Abridgment of the Debates of Congress, from 1789 to 1856, Vol. 1 (of 16)

by United States. Congress

INDEX TO VOL. I

Acts of Congress.—Propriety of limiting the period of their operation, note, [82];
safe-keeping of, [129].
Adams, John, elected Vice President in 1789, [10];
voted for as President in 1789, [10];
in 1793, [385];
addresses the Senate on taking the chair as Vice President, [11];
Vice President U. S., [441], [520].
Address, Inaugural.—Washington, [12].
Address of the Friends in Pennsylvania, &c., urging the discontinuance of the Slave Trade, [201].
Address of House to President.—In committee, on answer to the President's Address;
clause respecting the Western expedition against the Indians under consideration, [256];
alarm occasioned by the Greek treaty, [256];
secret articles thus early, [256];
sufferings of the people of Georgia, [286].
Encouraging navigation considered, [257];
too early for the House to commit itself, [257];
mode of expression might conduce to the exclusion of foreign bottoms, [257];
expressions of the President, [257];
amendment proposed, [257];
exclusion ruinous to Southern States, [257];
the words of the report and amendment, [257];
not be hasty to declare all exports shall be in American bottoms, [257];
tonnage duties paid in Georgia, [257];
a substitute proposed, [258];
no reason to think the House will be committed by adopting the Address, [258];
two modes of answering the Address, [258];
amendment lost, [258].
Answer to the Presidents Speech, debated, [532];
note, [532];
the House should not bow so much to the President as to approve of his proceedings without knowing what they were, [532];
he says his policy in regard to foreign nations is founded in justice; we intend to convey a general sentiment of approbation, [532];
the amendment proposes substantial approbation, [532];
the distinction is trifling, [532];
the mission of Mr. Jay should not be approved till we know his instructions, [532];
better withdraw the motion than to bring it forward at such an expense of temper, [533];
motion withdrawn, [533];
amendment moved relating to self-created societies, [533];
an excitable expression, [533];
self-created societies of the country, [533];
as improper to pass a vote of censure as one of approbation, [534];
the conduct of these people had tended to blow the insurrection, [534];
objected that these societies will acquire importance by a vote of censure, [534];
amendment of no weight, [535];
leave the societies to their own conscience, [535];
this declaration from the House will tend to discourage Democratic Societies, [535];
persons most violent against the excise laws had been equally so against the insurgents, [535];
the President did not want them to intermeddle with the societies, [536];
the societies had produced Western insurrection, [536];
the effects of the societies, [536];
the societies composed of patriots, [537];
amendment can answer no purpose but that of disturbing the public peace, [538];
the evils arose from the excise laws, not from Democratic Societies, [538];
the Democratic Societies in a great measure originated the late disturbances, [539];
misinformation existed, [540];
amendment lost, [540].
Answer to President's Message to 1st Session of 4th Congress, considered in the Senate, [594];
nothing should be contained in it such as to force the Senate to precipitate decisions, [594];
note, [594];
two clauses objectionable; our situation is not in every way auspicious, [594];
nothing reasonably objectionable, [594];
some members could not vote for the Address without palpable inconsistency, [595];
every article of the Treaty objectionable, [595];
the term "firm" applied to the Executive improper, [595];
the ratification of the Treaty in all its aspects is advisable, [595];
the objections considered, [595];
the clauses record a fact, [596];
further consideration of the objections, [596].
Answer to President's Speech, 1st Session of 4th Congress, considered in the House, [605];
practice of addresses disapproved, [605];
practice coeval with the constitution, [605];
moved to strike out certain words, [606];
clause goes too far, [606];
the confidence of a part of the people was diminished, [607];
motion denies confidence of the House and the public in the President, [607];
such a thing was once supposed impossible, [607];
what are the facts? 607;
defence of the President, [608];
recommitted, [608].
African Slaves.—Motion to bring in a bill relative to their importation, [84].
See Duties on Imports and Slavery.
Algerine War, report of the committee on, [475];
resolution to build four ships of forty-four, and two of twenty guns considered, [475];
cannot be done in a year, [475];
two points to be considered—do the Algerines act from their own impulse in this matter? if so, they can be bought, [475];
if excited by Britain, they cannot be bought, [475];
there is danger of a British war from fitting out the ships, [475];
the combined powers would regard their equipment as an opportunity to pick a quarrel, [475];
the ships would be too small to be important in Europe, [475];
British would attempt to search them, hence a quarrel, [475];
bribery alone can purchase security from the Algerines, [476];
not a match for the Algerines, [476];
harbors for American ships in Europe, [476];
views on the subject, [476];
no security if we buy a peace, [477];
an armament urged, [477];
Britain is the cause, Algiers the instrument, [477];
this expedient unlikely to answer the purpose, [477];
competency of the ships examined, [478];
the charge against Britain unfounded, [478];
this country not in a state for war, [478];
note, [478];
six vessels sufficient, [479];
the bill regarded as affording protection to commerce against the Algerines, and as the foundation of a permanent Naval Establishment, [480];
various objections urged to this view, [480];
the question is simply whether our commerce requires protection against the Algerines, and whether this is the best course to protect it, [482];
these points considered, [482];
objections to the bill reviewed, [482];
argument against a Naval Establishment considered, [482];
passage of the bill, [482].
Allegiance, Foreign.—See remarks of Madison and Jackson, [97] and 98.
Amendments to the Constitution.—Application of the Legislature of Virginia for a convention to consider defects, and report amendments, [47];
debate, [47];
this application should remain on the files until proper number of applicants come forward, [47];
any subject can be referred to a committee, [47];
the propriety of committing it doubtful, [47];
Congress has no deliberative power on this occasion, [48];
the application of a State should be respected and regarded, [48];
it should be entered at large on the files of the journal, [48];
so ordered, [48].
Proper mode of amending considered, [133];
proposition to insert after the words "We the people," in the first paragraph, a brief clause, [133];
not the proper mode of amending the constitution, [133];
it should be done by supplement, [133];
moved to amend by a resolution declaring, "That the following articles be proposed as amendments," &c., [133];
form of less importance than substance, but there is a neatness and propriety here in incorporating articles, [134];
method proposed by the resolution incompatible with the constitution, which requires amendments to form a part of the constitution, [134];
all amendments should stand separate from the constitution—see precedents, [134];
supplementary form most desirable, [134];
by incorporation the original instrument may be entirely gone, [135];
can the mode make any possible difference, [135];
how can amendments be incorporated, [135];
report of committee founded on recommendation of State conventions, [135];
the original constitution should remain inviolate, and not be patched from time to time like Joseph's coat, [136];
magna charta never altered by incorporation of amendments, [136];
arguments for incorporation considered, [136];
motion lost, [137];
see note, [137].
Freedom of conscience considered, [137];
proposition to insert the words, "no religion shall be established by law, nor shall the equal rights of conscience be infringed," [137];
the words liable to a wrong construction—have a tendency to abolish religion altogether, [137];
amendment unnecessary—Congress no authority to make religious establishments, [137];
many sects think they are not well secured, and the effect of amendment will be conciliatory for the new government, [137];
some States had desired it, [137];
reason thereof, [137];
experience of Rhode Island, [137];
apprehensions of the people, [138];
result, [138].
Right of instruction considered.—On a motion to insert the words, "to instruct their representatives," an amendment proposed, [138];
arguments against the right, [138];
its propriety in this country, [139];
if our constituents have a constitutional right to instruct, we are bound to obey, [139];
the words are calculated to mislead by conveying the idea to the people that they have a right to instruct, [139];
duty of a representative, [139];
dangerous tendency of the doctrine, [140];
what may be the consequence of binding a man to vote according to the will of others in all cases, [140];
arguments in favor, [140]; this amendment is of a doubtful nature, and will have a tendency to prejudice
the whole system, [141];
if sovereignty resides with the whole people, they cannot, in detached bodies, contravene an act established by the whole, [141];
the clause would not bind representatives, [141];
it will operate inconveniently to the more distant States, [141];
under its adoption, one member as good as many, [141];
no law of the House would be of force if a majority were instructed against it, [141]; subversive of the principles of
the constitution, [141];
must members violate the constitution if instructed, [142];
objections further considered, [142];
no instruction should have binding force, [143];
right of State Legislature to instruct the House opposed, [143];
absolute necessity of adopting the amendment, [143];
no right of obligation claimed for instructions heretofore, [144];
constitutions of several States recognize the right, [144];
motion lost, [144];
another motion, [144].
Amendments proposed in the Senate relative to the judiciary power of the United States, [445];
do. passed in Senate, [446].
Ames, Fisher, Representative from Massachusetts, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388], [527], [637];
on duty on molasses, [30];
on duty on hemp and cordage, [37];
moves duty on barley and lime, [38];
remarks on tonnage duties, [48];
remarks on tonnage duties, [54]; on the scale of duties on imports, [59], [62], [65];
would make no bargain or compromise relative to duties on imports, [69];
further remarks, [70], [71];
opposes the motion to lay duty on African slaves, [74];
thinks a limitation of the impost bill injurious to public credit, [79];
further remarks, [80], [84]; on the admission of Rhode Island, [101];
on the President's power to remove officers, [106];
on the organization of the Treasury Department, [110];
on the compensation of the Vice President, [122];
on the right of instructions, [143];
on the location of the seat of government, [158];
further remarks, [160];
on manner the Secretary of the Treasury shall make his report, [177];
on the discrimination between foreign and domestic debts, [195];
on discrimination of public creditors, [215];
moves to strike out "Potomac," and insert Germantown as seat of Government, [249];
on excise officers, [271];
further, [272];
on the commitment of the bill for a Bank of the United States, [273];
do. speech on the bank, [278];
on report of Secretary at War, [317];
on the bill for the encouragement of the Cod Fisheries, [353];
on attendance of Secretary of War, [391], [392];
on discharging Committee on defeat of St. Clair, [393];
on petition of Warner Mifflin, [397];
on official conduct of Secretary of Treasury, [436];
on the commerce of the United States, [468];
on fighting the Algerines, [477];
in favor of taxing salt, [506];
urges duties on manufactured tobacco and refined sugar, [507];
on the advance of money to France, [514];
on an increase of the army, [515];
on raising a force for protection of S. W. frontier, [517];
on the President's speech, [532];
on resolutions of thanks to General Wayne, [545];
on the renunciation of nobility for citizenship, [562];
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, [568], [569];
on the execution of the British treaty, [743].
Amy Dardin's horse, claim for, [763];
note, [763].
Apportionment Bill, see Ratio of Representation;
veto of, [374];
action of the House on, [374].
Appropriations.—Bill for the appropriations for 1792 considered, [330];
various amendments proposed, [330];
bill recommitted, [330].
The Right of Congress to withhold appropriations from existing establishments considered, [625];
note, [625];
moved to strike out all appropriated for the officers of the mint, [625];
such motion cannot regularly be brought forward, [626];
the bill is conformed to the state of the public engagements, [626];
an investigation should be made on an independent footing, [626];
a discretionary power in the House to appropriate or not, [626];
when legal establishments are made, neither branch has a right to withhold its assent to appropriations conformable to the public engagements, [626];
illustration, [626];
the House is not to pass an appropriation bill as a matter of course, [627];
amendment agreed to, [627];
in the House, moved to strike out all appropriated to the mint, [627];
motion to strike out an appropriation for the purpose of bringing the policy of a law into discussion, is repugnant to legislative duties, [627];
doctrine of discretionary power not correct, [627];
no appropriation should obtain sanction unless the House were convinced of the propriety of the law, [627];
otherwise the House becomes a mere office for registering edicts, [628];
House has no right to obstruct the operation of the laws while they exist, [628];
otherwise, the House has a right to refuse an appropriation to pay a just debt, [628];
a constitutional view, [628];
mode of getting rid of an establishment by refusing appropriations not the constitutional one, [628];
expenditure of Washington's administration, note 629.
The bill providing appropriations for military, &c. establishments considered, [763];
debate on the value of rations and the amount appropriated, [764];
the army had been reduced, but not the expenses, [764];
various sums proposed for the gross amount for different objects, [765];
other items considered, [766];
note 767.
Armstrong James, votes for, as Vice President, in 1789, [10].
Armstrong James, Representative from Pennsylvania, [455], [528].
Army, Memorial of Officers of, [397].
Army, Reduction of—Resolution for the appointment of a committee to bring in a bill for the reduction of the United States Military Establishment considered, [398];
reasons and necessity of the motion, [398];
expenses, charges, and increase of the War Department, [398];
note, [398];
the protection of the frontiers considered if the army is disbanded, [399];
amount of reduction suggested, [399];
expense of militia expeditions, [399];
improper time to disband the army when negotiations of peace are going on, [399];
been warring with our finances to keep up an army, [400];
dangerous so suddenly to alter the system, [400];
strange statements of members considered, [400];
referred to Committee of the Whole, [401];
calculations examined, [401];
circumstances requiring a force, [401];
history of the frontier wars, [402];
superiority of regular troops over militia shown, [402];
case of Major Adair, [402];
successes of Clark and Sevier, [402];
improper to take militia to fight Indians, [403].
Improper to adopt the motion under the present circumstances of the country, [404];
former law gave President power to exercise his discretion, [404];
have circumstances so changed as to render it proper for the Legislature to interfere? 404;
the great object of the additional armament is peace, [404];
cannot rely upon the backwoods riflemen to turn out as often as wanted, [404];
the President has practised economy in organizing the troops voted for, [404].
The motion only goes to prevent the raising any more troops, it does not disband a man, [405];
militia always more spirited soldiers, and fitter for fighting the Indians than regulars, [405];
experience with militia, [405];
no peace can be obtained from the Indians unless dictated by British agents in Canada, [406];
any immediate alteration of the system dangerous under present circumstances, [406];
the spirit of the motion in regard to the prevention of standing armies is good, [407];
the reduction of the military establishment will neither put an end to the savage war, nor to the enormous expense, [407];
consider the state of the exposed parts of the Union, [407];
these people demand the protecting arm of Government, [408];
commenced wrong in warring with the Indians, [408];
if public officers have misapplied the public money, the constitution pointed out a mode to punish them, [408];
the defence of the frontier is of superior concern to the redemption of the public debt by savings to be made by a reduction of the army, [408];
a particular plan is set in operation, and it should be tried, [409];
confidential communications referred to, [409];
this protection of the frontiers is a test of the Government, [409];
this Indian war differs from any other, [410];
not sufficient information respecting the prospect of peace to warrant a reduction of the army, [410];
any abuses in the war establishment are insignificant, [410];
regular troops grow experienced, and by a line of forts trade can be cultivated with the Indians, [411];
the most important question before the House—on its decision are suspended the hopes of the people for peace and their fears of a standing army, [411];
the principle of keeping up standing armies, though highly obnoxious to the people, has not been equally so to the Government, [411];
effects of standing armies, [411];
much deliberation is not necessary to form an opinion of military establishments, [411];
the arguments of the opponents lead to four points, [412];
these points considered, [412];
although a war establishment is objectionable, this system should not be arrested at the moment of its efficiency, [414];
a standing army is impossible so long as this House holds the purse-strings, [414];
motion lost, [415];
further considered, [416].
The Pay of Soldiers proposed to be increased from three to four dollars per month, [459];
motion to add a fifth dollar, [459];
no proportion between the wages of ordinary labor and that of military service, [459];
it was justly due, [460];
no reason for this increase of wages, [460];
better to increase the rations, [460];
six dollars had secured some of the most respectable kind of people in Pennsylvania, [460];
further considerations offered, [461];
motions withdrawn, [461].
Bill to increase the Army, lost, [511];
bill to increase the military force and to encourage recruiting, considered, [515];
principle of the bill wrong, [515];
is it proper to intrust the President with a discretionary power to raise an army of ten thousand men owing to the particular state of the country? 515;
if we have war, it is economy to be prepared beforehand, [515];
no danger to trust the President, [515];
the force can be discontinued at our pleasure, [515];
it would involve the country in useless expense, [515];
the interests of the country promoted by vesting the President with this power, [515];
what would be the consequence if he cannot make preparation when he sees the war approaching, [516];
no such immediate prospect of war as could induce the House to violate the constitution, [516];
under the constitution one branch of the government raises an army, and the other conducts it, [516];
it encroaches upon a salutary principle of the constitution, [516];
bill rejected, [516].
Amendments of the Senate, fixing the military establishment considered, [759];
number of troops sufficient without this amendment, [759];
amendment to keep a larger number of troops, negatived, [759];
moved to retain the Major General, [759];
question debated, [760];
lost, [760].
Arts useful, to promote progress of, [259].
Ashe John Baptist, Representative from North Carolina, [239], [259], [317].
Assumption of State Debts.—See Treasury, Report of Secretary of.
B
Bailey Theodore, Representative from New York, [455],527, [604].
Baird David, Representative from Pennsylvania, [604].

Baldwin Abraham, Representative from Georgia, [42], [175], [255], [317], [388], [455], [527], [604];
on the practicability of collecting duties, [63];
on organization of Treasury Department, [93];
on the preparation of estimates by the Secretary of the Treasury, [113];
on the compensation of the President, [116];
further remarks, [119];
on power of Congress to interfere with slavery, [209];
presides in Committee of the Whole, [216], [220], [221], [228];
on memorial of officers of Navy, [240];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [269];
on ratio of representation, [322];
on the meeting of the Electoral College, [333];
on the preparations for the Algerine war, [476];
on admission of the delegate south of the Ohio, [530];
on a salary for members of Congress, [636];
on a stenographer for the House, [631];
on Post-roads, [637];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [659];
on the admission of Tennessee, [756].
