and struggle for independence, [1–16].
Napoleon’s activity in favor of French Revolution, [49–52].
Napoleon’s ambition to achieve independence of Corsica, [45], [64].
National Guard election, arrest of French commissioner, [58], [59].
[Paoli], see that title.
“Corsican ogre,” name given to Napoleon, [419], [466].
Corunna, battle of, [433].
Council of Ancients, fall of the Directory, 18th Brumaire, [241–251].
Council of Five Hundred—
Directory, fall of, 18th Brumaire, [241–253].
Lucien Bonaparte, deputy and president, [235], [252–253].
Councils, removal of, [236–241].
Craonne, battle of, [575].
Cumberland, Duke of, massacre of Highlanders after Culloden, [214].
Czernischeff, Russian general, spy on French army, 1812, [474].
D
Danube—
Cession of provinces to Russia, 1808, [429].
Crossed by French forces, 1809, [441–446].
War between Russia and Turkey, 1812, [473], [475], [481].
D’Argenteau, Napoleon’s victory of Montenotte, [138–140].
Daru, coalition of 1813, [524–525].
Davidovitch, defeat of, [161–168].
Davoust, French general—
Austrian campaign, 1809, Wagram, [440–448].
Berlin, entry into, 1806, [366].
Campaign of 1814, Napoleon’s error in overlooking Davoust, [648], [657].
Defeat of Prussian forces, [362].
Moscow retreat, [494].
De Barrin—French Revolution, Napoleon’s movements, [49], [50].
Dejean, General, messenger to Joseph Bonaparte, fall of Paris, 1814, [578–579].
Della Rocca, A., G., and R., Corsican struggle, [3], [5].
D’Enghien, Duke, execution of, [322–327].
Denmark, British seizure of fleet, [415–416].
D’Erlon, mistake at Ligny, [652–653].
Des Mazis, aid to Napoleon, [101].
Desaix, death of, [285].
Desgenettes, surgeon of French army in Egypt, [218].
Directory—
Napoleon’s success and power feared, [147], [193], [194].
Misgovernment under Barras and others, [123–125], [135].
Organization of, [112].
Supported by Napoleon during royalist insurrection, [182–184].
Weakness and overthrow of, [236–255], [273].
Djezzar, Napoleon’s campaign in Egypt, [213], [216–217].
Dolgorouki, demands surrender of Italy, etc. from Napoleon, [344].
Doria, S., Corsican struggle, [7].
Dresden—
Battle of, 1813, [527–532].
Conferences, 1812, 1813, [476–479], [516–519].
Dubois de Crancé, warning to Directory against Napoleon, [243], [246].
Dugomier, General, siege of Toulon, [78].
Dumas—reforms by Napoleon, 1814, [636].
Dumont, J., recognition by Napoleon, 1814, [603].
Duroc, General, death of, [526].
Dutch delegation, congratulations on Jena victory, [379–380].
E
Eckmühl, battle of, [440], [441].
Education reform during Consulate, [295], [298].
Egypt—
British conquest, [292].
French invasion, [199–227].
Napoleonic improvements, [207], [411].
Religious observances, [206], [689].
Elba, Napoleon’s exile—
Departure for, [596].
Journey, [601–602];
landing, [605].
Life at, [605–610].
Return of Napoleon, [623–628].
Political position in France, [627].
Reception in France, [623–636].
War with Allies, [635], [639–640].
Terms of Treaty of Fontainebleau, [595], [608].
Elbe, concentration of French forces, 1813, [530], [533].
Elchingen, battle of, [341].
Elster bridge, French retreat, 1813, [538], [540].
Émigrés, release of, [258], [587].
Empire, French—
Dreams of empire, [305].
Napoleon proclaimed Emperor, coronation, [331–333];
anniversary of coronation, [346].
Enghien, Duke d’, execution of, [322–327].
England—
Austerlitz, battle of, consternation at result of, [349].
Coalitions, 1793, [83], [115–121];
1798, [222];
1805, [339];
1813, [523];
1814, [566];
1815, [648].
[Continental system], see that title.
Corsica, occupation of, [92–94];
withdrawal, [195].
Danish fleet seized by, [415–416].
Egypt and Malta taken, [292], [312].
Encouragement to Austria to war against France, [290], [439].
French Invasion of England, 1805, preparations and defeat of Napoleon, [339–340].
Napoleon’s hatred of, [83–85].
[Nelson], see that title.
