THE MORSE ALPHABETS.

TO SIGNAL WITH THE FLAG, TORCH, HAND LANTERN, OR BEAM OF SEARCHLIGHT.

The dot is made by a motion to the right of the sender embracing an arc of 90°, starting from the vertical and returning to it, in a plane at right angles to the line connecting the two stations.

The dash is made by a similar motion to the left.

The space which occurs only between dots is made by prolonging the signal for the last dot for an interval of time equal to the time of an additional dot, the staff of the flag, the beam of the searchlight, etc., being maintained in a horizontal position for the time specified. The signal so made would therefore represent a dot and space.

The letter "C" is accordingly made thus: Right, right prolonged, right.

The long dash ("L") is distinguished from the short dash ("t") by prolonging the signal to the left for a period of time equal to one dot. The long dash representing "naught" is similarly made by prolonging the signal to the left for a period of time equal to two dots.

The "front" signal is made by lowering the flag from the vertical position to the front and immediately returning it to the vertical position.

A slight pause is made between each signal.

The following conventional signals are authorized, using the Morse alphabets:

End of wordone front.
End of sentence two fronts.
End of messagethree fronts.