Bank of the United States.—On the passage of a bill from the Senate to incorporate the subscribers to the Bank of the United States, [272];
recommittal moved, [272];
various objections to the bill, [272];
no argument in favor of a bank can be deduced from Great Britain, [272];
no necessity for a bank, [273];
plan unconstitutional, [273];
Government has power to borrow money and therefore had a right to create capital to facilitate it, [273];
its operation benefits all parts of the Union, [273];
bill should be recommitted as too important to pass without discussion, [273];
other objections urged, [273];
clause of constitution respecting monopolies refers to commercial monopolies, [273];
no sufficient reason for recommitment, [273];
fault of members if they have not offered their objections, [274];
motion for recommitment lost, [274];
put on its final passage, [274];
advantages and disadvantages of banks, [274];
is the power of establishing an incorporated bank vested by the constitution in the Legislature of the United States? considered at length, [275];
rules of interpretation, [275];
clauses upon which constitutional power is based, [275];
general welfare clause, [275];
various answers to it, [275];
former bank no precedent, [275];
this is not a bill to borrow money, [276];
the clause, "All laws necessary and proper," &c., does not give unlimited discretion to Congress, [276];
the Government is of limited and enumerated powers, [276];
consequences of considering that the power to borrow authorizes the creation of means to lend, [276];
various objections urged, [277];
distinction between a power necessary and proper for the Government, and a power necessary and proper for executing an enumerated power, [277];
contemporary expositions of the constitution, [277];
if the power is in the constitution, its immediate exercise is not essential, [278];
motion to recommit lost, [278];
bill put on its passage, [278].
Little doubt of the utility of banks, [278];
constitutional question examined, [279];
may Congress exercise any powers not expressly given in the constitution but deducible by a reasonable construction of it, and will such construction warrant the establishment of a bank? 279;
the doctrine of implied power has been a bugbear to many, [279];
danger of implied power does not arise from its assuming a new principle, [279];
not exercising the powers we have may be as pernicious as usurping those we have not, [279];
if some interpretation of the constitution may be indulged, by what rules is it to be governed, [280];
Congress may do what is necessary to the end for which the constitution was adopted, if not repugnant to natural rights or reserved powers, [280];
as the bank is founded on the free choice of those who use it, and highly useful to the people and government, a liberal construction is natural and safe, [280];
a presumption in favor of its conformity to the constitution, [280];
necessity of a bank to other Governments, [280];
if war should suddenly break out here, is Congress to provide for it? 280;
objected, that necessity is the tyrant's plea, [280];
how does Congress get the right to govern the Western Territory, [281];
is the establishment of a national bank a violent misinterpretation of the constitution, [281];
are corporate powers incidental to those which Congress may exercise by the constitution, [281];
Congress may exercise exclusive legislation in certain places—of course establish a bank, [281];
the preamble to the constitution warrants the remark that a bank is not repugnant to its spirit and essential objects, [281];
Congress may exercise all necessary powers, [282];
constitutionality never before doubted, [282];
the whole business of legislation is a practical construction of the powers of the Legislature, [282];
immense difficulties to be surmounted on all important questions, [282];
whenever a power is delegated for express purposes, all the known and usual means for the attainment of the objects are conceded, [282];
if banks are among the known and useful means to facilitate and effectuate the ends of Government, the argument is irrefragable and conclusive to prove the constitutionality of the bill, [283];
the utility of banks, [283];
answer to various objections, [284];
silence of the people is presumptive that they regard the measure as constitutional, [284];
every power necessary to secure the great objects of the constitution must necessarily follow, [284];
the power of removability had been construed, it was as
important as the present, [285];
numerous objections considered, [285];
the expediency of banks considered, [285].
Latitude in construing the constitution to be reprobated, [285];
bill will interfere with State rights, [285];
arguments drawn from implication considered, [286];
that banks may exist without a charter reprobated, [286];
construction of powers considered, [286];
the powers relative to finance do not warrant the adoption of any powers thought proper, [286];
power over Western Territory had reference to property already belonging to the United States, [286];
necessity of proposed institution denied, [286];
general welfare clause, [286];
European banks, [286];
facility of borrowing will involve the Union in irretrievable debts, [287];
a geographical line divides friends and opponents of the measure, [287].
Is Congress vested with power to grant privileges contained in the bill? considered, [287];
what rights will this company enjoy in this new character that they did not enjoy independent of it, [287];
the bank must be a legally artificial body composed of these rights, [288];
is not this simple power fairly to be drawn by necessary implication from those vested by the constitution in the legislative authority? 288;
not express but necessarily deduced, [288];
peace is preserved by being always prepared for defence—this is a duty of Congress, but it must borrow money to secure it, which a bank can aid, [288];
banks only are reliable for borrowing money, [289];
a national bank is the necessary means for this end, [289];
numerous powers have been exercised which were deduced by implication, [289];
if power was given to raise an army, the making provision for all the necessary supplies and incidental charges was included, [290];
quotations from the Federalist, [290];
some objections to a bank considered, [291];
no preference shall be given to one part of the Union over another, not an objection, [291];
this clause inserted for a particular purpose, [292];
expediency of a national bank, [292];
divisions of opinion in Philadelphia, [292];
instances of implied powers exercised, [292].
Members vary widely in their opinion of the direction of the Government, [292];
the Continental debt has travelled eastward of the Potomac, this law is to raise the value of that paper, [292];
implication a serpent that may sting and poison the constitution, [293];
it destroys the principle of the Government at a blow, [293];
it is agreed that the power is not expressly granted but implied, yet it is not agreed as to the particular power to which this is an incident, [293];
latitude of principles premised reprobated, [293];
the form not only points to the ends of Government but specifies the means, [293];
if all laws proceed from expediency, what becomes of the constitution? 293;
the idea that no implication should be made against the law of nature, &c. is hostile to the main principle of our Government, [293];
review of precedents in the former and present Congress which are relied on to justify the measure, [294];
arguments of its advocates considered, [295];
there is no necessity, no occasion for a bank, [295];
propriety of its adoption not manifest, [296];
source of all the arguments in favor of the measure, [296];
arguments in favor of the measure, or the doctrine of implication considered, [297];
authority to grant charters in general, [297];
preamble of the constitution, [297];
other clauses, [297];
general welfare clause, [297];
to regulate commerce, [298];
the terms "necessary," and "proper," [298];
exclusive jurisdiction considered, [298];
derived from its incidentality to the mere creation and existence of government, considered, [298];
does it not interfere with rights of States? 299;
expediency of the measure considered, [299];
the right of exercising this authority problematical, [300];
death will be the penalty of counterfeiting, thus a life at stake on one hand, and an improvident act on the other, [300];
two modes of administering the government, [300];
objections to the bill in detail, [300];
unconstitutionality considered, [300];
Blackstone's rules of interpretation, [301];
what is the meaning of the word "necessary," [301];
rules of Blackstone applied, [302];
this mode of interpretation compared with that of opponents of the bank, [303];
the usage of Congress considered, [303];
sense of the Federal Convention considered, [304];
no such consequence as a monopoly can result from the bill, [305];
Congress cannot give authority to purchase land, considered, [305];
the sense of the Continental Convention is regarded differently by senators, [305];
the restriction contended for would annihilate the most essential rights of the citizens, [305];
origin of corporations, [305];
various objections illustrated, [305].
Warmth and passion should be excluded from this question, [306];
the powers proposed to be given do not exist antecedent to the incorporation, [306];
various arguments examined, [306], [307];
defects of the bill, [307];
previous question moved, [308];
bill passed, [308].
Motion made in the Senate to exclude Bank officers and stockholders from Congress, [445];
amendment proposed, [446];
amendment to the amendment passed, [446];
further amendments considered, [446].
Barnwell, Robert, Representative from South Carolina, [317], [390];
on ratio of representation, [322];
on the cod fisheries, [356];
on official conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, [421], [426].
Basset, Richard, Senator from Delaware, [9], [251], [313], [383];
appointed on Judiciary Committee, first Congress, [10];
on committee on rules in cases of conference, first Congress, [10];
on manner of electing chaplains, [10];
on rules of business, [10].
Beatty, John, Representative from New Jersey, [455], [527].
Beckley, John, elected Clerk of the House, [21],315, [604].
Beef, Salt.—Duty on, opposed and rejected, [34].
Beer, ale and porter, in bottles or casks, [33];
duty on, [34];
beer, duty on, [113].
Benson, Egbert, Representative from New York, [23],175, [255], [317], [388];
on committee for reception of President, [27];
reports on reception of President to the House, [33];
reports from committee on administering the oath to the President, [45];
moves the organization of three executive departments, [85];
further remarks, [85];
on a Board of Treasury or Superintendent of Finance, [92];
on the Treasury Department, [109];
on the form of amending the constitution, [135];
on manner in which Secretary of Treasury shall make his report, [177];
on motion to discriminate among the public creditors, [217];
presides in Committee of the Whole, [229];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [268], [270];
on the stamp of American coins, [372].
Benton, Lemuel, Representative from South Carolina, [519], [555].
Bills, Money.—Power to originate, [110];
do. enrolled—a standing committee ordered, [129].
Bingham, William, Senator from Pennsylvania, [591].
Blair,——, chosen chaplain of the House, [316].
Bland, Theodorick, Representative from Virginia, [21];
remarks on duties on imports, [28];
on duty on Madeira wine, [31];
opposes a duty on salt beef, [34];
regards duty on nails, &c., unequal, [38];
presents application of Virginia for amendment of constitution, [47];
remarks, [47];
advocates low duties on imports, [61];
urges appointment of committee of conference on first disagreement between the two Houses, [67];
urges limitation of the impost bill, [78];
in the power of the President to remove officers, [87];
further remarks, [89];
believes the power of Congress to require oaths of State officers.
Bloodworth, Timothy, Representative from North Carolina, [255];
on excise bill, [265];
further remarks, [271];
Senator from Maryland, [591].
Blount, Thomas, Representative from North Carolina, [455], [527], [604];
the right to Indian lands within a State, [578];
on intruders on Indian lands, [585];
on the admission of Tennessee, [755], [757].
Blount, William, Senator from Tennessee, [602].
Boudinot, Elias, Representative from New Jersey, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388], [455], [527];
informs the Senate of the readiness of the House to meet them and count the electoral votes, [10];
urges scale of duties on imports proposed by Congress in 1783, [23];
engages in the debate, [26];
further speech, [27];
on duty on distilled spirits, [28];
do. on molasses, [28];
on duty on Madeira wine, [32];
on duty on hemp, [36];
favors duty on teas, [42];
reports on reception of President, [44];
opposes high duties, [44];
on the application to amend the constitution, [47];
reviews objections to high and low duties in regard to collection, [63];
on no limit to the impost bill, [78];
further remarks, [83];
moves organization of executive department, [85];
further remarks, [85];
on the power of the President to remove officers, [88];
whether the treasury shall be composed of one or many officers, [93];
on the duties of Secretary of the Treasury, [110];
on providing house and furniture for the President, [117];
further remarks, [119];
on pay of Vice President, [122];
presides in Committee of Whole, [126];
on amount of pay of members, [132];
further remarks, [133];
presides in Committee of the Whole, [145];
moves Potomac, Susquehanna, or Delaware, instead of east bank of Susquehanna for seat of Government, [162];
on importance of the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, [182];
on the assumption of the State debts, [194];
further remarks, [197];
on the constitutional right of an attempt to depress the slave trade, [203];
remarks on the motion to discriminate among public creditors, [207];
further remarks, [211];
on Pennsylvania memorial, [235];
moves to strike out "Potomac," and insert "Delaware" for seat of government, [249];
offers resolution for a land office, [260], [261];
on the commitment of the bill for a Bank of the United States, [274];
speech on the bank, [287];
on report of Secretary of War, [317];
on the ratio of representation, [320];
further remarks, [324]:
on the petition of Catherine Greene, [336];
against attendance of Secretary of War, [391];
on discharging committee on defeat of St. Clair, [394];
on official conduct of Secretary of Treasury, [430];
on the pay of soldiers, [460];
on the flag of the Union, [461];
on the French emigrants from St. Domingo, [463];
do. on the relief of do., [474];
on the embargo, [480];
on the legality of the sequestration of British debts, [484];
on non-intercourse with Great Britain, [495];
on admitting the delegate south of the Ohio, [529];
further do., [531]; on the coinage of cents, [546];
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, [547], [549];
do. on the Pennsylvania insurgents, [552];
on amending the naturalization laws, [555];
on the requirements of titled foreigners for citizenship, [561];
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, [567];
on the reduction of salaries, [572];
on the right to Indian lands within a State, [578], [580].
Bourne, Sylvanus, appointed by the Senate to notify John Adams of his election as Vice-President, [10].
Bourne, Benjamin, Representative from Rhode Island, [260], [315], [388], [457], [528];
on amending the naturalization laws, [559];
on post roads, [637];
on a salary for members of Congress, [637];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [666];
on the military and naval appropriation, [764].
Bourne, Shearjashub, Representative from Massachusetts, [315], [388], [455], [528];
on the Cod Fisheries, [363].
Bradbury, Theophilus, Representative from Massachusetts, [604].
Bradford, William, Senator from Rhode Island, [445], [520], [591].
Bradley, Stephen R., Senator from Vermont, [313], [380], [444], [523].
Brent.—On the rights of the House relative to treaties, [666].
Bribery.—Case of Robert Randall considered, [609];
charges, [609], [610];
arrest of Randall and Charles Whitney, [611];
time given to prepare for defence, [611];
debate thereon, [611];
further statement of the case, [612];
charges against Randall and against Whitney, [613];
petition of Randall for counsel considered, [614];
report on further proceedings, [614];
considered, [615];
information against accused, [617];
counsel of Randall, [618];
examination of members, [619], [620];
resolutions on the case, [621], [622];
case of Whitney, [622];
debate thereon, [623];
Whitney discharged, [624].
Brown, John, Representative from Virginia, [175], [255], [315];
on Quaker memorial, [229].
Brown, John, Senator from Kentucky, [380], [444], [520], [591].
Bryan, Nathan, Representative from North Carolina, [604].
Buck, Daniel, Representative from Vermont, [606].
Burke, Edanus, Representative from South Carolina, [27], [175], [255];
on low price of staples in South Carolina, [37];
opposes duty on salt, [38];
on tonnage duties, [50];
favors effective tonnage duties, [54];
opposes any title for President, [66];
urges low salaries in consequence of embarrassed finances, [122];

brings in a bill for compensation of members and officers, [129];
on the right of instructions, [144];
on the admission of foreigners, [188];
one year too short a term for naturalization, [189], [190];
opposes the commitment of the Quaker memorial, [202];
Pennsylvania memorial unconstitutional, [208];
further remarks, [229];
on memorial of officers of navy, [240];
on a seat of Government, [243];
further remarks, [246];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [270].
Burges, Dempsey, Representative from North Carolina, [604].
Burr, Aaron, Senator from New York, [309], [441], [520], [591];
vote for, as Vice-President in 1793, [386];
on resolutions relative to presentation of French flag, [601].
Butler, Pierce, Senator from South Carolina, [15], [168], [251], [309], [380], [442], [591];
on answer to the President's speech, [594];
on consideration of resolution relative to presentation of French flag, [598];
on resolution relative to presentation of French flag, [599].
C
Cabell, Samuel J., Representative from Virginia, [604].
Cabot, George, Senator from Massachusetts, [309], [380], [441], [520], [591].
Cadwalader, Lambert, Representative from New Jersey, [22], 175, [255], [455], [528];
on a committee to report a bill regulating oaths, [22].
Candles, Tallow, duty on proposed, [34];
adopted, [35].
Carnes, Thomas P., Representative from Georgia, [455], [527];
on continental troops on frontiers, [518];
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, [550];
on the right to Indian lands within a State, [579];
on intruders on Indian lands, [587];
offers amendment to resolution relative to intruders on Indian lands, [589].
Carroll, Charles, Senator from Maryland, [10], [254], [303];
added to Judiciary Committee, [10];
on committee to prepare an answer to Washington's inaugural, [12];
reports on President's Message relative to the ratification of certain treaties, [20];
urges decision relative to duty on molasses, [70], [71];
on the amendment to the constitution relative to freedom of conscience, [137];
on Fort Cumberland as a seat of Government, [159];
further remarks, [160], [164];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [269].
Carroll, Daniel, Representative from Maryland, [22], [175].
Census of the Union, debate on, [181];
in order to know the various interests of the United States, the description of the several classes into which the community was divided should be accurately known, [181];
census should comprise more than a mere enumeration of the inhabitants, [181];
the progress of each interest thus shown, [181];
motion that the marshal receive of every white male inhabitant over twenty-one
years of age five cents, and for every male slave of like age three cents, as his compensation, [182];
an equitable tax, [182];
motion lost, [182];
bill read a third time, [184].
Charitable objects, appropriations by Congress for, see French Refugees, [462].
Chaplains, manner of electing, Senate committee on, [10];
resolution of the House on, [168].
Christie, Gabriel, Representative from Maryland, [437], [527], [604];
on the President's Speech, [537];
on the Randall bribery case, [610].
Circular, addressed to absent member at the first session of Senate, [9].
Citizenship, during absence, see contested election of William Smith, [96].
City Hall, New York, use of, tendered to Congress, [10];
accepted, [10].
Civil List for 1796, note, [629].
Claiborne, Thomas, Representative from Virginia, [457], [527], [608];
on the reduction of salaries, [571], [575].