Newspaper abuse of Napoleon, [314].
Northern confederation against, treaty of Tilsit, [385].
Peace offered by Napoleon, and rejected, [275–277], [339], [430].
Portugal, British defeat of French, [427].
St. Helena, Napoleon as prisoner of war, [672–676].
Vienna Congress, 1814, dispute as to division of territory, [620–623].
War declared, 1804, seizures of French property, [315].
War loans and paper currency, [353].
Waterloo, battle of, [660–667].
[Wellington], see that title.
Enzersdorf, battle of, [446].
Erfurth conference, [428].
Essling, battle of, [442].
Eylau, battle of, [381].
F
Ferdinand of Naples, entry into Rome, 1798, [222], [223].
Ferdinand of Spain—
Disputes with Charles IV, [418–419], [425].
Proclaimed king of Spain, surrender of crown to Napoleon, [418–421].
Release refused, 1813, [558];
granted, 1814, [612], [613].
Financial reforms, [297], [352–354].
First Consul, see [Consulate].
Five Hundred, Council of, see [Council of Five Hundred].
Fleury, Cardinal, Corsican struggle, [12].
Fontainebleau—
Abdication of Napoleon, 1814, [588–594].
Conference with Pope, 1813, [508].
Departure for Elba, 1814, [596].
Napoleon at, 1814, news of fall of Paris, [581], [583].
Fontainebleau, Treaty of, terms and violation of, [595], [606–608].
Fouché—
Betrayal of Napoleon, [553].
Provisional government after Waterloo, [668–670].
Fox, British ministry, 1806, [359], [363].
Francis, Emperor of Austria—
Centre of Austrian loyalty, [549].
Conduct regarding Maria Louisa, [606], [607].
Frankfort proposals, insincerity of, [555–562].
Frederick the Great, tomb of, sash and sword taken by Napoleon, [368], [369].
Frederick, King of Prussia, centre of Prussian loyalty, [548].
French revolution—
Foreign intervention feared, 1791, [56].
Napoleon sides with nation, activity in Corsica, [47–52].
Swiss defence and Westermann attack, Napoleon’s attitude, [61–63].
Valence ceremonies, new oath of allegiance, 1791, [55].
Friedland, battle of, [383].
Fructidor, coup d’état of, [183], [258].
Fulton steamboat invention, [402].
G
Gaffori, Corsican chief, fall of, [13].
Gap, return of Napoleon from Elba, 1814, [630].
Genoa—
Annexation to France, 1804, [338].
Corsican struggle, [2–14].
Disturbances, 1796, [156].
Napoleon’s mission in, 1794, [88].
George IV. of England, Napoleon’s appeal for British protection, 1815, [674].
Georges conspiracy, [318–328], [417].
Germany—
Aid to Corsica, [10].
[Confederation of the Rhine], see that title.
Hatred of French principles by feudal powers, origin of Prussian war, [364].
Redistribution of lands, [329–331].
Rising against France, 1813, [506–522], [543–545].
Giampolo, Corsican independence, [5].
Girondin revolt, [70], [71].
Godoy, Spanish minister, fall of, [417–421].
Gohier, fall of the Directory, [239–247].
Gourgand, General, complaints of neglect, [569].
Government of France—
[Legislative body], see that title.
[Louis XVIII], see that title.
Provisional government, 1815, [667–671].
Reorganizations, [256–273], [636–641].
[See also [Consulate], [Directory], etc.]
Great Britain, see [England].
Great St. Bernard, crossed 1800, [280].
Grenoble, reception of Napoleon in 1814, [630–631].
Grenville, Lord, Napoleon’s peace overtures, [276].
Grossbeeren, battle of, [530].
Grouchy, conduct of, 1814–15, [648–667].
Guadamara mountains, crossed, 1808, [432].
H
Hanau, battle of, [542].
Hanover, ceded to Prussia, 1806, [357], [359], [363].
Hatzfeldt, Prince, treachery of, [367].
Haugwitz, Prussian envoy to Napoleon, [357].
Hautefort, Marquis de—Thellusson ball, [133].
Heilsberg, battle of, [383].
Helvetic republic established, [222].
Hinton, sailor on board the Undaunted, [604–605].
Hobhouse, writings of, [642], [682].
Hoche, General—
Directory, support to, [182].
Italian campaign, [177].
Hohenlinden, Moreau’s victory, [290].
