CONTENTS
[CHAPTER I]
Introductory: On the State and Its Relation To War
and Peace
The inquiry is not concerned with the intrinsic merits
of peace or war, [2].
—But with the nature, causes and consequences of the
preconceptions favoring peace or war, [3].
—A breach of the peace is an act of the government,
or State, [3].
—Patriotism is indispensable to furtherance of warlike
enterprise, [4].
—All the peoples of Christendom are sufficiently patriotic, [6].
—Peace established by the State, an armistice—the State
is an instrumentality for making peace, not for perpetuating it, [7].
—The governmental establishments and their powers in all
the Christian nations are derived from the feudal establishments
of the Middle Ages, [9].
—Still retain the right of coercively controlling the actions
of their citizens, [11].
—Contrast of Icelandic Commonwealth, [12].
—The statecraft of the past half century has been
one of competitive preparedness, [14].
—Prussianised Germany has forced the pace in this
competitive preparedness, [20].
—An avowedly predatory enterprise no longer meets
with approval, [21].
—When a warlike enterprise has been entered upon, it
will have the support of popular sentiment even if it
is an aggressive war, [22].
—The moral indignation of both parties to the quarrel
is to be taken for granted, [23].
—The spiritual forces of any Christian nation may be
mobilised for war by either of two pleas: (1) The
preservation or furtherance of the community's material
interests, real or fancied, and (2) vindication of the
National Honour; as perhaps also perpetuation of the
national "Culture," [23].
[CHAPTER II]
On The Nature and Uses Of Patriotism
The nature of Patriotism, [31].
—Is a spirit of Emulation, [33].
—Must seem moral, if only to a biased populace,[ 33].
—The common man is sufficiently patriotic but is hampered
with a sense of right and honest dealing, [38].
—Patriotism is at cross purposes with modern life, [38].
—Is an hereditary trait? [41].
—Variety of racial stocks in Europe, [43].
—Patriotism a ubiquitous trait, [43].
—Patriotism disserviceable, yet men hold to it, [46].
—Cultural evolution of Europeans, [48].
—Growth of a sense of group solidarity, [49].
—Material interests of group falling into abeyance
as class divisions have grown up, until prestige
remains virtually the sole community interest, [51].
—Based upon warlike prowess, physical magnitude and
pecuniary traffic of country, [54].
—Interests of the master class are at cross purposes
with the fortunes of the common man, [57].
—Value of superiors is a "prestige value," [57].
—The material benefits which this ruling class contribute
are: defense against aggression, and promotion of the
community's material gain, [60].
—The common defense is a remedy for evils due to the
patriotic spirit, [61].
—The common defense the usual blind behind which events
are put in train for eventual hostilities, [62].
—All the nations of warring Europe convinced that they
are fighting a defensive war, [62].
—Which usually takes the form of a defense of the National
Honour, [63].
—Material welfare is of interest to the Dynastic statesman
only as it conduces to political success, [64].
—The policy of national economic self-sufficiency, [67].
—The chief material use of patriotism is its use to a
limited number of persons in their quest of private gain, [67].
—And has the effect of dividing the nations on lines of
rivalry, [76].
[CHAPTER III]
On The Conditions of a Lasting Peace
The patriotic spirit of modern peoples is the abiding
source of contention among nations, [77].
—Hence any calculus of the Chances of Peace will be
a reckoning of forces which may be counted on to keep
a patriotic nation in an unstable equilibrium of peace, [78].
—The question of peace and war at large is a question of
peace and war among the Powers, which are of two contrasted
kinds: those which may safely be counted on spontaneously
to take the offensive and those which will fight on provocation, [79].
—War not a question of equity but of opportunity, [81].
—The Imperial designs of Germany and Japan as the prospective
cause of war, [82].
—Peace can be maintained in two ways: submission to
their dominion, or elimination of these two Powers;
No middle course open, [84].
—Frame of mind of states; men and popular sentiment in
a Dynastic State, [84].
—Information, persuasion and reflection will not subdue
national animosities and jealousies; Peoples of Europe
are racially homogeneous along lines of climatic latitude, [88].
—But loyalty is a matter of habituation, [89].
—Derivation and current state of German nationalism, [94].
—Contrasted with the animus of the citizens of a commonwealth, [103]
—A neutral peace-compact may be practicable in the absence of Germany and Japan,
but it has no chance in their presence, [106].