Clark, Abraham, Representative from New Jersey, [316], [388], [455];
on the ratio of representation, [326];
on election of President, [334];
on attendance of Secretary of War, [391];
on the reduction of the army, [405];
further remarks, [407];
on the French emigrants from St. Domingo, [462];
on the relief of do., [474];
on the commerce of the United States, [472];
on the preparations for the Algerine War, [475];
on the embargo, [500];
urges postponement of indemnity resolutions, [504];
asks what taxes are paid by back settlers, [506];
opposes duties on manufactured tobacco and refined sugar, [507].
Claxton, Thomas, elected assistant doorkeeper of House, [22], [315].
Clinton, George, votes for as Vice President in 1789, [10];
vote for as Vice President in 1793, [386].
Clopton, John, Representative from Virginia, [604].
Clymer, George, Representative from Pennsylvania, [22], [175], [255];
engages in the discussion on laying duties on imports, [27];
advocates protection of unwrought steel, [35];
on state of paper mills in Pennsylvania, [41];
sustains the power of the President to remove certain officers, [89];
opposed to title for President, [68];
opposed to incorporating amendments in the body of the constitution, [134];
on the right of instruction, [139];
on the location of the seat of Government on the Susquehanna, [151].
Coal, duty fixed, [42], [113].
Cobb, David, Representative from Massachusetts, [455], [527].
Cocke, William, Senator from Tennessee, [602].
Cod Fisheries.—A bill for the encouragement of the bank and cod fisheries, and for the regulation and government of the fishermen employed therein, considered, [350];
motion to strike out first section, [350];
principle of the bill doubted, a bounty on occupations, [350];
no powers given to Congress for such a purpose, [350];
the revenue to be employed in this bounty is to be drawn from all the sources of revenue, [350];
an authority given to any government to exercise such a principle would lead to tyranny, [350];
bad policy to encourage an occupation that would diminish rather than increase the aggregate wealth, [351];
the bill does not contain that kind of encouragement essential to national defence, [351];
the part of the national defence derived from the fisheries would be too costly, [351];
to show the propriety of the measure, it should be demonstrated that the trade is in a state of decay, &c., [351];
that there is a system of defence involved, &c., [351].
The fisheries are confined to Massachusetts, which is a part of the Union, [351];
they are a nursery of hardy seamen, a never failing source of protection to commerce, [351];
more annoyance to the enemy from privateers, in the war, than from any other source, [351];
all desired by the bill is to avoid the burden of duties, [352];
the drawback on exported fish benefits the merchant, not the fishermen, [352];
this bill pays the same money to the fishermen, [352];
no bounty in the case, [352];
it is only a drawback on the salt used on the fish, [352];
the fishermen are now under no control, [352];
bounty given only to those who conform to regulations, [352];
constitution says no duty shall be laid on exports, [352];
on exporting dried fish, the exporter is entitled to draw back the duty paid on the salt—this is the whole question, [352];
defects of drawback law shown, [352];
bill defended on three grounds, [353];
it will increase the national wealth, [353];
it affords naval protection in time of war, [353];
character of the fishermen, [353];
product of the fisheries, [354];
anticipated increase in exports, [354];
advantages now derived by the Government, [355];
mode of paying the bounty explained, [355];
not a dollar will be charged to the public, [355];
other points considered, [356];
justice only is asked, [356];
it is not a bounty, [356];
we ask that the drawback, in all instances, shall be equal to the money received, [356];
the allowance proposed will not be greater than the drawback on exportation, [356];
if it were a bounty, it would only be similar to the indulgence granted the land and agricultural interests, [357];
how can Massachusetts contribute for protection to the Western frontier when no contribution is made to support her commerce, which, without it, will be ruined? 357;
diminution of revenue shown, in consequence of the failure of the fisheries, [357].
The money to be given will exceed the drawback, [358];
this surplus is a bounty, and Congress has no power to grant bounties, [358];
two or three provisions of the constitution to the point, [358];
what will follow the doctrine of bounties, [358];
guards in the constitution against the dangerous bias of interest which the doctrine of bounties subverts, [358];
the objects of the bounty mark a dangerous innovation, [359];
it is better to increase the drawback, a plan comprehending the useful parts of the bill without the objections, [359].
Nothing of a bounty except the name in the bill, [360];
the object of the bill is to encourage fishermen and thereby increase their numbers, and to govern them by certain laws by which they will be kept under due restraint, [360];
these points considered, [360];
the bill proposes to commute the drawback on the exportation of fish to a payment on the tonnage—thus no bounty, [361];
the bill contemplates no more than what the merchant is entitled to by existing laws, [361];
the powers of the Government must, in various cases, extend to granting bounties, [361].
A material distinction here between an allowance as a mere commutation and modification of a drawback, and an allowance in the nature of a real and positive bounty, [362];
the term bounty improper here, and does not express the sense of the bill, [362];
some think Congress may do any thing they may think conducive to the "general welfare" 362;
this term examined at some length, [362];
consequences of the novel idea advanced, [363];
the power of Congress, if established to this latitude, would subvert the Government, [363];
is it worthy the attention of the Government that the cod fisheries should be preserved? 363;
privilege carefully secured in the treaty with Great Britain, [363];
products obtained in exchange for fish are dutiable, [364].
Congress does not possess the power, [364];
arguments for the bounty examined at length, [365];
perhaps the State Legislature should give the bounty, [365];
framers of the constitution guarded against partial preferences extremely, [366];
is it politic and wise to exert this power even if it be authorized by the constitution? 366;
an examination of terms used, [368];
distinction between bounties and drawbacks, [368];
arguments drawn from the term "general welfare" dangerous, [368];
general welfare and particular welfare, [368];
the inherent rights of the Government, [369];
passage of the bill, [369].
Coffee, duty on, [33].
Coffin, Peleg, Jr., Representative from Massachusetts, [456], [528].
Coit, Joshua, Representative from Connecticut, [457], [527], [604];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [687];
on the execution of the British treaty, [731];
on the admission of Tennessee, [757].
Coles, Isaac, Representative from Virginia, [23], [175], [456], [604].
Commerce of United States.—Report of Secretary of State on the privileges, and restrictions on the commerce of the United States in foreign countries, considered, [458];
note on, [458];
proceedings previous to the adoption of the constitution, [458];
duty to see if such measures could not be taken as would be promotive of those objects for which the Government was in a great measure instituted, [458];
effects of such a movement, [458];
numerous considerations advanced, [459];
line to which the debate should be confined, [464];
Great Britain and France, the two powers aimed at in the restrictions proposed, [464];
an accurate and impartial comparison of the commercial systems of the two countries in reference to the United States; the test of the solidity of these propositions, [464];
results of the comparison, [464].
Should any thing be done at this time in the way of commercial regulations towards vindicating and advancing our national interests? 465;
Navigation Act of Great Britain, [465];
to allow trade to regulate itself, is not to be admitted as a maxim universally sound, [465];
history of American policy, [466];
trade between the United States and Great Britain, considered, [466].
We should not regard the favoring of the French and British nation, but study to do that which would tend to the promotion of our own commerce and the interest of our own navigation, [467];
which would suffer most, the United States or Great Britain? 467;
three fourths of our revenue is derived from our commerce with Great Britain, [467];
our intercourse with Great Britain, excepting some points, is as favorable as we can expect, [468];
a judicious system of regulations would be of infinite advantage to the maritime interest of this country, [468];
principles in regard to trade, [468];
the subject is divided into navigation and manufactures, [469];
navigation considered, [469];
benefits derived from the consumption of European manufactures, [470];
on the trade between America and Great Britain, [471];
fixed principles and regulations by which to promote our commerce, [472];
question considered in a political light, [472];
the question postponed, [473].
Promoting Commerce by the increase of American seamen; moved that a committee be appointed to report bills for, [395];
injury and insult arising from having British seamen, [395];
cases of search and seizure stated, [396];
conduct of Great Britain, [396];
Government should take steps to secure abundance of American seamen, [396];
motion adopted, [396].
Committee.—Senate, 1st Congress; on judiciary, [10];
on rules in cases of conference, [10];
on manner of electing chaplains, [10];
on arrangements for receiving President, [10];
to wait on Vice President, [11];
on conducting the ceremonial of receiving the President, [11];
to prepare an answer to Washington's Inaugural, [12];
of House to report a bill regulating oaths, [22];
of House to receive President, [37];
to receive Vice President, [37];
on supplies ordered, [46];
appointed, [46];
on disposition of papers in the office of late Secretary of United States, [46];
on the answer to Washington's Inaugural, [46];
on supplies; instructions to, [57];
of Conference with Senate on disagreement relative to title of President, [69];
to draft bills organizing Executive Departments, [94];
to draft bills on pay of members, [126];
on the establishment of a land office, [127];
on enrolled bills, [129];
to bring in bills relative to a seat of Government, [164];
of Senate to draft an address to the President, [169];
of Senate to bring in a bill additional to the Judiciary Act, [170];
on unfinished business of last session, [170];
of House on unfinished business of the last session, [171];
to wait upon the President, [175];
to prepare an address to the President, [178];
of Senate to draft an answer to the President's address, third session, first Congress, [253];
standing, appointed by the Speaker, [315];
on rules, [315];
to prepare an answer to the President's address, [316].
Compensation of the President, &c.—Report of a committee on the compensation of President, Vice President, Senators, and Representatives considered, [116];
in what style is the President expected to live? 116;
is five thousand dollars in proportion to the services of the Vice President? 116;
members should know the rate at which they are paid in order to regulate their expenses, [116];
the pay of the President should be granted as one sum, [117];
under the constitution, he can receive no other emolument, [117];
the provision in the report for paying the expenses of enumerated articles, house, furniture, clerks, horses, does not leave the President in the situation contemplated by the constitution, [117];
furniture and plate should always be provided by Government, [117];
report perfectly constitutional; if one thing can be allowed, another can be, [117];
the constitution intends nothing but a fixed compensation for his services, [117];
compensation should be according to services, and the President allowed to live as he pleased, [118];
there should be proper dignity attached to the office, [118]; motion to strike out enumerated articles, horses, &c., carried, [118];
motion to strike out twenty and insert thirty thousand dollars, [118];
do. divided, first carried, [118]; various sums proposed, [119];
if we knew the style in which the President should live, amount of pay would be easy to determine, [119];
experiment only can tell, [119];
$25,000 sufficient to test it, [119]; various sums farther considered, [120];
$25,000 adopted, [120].
Compensation of Vice President considered, [120];
$5,000 per annum in quarterly payments reported, [120];
nothing in the constitution gives him a right to a salary, [120];
moved to strike out $5,000 in order to allow salary when he acts as President, and daily pay for services in the Senate, [120];
$5,000 is out of proportion to $25,000, [120];
it should be a perpetual salary as he is expected to remain at the seat of Government, and be ready in case of death of the President, [120];
a compensation is to be made only for services rendered, [120];
Lieutenant Governors of States, [120];
services required of Vice President, [121];
advantages of the position, [121];
constitution silent on the subject, [121];
therefore left to the Legislature to determine, [121];
pay according to services does not hold good in Executive and Judiciary Departments, [121];
the post not a sinecure, [121];
no more entitled to an allowance than the other members of the Legislature are, [122];
shall the Vice President receive a per diem or an annual salary? the constitution should serve as the ground by which to determine, [122];
all motions lost and original proposition agreed to, [123].
Pay of Senators and Representatives considered, [123];
six dollars per day and for every twenty miles proposed, [123];
six per day for Senators and five for Representatives moved, [123];
a distinction made in the constitution, [123];
discrimination opposed, [123];
discrimination urged on the ground of different qualifications and mode of election, [123];
difference not perceived in the constitution, [124];
discrimination evidently contemplated in the constitution, [124];
unless adopted, proper Senators may not be obtained, [124];
no difference in Legislative concerns, [124];
arguments in favor of discrimination considered, [124];
do. 125;
distinction marked in many points, [125];
a discrimination may eventually be a public injury, [126];
a measure injurious to the Government, [126];
motion lost, [126];
bill for compensation, &c., [129];
moved to strike out six dollars as pay of members, [129];
objects of the mover, [130];
six dollars too high, [130];
present course is contrary to all Parliamentary proceeding, [130];
motion to strike out lost, [131];
bill reported to the House, and moved to strike out six dollars, and insert five, [131];
six too high, [131];
consider the principles upon which the President, Judges and members are to be paid, [131];
necessary to secure an independent Legislature, [132];
five high enough, [132];
insinuations of improper and unworthy motives in the movers, [133];
motion lost, [133].
Annual salary proposed of $1,000 for members of the House, [635];
present mode good—no alteration necessary, [635];
members be induced to greater despatch in business, [635];
public think the session unreasonably protracted, [635];
annual salary causes neglect of business, [635];
a salary, a bounty to neglect business, [635];
a measure affords no advantage, [636];
many suppose the bill to cover advance pay—yearly allowance not shorten sessions, [636];
further consideration advanced, [636];
motion to strike out the word annual passed, [637];
motion to strike out greater allowance to the Speaker, [638];
debated at length, [638];
motion lost, [639].
Congress.—Day of meeting, [9];
note, [46];
proposition to adjourn first session, [16];
adjournment of first session, [20];
compensation of members, [116];
debate on, [116];
pay of members, [123];
debate on discrimination in pay of members of two Houses, [123];
compensation of members and officers, [129];
debate on amount of pay, [129];

first session, adjournment of, [167];
second session, day of meeting, [168];
members of, when term of office commenced, [171];
second session, [175];
first, third session, [251];
first, closed, [308];
second, first session, [309];
second, first session closed, [379];
second session commenced, [388];
third, first session, [455];
third, second session, [520];
adjournment, second session of third Congress, [591];
fourth, first session, [592].
Connecticut.—Vote for President, [10], [385].
Constitution.—Amendment of, proposed by Virginia, [47];
how treated by the House, [48];
debate on the mode of, [133];
on the freedom of conscience, [137];
right of instruction, [138];
debate on, [138];
vote on, [144];
all amendments, in one report, [144];
constitution, amendments of; see Amendment of the constitution.
Contee, Benjamin, Representative from Maryland, [89], [175].
Contested Elections.—Debate on the resolution that William Smith, member of the House, had been seven years a resident of the United States at the time of his election, [94]; statement of Mr. Smith, [94];
was Mr. Smith a citizen of South Carolina during his absence in Europe? 97;
if the laws of the State decided him to be, that should settle the question, [97];
is the gentleman eligible to a seat in the House, or has he been seven years in the United States? 97;
qualities of a citizen and an alien, [97];
to become a citizen, allegiance is first due to the whole nation, [98];
what was the situation of the people of America when the dissolution of their allegiance took place? 98;
views of Mr. Madison, [98];
opposite views of Mr. Jackson, [99];
vote admitting Mr. Smith, [99].
Ineligibility of Albert Gallatin to a seat in the Senate, considered, [448];
on the petition of Conrad Earle, reported that it remains with Mr. G. to prove his citizenship, [448];
facts stated, [448];
who shall open the prosecution and conclude the arguments? 449;
Mr. G. was an inhabitant of the United States before the peace of 1783, [449];
all previous laws respecting aliens were done away, [449];
he conceived himself a citizen from the time of his first qualifying, [449].
Qualifications required in Virginia and Massachusetts, [449];
mischievous consequences of permitting such innovations, [449];
the doctrine of the old law still virtually in force, [449];
other objections considered, [450];
reply of Mr. Gallatin, [450], [451], [452];
vote of the Senate, [452].
Cooper, William, Representative from New York, [604].
Cotton, its introduction into South Carolina contemplated, [37].
Count de Grasse, Memorial of heirs of, [582].
Crabb, Jeremiah, Representative from Maryland, [624].
Creek Nation.—Secret article of treaty with, [173].
Crown on the State House at New Haven, [563].
D
Dalton, Tristram, Senator from Massachusetts, [10], [168], [251];
on committee for conducting reception of President, [11].
Dawson, William J., Representative from North Carolina, [455], [527].
Dayton, Jonathan, Representative from New Jersey, [316], [388], [455], [527], [604];
in favor of the attendance of the Secretary of War, [391];
on discharging committee on defeat of St. Clair, [395];
on reduction of the army, [400];
acknowledges thanks of the House, [440];
on the sequestration of British debts, [483];
against continuing the embargo, [500];
moves to refer indemnity resolution to committee on sequestration of British debts, [503];
advocates his motion, [503];
in favor of the bill to increase the army, [515];
on admitting the delegate south of the Ohio, [529];
on administering the oath to the delegate south of the Ohio, [531];
on the President's speech, [535];
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, [547], [548];
on Pennsylvania insurgents, [552];
on amending naturalization laws, [555];
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, [568];
on the purchase of Indian lands, [583];
elected Speaker, [604];
do. speech, [604];
on establishing Indian trading-houses, [624];
on the pay of the Speaker, [638];
on the execution of the British Treaty, [748];
on the admission of Tennessee, [754], [755];
on the military and naval appropriation, [764], [765].
Dearborn, Henry, Representative from Massachusetts, [455], [527], [664];
on thanks to General Wayne, [546];
on the sense of the House relative to the British treaty, [750], [751];
on the admission of Tennessee, [755].