Hohenlohe, Prussian general, defeated at Jena, [361].
Holland, monarchy under Louis Bonaparte, 1806, [350].
Dependency on France, complaint, [435].
Throne vacated, Holland annexed to France, 1810, [462–464].
Honors, distribution of, enthronement of members of Bonaparte family, [350–352].
Hougomont fortress, British defence, 1815, [660].
House of Lords, created 1814, [638–639].
Houssaye incidents of Napoleon, 1815, [653–655].
Hundred Days of Napoleon, 1814, [635], [675], [684].
I
Imperial guard formed, [155].
Inquisition, [173], [612].
Invasion of France, 1813, and fall of Paris, 1814, [557–582].
Inventions ignored by Napoleon, [402].
Italy—
Army, Napoleon in, [86], [103].
Commander-in-chief, [132], [136–138].
Transfer order, evasion of, [94–96].
Campaigns of Napoleon, [87], [138–195], [278–290].
Coalition against French republic, [221–227].
Monarchy under Napoleon, [335–338].
Reforms by Napoleon, [410].
Republic created, [171], [194], [195].
Troops in Paris favorable to Napoleon, 18th Brumaire, [242].
J
Jaffa massacre, [213–215].
Jena, battle of, [361], [403].
Jomini, desertion to allied forces, [525].
Josephine, wife of Napoleon—
Character and infidelity of, [127–134], [191–193], [209–210].
Coronation, [333].
Death of, Napoleon’s visit to Malmaison, [643–644].
Divorce, [130], [455–457].
Fall of Napoleon, attitude of Josephine, [593–594].
First meeting, [109–110].
Italy, Josephine joins Napoleon in 1796, [192].
Marrac, château of, life at, [419–420].
Marriage, [130], [132].
Napoleon’s return from Egypt, [234–235].
Son of Napoleon secretly shown to, [468].
Joubert, defeat of Austrians in Italy, [167], [168].
Jourdan, defeated by Archduke Charles, [224].
Junot—
Anecdotes of Napoleon, [79], [209], [292], [345], [346], [393–395].
Portugal, French invasion, [418], [427].
K
Katzbach, battle of, [530].
Keralio, de, impression of Napoleon, [30], [33].
Kléber, General, assassination in Egypt, [207], [216], [291].
Knights of St. John, capture of Malta by Napoleon, [201–202].
Kremlin of Moscow, Napoleon at, [485–488].
Kulm, battle of, [530], [531].
Kubusoff, Russian general, French retreat from Moscow, [488], [492], [495], [497].
L
Labédoyère, Colonel—
Execution of, [691].
Napoleon’s return from Elba, [631].
La Belle Alliance, British position in, 1815, [658], [666].
Lafayette provisional government, abdication of Napoleon, 1815, [667], [669], [671].
Lafayette, release of, [186].
Lafon conspiracy, [503].
Lainé, opposition to Napoleon, 1813, [559–560].
Landshut, battle of, [440].
Lannes, General—
Death of, at Essling, [443–445].
Hostilities of, 1805, [343–343].
Italian campaign, [170].
Montebello victory, [283].
Laon, battle of, [574], [576].
La Rothière, battle of, [569].
La Vendée, pacification of, [265], [275].
Leclerc, invasion of St. Domingo, [311].
Lefebvre won over to Napoleon’s side against Directory, [246], [247].
Leghorn, seizure of English goods, [158].
Legislative body of France—
Abolition, creation of House of Lords, 1814, [638–639].
Deposition of Napoleon by Senate, 1814, [588].
Opposition to Napoleon, 1813, [560].
Sieyès’ plan of government, 1800, [266].
Leipsic, battle of, [534–541].
Lepelletier Section insurrection, [105], [107].
Ligny, battle of, [651–653].
Limited Monarchy under Louis XVIII, [599], [611].
“Little Corporal”—nickname of Napoleon, [146], [191], [420].
Lodi—victory of Napoleon, [144–146].
Lombardy—
Invasion of, [146], [150].
Italian republic formed, Napoleon as president, [329].
Republic formed, [194].
Lonato, battle of, [190].
Loretto, shrines, [171].
Louis XVIII, king of France—
Called from England to France, 1814, [596], [599].
Consternation at return of Napoleon from Elba, [626–627].
Government of, violations of the “Charter” and departure from France, [600], [601], [612–627].
Limited monarchy, [599], [611].
Louisa, queen of Prussia, activity in war of 1806, [360–366], [384–385].
