BOUNDARY STONES.
The use of stones erect, for marking boundaries, must be very ancient; perhaps, indeed, this was one of the earliest purposes to which such rude monuments were applied. An interesting notice of this custom is given in the “Iliad,” where Homer, speaking of the great stone thrown by Minerva at Mars, says, as King renders the passage, that “she retreating, seized in her strong hand a stone lying in the field—black, rough, and vast—which men in former times had placed as a boundary of cultivated land.” How long and how effectually this custom existed, Olaus Magnaus, archbishop of Upsal and metropolitan of Sweden, speaking of his own parts, about the middle of the seventeenth century, bears testimony with justifiable pride:—“There are also high stones, by the aspect and signature whereof the ancient possessions of provinces, governments, forts, communities of noble and country men, are suffered to continue to every man in peace, without laws, suits, or arbitration, giving an example to other nations, that among these nations there is more right to be found in these stones that are boundaries than elsewhere in the large volumes of laws, where men think themselves to be more learned and civil.”
Stringent laws were given by Moses to the Jewish nation in reference to these boundary marks. “Thou shalt not remove thy neighbour’s landmark, which they of old time have set in thine inheritance.” (Deut. xix. 14.) “Remove not the ancient landmark which thy fathers have set.” (Prov. xxii. 28.) Job complained that some in his day removed the landmarks (chap, xxiv. ver. 2). Every one will remember the fearful denunciation in the book of Deuteronomy,—“Cursed be he that removeth his neighbour’s landmark. And all the people shall say, Amen,” (chap, xxvii. ver. 17). In Hosea we have the following strong language, which shews in what light Jehovah viewed this sin:—“The princes of Judah were like them that remove the bound: therefore will I pour out my wrath upon them like water,” (chap. v. ver. 10).
The “maen terfyn,” i.e., the boundary stone of the Ancient Britons, is considered to be very common in this Island, the removal of which was punishable with death. Maen terfyn was not to be removed, according to the laws of Dyvnwal Moelmud, under pain of death:—“There are three stones, which if any man remove, he shall be indicted as a thief: the boundary stone; maen gwyn (sacred stone), of the convention, and the guide stone; and he that destroys them shall forfeit his life (or be guilty of capital offence).” In reference to this stone another triad remarks:—“It is ordered and established, for the purpose of preventing the uncertainty of a claim, that the Bards shall keep an orderly record of pedigrees, nobility, and inheritances. For the same purpose also is the memorial of the back-fire stones, the maen terfyn (boundary stone), and the horse-block, that he that removes them offers an insult to the Court and the Judges.” These passages will forcibly remind our readers of the penalty in the law of Moses above quoted. Whenever we hear of ancestral domains terminating here and there at some particular stones of notoriety, as is frequently the case, we may fairly presume that such stones are some of the old meini terfyn (boundary stones) of the Welsh laws.
On the right hand of the road, in a corner of the field before you reach Plas farm, is a stone measuring 4 feet high, by 5 wide, and about 12 feet in circumference. I consider this stone a perfect relic of what our ancestors denominated maen terfyn, or the boundary stone.
And now, courteous reader, farewell! may you enjoy your visit to this interesting locality: but it is high time that the writer of these pages fixed his boundary mark.—Finis.
ERRATUM.
Omitted in the list of Agents, page [15],—Chester and Holyhead Steam Packet Office.—Superintendent—Capt. Hirst. [71]
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THOMAS ROBERTS,
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The above Rooms are pleasantly situated at the West end of the celebrated Britannia Park, in full view of the Great Tubular Bridge, and two minutes’ walk from the Railway Station. Parties desirous of viewing the beauties of the Menai Straits, the romantic appearance of the Snowdonian range, and the wonderful works of art in the neighbourhood, may at these Rooms obtain every accommodation at reasonable charges.
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HOLLOWAY’S PILLS.
A DANGEROUS LIVER COMPLAINT AND SPASMS IN THE STOMACH EFFECTUALLY CURED.
Copy of a Letter from Mr. Bostock, Druggist, of Ashton under Lyne, dated July 31, 1852.