Debate, on duties and imports, [37], [41], [57], [58];
on permanent seat of government, [145];
on amendments of the Senate to House bill fixing seat of government, [165];
on call of the House, [176];
on manner in which Secretary of the Treasury shall make a report, [177];
on answer to President's speech, [178];
on admission of reporters, [180];
on census of United States, [181];
on report of Secretary of the Treasury, [182];
on the naturalization laws, [184];
on the assumption of State debts, [191];
on the reception of the address of the Friends urging the discontinuance of the slave trade, [202];
publication of, [377];
on a military establishment, [390];
on the defeat of St. Clair, [391], [393];
on the reduction of the army, [398];
on official conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, [418];
on the pay of soldiers, [459];
on the commerce of the United States, [464];
on the war with Algiers, [475];
on sequestration of British debts, [483];
on non-intercourse with Great Britain, [493];
on the embargo, [499];
on indemnity for spoliations, [503];
on tobacco and sugar duties, [507], [599], [511];
on the delegate south of the Ohio, [529];
on answer to President's speech, [531];
on Pennsylvania insurgents, [547];
on naturalization bill, [555];
on reduction of salaries, [571];
on Thomas Pearson and others, [576];
on Indian lands in Georgia, [586];
on the address to the President, [605];
Robert Randall bribery case, [609];
on appropriations, [625];
on Treaty with Great Britain, [639];
on admission of Tennessee, [754].
Debt of the States, note, [140];
assumption of, [191].
Delaware, vote for President, [10], [385].
Delegates from Territories.—Report on the credentials of James White, Representative of the territory south of the Ohio, [528];
unconstitutional to permit the delegate to debate and not to vote, [528];
the law says he shall be a member of Congress—one House is not Congress, hence the delegate may vote in both Houses, [528];
constitution makes no provision for such a person, [528];
his proper title is to a seat in the Senate, [529];
the House can admit those whom it regards as lawfully entitled to a seat, [529];
by whom was he to be paid? 529;
expedient to admit the delegate, [529];
the House has the right to consult or admit any one to debate, but not to vote, [529];
an act of the whole legislature requisite for the introduction of a delegate, [529];
an act of the legislature impracticable, [529];
he has a right to a seat founded on an original compact, [530];
amendment proposed, [530];
the constitution admits no such character, [530];
report of the committee, [530];
moved that the delegate be required to take an oath, [531];
the constitution requires only members and the clerk to take an oath, [531];
improper to demand an oath of a delegate as he cannot vote, [531];
motion lost, [531].
Dent, George, Representative from Maryland, [455], [527], [604].
Departments, executive, debate on, [85];
of interior, organization of, proposed as a home department, [85];
of State, organization of, proposed, [85];
resolved, [86];
of treasury, organization of proposed, [85];
of war, organization of, proposed, [85];
of the treasury, organization of, proposed, [90];
debate, [90];
three commissioners of treasury voted down, [94];
executive, resolution on, [94];
do. committee on, [94];
of State, on removal of the Secretary by the President, [102];
of war, [108];
do. bill ordered to be engrossed, [109];
of the treasury, debate on duties of the Secretary, [109];
home, [127];
proposition lost, [128];
see Executive departments.
Dexter, Samuel, Jr., Representative from Massachusetts, [457], [528];
on the French emigrants from St. Domingo, [463];
against continuing the embargo, [500];
opposes reference of the indemnity resolutions to committee on sequestration of British debts, [505];
on admitting the delegate south of the Ohio, [529], [530];
on the President's speech, [532], [535], [538];
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, [550], [551], [553];
on amending naturalization laws, [556];
on the exclusion of titled foreigners from citizenship, [557].
Dickinson, Philemon, Senator from New Jersey, [251], [309], [380].
Discrimination, in public creditors, see Treasury, report of Secretary.
Distilled spirits, debate on drawback, [43];
duty on, proposed, [28], [29];
duty on, [113];
see Duties on imports.
Drawbacks, see Duties on imports.
Dudley, Gifford, elected doorkeeper of House, [22], [315].
Duties ad valorem, laid, [41], [43];
collection of, bill reported, [57];
on imports, bill laying the same considered, [15];
subject brought before the House by Mr. Madison, [22];
scale adopted in 1783, [23];
debate on, in committee, [23], [33], [44];
effect of high duties on smuggling, [44];
debate thereon, [69], [73];
debate on limiting the time of the bill, [77];
amendment proposed, [81];
withdrawn, [83];
another moved, [84];
bearing of the debate upon protection, note, [84].
Duties on Imports.—Debate on, [22];
importance of the subject, [22];
deficiency of the Treasury, [22];
the propositions by Congress in 1783, suitable for a basis, [23];
heretofore approved by the States, [23];
tonnage duties added, [23];
necessity of the measure, [23];
motion to fill the blanks of rate of duty as proposed by Congress in 1783, [23];
filling the blanks should be postponed until the business is more mature, [23];
immediate filling not necessary, [23];
the proposition considered in a revenue light alone, [24];
system of the plan proposed, [24];
its simplicity, [24];
something more than a temporary measure should be adopted, [24];
list of articles on which duties should be levied proposed, [24];
a single system embracing the most material and productive articles is best at present—a plan comprising all is a work of time and leisure, [25];
to establish a permanent regulation now is most satisfactory to the public, [25];
five per cent. on all imports excepting a few articles enumerated for specific duty proposed in 1783—the history of the ancient world shows protection to domestic manufactures, [25];
the fostering hand of the General Government should extend to all manufactures of national utility, [25];
any system of imports must be founded on mutual concession, [26];
the means of encouraging agriculture should be considered, [26];
of this we have the monopoly, [26];
commerce, labor and industry, should be free, with some exceptions—every nation should have means of defence within itself, [26];
imposts the easiest system of revenue, [26];
but in what manner shall it be done? 26;
specific duties on enumerated articles desirable, [26];
a political necessity exists for encouraging manufactures, and raising a revenue, [27];
what articles shall be taxed, what amount of money will each yield, and in what manner shall it be collected? 27;
these questions should be the subjects of two bills, [27];
in laying duties where the quantum is unascertainable, they should be low rather than high, [27].
Rum.—Fifteen cents per gallon proposed, [27];
fifteen too high, ten moved, [27];
committee not prepared to enter on the business in the accurate manner proposed, [27];
encouragement to manufactures in their present feeble state would be a tax on the public for the benefit of a few, [27];
what article shall be subject to specific, and what to ad valorem, duties, and on what principle shall the discrimination be made? 28;
if the main object is revenue, consider when a duty is laid how far it is likely to be collected, [28];
fifteen cents per gallon on rum may tempt smuggling, [28];
it is one third the cost, [28];
the highest sum can be collected, [28];
revenue is the present object, and rum is the most productive article, [28];
what shall be the duty on one article must be determined by the circumstances of the article, [29];
yet fifteen cents on rum may lead to evasion of the law, [29];
fifteen cents adopted, [29];
drawback on rum exported, of six cents, [49];
lead to frauds on the revenue, [43];
no drawback will be a great injury to the manufacture, [43];
drawbacks will not operate to the disadvantage of the revenue, [43];
if not allowed it will be a restraint on commerce, [43];
particularly unjust if not allowed on rum, [43];
this was an encouragement to commerce, and should not be combined in a bill encouraging manufactures, [43];
drawbacks generally, [45];
duty on rum, [65];
motion to reduce lost, [65].
Bill repealing duties heretofore laid on distilled spirits imported from abroad, and laying others in their stead, and also upon spirits distilled within the United States, considered, [262];
an excise law to be reprobated, [263];
unequal in its operation, [262], [263];
history of excises in England, [263];
compliment to importers on promptness in paying duties, [263];
bill hostile to the liberties of the people, [263];
present revenue and demands compared, [263];
tendency to promote smuggling, [263];
mode of raising additional revenue disliked, [263];
motion to strike out duties specified in order to insert duties on molasses, [264];
of all excises that on ardent spirits least exceptionable, [264];
direct taxation preferable, [264];
no other mode can be adopted, [264];
other sources of revenue might be explored, [264];
smuggling be promoted, [264];
deficiency exists—money must be raised—direct taxation impracticable, [264];
operation of an excise in North Carolina, [265];
an equal and just mode of taxation, [265];
good sense of the people support it, [265];
no more proper subject for revenue, [265];
direct taxes opposed, [266];
difference from the English bill, [266];
excises constitutional, [266];
people of Southern States cheerfully acquiesce in the wisdom of Legislature, [266];
probable revenue of the year, [267];
an amendment moved to prevent inspectors, &c., from interfering in elections, &c., [270];
the amendment should be extended to every person, [270];
proposition important, [271];
bad policy to render the law odious by fixing a stigma on the officers to execute it, [271];
propriety of the motion, [271];
motion does not go far enough, [271];
reasons for the amendment, [271];
objections to the amendment, [271];
amendment lost, [272];
bill passed, [272].
Molasses.—Shall we tax spirits or the article from which it comes, [29];
better collect on the importation of molasses, [29];
eight cents is in proportion to the tax on rum, [29];
this is a raw material important to manufactures in Eastern States, a necessary of life—the tax, a local burden—two cents high enough, [29];
a principle of action should be adopted, [29];
if molasses is taxed high because the duty on spirits is high, a necessary of life is burdened, [29];
this rate of duty is unequal, [30];
it will bring sudden ruin on the manufacturers of domestic spirits, [30];
if a particular duty bears hard on one member of the Union, it is part only of a system bearing equally upon all, [30];
is this duty ruinous to Massachusetts? 30;
let a drawback of this duty be paid on all rum exported, [30];
eight cents is more than a third of the cost of molasses, and higher than the duty on rum, [31];
six cents is more equitable; this principle now fixed would carry them through the whole, [31];
fixed at six cents, [31];
if a reduction is made on other articles, there should be one on molasses, [69];
the duty is not rated in proportion to other articles; the reduction must depend on the article itself, [69];
should so rate as to make the States bear their due proportion of the aggregate, [69];
every article should stand on its own bottom, [70];
this duty is out of proportion, and too high to be collected, [70];
it is a tax on a raw material and on an article of consumption, [70];
the necessity of a drawback on country rum is incurred, [70];
without the molasses trade the fishery cannot be carried on, [70];
experience is against high duties on molasses, [70];
fish are given in exchange for French molasses in the colonies; if the exportation of molasses is impeded so is that of fish, [71];
the arguments of the advocates of a reduced duty, [71];
six cents changed to five, [73].
Madeira Wine.—Thirty cents proposed, as it corresponds with the rate per cent. on the value—a principle now admitted, [31];
fifty cents proposed, as the article is not a necessary of life, and it is desirable to raise all the revenue from imports, [31];
fifty cents prohibitory, [31];
the duty should be according to the relative value of the article at the time and place of importation, [32];
cost of wine estimated, [32];
thirty-three cents substituted, [32];
discrimination on all other wine, [32];
discrimination not proper at this time, [33].
Sugar, put on same footing as molasses, [33].
Beer, ale, and porter.—This manufacture should be encouraged, [33];
nine cents moved, [33];
the duty should be so high as to give preference to American beer, [33];
a low tax will raise money enough, [33];
nine cents prohibitory, [33];
prohibition will increase the manufacture and reduce the price—encourage raw material, [34];
eight cents fixed, [34].
Candles.—Moved to strike out, [34];
it is necessary to continue encouragements begun by the State Governments, [34];
a small encouragement would place the article beyond competition, [35];
if there was much importation of the article, it should be taxed for the sake of revenue, [35].
Steel, unwrought.—Any duty on, unwise and impolitic, [35];
more deserving of a bounty, [35];
a little encouragement would furnish abundance, [35];
encouragement of the object of selecting the article, [85];
the smallest tax on steel would be a burden upon agriculture, an interest most deserving of protection, [35];
condition of South Carolina, [35];
local considerations must be got rid of, [35];
what operates to the benefit of one part in establishing useful institutions will operate finally to the advantage of all, [36];
sixty-six cents a heavy duty on agriculture and mechanic arts, [36];
fixed at fifty-six, [36].
Hemp and Cordage.—Policy of taxing cordage doubtful, [36];
ship-building of national interest, [36];

duty on hemp moved also, [36];
if one is necessary, so is the other, [36];
soil of the country ill adapted to hemp, [36];
a duty on it would discourage navigation, trade and fisheries, [36];
policy of taxing either doubtful, [36];
Southern States calculated to raise hemp—protection to husbandry important as to manufactures, [36];
distinction between taxing manufactures and raw material, [36];
no amount of duty could give encouragement, if present price failed to do it, [36];
frontier lands excellent for its growth, [36];
the committee should do as much for the farmer as the artisan, [36];
American lands will produce it equal to any in the world, [37];
a small duty would turn public attention to it, [37];
agriculture should be encouraged, but not at the expense of ship-building, [37];
forty cents moved, [37];
encouraging the settlement of western lands will encourage ship-building more than a bounty on hemp, [37];
a low duty will encourage its growth in South Carolina and Georgia, [37];
if hemp left out, cordage should be also, [38];
a low duty at first, [38];
fifty cents fixed, [38];
immediate encouragement contended for, [54].
Nails, spikes, &c.—This is a tax on the improvement of estates, [38];
like a tax on hemp, would increase the price of ship-building, [38];
an unequal tax, [38];
in a little time the home supply would equal the demand, [38];
needs no legislative assistance, [38];
refusing the duty will do no material injury, [38];
one cent per pound fixed, [38].
Salt, a necessary of life, [38];
present price high, [38];
much to be depended on as a source of revenue, [39];
this tax heavier on the poor than on the rich, [39];
no encouragement would be sufficient to establish its manufacture, [39];
this tax unpopular and unjust, [39];
it will cause much dissatisfaction with the new Government, [39];
dissatisfaction will be only partial, [40];
the tax not unequal, [40];
taxes, to be just, should affect all, as this will, [40];
the good sense and justice of the people to be trusted, [40];
to be considered on the principle of justice and policy, [40];
it falls on all alike, is part of a system, [40];
any distinction is in favor of the Southern division, [40];
if oppressive to the West, the equilibrium is restored by other articles in the system of revenue, [40];
no law unjust and oppressive should be made, [41];
such the duty on salt will be considered, [41];
fixed at six cents, with a drawback on salted provisions, [41].
Teas, a discriminating duty in favor of American bottoms proposed, [41];
a large trade now sprung up with the East, [42];
policy of the measure doubtful, [42];
its object is not to add to the revenue, [42];
long voyages unfriendly to commerce, [42];
the only advantage is to raise the India commerce, [42];
large amounts of American produce were exported in this trade, [42];
it would afford protection against the large companies in Europe, [42];
duty fixed as proposed, [42].
Coal.—Coal came from Europe as ballast so cheap as to prevent the working of the mines in Virginia, [42];
three cents fixed, [42].
Scale of duties, motion to reduce as too high, [44];
the scale will be found not too high, [44];
certainly too high to be well collected, especially in Georgia, [44];
greater revenue can be obtained from a lower scale, [44];
high duties produce smuggling, [44];
high duties now will lead to smuggling, and oppress certain citizens and States for the benefit of others, [57];
high duties raise a scruple respecting the allowance of a drawback, [58];
high duties improper, because they are impolitic, [59];
Southern States willing to consent to moderate duties, and give every encouragement possible, but not consent to great oppression, [59];
are the duties too high or not? 59;
what are the objects of Government—revenue one of the first? 60;
if the revenue system falls with oppressive weight, it will shake the foundations of the Government, [60];
what we may reasonably expect to collect is the point to be considered, [60];
the chain of ideas upon which the whole subject is suspended, [60];
all the money should be drawn from impost which can be, [60];
rate of the duties, [60];
if the scale is reduced, the amount of revenue will be insufficient, [61];
direct taxation and excises are the only other means of resource, [61];
experience of the old Congress and the increase of our importations show the scale to be too high, [61];
the objects for which the money is needed are most important, [62];
direct taxes are the alternative of lowering the scale, [62];
every article stands as well as possible under the information possessed, [62];
the arguments of the advocates of low duties considered, [62];
this system compared in amount with that of Great Britain, [63];
arguments of the advocates of high duties considered, [63];
a host of revenue officers required to collect high duties would leave little for the treasury, [64];
America has vessels well adapted for smuggling, [64];
effects of high duties on the mercantile interest, [64];
the impost will be well collected, [64];
whatever is just and right the people will judge of and comply with, [65];
if revenue is our primary object and other considerations secondary, we should do nothing to operate against the principle, [65];
object of the committee is to raise revenue, [65].
African Slaves.—Duty on their importation moved, [73];
not to be hastily considered, [73];
impost bill on goods not proper to embrace this subject, [73];
the motion should comprehend the white slave as well as black imported from the jails of Europe, [74];
no right to consider whether the importation is proper or not, as the constitution gives the power, [74];
the principle of the bill is to raise revenue, the principle of the motion is to correct a moral evil, [74];
the whole burden falls on two or three States, which bear their full proportion of other taxes, [74];
imposing a duty on the importation may have the appearance of countenancing it, [74];
if negroes are goods, they come within the provisions of the bill—if not, the bill would be inconsistent, [74];
the motion should be brought forward as a distinct proposition, [74];
now is a proper time and place to consider the motion, [75];
the object of enumerating persons on paper with goods is to prevent the practice of treating them as such by having them form part of cargoes of goods, [75];
the tax not partial—in many instances such taxes are laid, [75];
arguments of the opponents considered, [75];
no difference whether left among enumerated or non-enumerated articles, [76];
would a five per cent, ad valorem on goods apply to slaves unless so stated, [76];
the States were now prevented from continuing their duty on the importation, [76];
motion withdrawn, [76].