Louisiana, sale to United States, [316], [317].
Lowe, Sir Hudson, treatment of Napoleon at St. Helena, [679–701].
Lucca, republic of, gift from Napoleon to his sister, [338].
Lunéville, Peace of, [290].
Lützen, battle of, [510].
Lyons, reception of Napoleon, 1799, [232], [286];
1814, [632].
M
Macdonald, Marshal, abdication of Napoleon, [589], [592].
Mack, Austrian general, campaign against French republic, [222].
Madrid, riot, [425]. [See also [Spain].]
Mahometans, Napoleon’s policy in Egypt, [205–207].
Maida, battle of, [349].
Maitland, Captain, Napoleon on board the Bellerophon, [671–677].
Malet conspiracy, [503].
Malmaison—
Anecdotes of Napoleon, [396–399].
Death of Josephine—Napoleon’s visit in 1815, [643–644].
Napoleon at, after Waterloo, [670], [671].
Malta—
British conquest, [292].
Rupture of Peace of Amiens, [312].
Capture by Napoleon, [201–202].
Mamelukes, rulers of Egypt, defeated by Napoleon, [200–205], [216].
Mantua, siege and capitulation, [160–169].
Marbeuf, General, friendship during boyhood of Napoleon, [24], [30].
Marbois, mismanagement of finances, [352–354].
Marbot, General—
Madrid riot, [425].
Memoirs, [232], [233], [278], [347].
Marengo, battle of, [278–287], [404].
Marguerite, peasant at Brienne, visit to, [334].
Maria Louisa, wife of Napoleon—
Character of, [460–461], [468].
Desertion of Napoleon, [606], [611], [642], [690], [696].
Empress Regent in 1814, betrayal of Napoleon, [564], [575].
King of Rome born, 1811, [465–467].
Marriage, [457–460], [472].
Marmont, General—
Leipsic, battle of, [535].
Operations in 1814, [573–578].
Treachery of, [590–591].
Marrac, château of, anecdotes of life at, 1808, [419–420].
Masséna, General—
Austrian campaign, 1809, Wagram, [410–448].
Genoa, siege and evacuation, [279], [282], [283].
Italian campaign, [162], [163], [168], [175], [176].
Melas, defeated at Marengo, [280–286].
Menou, General—
English conquest of Egypt, [291].
Revolt of the Sections, [106].
Méry village, Napoleon at, 1814, [573].
Metternich, Austrian diplomat—
Austrian mediation—policy, and interview with Napoleon, [524], [554–562].
Memoirs, [512–521], [545].
Milan—
Claim on Corsica, [4].
French occupation of, [151–153].
Josephine joins Napoleon, 1796, [192].
Napoleon crowned King of Italy, [336].
Milan Decree, [416].
Military of France, see [Army].
Miot de Melito—designs of Napoleon, [181], [182].
Modena, union with papal legations and Cisalpine, [195].
Modena, Duke of, peace terms offered to Napoleon, [151], [152], [182].
Monarchy, French—
[Empire], see that title.
Limited monarchy under Louis XVIII, [599], [611].
Montebello, Lannes’s victory, [283].
Montenotte victory, [139–140].
Montmirail, battle of, [570].
Mont St. Jean, battle of, [657].
Moore, Sir J., retreat and death at Corunna, [432], [433].
Moreau, General—
Conspiracy against Napoleon, [319–328].
Coup d’état of 18th Brumaire, [243].
Death of, [532].
Defeated by Archduke Charles, [161], [162].
Desertion of Napoleon, [525–532].
Pichegru’s arrest by Augereau, captured despatches, [183].
Soissons surrender, [563].
War with Austria, Hohenlinden victory, [279], [290].
Moscow—
Fire, [486].
Retreat of French army, [482–499], [504].
Moulins, fall of Directory, 18th Brumaire, [239–247].
Muiron, saves life of Napoleon, [164].
Murad Bey, Mameluke chief, defeat of, [204].
Murat, General—
Bourbon restoration, 1814, [624].
Cavalry leader, qualities as, [155], [640].
Desertion and betrayal of Napoleon, [507], [541], [562], [563].
Discontent of, desire to become king, [426], [437], [461].
Dresden, battle of, 1813, [529].
Execution of, [691].
Eylau, battle of, [381].
Grand Duchy of Berg created, 1806, [351].
Italian colors conveyed to France, 1796, [144], [147].