—The national life of Germany: the Intellectuals, [108].
—Summary of chapter, [116].
[CHAPTER IV]
Peace Without Honour
Submission to the Imperial Power one of the conditions
precedent to a peaceful settlement, [118].
—Character of the projected tutelage, [118].
—Life under the Pax Germanica contrasted with
the Ottoman and Russian rule, [124].
—China and biological and cultural success, [130].
—Difficulty of non-resistant subjection is of a psychological
order, [131].
—Patriotism of the bellicose kind is of the nature of
habit, [134].
—And men may divest themselves of it, [140].
—A decay of the bellicose national spirit must be of
the negative order, the disuse of the discipline out
of which it has arisen, [142].
—Submission to Imperial authorities necessitates
abeyance of national pride among the other peoples, [144].
—Pecuniary merits of the projected Imperial dominion, [145].
—Pecuniary class distinctions in the commonwealths and
the pecuniary burden on the common man, [150].
—Material conditions of life for the common man under
the modern rule of big business, [156].
—The competitive régime, "what the traffic will bear,"
and the life and labor of the common man, [158].
—Industrial sabotage by businessmen, [165].
—Contrasted with the Imperial usufruct and its material
advantages to the common man, [174].
[CHAPTER V]
Peace and Neutrality
Personal liberty, not creature comforts, the ulterior
springs of action of the common man of the democratic
nations, [178].
—No change of spiritual state to be looked for in the
life-time of the oncoming generation, [185].
—The Dynastic spirit among the peoples of the Empire
will, under the discipline of modern economic conditions,
fall into decay, [187].
—Contrast of class divisions in Germany and England, [192].
—National establishments are dependent for their
continuance upon preparation for hostilities, [196].
—The time required for the people of the Dynastic
States to unlearn their preconceptions will be longer
than the interval required for a new onset, [197].
—There can be no neutral course between peace by
unconditional surrender and submission or peace by
the elimination of Imperial Germany and Japan, [202].
—Peace by submission not practicable for the modern
nations, [203].
—Neutralisation of citizenship, [205].
—Spontaneous move in that direction not to be looked for, [213].
—Its chances of success, [219].
—The course of events in America, [221].
[CHAPTER VI]
Elimination of the Unfit
A league of neutrals, its outline, [233].
—Need of security from aggression of Imperial Germany, [234].
—Inclusion of the Imperial States in the league, [237].
—Necessity of elimination of Imperial military clique, [239].
—Necessity of intermeddling in internal affairs of Germany even
if not acceptable to the German people, [240].
—Probability of pacific nations taking measures to insure peace, [244]-298.
—The British gentleman and his control of the English government, [244].
—The shifting of control out of the hands of the gentleman into
those of the underbred common man, [251].
—The war situation and its probable effect on popular habits
of thought in England, [252].
—The course of such events and their bearing on the chances
of a workable pacific league, [255].
—Conditions precedent to a successful pacific league
of neutrals, [258].
—Colonial possessions, [259].
—Neutralisation of trade relations, [263].
—Futility of economic boycott, [266].
—The terms of settlement, [269].
—The effect of the war and the chances of the British people
being able to meet the exigencies of peace, [273].
—Summary of the terms of settlement, [280].
—Constitutional monarchies and the British gentlemanly
government, [281].
—The American national establishment, a government
by businessmen, and its economic policy, [292].
—America and the league,[ 294.]
[CHAPTER VII]
Peace and the Price System
The different conceptions of peace, [299].
—Psychological effects of the war, [303].
—The handicraft system and the machine industry,
and their psychological effect on political preconceptions, [306].
—The machine technology and the decay of patriotic loyalty, [310].
—Summary, [313].
—Ownership and the right of contract, [315].
—Standardised under handicraft system, [319].
—Ownership and the machine industry. [320].
—Business control and sabotage, [322].
—Governments of pacific nations controlled by privileged classes, [326].
—Effect of peace on the economic situation, [328].
—Economic aspects of a régime of peace, especially as related
to the development of classes, [330].
—The analogy of the Victorian Peace, [344].
—The case of the American Farmer, [348].
—The leisure class, [350].
—The rising standard of living, [354].
—Culture, [355].
—The eventual cleavage of classes, those who own and those
who do not, [360].
—Conditioned by peace at large, [366].
—Necessary conditions of a lasting peace, [367].