Limitation clause as to the time of continuing the impost bill moved, [77];
propriety doubted, [77];
difficulty of fixing a suitable time, [77];
this is an experiment, and should be limited to three or five years, [77];
if the law is temporary, the people will not object to high duties, [77];
the object of the bill is the re-establishment of public credit, a motion limiting it strikes at that credit, [77];
to pass a bill to draw revenue from the people without limitation of time appeared dangerous, [77];
it was not only to restore credit, but encourage certain people to engage in enterprises for which the public faith seemed to be pledged, [77];
if made perpetual, the House could not alter it unless the President or a majority of the Senate approved, [78];
the House is constitutionally the originator of money bills, [78];
impossible to provide for the objects of the bill if it is limited to a few years, [78];
a future Congress may repeal it, [78];
great care was necessary to preserve the principle of raising money inviolate, [78];
there are great demands on the treasury, and no documents to show what they are or what the revenue bill will produce, [79];
danger of making the bill perpetual is the loss of power to originate money bills, and the extending the revenue above the demands of Government, [79];
a temporary limitation would inspire confidence, [79];
a perpetual one for interest alone would destroy all hope of payment of the principal, and shock credit, [79];
nothing but a fixed, permanent, system can give security, [79];
public credit will not admit a temporary act, [80];
a measure of this kind necessary to reconcile members to different parts of the bill, [80];
if the law is made perpetual, it will collect money in the public coffers after the debt is paid, [80];
the Senate more likely than the House to misunderstand the public voice—the latter should preserve power of redress, [81];
examination of reasons for making the law perpetual, [81];
no law should be passed without a limitation, [83];
no opportunity to amend errors if the law is made perpetual, [83];
the system should be permanent if the law is not perpetual, [83];
no revenue law with a limitation can probably be found on the English statute books, [83];
motion withdrawn, and another substituted fixing a day for the termination of the act, unless otherwise provided, &c., [84];
latter part struck out, [84]; motion passed, [84];
first day of June, 1796, fixed, [84].
Duties as agreed in conference with the Senate, [113];
bill for laying additional duties considered, [506];
three cents additional on salt opposed as oppressive, [506];
it is better than a land tax, [506];
no tax could be so universally unpopular as this, [506];
rejected, [506];
other duties considered, [506];
one and a half cents additional laid on coal, [506].
Manufactured Tobacco and Refined Sugar, duty on, considered, [507];
these articles incapable of bearing a burden, [507];
of the nature of an excise, and the money can be raised either way, [507];
if the bill is thrown out, then farewell to firm and determined measures, [507];
objections to an excise, [507];
the principle of excise is settled, [507];
reasons in favor of the duty, [507];
delay urged, [509];
money needed, [509];
a considerable deficiency, [509];
imports reduced by capture of American shipping, [509];
a general increased import would not effect the object, [509];
if peace continues, the revenue may be adequate—if war comes, it will be deficient, [510];
better to postpone the subject, [510];
motion to reject the bill lost, [511];
amended so as to confine the duty to manufactured snuff, [511];
moved to strike out duty on refined sugars, [511];
now in its infancy, [512];
state of the trade—objections to the duty considered, [512];
motion to strike out lost, [512].
Duties on Tonnage.—Debate in Committee of the Whole, [48];
objects of tonnage duties, [48];
motion to reduce from thirty to twenty cents, [48];
the objects accomplished, [48];
Southern products cannot bear high duties, [48];
reasons for the reduction insufficient, [49];
if we have various, we have not opposite interests, [49];
no feeling of jealousy or rivalry exists, [49];
encouragement of navigation indispensably necessary, [49];
the price of freight will equalize itself, [49];
regulation in favor of American shipping absolutely necessary to restore equality with foreigners, [50];
Southern States indignant at the power which foreigners have over their commerce, [50];
they look forward to the day when their navigation will be secured to the Eastern States, [50];
under present circumstances a heavy tonnage duty will be attended with dangerous consequences at the South, [50];
the principle of preference being fixed, it only remains to ascertain the proper degree, [50];
a moderate duty should be allowed now, [50];
but little difference in the capacity of the several States for ship-building, [50];
this encouragement will diffuse and equalize its operation in every port, [50];
proposition to lay a duty of fifty cents per ton on all vessels wholly or in parts, owned by subjects of foreign powers, [53];
motion to reduce to forty until 1791; then increase it to seventy-five cents, [53];
State duties are higher, and, if now reduced, will cause distress, [54];
if sufficient encouragement is given now, our navigation will probably immediately flourish, [54];
doubtful policy now to reduce and then increase duty at the end of two years, [54];
ship-building now needs the greatest encouragement, owing to its present low state, [54];
different course pursued by the members from Massachusetts and Pennsylvania, [54];
people of the Southern States in debt, and have no shipping, and are unable to sustain any new burdens, [55];
the difference in views does not arise from the geographical situation of the country, [55];
the States expect Congress to protect their citizens in the property acquired under State legislation, [55];
forty cents not too low, [54];
many years must elapse before we have sufficient tonnage to export our commodities, [55];
the business is now in the hands of foreigners, and a duty will cause a rise of freight by them, [55];
is fifty cents too high? 55;
a permanent regulation best, [55];
British shipping now crowds the ports of Virginia, although the tonnage duty is twice as high, [56];
the question of discrimination has been decided, [56];
two years will not produce sufficient shipping—it will be improper to raise the duty then, [56];
a certain tonnage duty best, [56];
motion to reduce, and then raise in two years, lost, [57];
regulations as adopted, [57];
see Address of House to President, and page 257.
Duties, protective, on unwrought steel advocated, [35].
Duvall, George, Representative from Maryland, [604].
E
Earle, Samuel, Representative from South Carolina, [604].
Edwards, John, Senator from Kentucky, [380], [441], [520].
Elections, contested, [94];
case of Wm. Smith, [94];
do. note, [94].
Elections.—See Contested Elections.
Electors of President.—Bill in relation to election of President considered, [333];
longer time for the choice of Electors of President and Vice President, [333];
disagreeable consequences likely to follow a failure of choice, [333];
moved to strike out thirty days, [333];
if possible, the Electors should meet on the very day they are chosen, [333];
fourteen days would be a more proper time, [333];
it was hardly possible to know electors would agree in a choice—in such cases a short time might answer, [333];
motion negatived, [333].
Objections urged to the clause requiring Executives to certify the names of Electors, [333];
no person can be called on to discharge any duty for the U. S. who does not receive an appointment from the U. S., [333];
if Congress cannot call upon Executives, upon whom can they call? 334;
provision improper, [334];
on the contrary, it is neither an undue assumption nor degrading to the Executives, [334];
motion to strike out lost, [334].
Ellsworth, Oliver, Senator from Connecticut, [9], [168], [251], [313], [380], [441], [520], [591];
ordered to inform the House of a quorum in the Senate, &c., [9];
appointed on Committee on Rules, in case of conference, first Congress—on electing Chaplain, [10];
appointed on Judiciary Committee, first Congress, [10];
on committee on titles of President and Vice President, [13];
delivered message from the Senate to the House, [22];
report upon the commencement of the term of office of President, &c., [171];
on answer to President's speech, [596];
on consideration of resolutions relative to presentation of French flag, [598];
on resolutions relative to presentation of French flag, [599], [600].
Elmer, Jonathan, Senator from New Jersey, [9], [151], [170].
Embargo.—See Great Britain, retaliatory measures upon.
Emigration, Proclamation of Spanish Governor of Illinois Posts, [114];
encouragement of, [114].
Estimates of Money necessary for 1794, [480].
Excise Laws, Debate, [263].
See "Duties on Imports" under head of Distilled Spirits;
memorial on the, [328].
Excise.—See Duties on Imports, manufactured tobacco, [507].
Executive Departments.—Resolution respecting, [85];
debate thereon, [85]; how many departments shall be established? 85;
three moved, [85];
founded upon the constitutional division of these powers, [85];
Home Department should be added, [85];
previous motion withdrawn, [85];
new motion to establish a Department of Foreign Affairs, one of the
Treasury, one of War, [86];
Department of Foreign Affairs agreed to, [86].
Mode of appointing the officer, [86];
motion to strike out "by the President with the advice of the Senate," as unnecessary, [86];
no serious reason against their insertion, [86];
the power of appointing is the gift of the Legislature, as the Secretary is an inferior officer, [86];
the words only repeat those in the constitution, [86]; words struck out by a vote, [86].
Power of Removal in the President doubted, [86];
impeachment the only mode, [86];
what the consequences of such an interpretation, [86];
absolutely necessary the President should have the power of removal, [87];
if an officer can be removed only by impeachment, he holds his office during good behavior, [87];
it does not consist with the nature of things that impeachment should be the only mode of removal, [87];
the power given to the Senate respecting appointments would be almost nugatory if the President had the power of removal, [87];
if the House had the power of removal by the constitution, they could not give it out of their hands, [87];
not a proper construction of the constitution to say impeachment is the only mode of removal, [87];
a legislative construction of this part of the constitution necessary, [88];
in all cases the party who appointed should judge of the removal, unless otherwise excepted, [88];
a liberal construction should be given to the constitution, [88];
the President should be made as responsible as possible for the conduct of his officers, [88];
how the constitution provides for the appointment of public officers, [89];
the power which appointed had the right of removal—shall it be given to the President alone? 89;
the power of removal exists somewhere, and where? 89;
it is an executive power, and belongs to the President, [89];
the power declared to be in the President by a large majority, [90].
Department of Foreign Affairs, in Committee of the Whole on the bill to establish a, [102];
on the words, "To be removable from office by the President of the United States," [102];
debate, [102];
the power of appointing and dismissing united in their natures, [102];
motion to strike out the words, [102];
the declaration should not be made even if the President has the power, [102];
no right to deprive the Senate of their constitutional prerogative, [102];
we are declaring a power in the President which may be greatly abused, [103];
the constitution the only guide; as it is silent, Congress should say nothing about it, [103];
the nature of things; the express objects of the constitution require this power in the President as the most suitable person, and it must be conferred upon him by the constitution as the executive officer of the Government, [104];
safer in the hands of the President than elsewhere, [104];
if this power is not in the President, it is not vested anywhere, [105];
this construction preserves to the department the full exercise of its powers, [105];
the precedent of the individual States, [106];
may arrive at something near certainty by attending to the leading principles of the constitution, [106];
examination of the constitution, [107];
motion to strike out decided in the negative, [108];
passage of the bill, [108];
same clause attached to the bill organizing Department of War, [108].
Treasury Department.—Debate, [90];
shall this important department be in the hands of a single officer or in a Board of Commissioners? 90;
duties to be assigned to the Secretary, [90];
a Board of Treasury would conduct the business of finance with greater security and satisfaction than a single officer, [92];
experience shows a Board of Treasury is the worst of all institutions, [92];
experience with a single individual, [92];
not so much system, energy, or responsibility in a Board as in a single officer, [93];
with, a single officer there is safety, if the various business of the department is divided and modified, [93];
with a Board more power is given to each individual than is proposed to give to a Secretary, [93];
shall the department be under one or more officers is the question; what does experience show? 93;
motion in favor of a Board lost, [94].
The words in bill to "digest and report plans for the improvement and management of the revenue and the support of public credit," objected to, [109];
Debate thereon, [109];
to require the Secretary to make out and prepare estimates is sufficient—any thing farther is a dangerous innovation upon the constitutional privilege of the House, [109];
to report plans will abridge the privileges of the House, [109];
the bill will be nugatory without this clause, [109];
it cannot infringe the privileges of the House, [109];
from the nature of his office, the Secretary will be better acquainted than any other person, [110];
the constitution expressly delegates to us the business of revenue—if we blindly follow an unskilful minister, our constituents have no security, [110];
the power of originating money bills here is a sacred deposit, [110];
we may neither violate it nor divest ourselves of it, [110];
the circumstances of the country are such that the House needs the aid of such an individual, [111];
too great jealousy for liberty hurtful, [111];
the clause is unsafe and inconsistent with the constitution, [111];
the object of the clause is good, viz: to get information, but the Secretary should not possess a right to give it, [111];
what is this officer to be responsible for, to entitle him to such powers? 112;
difficult to see where the danger lies, [112];
what is meant by responsibility? 112;
something of the kind is required in the bill, [112];
motion to strike out lost, [113].
Home Department moved, [127];
duties of it proposed, [127];
necessity of it not apparent, [127];
duties may be distributed to other departments, [127];
they have not been so distributed, [127];
foreign to the other officers, [128];
economy forbids it, [128];
motion to establish lost, [128].
Reception of a Letter from the Head of Department.—Motion to refer a message of the President laying before Congress a copy of a letter from the Secretary of War, &c., [566];
objected to, as showing too much deference to heads of departments, [566];
the President had a right to send the communication and the subject of utmost importance, [567];
it is an executive comment on a Legislative proceeding, [567];
a defence of a measure adopted by the Senate condemned by implication another of the House, [567];

no good reason to reject information because we had not asked for it, [567];
reference to the constitution, [567];
such jealousy needless, [567];
objections unfounded, [567];
letter of Secretary extremely improper and ill-judged, [567];
former practice, [568];
passage from the letter, [568];
the idea of a dangerous precedent at hand, [568];
report unworthy of the notice of the House, [569];
the amendment wrong in principle and practice, [569];
farther consideration of the subject, [570];
amendment negatived, [571].
F
Few, William, Senator from Georgia, [9], [168], [251], [309], [380];
on committee of arrangements for reception of President, [10];
appointed on Judiciary Committee, 1st Congress, [10].
Findlay, William, Representative from Pennsylvania, [317], [389], [455], [532], [606];
on the ratio of representation, [324];
on the petition of Catharine Greene, [336];
on discharging committee in case of St. Clair, [395];
on the reduction of the army, [408];
further remarks, [414];
on the official conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, [424];
objects to additional duty on salt, [506];
on intruders on Indian lands, [585];
on a salary for members of Congress, [636];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [668].
Fishbourn, Benjamin, nomination as naval officer at Savannah rejected by the Senate, [17].
Fitch, John, petition for protection of his rights in applying steam power to purposes of navigation, [73].
Fitzsimons, Thomas, Representative from Pennsylvania, [22], [175], [255], [315], [388], [455], [527];
remarks on duties on imports—offers an amendment fixing certain duties on certain articles, [24];
on duty on molasses, [29], [30], [31];
on duty on Madeira wine, [31];
on duty on teas, [32];
on sugar, [33];
on duty on beer, &c., [33];
do. on candles, [34];
advocates do. on unwrought steel, [35];
on duty on hemp, [36];
do. on nails, [38];
motion relative to duty on teas, [41];
proposes drawback on distilled spirits, [43];
proposes drawbacks on foreign goods exported, [43];
opposes low tonnage duties, [54];
explanation of his remarks relative to duty on molasses, [69];
on the time for continuing in force the impost bill, [77];
further remarks, [84];
on the finances, [128];
offers resolution for the appointment of commissioners to select site for a seat of government, &c., [159];
presents the address of Friends in Pennsylvania, &c., against the African slave trade, note, [201];
on Treasury returns, [263];
against attendance of Secretary of War, [391];
on the reduction of the army, [400]; on official conduct of Secretary of Treasury, [426];
on the pay of soldiers, [460];
on the French emigrants from St. Domingo, [463];
on the commerce of the United States, [468];
on the preparations for the Algerine war, [478];
against the embargo laws, [499];
defends the tax on coal, [506];
on duty on sugar, [513];
on an increase of the army, [515];
amendment relative to the President's speech, [533], [537];
on intruders on Indian lands, [585].
French Flag.—Resolutions relating thereto, considered in the Senate, [597];
moved to postpone consideration, [597];
it might convey a distrust of the sense of the Senate on the Republic, [598];
no difference of feeling in the Senate on the subject, but more time was desirable, [598];
moved to strike out certain words, [598];
the parts of the President's communication, [598];
the subject was divided into two parts, [599];
other points considered, [599];
the Senate should express their own sentiments, [599];
former practice, [600];
other cases considered, [600];
no difference, except in a matter of form, [600];
further considerations, [601];
motion carried, [601];
presentation to the House, [615];
do. description of, [615].
Flag of the United States.—A bill from the Senate to alter the flag of the United States, considered, [461];
if it is altered from thirteen to fifteen stripes because Vermont and Kentucky have been added, it may be necessary to alter it for a hundred years, [461];
very important not to offend the new States, [461];
the whole idea ridiculous, [461];
important to inform the rest of the world that two States were added, [461];
the alteration would cost every vessel in the Union sixty dollars, [462];
bill ordered to third reading, [462].
Floyd, William, Representative from New York, [27], [175], [255].
Foreign Intercourse.—See Intercourse.
Forrest, Uriah, Representative from Maryland, [458];
on the commerce of the United States, [467].
Foster, Abiel, Representative from New Hampshire, [137], [175], [255], [604].
Foster, Dwight, Representative from Massachusetts, [527], [604];
on the execution of the British treaty, [734].
Foster, Theodore, Senator from Rhode Island, [309], [380], [444], [520], [591].
France, Advance of Money to.—The report relative to an advance of money requested by the Minister of the French Republic, considered, [514];
American citizens have claims for indemnification, why use the money to pay to France before it is due, [514];
the cause of France and this country inseparably connected, [514];
they are our old allies, [514];
the loan in Europe was obtained for the defence of this country—it would be imprudence to apply it to any other purpose, [514];
no ground for a plea of necessity for giving this money, [514];
no good reason for disposing of this money in this way, [514];
complaints have arisen of want of money in the Treasury since that has been proposed, [517]; bill
amended and passed, [517].
France.—Letter of French King, [313];
resolutions on courtesies of, [370].
Franking Privileges.—See Post Office Bill.
Franklin, Benjamin, death announced to the House, [239];
eulogy on, in France, sent to Senate, [253].
Franklin, Jesse, Representative from North Carolina, [604].
Freedom of Conscience.—Amendment to the constitution, debate on, [137].
Freeman, Nathaniel, Jr., Representative from Mass., [604];
on the answer to the President's speech, [606].
Frelinghuysen, Frederick, Senator from New Jersey, [524], [591].
French Committee of Public Safety, address of, [616].