Italian independence proclaimed by, failure of, [639–640].
Madrid riot, [425].
Moscow, advance and retreat, [483–499].
Naples, king of, [437].
Russians, defeat of, 1805, [343–345].
Spain, campaign in, 1808, [419], [421].
Turkish commander Mustapha, defeat of, [219].
Warsaw gayeties, [375–380].
Mustapha defeated by Murat, [219].
N
Naples—
Joseph Bonaparte as King of, [350].
Murat succeeds Joseph as King, [437].
Napoleon’s policy in 1796, [157].
Parthenopean republic proclaimed, [223].
Napoleon—
Abdication, [589–594], [669–670].
[Ajaccio], see that title.
[Army of France], see that title.
Arrest, overthrow of Robespierre, 1794, [89–91].
Birth and parentage, [17–22].
Birth of King of Rome, [465–467].
Boyhood, anecdotes of, [22–42].
[Brienne], see that title.
Campaigns, see names of countries, [Italy], [Egypt], etc.
[Coalitions], see that title.
Comparison with rulers, etc., of same period, [289], [423], [430], [654].
[Consulate], see that title.
Coronation, [331–333];
anniversary of, [346].
[Corsica], see that title.
Death, [696–697].
Deserted and betrayed, [587], [590–595].
[Directory], see that title.
Education, [22–38].
[Elba], see that title.
[Empire], see that title.
[England], see that title.
Europe, Napoleon’s relations with, conditions existing at commencement of career, [121], [122].
European monarchs, antagonism of, [355–358].
Exhaustion, [653–656], [666], [669–670], [675].
Family affairs [41], [65], [70], [87].
[French Revolution], see that title.
Funeral at St. Helena, 1821, [697–698];
Paris ceremonies, 1840, [700–703].
[Germany], see that title.
Habits and characteristics, [196–199], [294–295], [389–411], [683–694].
High-water mark of power, [412].
Honors, distribution, [350].
Hundred days, [635], [675], [684].
Hunting, [507].
Illness, [530], [531], [694–696].
Immortality, [18], [690–704].
[Italy], see that title.
Jacobin denunciation of Napoleon, [86].
[Josephine], see that title.
[Maria Louisa], see that title.
Marriage with Josephine, [130–132], [198];
divorce, [455–457].
Marriage with Maria Louisa, [457–460], [472].
[Paoli], see that title.
[Paris], see that title.
Personal appearance, 1785, [39], [40];
1795, [100];
1807, [386–388];
1814, [644–646].
Plots against life of Napoleon, [197], [288–289], [317–328], [451].
Poverty and economy, [53], [54], [61].
[Prussia], see that title.
Religious views at St. Helena, [687–690].
[Republic], see that title.
Results of victories of Napoleon, [413].
[Russia], see that title.
[St. Helena], see that title.
[Spain], see that title.
Studies and writings, [34–45], [53], [54], [65], [67], [72].
Succession, speculations as to, [451].
[Turkey], see that title.
[Valence], see that title.
Will, [696–697].
[See also names of countries, and political events.]
Napoleon, son of Hortense and Louis Bonaparte, death of, [452], [463].
Napoleon II, see [Rome, king of].
Narbonne, Count, French invasion of Russia, 1812, [478].
Neipperg and Maria Louisa, [606], [643], [690].
Nelson, Lord—
Death at Trafalgar, [342].
Hatred of the French, [84].
Italy, murder of Carraccioli, [226].
Napoleon’s Egyptian expedition, battle of the Nile, etc., [201], [208].
Neuhoff, T. de, King of Corsica, [11–13].
Ney, General—
Abdication of Napoleon, [589–590].
Dresden, battle of, [529].
Campaign of 1814–15, battle of Waterloo, etc., [649], [651–669].
Elchingen, battle of, [343].
Execution of, [691].
Germany, rising in, 1813, [510].
Marshal, [332].
Moscow retreat, [495], [496].
Return of Napoleon from Elba, [627], [632], [633].
Russian campaign, 1807, [381], [383].
Niemen—
Interview with Czar of Russia, 1807, [383].
Passage across, 1812, [479], [481].
Nile, battle of, [208].
Norway, transference to Swedish rule, [623].
O
Oldenburg taken by Napoleon, [472].
Orezzo, Corsican general assembly, [51], [52].
Oudinot, Marshal, Memoirs, Erfurth conference, [428].