To Professor Holloway,
Dear Sir,—I have much pleasure in handing to you a testimonial of the efficiency of your Medicines. A person in this neighbourhood with whom I am well acquainted was afflicted for a long time with violent spasmodic pains in the stomach and liver, arising from frequent colds, smells of paint, and the effects of a stooping position which he was obliged to assume in his business. The spasms were of an alarming character, and frequently left him in a weak and debilitated condition. At length he heard of the salutary effects of your invaluable Pills, and was induced to give them a trial. The first dose gave him considerable relief, and by following them up in accordance with your directions, they have acted so wonderfully in cleansing the liver and stomach, and strengthening the digestive organs that he has been restored to the enjoyment of good health.
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(Signed) WILLIAM BOSTOCK.
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Extract of a letter from B. Travers, F.R.S., Surgeon Extraordinary to the Queen, Surgeon in Ordinary to H.R.H. Prince Albert, &c., &c.
“Sir,—The Combination of the Ingredients of the PILLS is so familiar to medical men, that I can scarcely think their efficacy a matter of question.
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A Copy of Certificate from R. Williams, Esq., M.R.C.S., and L.S.A., Tre’ Madoc.
“I beg to testify that I consider Jones’s Aperient and Antibilious Pills a very good Aperient. I have frequently recommended them, and am happy to bear testimony to their efficacy as a valuable Purgative, and their safety of administration.
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OUT OF THE THOUSANDS OF TESTIMONIALS READ THE FOLLOWING:—
Extract of a letter from Griffith Roberts, sailor, No. 4, Derby-street, Liverpool.
Sir,—I cannot think myself doing my duty towards my brother seamen, without relating to you (and trust that you will inform the public) the following facts:—I was always taken ill when sailing abroad. I used to be attacked with great pain in my stomach and bowels: but last time I went to sea I took a lot of your Cambrian Pills with me, and to the astonishment of all on board I enjoyed perfect health during my voyage to Calcutta and back, while all the other hands were suffering dreadful illness.
Your humble Servant,
GRIFFITH ROBERTS.
EXTRAORDINARY CURE OF FITS AND WORMS.
Newry-street, Holyhead, Dec. 11, 1852.
To the Proprietor of the Cambrian Pills.
Sir,—Allow me to address you on a very important subject, that of my former illness and wonderful recovery, the details of which I wish to the whole world may be made known:—For the last fifteen years I have been troubled with great pain in my stomach and intestines, sour belchings, flatulence, pain in the head, lowness of spirits with general emancipation of body, and frequent fits attacked me of late, I used to throw my meals up as soon as eaten. Having consulted many Doctors, and tried all remedies in reach to no purpose, until one day I was recommended to try a Box of the Tremadoc Pills. Having continued to take them for some time, I felt much better; after taking a dose of Pills in going to bed one night, I felt towards morning a rumbling noise and a queer sensation in the intestines, I got up and took another dose, and wonderful to relate, in a few hours, I parted with a Worm measuring nearly 12 feet!! and ever since I am a healthy man; this occured about three months from this date.
I remain yours obediently,
DAVID HUGHES, Provision Dealer.
Witness, Lewis Hughes.
*** All these parties may be applied to for the correctness of their Testimonies. And for further confirmation of the extraordinary virtues of this valuable medicine, apply to any of the Agents, who can point out instances, in their own immediate neighbourhoods, of its beneficial effects.
Caution.—The high repute and extensive sale of these Pills throughout the kingdom have induced some unprincipled persons to imitate them, therefore purchasers should observe the following particulars.—That the genuine Pills are in a turned wood Box, wrapped up in Green Paper, sealed with the Proprietor’s Seal, and bearing the Signature of “Robert Isaac Jones,” on the Government Stamp.
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British College of Health, New Road, London.
CURE OF FISTULA, AND OTHER COMPLAINTS, WITHOUT
CUTTING, BY MORISON’S PILLS.
To Messrs. Morison.
January 12th, 1853.