French Minister's address to the President on the presentation of the Flag of the French Republic, [616].
French Refugees.—The petition of the committee appointed by the Legislature of Maryland to draw and distribute the money appropriated by that State to the French refugees, considered, [462];
three thousand fugitives from St. Domingo had been at once landed, [462];
what article of the constitution grants a right to Congress to expend on benevolent objects the money of their constituents? 462;
a dangerous precedent would be established, [462];
generosity of the English Parliament in 1755, [462];
perhaps some other mode can be devised, [462];
as much authority for relieving these fugitives as for indemnifying citizens for losses by British pirates, [462];
the two cases widely different, [463];
no difficulty in this matter, we are bound by the law of nature and of nations to relieve the citizens of a Republic who were our allies, and formerly our benefactors, [463];
look at our treatment of the Indian embassies, [463];
delay was desirable in this matter, [463];
its legality is doubtful, [463];
an appeal to our humanity is out of place, [463];
petition for the speedy action of Congress on the memorial, [474];
moved to pay $10,000 and negotiate the matter with the French Minister, [474];
House has a right to, [474];
passage of the motion warmly urged, [474];
not to be tied up by the constitution in such a case, [474];
it should be done as an act of charity, [475];
motion passed, [475].
Frontiers, Protection of.—Bill for further and more effectual provision for the protection of the frontiers, considered, [341];
moved to strike out the section for raising three regiments of infantry and a squadron of dragoons, [341];
the Indian war is unjust and unwise, [341];
the general treatment of the Indians unwise and impolitic, [341];
note, [341];
peace may be obtained at less expense than is necessary for war, [342];
the roving disposition of frontier settlers should be checked, [342];
no hope of success while Britain retains possession of the posts, [342];
should be content to defend the frontier and not invade, [342];
frontier militia better than regular troops, [342];
even to secure the objects in view no such increase in the military establishment necessary, [343];
the troops to be employed should be raised at once, [343];
information on the report not implicitly reliable, [343];
frontier militia the best troops, [343];
the expense a serious matter at this time, [343];
is not the object of this movement to raise a standing regular military force? 344;
no one knows for what reason the war has been carried on three years, [344];
it is said a sum might be appropriated to enable the executive to act as circumstances require, but it is the duty of the House to appropriate money for specific purposes, [344].
We could have had the British posts if an embargo had been laid, [344];
no man who regards self-preservation can doubt the justice of the war, [344];
the murders and depredations of years call for redress, [344];
the whites have seldom committed depredations, [345];
peace is utterly unattainable by friendly efforts in the present state of affairs, [345];
frequent attempts at treaties have been made, but in vain, [345];
Indians have rejected our offers and added insults, [345];
it is too late to inquire into the justice of the war, [345];
a force must be raised, and the question is what the force shall be, [346];
the number proposed is not extravagant if the number of the Indians is considered, [346];
every reason to expect a most formidable opposition, [346];
the objection of increased expense is vain compared with an unsuccessful campaign, [346];
the experience of Virginia and Kentucky offers no inducement to the government to follow any other plan than the one proposed, [347];
militia quickly disband or become insubordinate from slight causes, [347];
Cornplanter's speech referred to, [347];
galleries cleared and speech confidentially read, [347];
note, Cornplanter's speech, [347];
subject originally referred to the Secretary of the Treasury, [348];
consequences of that reference, [348];
clauses of the bill, [348];
what reflection arises from a contemplation of this bill, [349];
motion to strike out, lost, [349];
bill passed, [350].
South-western Frontier, to protect more effectually, bill considered, [517];
when all other schemes have been voted down for raising a military force, it appears in this form, [517];
regular troops useless in this service, [517];
this no part of a system, [517];
Indians are fifteen thousand strong, [517];
a body of militia only is wanted, [517];
this bill proposes a bounty for raising a particular corps, while the army needs all to fill its deficiencies, [518];
Indians eight thousand strong, [518]; posts do more mischief than service, [518];
experience of years, [518];
amendment lost, [518].
Fugitives from justice.—Bill of Senate, [384], [385];
bill passed Senate, [416];
read in the House, &c., [417];
passed, [417];
note, [417].
G
Gale, George, Representative from Maryland, [21], [175];
on duty on beer, &c., [33].
Gallatin, Albert, Senator from Pennsylvania, [386], [441];
proves citizenship, [448], [450], [452];
Representative from Pennsylvania, [604];
on the support of existing establishments, [626], [628];
on the call for papers relative to British treaty, [640];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [644];
on the execution of the British treaty, [735];
on the admission of Tennessee, [757], [759];
on the military and naval appropriation, [763], [764], [765], [766].
Georgia, vote for President, [10], [385].
General Wayne, resolutions of thanks to, considered, [542];
bad consequences might ensue from the practice of giving opinions of men, [542];
abundance of precedents, [543];
it must be shown that it is improper in any case to pass such a vote, or that this is an improper case, [543];
the resolution proper and unexceptionable, [544];
this point considered, [544];
it is simply a question of mere propriety, [545];
this propriety considered, [545];
resolutions adopted, [546].
General welfare, clause examined and explained, [362].
Gerry, Elbridge, Representative from Massachusetts, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388];
appointed on Committee of Supplies, [46];
on application to amend the constitution, [48];
doubts the power of Congress to require oaths of State officers, [51];
reports a bill for the collection of duties, [57];
on effects of high duties, [64];
asks further investigations relative to duty on molasses, [72];
urges limitation of the impost bill, [78];
further remarks, [80];
doubts the power of the President to remove heads of departments, [89];
on organization of Treasury Department, [90];
called to order, [91];
note on, [91];
on Board of Treasury, [92];
on President's power of removal, [106];
on identity of reporting plans and originating money bills, [111];
on the finances, [128];
on the amount of pay of members of Congress, [131], [132];
on the form of amending the constitution, [135];
on the terms federalist and anti-federalist, [138];
on the right and obligation of instruction, [139], [142], [143];
urges delay in fixing seat of Government, [166];
on manner in which Secretary of the Treasury shall make his report, [177];
on the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, [183];
on the humanity of the Quaker memorial, [204];
upon constitutionality of interference of Congress with slave trade, [211];
on a seat of Government, [245];
further remarks, [247];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [269];
on interference of excise officers in elections, [271];
on the commitment of the bill for a bank of the U.S., [273];
speech on the bank, [300]; on the ratio of representation, [320];
further remarks, [327];
does a resignation produce a vacancy, [329];
offers a resolution on reports of Secretary of Treasury, [330];
on vacancy of Presidency, [335];
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, [356];
on the publication of the debates, [377];
on attendance of Secretary of War, [392];
on discharging committee on defeat of St. Clair, [394], [395].
Gilbert, Ezekiel, Representative from New York, [455], [527], [604];
on a salary for members of Congress, [636].
Giles, William B. Representative from Virginia, [255], [315], [388], [455], [528], [604];
on excise bill, [266];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [270];
speech on the Bank of the U.S., [296];
on the ratio of representation, [324];
is a resignation a constitutional vacancy, [328];
on vacancy of Presidency, [334];
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, [350];
on the stamp of American coin, [372];
on the apportionment bill, [374];
against attendance of Secretary of War, [391];
on attendance of Secretary of War, [392];
on discharging committee on defeat of St. Clair, [393], [394];
on the official conduct of the Secretary of Treasury, [425];
further remarks, [427];
on the flag of the Union, [461];
on the French emigrants from St. Domingo, [463];
on conducting the Algerine War, [477], [480];
examination of principles relative to the sequestration of British debts, [486];
against the continuance of the embargo, [500];
on modifying it, [502];
urges postponement of indemnity resolutions, [505];
against increase of the army, [515];
on the advance of money to France, [516];
on the bill to raise a force for the protection of the frontier, [517];
on admitting the delegate south of the Ohio, [529];
on the President's speech, [533], [538];
reports a bill on soldier's pay, [541];
on the resolutions of thanks to Gen. Wayne, [542], [544];
on the investigation of losses by Pennsylvania insurgents, [553];
on an amendment to the Naturalization laws, [555];
on excluding titled foreigners from citizenship, [557], [558], [560], [563];
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, [567], [569];
on the reduction of salaries, [575];
on the frontier settlers, [587];
on the answer to the President's speech, [606];
on the attempt at bribery, by Robert Randall, [610];
on the resolution relative to bribery, [622];
on the support of existing establishments, [628];
on establishing Indian trading houses, [634];
on a salary for members of Congress, [635];
on the pay of the Speaker, [638], [639];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [653];
on the execution of the British treaty, [718];
on the army establishment, [760].
Gillespie, James, Representative from North Carolina, [459], [536];
on the right to Indian lands within a State, [576].
Gillon, Alexander, Representative from South Carolina, [498];
in favor of continuing the embargo, [501];
opposes the tax on salt, [506];
against duties on tobacco and sugar, [510];
on the advance of money to France, [514], [516];
on force to protect the S. W. frontier, [517];
deceased, [582].
Gilman, Nicholas, Representative from New Hampshire, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388], [455], [527], [604];
on a committee to report a bill regulating oaths, [22].
Glass, window and other, duty fixed, [41].
Glenn, Henry, Representative from New York, [455], [527].
Goodhue, Benjamin, Representative from Massachusetts, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388], [455], [527], [604];

on duty on molasses, [29], [31];
on duty on salt beef, [34];
on manufacture of nails, &c., [38];
on duty on teas, [42];
on giving preference to American shipping, [50];
the object to raise revenue, [65];
opposes deliberation on subject of President's title, [67];
thinks duties too high for collection, excepting that on molasses, [69];
on connection of molasses trade with the fisheries, [71];
on concurrence of the Senate in appointments, [88];
on location of the seat of Government, [145];
further remarks, [148], [149], [160];
on ratio of representation, [322];
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, [351];
further remarks, [360];
on the flag of the Union, [461];
on the commerce of the United States, [472];
on the preparations for the Algerine war, [479];
moves to refer indemnity resolutions to Committee of the Whole, [503];
opposed to referring indemnity resolutions to committee on sequestration of British debts, [503], [504];
urges delay in laying duties on tobacco and sugar, [509];
on a salary for members of Congress, [635];
on the pay of the Speaker, [638];
on the execution of the British treaty, [717].
Goodrich, Chauncey, Representative from Connecticut, [604].
Gordon, James, Representative from New York, [315], [388], [455], [527].
Grayson, William, Representative from Virginia, [15].
Great Britain, Treaty with.—See Treaty, &c.
Great Britain, Retaliatory Measures upon.—Sequestration of debts due to, considered, [482];
considering the conduct of Great Britain sequestration, merely, is a great lenity, [483];
no hope of the restitution of our property plundered on the seas—no possibility of indemnification, [483];
no other method by which to enforce our claims, [483];
it would be warrantable to sequester without negotiation, [483];
with these resolutions, we may have peace—without them we shall have war, [483];
not for the interest of the United States at this time, [484];
the proposition is to arrest, not confiscate debts due to British subjects, [484];
law of nations considered, [484];
by this measure we make their motives for peace more weighty, and show our amicable disposition, [484];
various points considered, [485];
two points involved—the right of one nation to sequester the property of another in any possible case, and the policy of exercising this right at this time, [486];
these points considered, [486], [487], [488], [489], [490], [491], [492].
Non-intercourse with Great Britain, considered, [493];
moved to prohibit all commercial intercourse between citizens of the United States and subjects of Great Britain, as respects articles of the growth or manufacture of Great Britain, [493];
the line of conduct that should be pursued, [493];
this measure, a war measure, [493];
no representation of our injuries has been made, [494];
how far does cool, temperate reflection direct our conduct? 494;
constitutional considerations, [495];
answers to them, [495];
admitting the constitutionality and the right of the committee to originate the measure, and the aggression of Great Britain; are these principles sufficient to justify so harsh a measure?. 496;
resolutions adopted, [498].
Embargo, continuation of, considered, [498];
reason for its adoption ceased, [499];
numerous inconveniences have arisen from the measure, [499];
British conduct now altered, [499];
should not be revoked until a change of system by the British Government warrants it, [499];
if it continues, the value of our imports will rise one hundred per cent., [500];
France will suffer considerably if it is continued, [500];
the other measures of the system have been laid aside and this should be, [500];
although the reasons for it have not changed, it should be discontinued, as it will now operate against ourselves and our allies, [500];
farmers suffer from the present restraints, [500];
letter from the merchants of Charleston, [500];
various considerations for its continuance, [501];
the reason for the embargo, [501];
reason for its continuance, [501];
resolution for its continuance lost, [502].
Indemnity for Spoliations considered, [503];
resolution that the United States indemnify her citizens for property captured and confiscated by Great Britain, &c., [503];
moved that the resolution be referred to the Committee of the Whole, [503];
moved to amend by referring it to the committee to whom was referred the resolution for the sequestration of British debts, [503];
objected that the subject was distinct and separate, [503];
urged that the two subjects ought not to be separated, [503];
wrong to bring up this motion alone, [503];
only course of indemnity was by sequestration, [503];
security and protection should be extended to all interests, and redress for all injuries, [504];
if present negotiations fail, we owe it to our citizens to obtain redress, [504];
the reference moved is not fair for various reasons, [504];
a tax should be laid to effect indemnity to our citizens, [504];
the subject should be laid aside for the present, [505];
there are strong reasons for indemnity, and also against connecting it with sequestration, [505];
amendment agreed to, [505].
Green, Ashbel, chosen Chaplain, [388].
Greene, Catharine, Petition of widow, to obtain an indemnification from United States against certain engagements of General Greene, undertaken while commanding officer of U. S. army, [335];
recommendation of Secretary of Treasury, [335];
pressing necessity compelled General Greene to become surety, for which indemnity is now claimed, [336];
the claim is just, [336];
a resolution moved, [336];
three alternatives were left to the committee, [336];
claim should be granted by special law as matter of right, [336];
circumstances connected with the evacuation of Charleston, [337];
how to distinguish between the articles necessary and the other goods, [337];
danger of establishing a bad precedent considered, [338];
the measure not proper or just, [338];
contract not beneficial to the United States, [338];
character and circumstances of General Greene, [339];
of the manner of conducting the affairs in South Carolina, [339];
points of contest before the committee, [340];
those points considered, [340];
further debate, [340];
resolution negatived, [340];
further resolution relative to the report of Secretary of the Treasury, [340];
resolutions on indemnity, [370];
do. passage, [375];
petition for indemnity against the demands of Harris & Blatchford considered, [761];
report of committee, [761];
resolution referred to Committee on Claims, [762];
facts, [762].
Greenup, Christopher, Representative from Kentucky, [455], [527], [609];
on the flag of the Union, [461];
on intruders on Indian lands, [585].
Gregg, Andrew, Representative from Pennsylvania, [317], [397], [455], [528], [609];
on the sense of the House relative to the British treaty, [751].
Griffin, Samuel, Representative from Virginia, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388], [457], [527];
on committee for reception of President, [27].
Griswold, Roger, Representative from Connecticut, [604];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [647];
on the execution of the British treaty, [735].
Grout, Jonathan, Representative from Massachusetts, [46], [175], [255].
Grove, William Barry, Representative from North Carolina, [317], [393], [458], [528], [604].
Gunn, James, Senator from Georgia, [10], [254], [313], [448], [524], [591].
H
Hampton, Wade, Representative from South Carolina, [608].
Hancock, George, Representative from Virginia, [457], [527], [604].
Hancock, John, votes for, as Vice President, in 1789, [10].
Harper, Robert G., Representative from South Carolina, [582], [604];
on difficulties with the Indians, [588];
on the answer to the President's speech, [607];
on the Randall bribery case, [611];
on a stenographer for the House, [631];
on establishing Indian trading-houses, [634];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [643];
on the sense of the House relative to the British treaty, [752].
Harrison, Carter B., Representative from Virginia, [455], [528], [604].
Harrison, Robert H., votes for, as Vice President, [10].
Hartley, Thomas, Representative from Pennsylvania, [21], [175], [260], [309], [455], [527], [606];
speech on laying duties on imports, [25];
on duties of the Secretary of the Treasury, [111];
on the form of amending the constitution, [136];
on the right of instruction, [138];
on location of the seat of Government, [146];
further remarks, [148];
on the propriety of naturalization laws, [185];
urges residence as a condition of naturalization, [186];
further remarks, [190];
on the Quaker memorial, [202];
calls up memorial of Pennsylvania Society, [208];
further remarks, [229];
on discrimination among the public creditors, [219];
moves report on memorial of officers of the navy, [239];
do. remarks on, [239];
on a seat of Government, [246];
on the petition of Catharine Greene, [339];
on the reduction of the army, [399];
further remarks, [403];
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, [550], [551];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [647].
Hathorn, John, Representative from New York, [43], [175], [260], [608].
Havens, Jonathan N., Representative from New York, [604].
Hawkins, Benjamin, Senator from North Carolina, [170], [251], [309], [380], [441], [520].
Heath, John, Representative from Virginia, [455], [527], [604];
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, [549];
on the execution of the British treaty, [719].
Heister, Daniel, Representative from Pennsylvania, [21], [175], [255], [315], [458], [528], [604];
appointed by the House to make list of votes for President as they are counted in the Senate, [22];
advocates encouragement to growth of hemp by duty, [37];
appointed on committee to draft bill on tonnage duties, [57];
moves to select Harrisburg for the seat of Government, [151].
Hemp, debate on duty on, [36], [37];
do. fixed, [38].
Henderson, Thomas, Representative from New Jersey, [606].
Henry, John, Senator from Maryland, [10], [168], [254], [312], [382], [523], [591].