P
Paoli, Corsican general—
British protectorate plan for Corsica, [92].
First meeting with Napoleon, [52].
Independence struggle, [12–16].
Quarrel and struggle with Napoleon, [60–68], [198].
Return to Corsica, 1790, after exile, [51].
“Parallel between Cæsar, Cromwell, Monk, and Bonaparte,” pamphlet, [289].
Paris—
Bourbon restoration, 1814, [583–586].
Coronation of Napoleon, [333].
Exile of Napoleon from Corsica, [61–63].
Fall of, 1814, [576–581].
Farewell of Napoleon to National Guard, 1814, [564].
Funeral of Napoleon, 1840, [700–703].
Military school, Napoleon at, [33–35].
Reception of Napoleon, 1800, [287];
return from Elba, [633].
Return of Napoleon from Russia, 1812, [499–500], [504].
Parma, Duke of, contribution to Napoleon, [146], [147].
Parthenopean republic proclaimed, [223].
Pasquier records, [560], [565].
Peninsular war, [417–434].
Permon family, early intimacy with Napoleon, [33–36], [64], [98–100], [113], [337], [406].
Phélippeaux, aid to Turks against Napoleon, [212].
Pichegru—
Banishment of, [183], [258].
Brienne college, [30].
Conspiracy against Napoleon, [318–328].
Suicide of, [328].
Piedmont, invasion of, [87], [138–143], [146], [150].
Pisa, war with Genoa over Corsica, [2].
Pitt, W.—
Administration and policy, [116], [117].
Death of, [359].
Plague among troops in Egypt, [217], [218].
Pleiswitz, armistice of, [511], [545], [554].
Poland—
Aid to Napoleon in Spain, etc., [374–377], [431].
Independence, Napoleon’s policy, [372–377], [473], [480–481].
Napoleon at Warsaw, [372–381].
Princess Potocka, memoirs, [375–380].
Russian possession—Vienna Congress, 1814, [622], [623].
[Walewski, Mme.], see that title.
Pope—
Concordat sanctioned, [302–309].
Coronation of Napoleon, [333].
Loosed from Fontainebleau, 1814, [613].
Quarrel with Napoleon, [337], [453–455];
reconciliation, [508–509].
Temporal power abolished, [222], [453], [454], [558].
Terms with Napoleon, 1796, violation, [157–173].
Portugal—
English invasion, 1808, defeat of the French, [427].
French invasion, 1808, [417–418].
Pouzet, General, death of, [444–445].
Pozzo di Borgo—
British occupation of Corsica, [92], [93].
Enmity to Napoleon, [58–60].
Prague, Congress of, [521–523], [545].
Presburg, treaty of, [347].
Press censorship, 1814, [614].
Provera, Austrian general—Italian defeat, [167–169].
Prussia—
Ally of France in war of 1812, [476].
Berlin entered by Napoleon, 1806, [366–369].
Hanover ceded to, [357], [359], [363].
Neutrality of, 1799, [277].
Policy denounced, [363].
Reorganization, [413].
Tilsit, Treaty of, [384].
Vienna Congress, 1814, dispute as to division of territory, [620–623].
War threatened, 1804, [357].
War with Napoleon, 1806, overthrow of Prussian monarchy, battle of Jena, [359–366], [403].
War of 1814–15, battle of Waterloo, etc., [566], [648–671].
Pultusk, battle of, [378], [383].
Pyramids, battle of, [204–205].
Q
Quasdanovitch, Austrian general, defeat of, [160].
Quatre-Bras, battle of, [650–654].
R
Rampon, Napoleon’s victory of Montenotte, [139–140].
Rastadt, Congress of, [330].
Ratisbonne, battle of, [440], [451].
Red sea incident, [207].
Reichenbach, treaty of, [516].
Republic of France—
[Consulate], [Directory], etc., see those titles.
European leagues to restore Old Order in France, [115–121].
First organized, 13th Vendémiaire, [107].
Reorganization, [256–273], [295–302].
Rheims, battle of, [574].
Rhine, see [Confederation of the Rhine].
Robespierre, Napoleon denounced as friend of, [71], [89], [90].
Rocca, see [Della Rocca].
Roman Catholic Church, see [Church].
Rome—
Neapolitan army in, [222–223].
[Pope], see that title.
Republic, [221–224].
Rome, King of, Napoleon’s son—
Abdication of Napoleon in favor of, [589–592].
Austrian treatment of, palace of Schönbrunn, [611].