Gentlemen,—I feel great pleasure in making a public acknowledgment of the good I have received from your valuable medicines. I have been afflicted from childhood with severe attacks of bilious complaint, every five or six weeks; I have suffered dreadfully from spasms, scarce ever free from them little or much: I have suffered from bad legs for these last twenty years. I have dreaded the approach of winter, for they would be then covered with scaly bleeding running sores from the knees to the ankles: I have been afflicted for these last ten years with rheumatism with repeated attacks of lumbago; I have been troubled from a child with great quantities of worms, and for these last five years I have suffered from a fistula, which gradually increasing, caused great pain and lowness of spirits, so I continued up to September 1851; when my afflictions increased—I was seized with severe griping pains in the bowels, for which by taking large doses of medicines and drugs, would relieve me for a few days, then they would return more violent. Worms made their way through the wound of the fistula in abundance. Four months I endured dreadful pains in the chest. I felt as if I were bound round with an iron bar. I felt dreadful pains across the back and shoulders, my neck became stiff, my eyes bloodshot; there appeared a heavy weight on my head, with a hissing noise like a steam engine, my arms seemed filled with streams of boiling water; I had every advice within my reach. I had blisters and mustard plasters to my chest in abundance; I had Doctors and medicines of every description, but all to no use, I gave myself up for lost; the last doctor told me my liver was dreadfully affected, and if I did not take care, I would have the yellow jaundice, and that the wound proceeded from the liver; he did me no good, there was no hope but the hospital, but I dreaded the knife. A friend at last persuaded me to try Morison’s Pills, but I was so prejudiced against them, I ridiculed the very idea, but try them I did, glad to catch at any thing, and thank God I did; they made me very bad at first, but I persevered, beginning with five of No. 2, increasing one each night up to nine. I found relief, they stopped the violence of the fistula, they relieved the pains in my chest, and brought from me frightful quantities of worms. I then bought some No. 1’s of Mr. Lofts, No. 1, Park-place, Mile End-road, and took them alternately, increasing the doses up to 12, and they were the cause of my passing five pieces of thick skinny substance, the size of the palms of the hand. I commenced taking the pills January 1852. In May the lumbago attacked me violently, in June my legs broke out worse; I increased the doses 16 each night, they soon got well, but there was a pain under the ribs of the right side—something appeared to be gathering there, it got bigger and heavier, till it appeared to be as big as a pint bason. I decreased the doses to 18, it got worse; I increased the noses to 20, my whole back seemed inflamed, in three hours after, I took 10 more, something gave a sudden snap, I was sick for the first time since the commencement, upwards and downwards came from me several pints of slime, blood, and corruption, &c.—the pills had done their work, and I was healed; since that time I have had a few flying pains. I have gradually decreased the doses down to the present time. I am restored to health and strength. I feel 10 years younger, and I thank the Almighty God in putting within my reach your most valuable medicines; since I began to take your pills, I have been exposed to all weathers, working in a market garden, and I have been laid up for illness but one day through the whole time.
I remain yours most gratefully,
14, Devons-road, Bromley, Middlesex.
Geo. Holden, aged 45.
Caution.—Notice is hereby given, that no Chemist or Druggist is authorized to sell Morison’s Medicines. They are only to be had of the appointed Agents, (who are all practical Hygeists) one of whom may be found in every principal town in the United Kingdom, and in almost every part of the world. See that the words “MORISON’S UNIVERSAL MEDICINES” are engraved in the Government Stamp, in white letters upon a red ground, without which none can be genuine.
Agents for the Sale of Morison’s Pills. Wales (North.)
Bangor: Mr. W. Shone, Stationer; Barmouth: Mr. Ellis Jones, Grocer; Brynmaur: Mr. D. Stephens; Buckley Mountain: Mr. Thos. Lockwood; Carnarvon: Mrs. Jones; Hawarden: P. Jones; Llanidloes: R. Brown, Grocer; Llangollen: Mr. E. Jones, Grocer; Newtown: Mr. D. Thomas, Stationer; Towyn: Mr. Hugh Lloyd, Grocer; Welshpool: Mr. D. Morgan do.; Wrexham: Mr. T. Paynter, Stationer.
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