Hillhouse, James, Representative from Connecticut, [315], [389], [456], [527], [604];
on the ratio of representation, [327];
on vacancy of Presidency, [335];
on the reduction of the army, [414];
on official conduct of Secretary of Treasury, [429];
on the advance of money to France, [514];
on the President's speech, [532], [540];
on thanks to General Wayne, [542];
on damages by Pennsylvania insurgents, [547], [554];
on the admission of foreigners to citizenship, [560];
on the resolutions relative to intruders on Indian lands, [585];
on the resolution relative to bribery, [622];
on a salary for members of Congress. 635;
on the pay of the Speaker, [638];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [690];
on the execution of the British treaty, [721];
on the sense of the House relative to the British treaty, [751].
Hindman, William, Representative from Maryland, [457], [527], [604].
Holland, John, Representative from North Carolina, [604];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [661];
on the execution of the British treaty, [730].
Holten, Samuel, Representative from Massachusetts, [455], [527].
House, elects Frederick A. Muhlenberg Speaker, [9];
of Representatives, meets in Senate Chamber to count electoral votes, [10];
meets Senate to count electoral votes, [22];
proceedings relative to Washington's inaugural, [46];
answer to same, [47], [53];
thanks presented to the Speaker, [90];
conference with the Senate on the impost bill, [113];
results of, [113];
adjournment of, [167];
journal of, title of, [176];
answer to President's speech, [178];
answer to President's address at 3d session, 1st Congress, [259];
answer to President's message, [316];
answer to the President's message, [389];
answer to the President's address, [456];
answer of, to President's speech, [609];
answer to the President's speech, 2d session, 3d Congress, [541].
Huger, Daniel, Representative from South Carolina, [27], [175], [255], [315], [390].
Hunter, John, Representative from South Carolina, [457], [528];
on the relief of the French emigrants, [474].
Huntingdon, Samuel, votes for, as Vice President, [10].
Huntington, Benjamin, Representative from Connecticut, [21], [175], [255];
on application to amend the constitution, [48];
urges limitation of the impost bill, [79];
on the power of removal, [103];
on the amendment to the constitution relative to freedom of conscience, [137];
opposes easy terms of naturalization, [189];
on memorial of officers of navy, [240];
on a seat of Government, [242].
I
Imports.—See Duties on imports.
Indemnity, for spoliations.—See Great Britain.
Indian lands within a State, Rights over.—The claim of Thomas Person to certain lands on the frontier of North Carolina, and ceded by the United States Commissioners to the Indians, considered, [576];
note, [576];
the conduct of other States, [576];
the Government of the United States has converted property of the citizens of North Carolina, and they ask compensation, [576];
examination of authorities on the rights of the sovereign to take property, [576];
detail of the circumstances of the present dispute, [577];
the claim of North Carolina to sell the land was wrong, [578];
the cause of all the disputes with the Federal Government, [578];
have the United States taken away any claim which the purchasers of these lands had, [578];
suitable method to settle the matter, [578];
Indians never occupied the lands, [578];
on the limits of the States and the right to what was jointly acquired, [579];
North Carolina could grant only the pre-emption right, [579];
further details respecting the grants in North Carolina, [579];
these lands within the limits guaranteed by the articles of Confederation, [580];
further particulars, [580];
resolutions reported to the House, [582];
do. further reported, [583].
Indian lands disposed of by the Legislature of Georgia, considered, [583];
resolutions on the subject, [584];
they subject persons to martial law, [584];
amendment proposed, [584];
also that persons in pursuit of Indians should not be liable to the law, [584];
useless to expend money to protect the frontier if this permission is granted, [585];
better declare there shall be no frontier, [585];
no man could be arrested under this amendment, [585];
amendment carried in committee, [585];
reported to House, [586];
reasons for authorizing pursuit of Indians, [587];
importance of the amendment, [587];
further considerations, [588];
lost, [589].
Indians, Southern, treaty to be negotiated with, [18].
Indian Trading Houses, bill for establishing trading houses for supplying Indians considered, [585];
tends to conciliate an unhappy and distressed people, [585];
bill of utmost consequence, [586];
system of arrangements for the frontiers proposed, [586];
bill to establish trading post considered, [624];
amendments made, [624];
the object of the bill unattainable, [624];
it effects a change in our system, [625];
influence of the Canada traders, [625];
note, [625];
objects of the measure, [625];
bill put on its passage, [625];
principles of the bill considered, [634];
no opinion of governmental bargains, [634];
note, [634];
bill passed, [635].
Indian Tribes.—Message from the President on disputes between the same and some of the States, [16].
Instruction, right of debate on, [138].
Insurgents of Pennsylvania.—See Pennsylvania Insurgents.
Intercourse Foreign.—On the bill providing means of intercourse with foreign nations, [242];
moved to strike out thirty and insert forty thousand dollars, [242];
reasons urged in opposition, [242];
reasons urged in favor of the motion, [242];
motion adopted, [242].
Invalid Pensions, bill reported, [406].
Irvine, William, Representative from Pennsylvania, [455], [551].
Izard, Ralph, Senator from South Carolina, [10],168,251,309, [380], [441], [520];
on committee on future disposition of papers of late Secretary of Congress, [10];
added to Judiciary committee, [10];
on committee for conducting reception of President, [11];
on committee to wait on Vice President, [11].
J
Jackson, Geo., Representative from Virginia, [604].
Jackson, James, Representative from Georgia, [42], [175], [255];
remarks in favor of reducing duties, [44];
remarks on tonnage duties, [48];
on power of Congress to require oaths of State officers, [51];
objects to high duties on account of expense of their collection, [64];
temptation to smuggle, [64];
considers subject of title for President as trifling, [68];
urges postponement of consideration of duty on African slaves imported, [73];
further remarks, [74];
urges limitation to impost bill, [81];
on the power of the President to remove officers, [87];
remarks on citizenship and foreign allegiance, [98];
opposes discrimination in the pay of Senators and Representatives, [123];
further remarks, [126];

on the form of amending the constitution, [136];
on the rights of instruction, [139];
on location of a seat of Government, [149];
on amendments of the Senate to House bill on seat of Government, [165];
on subjects embraced in the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, [182];
further remarks, [183], [184];
on testimonials of behavior and conduct as requisites of naturalization, [187];
favors a progressive and probational naturalization, [189];
further remarks, [189];
a funded debt is an injury, [191];
further remarks, [195], [197], [199];
opposes a commitment of the Quaker memorial, [202];
on property of master in the slave, [209];
on discrimination among the public creditors, [216];
further remarks, [217];
on memorial of Officers of the Navy, [240];
on answer to the President's message, [256];
further remarks, [257];
on price of public lands, [261];
moves to strike out essential part of first clause of bill relating to duties on distilled spirits, [261];
remarks on, [261];
further remarks, [264],270,271,272;
on the commitment of the bill for Bank of the United States, [272];
speech on the Bank, [285];
petition on election and return of Anthony Wayne, [324];
Senator from Georgia, [445], [520].
Jacobs, Isaac, Representative from Pennsylvania, [389].
Jails of the States, resolutions on, [308].
Jay, John, votes for, as Vice President in 1789, [10].
Jefferson, Thomas, desires to return from France as Minister, [15];
votes for, as Vice President in 1793, [386].
Johns, Kinsey, claims a seat as Senator from Delaware—claim considered, [453];
rejected, [453].
Johnson, Wm. S., Senator from Connecticut, [9], [168], [254];
resigned, [309];
on committee on future disposition of papers of late Secretary of Congress, [10];
on committee of arrangements for reception of President, [10];
on committee to prepare answer to Washington's inaugural, [12];
on committee on titles of President and Vice President, [13].
Johnston, Samuel, Senator from North Carolina, [171], [251], [309], [383].
John Torrey.—Petition of, in Committee of the Whole on report of Secretary of Treasury, [317];
Congress promised half-pay to the officers who should continue in service to the end of the War.—Major Torrey continued in service till near end of 1783 and died, did he continue in service to the end of the war? 318;
peace concluded April, 1783, [318];
what was the intention of the parties in this contract? 318;
when did the war end? 318;
what does the law of nations say? 318;
distinction between preliminaries and a definite treaty by the law of nations, [318];
objections considered, [319];
the question does not turn on a judicial principle, [319];
certain established rules have been observed in settling with every officer, [320];
terms of contract decided by the sovereign power, [320];
motion for accepting report carried, [320].
Judiciary, Senate committee on, first Congress, [10].
K
Kentucky, memorial of a convention in, [253];
vote for President in 1793, [385].
Key, Philip, Representative from Maryland, [388].
King, Rufus, Senator from New York, [16], [168], [251], [312], [380], [444], [520], [591];
on answer to Presidents speech, [594].
Kitchell, Aaron, Representative from New Jersey, [316], [388], [455], [527], [604];
on the ratio of representation, [328];
on the execution of the British treaty, [734].
Kittera, John W., Representative from Pennsylvania, [323], [388], [455], [527], [604];
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, [569];
on the right to Indian lands within a State, [578];
on the execution of the British treaty, [729].
L
La Fayette, bill relative to the accounts of, [448];
son of, letter from, [740].
Lands, Western, disposal of, [99];
report of committee, [113];
plan of land office, [115].
See Public Lands.
Langdon, John, Senator from New Hampshire, [9], [168], [251], [309], [380], [441], [520], [590];
elected President of Senate, [9];
on committee of arrangements for reception of President, [10];
address to Vice President on his taking the chair, [11];
administers the oath to the Vice President according to law, [15];
elected President of Senate pro tem., in the absence of Vice President, and President pro tem., [380];
elected President pro tem. of Senate, [441].
Latimer, Henry, Representative from Delaware, [527].
Latimer, Hugh, Senator from Maryland, [524], [591].
Lawrence, John, Representative from New York, [22], [175], [255], [315], [388];
remarks on laying duties on imports as proposed, [24];
remarks on duty on distilled spirits, [38];
favors high duty on beer, [33];
do. duty on candles, [35];
advocates duty on salt, [39], [40];
on requiring oaths of State officers, [52];
favors permanent rate of tonnage duties, [55], [56];
on the object of duties, [65];
doubts the propriety of limiting the impost bill, [78];
on duties of Secretary of Treasury, [112];
on the compensation of the President, [116];
opposes furnishing houses, &c., [116];
on the form of amending the constitution, [135];
on the location of the seat of Government, [149];
on the manner of persuading members, [154];
on the constitutional requirements for a seat of Government, [160];
on the mode and reason for admitting foreigners to citizenship, [185];
further remarks, [187];
on the validity of the full amount of the debt, [195];
on effects of stopping importation of slaves, [202];
on Pennsylvania memorial, [209];
presents the address of Society of Friends in New York against the African slave trade, [211];
on discrimination of public creditors, [213];
on a seat of Government, [244];
further remarks, [247];
moves to strike out "Potomac," and insert Baltimore, [249];
on price of public lands, [261];
further remarks, [262];
on excise bill, [264];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [268];
on officers, [271];
on the commitment of the bill for a bank of the United States, [273];
speech on the bank, [284];
on claim of John Torrey, [317];
on ratio of representation, [320];
further remarks, [322];
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fishery, [361];
on attendance of Secretary of War, [391], [392];
on discharging committee on defeat of St. Clair, [394];
on official conduct of Secretary of Treasury, [426];
further remarks, [427].
Learned, Amasa, Representative from Connecticut, [315], [388], [455], [527].
Lee, Richard Bland, Representative from Virginia, [21], [175], [235], [317], [465], [527];
on duty on steel, [35];
on duty on nails, &c., [38];
makes report of Committee on Messages between the two Houses, [45];
favors a limited time for the impost bill to be in force, [77];
on citizenship during absence, [97];
favors discrimination in the pay of members of the two Houses of Congress, [123];
offers a resolution on the principles which should control the choice of a seat of Government, [146];
further remarks, [147];
vote, [147];
further remarks, [148];
do. on the Potomac, [153], [161];
in favor of New York for seat of Government, [163];
do. on amendments of the Senate to House bill on seat of Government, [165];
on a seat of Government, [243];
on official conduct of Secretary of Treasury, [429];
on harmony between the Eastern and Southern States, [560].
Lee, Richard Henry, Senator from Virginia, [9], [254];
on committee on rules in cases of conference, 1st Congress, [10];
do. on manner of electing chaplains, [10];
do. on rules of business, [10];
appointed on Judiciary Committee, 1st Congress, [10];
on committee for conducting reception of President, [11];
on committee on titles of President and Vice President, [13].
Leonard, George, Representative from Massachusetts, [21], [175], [250], [388], [604].
Lewis, ——, counsel for petitioners relative to seat of Albert Gallatin, [449];
speech of, [449], [452].
Liberty street, New York, name of, [563].
Lighthouses, &c., bill for the establishment of, passed, [129].
Lincoln, Benjamin, votes for, as Vice President, [10].
Linn, William, elected chaplain of the House, [46].
List of Persons employed in Treasury Department reported to the House, [406];
do. employed in War Department, reported to the House, [406].
Livermore, Samuel, Representative from New Hampshire, [46], [175], [255], [315], [388];
considers motion to lay duty on African slaves improper at that time, [74];
on the time of extending the impost bill, [77];
on the Executive Departments, [86];
on removals, [89];
on the power to remove officers, [107];
on the power of originating bills, [110];
on a salary for the President, [117];
on form of amending the constitution, [135];
motion relative to the amendment of the constitution touching freedom of conscience, [138];
on the doctrine of instruction, [142];
further remarks, [143];
on funding the debts of the States 192;
do. on the reduction of the debt from its nominal value, [196];
on discrimination among the public creditors, [227];
on a seat of Government, [247];
on excise bill, [265];
on excise officers, [271];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [267], [268];
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, [360];
on American coins, [371];
further remarks, [371];
against attendance of Secretary of War, [391];
on official conduct of Secretary of Treasury, [428];
Senator from New Hampshire, [441], [520], [590].
Livingston, Edward, Representative from New York, [604];
on salary for members of Congress, [636];
on the treaty with Great Britain, [640];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [675].
Locke, Matthew, Representative from North Carolina, [455], [527], [604].
Lyman, Samuel, Representative from Massachusetts, [604];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [658];
on the execution of the British treaty, [706].
Lyman, William, Representative from Massachusetts, [455], [527], [604];
on the flag of the Union, [461];
opposes the duties on manufactured tobacco and refined sugar, [507];
on the President's speech, [534];
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, [569];
on intruders on Indian lands, [587];
on the reports of the debates, [632];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [670];
on the admission of Tennessee, [755].
M
McDowell, Joseph, Representative from North Carolina, [455], [528];
against duty on sugar, [518];
against raising a force for the protection of a S.W. frontier, [517];
on admitting the delegate south of the Ohio, [529];
on the President's speech, [535], [539];
on amending the naturalization laws by requiring foreigners to renounce their slaves, [559];
on the right to Indian lands within a State, [580];
on difficulties with the Indians, [587].
McIntosh, Lachlan, nominated as naval officer at Savannah, [17].
Maclay, William, Senator from Pennsylvania, [9], [168], [251];
appointed on Judiciary Committee, first Congress, [10];
on committee on future disposition of papers of late Secretary of Congress, [10];
on committee on rules in cases of conference, first Congress, [10];
on manner of electing chaplains, [10];
on rules of business, [10].
Maclay, Samuel, Representative from Pennsylvania, [604].
Macon, Nathaniel, Representative from North Carolina, [388], [455], [527], [604];
on the right to Indian lands within a State, [579];
on the resolution relative to the heirs of Count de Grasse, [583];
on establishing Indian trading houses, [625], note, [625];
on the admission of Tennessee, [756].
Madeira Wine, proposed duty on, [81];
duty on, [32].
Madison, James, Jr., Representative from Virginia, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388], [455], [527], [604];
informs the Senate that the House agrees that the notifications of the election of President and Vice President be made by the former, [10];
on a committee to report a bill regulating oaths, [22];
speech introducing the measure for imposing impost and tonnage duties, [23];
his manner of proceeding, note, [23];
further speech on laying duties on imports, [25];
on duty on distilled spirits, [28]; on duty on molasses, [29];
on duty on salt beef, [34];
on duty on beer, [34];
proposes duty on hemp, [36], [38];
on duty on nails, &c., [38];
on duty on salt, [40];
opposes duty on teas, [42];
on drawback on distilled spirits, [43];
on high duties, [44];
reports an answer to Washington's Inaugural, [47];
on tonnage duties and their equality, [50];
on tonnage duties, [53], [55];
do. discrimination of, [56];
on the scale of duties proposed, [60], [62];
where the burden of duties would operate, [64];
opposes title for President as hostile to spirit of the Government, [67], [68];
thinks arguments against duty on molasses inconsistent, &c., [71];
further remarks, [71];
remarks on the motion to lay a duty on African slaves imported, [75], [76];
moves a limitation clause to the impost bill—respecting the time of its continuance, [77];
remarks on the same, [77], [80];
withdraws his motion to limit impost bill and introduces another, [83];
on organization of the Treasury Department, [84];
moves the organization of three departments, [86];
on power of President to remove officers, [86];
further remarks, [87];
remarks on citizenship, [97];
on the admission of Rhode Island, [101];
on the power of removal of officers, [104];
on the power to report plans of revenue by the Secretary of the Treasury, [112];
on the compensation of the President, [117];
on the compensation of the Vice President, [121];
thinks discrimination in the pay of Senators and Representatives necessary, [124];
moves a discrimination in the pay of members of the two Houses, [131];
on the form of amendment of the constitution, [134];
on the amendment to the constitution relative to the freedom of conscience, [137];
further remarks, [138];
on the right of instruction, [139];
on the principles which should govern the selection of a seat of Government, [147];
further remarks, [147], [148], [151];
on deliberation in choosing the seat of Government, [154];
on the place for a seat of Government, [155];
further remarks, [160]; constitutional objection, [164];
further remarks on amendments of the Senate, [166];
further remarks, [167];
on census of United States, [181];
on residence as essential to naturalization, [186];
on the constitutional privilege to import African slaves, [201];
further remarks favoring the commitment of the Quaker memorial as harmless, [204];
on propriety of committing Pennsylvania memorial, [211];
moves to discriminate between original creditors and present holders of public debt, [205];
do. speech thereon, [205], [223];
announces the death of Dr. Franklin, [239];
on a seat of Government, [245];
further remarks, [248];
on answer to President's message, [258];
on excise bill, [264];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [268];
on the commitment of the bill for a bank of the United States, [273];
do. speech on the bank, [274], [306];
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, [361];
on attendance of the Secretary of War to report, [391], [392];
on the case of General St. Clair, [393];
further, [394];
on official conduct of Secretary of Treasury, [431];
on the French emigrants from St. Domingo, [462];
on the relief of the French emigrants, [474];
on the preparations for the Algerine War, [475], [477], [479];
speech on the commerce of the United States, [458], [465], [469];
on duties on tobacco and sugar, [510];
against the bill to increase the army, [516];
on the delegate south of the Ohio, [531];
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, [549];
on amending naturalization laws, [555];
on the exclusion of titled foreigners from citizenship, [557];
on the renunciation of nobility for citizenship, [562], [565];
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, [567];
on the Randall bribery case, [610];
moves a resolution on post roads, [637];
on the pay of the Speaker, [638];
on the call for papers on the British treaty, [640];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [648];
on the resolutions relative to the refusal of the President to furnish papers on the treaty with Great Britain, [696];

on the execution of the treaty with Great Britain, [702].