Birth of, [465–467].
Message to Napoleon at Elba, [643].
Terms of treaty of Fontainebleau violated by Allies, [606–607].
Rose, J. H., Napoleon’s seizures of British ships, [316].
Ruffo, attack on republicans of Naples, treaty of peace, [225–226].
Russia—
[Alexander], see that title.
Alliance to Prussia, [358], [429].
Bourbon restoration in France, 1814, [583–586].
Coalitions, 1799, [224];
1805, [339–348];
1813, [525–541];
1814–15, [566–648].
Continental system opposed, [470–478].
Erfurth conference, [428].
French invasion, Moscow, etc., 1812, [470–504].
Lukewarm support to Napoleon in war of 1809, [441], [472].
Rising in Germany against France, 1813, [507–514].
Tilsit, Treaty of, 1807, [383–385], [470–478].
Vienna Congress, 1814, dispute as to division of territories, [620–623].
War with Turkey on the Danube, [473], [475], [481].
S
St. Cloud, coup d’état of 18th Brumaire, [241–255].
St. Cyr, Dresden defence and Leipsic defeat, 1813, [527], [535].
Saint-Denis school, visit to, [561].
St. Dizier, battle of, [568], [577].
St. Domingo, negro revolt, failure of French expedition, [310].
St. Helena, Napoleon’s exile—
British deception, [672–676].
Death and funeral of Napoleon, [696–698].
Farewell of Napoleon at Malmaison, [671].
Life at St. Helena, [679–699].
Negotiations for removal of Napoleon from Elba, 1814, [607], [608].
St. Jean, battle of, [657].
St. Jean d’Acre, siege of, [215].
Salamanca, battle of, [522].
Salicetti, intimacy with Napoleon, [71], [77], [87], [89], [91], [93], [98], [99].
Sambuccio, Corsican leader, organization of village confederation, [2].
Sampiero, Corsican leader, [5–8], [692].
San Marino, rights of, respected by Napoleon, [173].
Sardinia, French invasion of, [66], [138–143].
Saxony—
Desertion to enemies of Napoleon, 1813, [537].
Prussian possession, Vienna Congress, 1814, [622], [623].
Saxony, Queen of, reproaches Metternich for deserting Napoleon, [546].
Schérer, in command of army of Italy, succeeded by Napoleon, [135], [136].
Schwarzenberg, Austrian Prince—
Dresden hostilities, 1813, [527], [529], [534], [536].
Invasion of France, 1814, [566–577].
Paris fête in honor of Napoleon and Maria Louisa, [460].
Scotchman’s story of Napoleon at Elba, [608–610].
Sébastiani, General—
Military situation, 1813, [524].
Turkey refuses to join coalition against France, [415].
Sections, revolt and disarmament, [105–109].
Ségur—
Memoirs of Napoleon, [341].
Wounded in Spain, [431].
Seine overflow, Napoleon’s embankment, [410].
Sémonville, French commissioner,—
Napoleon’s defence of France in Corsica, [68].
Senate, French—
Deposition of Napoleon, 1814, [588].
Sieyès’ plan of government, 1800, [266].
Sérurier, Italian campaign, [169], [170].
Sheridan, R. B., speech in British House of Commons, [614].
Sieyès’ new constitution after overthrow of Directory, [237–253], [265–270].
Smolensk, advance on, [482].
Smith, Sir S., aid to Arabs against Napoleon, [212], [215], [220].
Social conditions in France—
Reform of, [295].
Thellusson ball, [132–134].
Soissons surrender—treachery of Moreau, [573].
Sommo Sierra mountain pass, blockade by Spanish bands, [431].
Spain—
Alliance with France violated, 1807, [417].
[Bonaparte, Joseph], see that title.
[Ferdinand], see that title.
French invasion, 1807–8, [419–434].
Crown surrendered to Napoleon, [419–424].
Progress of the war, neglect of Napoleon, [452], [455].
Unpopularity of the war in France, [437].
Improvements by Napoleon, [410].
Internal disputes, Godoy and Ferdinand, [418–421].
Madrid, riot, [425].
Reorganization of government by Napoleon, complaint of Joseph Bonaparte, 1809, [435].
Staël, Mme. de, banishment of, [399], [408], [414]
“Supper of Beaucaire,” pamphlet by Napoleon, [65], [72].
Suwarow, Russian general, victories in Italy, [224].
