CONTENTS
| PAGE | |
| Preface | [v] |
| CHAPTER I. | |
| Clarendon’s History and the Duchess’s biography—Pepys—Family history—A wonderful grandmother—Boyhood—Hobbes—Wotten—The Court of Savoy—Said to have been disliked by Buckingham—Marriage | [1] |
| CHAPTER II. | |
| Raised to the peerage—Purchases of peerages—Correspondence with Buckingham—Cousin Pierrepont—Created Earl of Newcastle—Money-squeezing—Newcastle’s rent-roll—Letters among the Portland MSS. | [12] |
| CHAPTER III. | |
| Personality of Newcastle—Charles I goes to Scotland—Dinner to the King at Welbeck—Wentworth made Lord Deputy in Ireland—Correspondence about the post of Governor to the Prince of Wales—The King stays at Welbeck—Newcastle discouraged in London—Letters to his wife | [22] |
| CHAPTER IV. | |
| Appointed Governor to the Prince of Wales—His pupil will not take his medicine—Advice of the Governor to the pupil—Resigns the Governorship—Sir Walter Scott on the Prince’s Governors—Hampden, Prynne and others—Expedition against the Scots—Newcastle’s troop of gentlemen—Quarrel with Lord Holland—Letter from Sir John Suckling | [34] |
| CHAPTER V. | |
| Fears of civil war—The Short Parliament—Awkward position of Strafford—Conway—The King goes to York—The Long Parliament—Executions of Strafford and Laud—The Queen—Suckling’s plot—Threatened impeachment of the Queen—The five members—The King leaves London—Charles appoints Newcastle Governor of Hull—The Parliament appoints Sir John Hotham Governor of Hull—Newcastle summoned to London by the Parliament—Sir John Hotham—The King goes to Hull—Newcastle appointed to the command of the four northern counties, and made governor of the city of Newcastle | [50] |
| CHAPTER VI. | |
| Charles raises his standard at Nottingham—Appointment of Fairfax as Newcastle’s opponent—Sedition in Durham—Newcastle raises an army—Weapons of the period—Supplies sent by the King of Denmark—Army of the North—Insurrection in Yorkshire—Newcastle goes to York—A battle à la Don Quixote—Winter quarters—Newcastle as a General | [64] |
| CHAPTER VII. | |
| The General of Infantry—The General of Cavalry—The General of Artillery—Tadcaster—Correspondence with Hotham—Propositions of Parliament—Objections to Catholics in Newcastle’s army—The Parliament specially excepts Newcastle in case of a general amnesty—The coming of the Queen to Yorkshire | [75] |
| CHAPTER VIII. | |
| Boynton Hall—The Queen carries off the plate—Sir Hugh Cholmley—Position of the Hothams—Hotham tells Newcastle that he is being traduced at Court—Cholmley’s Memorials of the Hothams | [86] |
| CHAPTER IX. | |
| Goring’s victory at Bramham Moor—Goring’s defeat at Wakefield—Newcastle takes Rotherham, Sheffield and Howley House—Newcastle’s great victory at Adderton Moor—Newcastle contemplates going South to the assistance of the King—He is created a Marquess—He besieges Hull—The King wishes him to go to the South—Newcastle raises the siege of Hull | [99] |
| CHAPTER X. | |
| Newcastle goes to Chesterfield, and from thence to Bolsover and Welbeck—News of an approaching Scottish invasion—Newcastle encounters it at Newcastle—A battle—Skirmishes—A dispatch of Newcastle’s—Disaster to some of Newcastle’s troops at Selby—He retreats to York—Asks to be relieved of his command—A letter from Charles—Hume on Newcastle | [113] |
| CHAPTER XI. | |
| An army comes from Ireland to relieve the Royalists—It relieves their enemies—Newcastle besieged at York—He sends Goring with his cavalry to manœuvre in the adjoining counties—Attacks, counterattacks, and sallies, at York—Newcastle appeals to the King for reinforcements—Progress of the siege of York—Newcastle asks the conditions of surrender—The army of the Associated Counties—The Earl of Manchester—Oliver Cromwell—State Papers about the proceedings of Goring’s horse—State Papers about the siege of York | [124] |
| CHAPTER XII. | |
| Newcastle’s feeling towards Rupert—Rupert reaches York—Problems before each army—Councils of war—Retirement of the enemy—Return of the enemy—Marston Moor—Soldiers refuse to fight until paid—The order of battle—Ill-feeling between Ethyn and Rupert—Psalm-singing and preaching—Rest, a pipe, and a sleep | [137] |
| CHAPTER XIII. | |
| Opening of the battle of Marston Moor—Newcastle in the fight—Success of his horse on the left wing—Reports of a Royalist victory spread throughout the country—Success of the Roundhead horse on their own left—Action of Cromwell—Heroism of Newcastle’s Whitecoats—Defeat | [148] |
| CHAPTER XIV. | |
| Newcastle determines to fly the country—His journey—His condition at Hamburg—Clarendon’s opinion of his flight—Surrender of York—Quarrels among the Parliamentary Generals—Manchester visits Welbeck—Death of Lady Newcastle—Letters from Hamburg—Borrowing money—Journey to Paris—Meets Margaret Lucas | [162] |
| CHAPTER XV. | |
| Margaret Lucas—A duel—A perfect family—Love-letters—Opposition by the Queen—Marriage—Six per cent—Raising the wind | [174] |
| CHAPTER XVI. | |
| The Queen shows favour to Newcastle—A regal snub—Henrietta gives Newcastle £2000—He keeps a large stud—His creditors’ tender farewell—Rotterdam—Antwerp—More borrowing—Lady Newcastle sent to England to raise money—Execution of Charles I—Literary tastes of Lady Newcastle—She returns to her husband—The starving man has a large stud—Death of Sir Charles Cavendish—Correspondence of Newcastle—Calls himself Prince | [190] |
| CHAPTER XVII. | |
| The Restoration—Newcastle pawns his wife and returns to England after an exile of sixteen years—Redeems his wife from pawn—His financial affairs as stated by his wife—Chief Justice in Eyre—A stock of tobacco—Symptoms of rebellion—A son’s debts—Created a Duke—Binds a son very tightly—A gentle snub—Marriage negotiations | [208] |
| CHAPTER XVIII. | |
| Newcastle poses as a man of letters—His book on Horsemanship—What to do when a horse has a headache—How to sit on a horse—How to reduce a “resty” horse—Bridles—Anatomy—Leaping-horses—Pirouettes and voltes—Learning to ride from a book | [226] |
| CHAPTER XIX. | |
| Newcastle as a playwright and a poet—Grainger’s opinion—Langbaine’s opinion—Walpole’s opinion—Lodge’s opinion—“The Humorous Lovers”—Pepys’s opinion—Newcastle’s other plays—Newcastle as a patron of letters—Hobbes’s letters to Newcastle | [236] |
| CHAPTER XX. | |
| Literary works of the Duchess—List—Her secretaries—Rapid out-put—Her “conceptions”—Her verse—D’Israeli and Grainger on her works—Her philosophical works—An extract—James Bristow’s difficulty | [249] |
| CHAPTER XXI. | |
| Prologue to the Duchess’s plays—Specimens—Her dress—Pepys—The Royal Society—Grammont and Charles II | [262] |
| CHAPTER XXII. | |
| The Duchess’s religion—Time to stop—Deaths of the Duke and Duchess—A defence of Newcastle—The Duchess—The best feature of her character—Her great capacity for business matters—Walpole again | [273] |
APPENDIX | |
| Descendants of Newcastle | [281] |
| Index | [283] |