Section 32.—ENGINES (TYPES OF).
The following sketches are type drawings of the most important forms of Steam Engines in use, and are intended to afford a choice of outline arrangements from which in any scheme under consideration a selection may be made as a basis, without reference to details.
VERTICAL ENGINES.
[558]. Overhead cylinder engine.
[559]. Overhead crank engine,
[560]. Overhead crank engine, cylinder oscillating.
[561]. Overhead cylinder engine, with oscillating cylinder.
| [562].Overhead tandem compound engine. | - | These can, of course, be reversed and the crank fixed overhead. | |
| [563].Overhead double compound engine. | |||
[564]. Overhead one-crank compound oscillating engine, cylinders at right angles and receiver between.
[565]. Overhead double-crank compound oscillating engine, with receiver.
[566]. Overhead crank compound tandem oscillating engine.
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[567]. Vertical engine, with top guides, double connecting rods, and underneath crank shaft.
[568]. Vertical trunk engine.
Note that the trunk plan is applicable to any of the preceding arrangements, and is employed where a very short engine is required.
[569]. Vertical triple compound engine, single acting cylinders. The high pressure steam acts first on the under side of the small piston, is then expanded into the annular under side of large piston, and finally expanded into the upper side of large piston.
[570]. Vertical compound engine, with annular cylinder. The central cylinder is the high pressure, and the annular cylinder the low pressure.
[571]. Vertical annular cylinder engine, with crank below.
[572]. Vertical slotted crosshead engine.
[573]. Standard vertical engine; a type largely used and possessing many good points.
[574]. Double cylinder engine, with T connecting rod. (Bernay’s patent.)
HORIZONTAL ENGINES.
| [575].Box bed engine, high pressure. | - | These can, of course, be duplicated side by side. | |
| [576]. Double box bed engine,coupled end to end. | |||
| [577]. Oscillating cylinderengine, with crosshead guides. | |||
| [578]. Trunk engine. | |||
| [579]. Return crank engine. | |||
[580]. Diagonal engine. See also [No. 564].
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[581]. Horizontal tandem compound engine.
[582]. Galloway’s oblique compound engine.
[583]. Double cylinder compound engine, with receiver, cranks at right angles.
[584]. Trunk bed engine.
[585]. Double piston engine. The pistons are sometimes coupled to two crank pins at right angles.
Condensers (see [Section 25]) may be driven (a) from horizontal engines either direct by continuation of the piston rod, or (b) may be worked horizontally below by a vertical rocking beam coupled to the main crosshead, or (c) worked vertically below by a bell crank coupled to the main crosshead, or (d) by a separate small steam cylinder working independently, or (e) by a connecting rod or gearing from the crank shaft.
For Jet Condensers see [Section 25].
BEAM ENGINES, &c.
[586]. Ordinary pillar and overhead beam engine.
[587]. Has extended beam and double cylinders, either as a compound engine or one cylinder may form a pump or blast cylinder. In some designs the high and low pressure cylinders are placed side by side and coupled to the same end of the beam by a modified parallel motion.
[588]. Side lever engine.
[589]. Plan of beam engine, with compound cylinders.
[590]. Walking beam engine.
[591]. Diagonal engine.
[592]. Three or four cylinder high-speed engine, with single-acting cylinders.
[593]. Vertical high-speed single-acting engine, with one or more cylinders.
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Section 33.—ENGINES AND BOILERS COMBINED (see also Boilers, [Sec. 6]).
VERTICAL ARRANGEMENTS.
[594]. In this engine the boiler forms the standard for support of engine parts, but it is better to fix these on a vertical bed-plate bolted to the boiler, or as [No. 595].
[595]. Any type of vertical engine and any type of vertical boiler can be combined on this plan.
[596]. Vertical boiler (any type) and horizontal engine (any type).
[597]. Any type of vertical boiler, with short horizontal engine on crown.
[598]. Vertical boiler, with cylinder sunk in the centre of crown.
[599]. Overhead crank engine and boiler, the latter forming the base to which the engine parts are fixed.
HORIZONTAL ENGINES.
[600]. Loco.-type semi-fixed horizontal engine.
[601]. Loco.-type semi-fixed horizontal engine, with engine on top. When placed on wheels this type constitutes the well-known “Portable.”
[602]. Horizontal semi-fixed boiler, with circular shell and engine on top. (See [No. 72].)
[603]. Horizontal semi-fixed boiler, with underneath fire-box. (See [No. 71].)