Sweden—
[Bernadotte], see that title.
Coalition of 1805 against France, [339].
Switzerland, Helvetic republic proclaimed, [222].
Syria, invasion of, [213].
T
Talleyrand, French diplomat—
Betrayal of Napoleon and conspiracy against, [437–439], [552], [579].
Bourbon restoration, abdication of Napoleon, 1814, [583–588].
Death of, [688].
Execution of Duke d’Enghien, [324–327].
Germany, reorganization, [330].
Turkish mission proposal, [200].
Vienna Congress, 1814, [620–623].
Warsaw gayeties, [377].
Tallien, Mme., character of, [127], [128], [130], [134].
Tariff, see [Continental system].
Taxation reforms during Consulate, [261–262], [271].
Thames embankment, Napoleon’s suggestion, [410].
Thellusson ball, society conditions, [132–134].
Theodore, King of Corsica, [11–13].
Theosophy, sect, [260].
Thiébault, Memoirs of, [108], [110], [434], [645].
Tilsit, Treaty of, 1807, [383–385].
Continental system supported by Russia, [385];
violation, [470–478].
Tolentino, treaty of, 1797, [173].
Toulon, siege of, military genius of Napoleon, [72–83].
Toussaint L’Ouverture—
Revolt of St. Domingo against France, [311].
Treatment of, by Napoleon, [408].
Trafalgar, battle of, [342].
Transpadane republic established, [194].
Turkey—
Coalition, refusal to join in, 1807, [415].
Defeated by Napoleon in Egypt, [212–220].
Invasion of Corsica, [6].
Military system reorganized, [103], [104].
War with Russia on the Danube, [473], [475], [481].
Turreau, wife of, battle incident, [92].
Tyrolese revolt, [450].
U
Ulm campaign, [341].
Undaunted, British ship, conveyance of Napoleon to Elba, [601], [604–605].
United States, sale of Louisiana to, [316], [317].
Ushant, Napoleon’s last sight of France, [678], [679].
V
Valeggio, narrow escape of Napoleon from Austrians, [154].
Valence—
Napoleon joins regiment of La Fère, social life, etc., [35].
National oath ceremonies, 1791, [55].
Reception of Napoleon, 1799, [233].
Valette, General, troops condemned by Napoleon, [189].
Valladolid, Napoleon’s ride to Bayonne, 1809, [433], [434].
Vandamme, defeated at Kulm, [530], [531].
Vannina, wife of Sampiero, [6], [7].
Vaubois, defeat of, [162], [166].
Vendémiaire [13th] Napoleon acting chief in, [107].
Venice, Napoleon’s policy, disturbances in Venetia, [155], [156], [178–180].
Victor, General, captured by Prussians, [379].
Vienna—
Fall of, 1809, [441].
Marriage of Napoleon and Maria Louisa by proxy, 1810, [458].
Vienna Congress, [620–626].
Consternation at return of Napoleon from Elba, [626], [639].
Dispute between four powers, [620–623].
Vienna, Treaty of, [357], [472].
Villeneuve, Admiral, failure of expedition to England, [340].
Vimeiro, battle of, [427].
Vincentello, Corsican struggle, [3], [4].
Vitebsk, delay at, war of 1812, [481], [482].
Vittolo, Corsican struggle, [8].
Vittoria, battle of, [430], [522].
W
Wagram, battle of, [447–448].
Walewski, Mme., favorite of Napoleon, [378–383].
Visit to Napoleon at Fontainebleau, 1814, [594].
Warsaw—
Grand Duchy of, [374], [472], [480].
Napoleon at, 1806–7, [372–381].
Waterloo, battle of, [660–667].
Regrets at St. Helena, [634–685].
Wellington, Duke of—
Canova’s statue of Napoleon, anecdote, [368].
Invasion of France, 1814, [566].
Napoleon’s hatred of, [685].
Vimeiro, battle of, [427].
Waterloo, battle of, Blücher’s coöperation in war of 1814–15, [648–671].
Westphalia, monarchy under Jerome Bonaparte, [351], [384].
Napoleon’s policy and advice to Jerome, [412], [413].
Old Order restored, 1814, [612], [613].
Whitworth, Lord, British ambassador to Paris, 1804, [313].
Wilna, delay at—French invasion of Russia, 1812, [481].
Wolseley, Lord, opinion of Napoleon, [411].
Wurmser, Austrian general, defeated by Napoleon, [159–169].