Malbone, Francis, Representative from Rhode Island, [457], [527], [604].
Malt, duty on fixed, [38].
Marshall, Humphrey, Senator from Kentucky, [591].
Martin, Alexander, Senator from North Carolina, [442], [520], [591].
Maryland, offers ten miles square to Congress for a seat of Government, [81];
vote for President, [10], [385].
Mason, Stevens T., Senator from Virginia, [591];
on answer to the President's speech, [594].
Massachusetts.—Vote for President, [10], [385].
Matthews, George, Representative from Georgia, [175], [255].
Matthews, James, elected doorkeeper, [10].
Maxwell, Cornelius, appointed messenger by the Senate, [10].
Mebane Alexander, Representative from North Carolina, [455], [527].
Members of the House.—See Representation.
Mercer, John Francis, Representative from Maryland, [320], [360];
on the protection of the frontiers, [348];
on the stamp of American coins, [372];
on the publication of the debates, [379];
on official conduct of Secretary of Treasury, [427];
on the legality of the sequestration of British debts, [484].
Message, &c., between the two Houses—report of House Committee, [45];
from the President, [167];
of the President, [251];
from the President, on commerce with England, [308];
of the President, first session, second Congress, [310], note, [311];
of the President to Senate, on fugitives from justice, [312];
from the President on defeat of St. Clair, [330];
of the President, with a veto of the apportionment bill, [374];
of the President to second session of second Congress, [381];
from the President, on Spanish interference, [389];
of the President to first session of third Congress, [442];
of the President, on foreign relations, [443];
of President, relative to South-western frontier, [447];
from the President, relative to foreign relations, [454];
of the President, to second session of third Congress, [520];
of President to the House, declining to furnish papers relative to the treaty with Great Britain, [692], note, [692];
message, see Address.
Milledge, John, Representative from Georgia, [396], [605];
on the reduction of the army, [407];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [685].
Milton, John, votes for, as Vice President, in 1789, [10].
Mint, establishment of.—Bill from the Senate to establish a mint considered, [371];
moved to strike out clause requiring a representation of the head of the President, &c., on the coins, and insert emblems of Liberty, &c., [371];
the practice of monarchs not to be regarded 371;
the emblems of Liberty more acceptable to the people, [371];
no consequence whether the head of Liberty or that of the President is on the coins, [371];
motion carried, [371];
disagreement of the Senate, [371];
moved that the House recede, [371];
no friend of the President could refuse such a tribute to him, [372];
compared with the other representation, [372];
tyrants' heads have been stamped on the coin, [372];
republican cautions not a subject to be treated with levity, [372];
motion to recede lost, [373];
facts relative to the coinage of cents, [546];
committee of examination, &c., appointed, [547].
Mitchell, Stephen Mix, Senator from Connecticut, [442], [524].
Molasses, proposed duty on, [29];
duty on, [31];
duty on considered, [69];
decided, [73].
See Duties on imports.
Monroe, James, Senator from Virginia, [251], [380], [441].
Montgomery, William, Representative from Pennsylvania, [456], [528];
on Indian trading houses, [586].
Moore, Andrew, Representative from Virginia, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388], [455], [527], [604];
on duty on hemp, [36], [37];
opposes duty on salt as unjust, [39];
opposes discrimination in the pay of members of the two Houses, [124];
on the reduction of the army, [410];
on the execution of the British treaty, [727].
Morris, Robert, Senator from Pennsylvania, [9], [168], [251], [309], [380], [441], [520].
Muhlenberg, Frederick A., Representative from Pennsylvania, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388], [455], [527], [604];
elected Speaker, [21];
speech on thanks tendered him by the House, [308];
chosen Speaker, [455];
do. note, [455];
against a duty of two cents on sugar, [511];
answer to thanks of House, [590].
Muhlenberg, Peter, Representative from Pennsylvania, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388], [455], [527];
on committee for reception of President, [27];
appointed on a committee to draft a bill relative to the importation of African slaves, [84].
Murray, William Vans, Representative from Maryland, [320], [388], [456], [527], [604];
does a resignation produce a vacancy, [329];
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, [351];
further remarks, [356];
on attendance of Secretary of War, [392];
on discharging committee on defeat of St. Clair, [395];
on the reduction of the army, [414];
on the relief of the Trench emigrants, [474];
on conducting the Algerine war, [478];
against continuing the embargo, [501];
on force to protect S. W. frontier, [517];
on the President's speech, [532], [536];
on thanks to Gen. Wayne, [544];
on the renunciation of nobility for citizenship, [562];
for the reference of letter of Secretary of War, [566], [567];
on the right to Indian lands within a State, [578];
on Indian trading houses, [586]; on intruders on Indian lands, [588];
on the answer to President's speech, [606];
on the attempt at bribery by Robert Randall, [610], [612];
statement of the case of Randall and Whitney, [617];
on establishing Indian trading-houses, [625];
on the support of existing establishments, [627], [628];
on the pay of the Speaker, [639];
opposes the resolution calling for papers on British treaty, [640].
N
Nails and Spikes, debate on duty on, [38]; do. fixed, [38].
Naturalization Laws.—The bill under consideration, [184];
motion to strike out "and shall have resided in the U. S. one year," [184];
it was policy to let aliens come in and take the oath, and hold lands without any residence, [184];
some security for their fidelity and allegiance was required, [185];
without a residence the terms are too cheap, [185];
policy of European nations, [185];
does not apply here, [185];
we should be inconsistent by prescribing too long a term for the enjoyment of our privileges, [185];
foreign merchants could evade additional duties on foreign vessels unless residence was required, [185];
the reason of admitting foreigners is to encourage emigration and people our large tract of country, [185];
a long term may restrain emigration, [185];
cautions necessary to guard against abuses, [186];
the object is not merely to swell the catalogue of the people, but add to the wealth and strength of the community, [186];
the admission step by step is a nice question, but residence should be required, [186];
a sufficient residence should be required for the privilege of electing and being elected, [186];
many of the States admit aliens step by step, [186];
doubtful if the constitution authorizes Congress to say on what terms aliens may hold land in the respective States, [186];
Congress possesses power only to make a uniform rule of naturalization, [186];
if the motion prevails, vagrants, paupers, and outcasts of Europe will find too easy an admission to citizenship, [187];
some probation necessary and testimonials of a proper and decent behavior, [187];
no creditable man can think such terms difficult, [187];
grand jury or district courts could determine on the character of the man, [175];
excluding bad men impracticable, [187];
propriety of residence doubted, [187];
every person, rich or poor, adds to our wealth and strength, [187];
citizenship can be made progressive, [187];
policy of settling the vacant territory by emigration doubtful, [188];
some probation requisite, [188];
some classes should be received with encouragement, [188];
others excluded, [188];
naturalization progressive in England, [189];
in some States an act of the Legislature is now required—this is sufficiently easy, [189];
unless some residence is required confusion may arise, [189];
no person should hold land without a residence and an intention of becoming a citizen, [189];
story of voting in Philadelphia, [189];
two years inserted in the bill, note, [190];
act to establish a uniform rate of naturalization considered, [555];
moved to insert the words "attached to a Republican form of government," [555];
or "attached to the Constitution of the United States," [555];
both superfluous, [555];
word Republican very indefinite, [555];
do. used in the constitution, [555];
difficult for many citizens to find two reputable witnesses, [555];
other amendments proposed, [555];
do. to strike out word "moral" in the words good moral character, [556];
the word too strict, [556];
the whole useless, [556];
moved to exclude from citizenship any emigrant who had borne a title of nobility, [557];
reasons for the same, [557];
better be required to renounce every thing contrary to the spirit of the constitution, [557];
nothing more grateful to a republican than to see them renounce their titles, [557];
the title is destroyed when the allegiance is broken, [558];
if we cannot manufacture a commodity at home, it is unlawful to import it from abroad, [558];
yeas and nays threatened, [558];
moved to amend by requiring the emigrant to renounce the possession of all slaves, [558];
not a proper connection with the subject, [558];
the amendment unnecessary, as slavery was declining fast as possible, [558];
the amendment a retaliation upon those who call for the yeas and nays, [559];
both amendments unnecessary, [559];
what right had the House to say one class of people shall not have that kind of property which others have? 559;
amendment withdrawn, [560];
further discussion relative to renouncing titles of nobility, [561], [562], [563], [564], [565];
amendment adopted, [566].
Naval Establishment, on a permanent, [481].
Navy, officers of.—Report of the committee on the memorial of officers of the Navy relative to a difference of pay compared with the officers of the army, [239];
justice of their claims, [240];
origin of commutation, [240];
the grounds of their claims, [240];
circumstances which led to a distinction, [240];
no precedent for extending commutation to officers of the navy, [240];
examination of the grounds of these demands, [241];
difference between officers of the army and navy, [241];
claims strictly just, [241].
Neville, Joseph, Representative from Virginia, [456], [527].
New, Anthony, Representative from Virginia, [455], [527], [606].
New Hampshire, vote for President, [10], [385].
New Jersey, vote for President, [10], [385].
New York City Corporation, vote of thanks to, [250].
New York, vote for President in 1793, [385].
Nicholas, John, Representative from Virginia, [455], [528], [606];
on the French emigrants from St. Domingo, [463];
on the relief of, [474];
speech on the commerce of the United States, [468];
on the power of the Algerines, [476], [478];
on the advance of money to France, [514];
on the bill to protect the South-western frontiers, [517];
on the President's speech, [532], [536], [538];
on indemnification to sufferers by the Pennsylvania insurgents, [541], [548];
on amending the naturalization laws, [555], [556];
on exclusion of titled foreigners from citizenship, [558];
on the reference of a letter of the Secretary of War, [566];
on the reduction of salaries, [572];
on the right to Indian lands within a State, [577];
on the Randall bribery case, [615];
on the resolution relative to bribery, [621];
on the support of existing establishments, [628];
on a stenographer for the House, [631];
on a salary for members of Congress, [636];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [641];
on the execution of the British treaty, [710];
on the military and naval appropriations, [766].
Niles, Nathaniel, Representative from Vermont, [317], [388], [527];
on the Electoral College, [333];
on the flag of the Union, [461].
Non-intercourse with Great Britain, see Great Britain.
North Carolina, vote for President in 1793, [385].
O
Oaths, a bill to regulate the time and manner of administering certain, reported, [11];
administered to Vice President and each Senator, [15];
to Secretary of Senate, [15];
leave to bring in a bill, in the House—form of, for the members of the House, [22];
of President—proceedings of the House after its administration, [46].
Amendments of the Senate to the bill regulating the time and manner of taking oaths, [51];
whence is derived the power to oblige members of State Legislatures to take this oath? 51;
no doubt respecting the powers of Congress on the subject, [51];
if left to State Legislatures, different laws might be passed, and different degrees of obligation required, [51];
the power appears to be generally conceded; the principle of policy should be examined, [51];
not a suitable time; it argues a jealousy in the national Government, [52];
the States should comply with an act of Congress, [52];
Congress has not the power to carry it into effect, [52];
Congress has such power, [52];
the policy depends on a variety of circumstances, [52];
it may be considered an interference with the State Governments, [53];
no reason offered by the Senate for concurrence, [53];
a general provision better than particular ones, [53];
no other Legislature capable to make one, [53];
it is the duty of the House to detail the general principles laid down by the constitution, and reduce them to practice, [53].
O'Brien, Richard, petition of, [389].
Officers, removal of, [102];
debate on the power of the President, [103].
See Executive Departments.
Orr, Alexander D., Representative from Kentucky, [457], [528].
Otis, Samuel Alyne, elected Secretary of the Senate, [10].
P
Page, John, Representative from Virginia, [21], [175], [317], [388], [477], [546], [604];
presides in Committee of Whole, [22], [24], [27], [33], [37], [39], [41], [42];
on application to amend the constitution, [48];
on tonnage duties—experience of Virginia, [56];
presides in Committee of the Whole, [57], [58], [71];
opposed to all titles for the President, [66], [68];
on the admission of Rhode Island, [101];
remarks on the Treasury Department, [109];
further remarks, [110];
on the compensation of President, &c., [116];
further remarks, [119];
do. on Vice President, [122];
on amount of compensation of members, [129], [132];
on the right of Instruction, [139];
do. further, [143];
on the admission of reporters for the press, [180];
on making easy terms of naturalization, [185], [187];
on the public debt, [193];
urges commitment of Pennsylvania memorial, [210];
on discrimination among the public creditors, [221];
do. further remarks, [228];
on a seat of Government, [247];
speech on ratio of Representation, [325];
a bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, [364];
on the head to be stamped on American coins, [371], [372];
on discharging committee in case of St. Clair, [395];
on reference to the Committee of the Whole of the resolutions relative to the official conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, [420];
on the exclusion of titled foreigners from citizenship, [557];
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, [570];
on the reduction of salaries, [573];
on the support of existing establishments, [627];
on the pay of the Speaker, [638];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [664];
on the execution of the British treaty, [726].
Paine, Elijah, Senator from Vermont, [591].
Paine, Wingate, Representative from New Hampshire, [455], [527].
Paris.—Letter of President of Commonalty on death of Dr. Franklin, [256].
Parker, Jonathan, Representative from Virginia, [21], [175], [259], [388];
appointed by House to make list of votes for President when counted in the Senate, [22];
appointed on Committee of Supplies, [46];
appointed of Committee of Conference on subject of title of President—because it is all repugnant to republicanism, [67];
moves a duty on importation of African slaves, [73], [74];
withdraws motion for duty on African slaves, [76];
appointed on committee to draft a bill relative to the importation of African slaves, [84];
on duties on distilled spirits, [263];
further remarks, [264].
Parker, Josiah, Representative from Virginia, [456], [527], [604];
on the reduction of the army, [399];
further remarks, [405];
on the commerce of the United States, [472];
against the embargo laws, [499];
on the President's speech, [539];
on resolutions of thanks to General Wayne, [543];
on Indian trading houses, [585];
on the address to the President, [605], [606];
on establishing Indian trading houses, [625], [633].
Partridge, George, Representative from Massachusetts, [22], [175], [255];
on duty on molasses, [31];
on duty on hemp, [36], [37].
Paterson, William, Senator from New Jersey, [9],

[168];
appointed on Judiciary Committee, first Congress, [10];
on committee to prepare answer to Washington's Inaugural, [12];
resigns his seat in Senate, [251].
Patton, John, Representative from Delaware, [457], [604].
Pennsylvania.—Vote for President, [10], [385].
Pennsylvania Insurgents.—The recommendation of compensation to the sufferers by the Pennsylvania insurgents considered, [546];
proposed to confine it to officers of the Government, [547];
sound policy required indemnification of the sufferers, [547];
the whole affair but a trifle, not twenty thousand dollars, [547];
there should be no discrimination, [547];
it should be confined to persons who had suffered in defence of Government, [547];
a private person more entitled to indemnification than revenue officers who are paid for their services, [547];
let the sufferers have recourse to the laws, [547];
Government equally bound to make compensation to those who suffered by British soldiers, [548];
amendment rejected, [548];
on the bill before the House, immediate indemnity, objected to, [548];
if you pay the claims you cut off civil process, [549];
it becomes a precedent, [549];
the measure will encourage a spirit to suppress insurrections, and it may encourage insurrections, [549];
resolution is unsound policy, [549];
the subject should be postponed to another session, [550];
no civil process will lie in the case, [550];
the amendment to confine the damages to citizens personally aiding or assisting the officers, considered, [551];
it becomes the honor and justice of the Legislature to indemnify them, [551];
the point of law considered relative to civil actions, [552];
the British had practised indemnification to the Royalists, [553];
previous question carried, [553];
other amendments added, [554].
Person, Thomas, petition of, see Indian lands within States, &c.
Petition, of Catharine Greene, [335];
of William Dunbar, in behalf of the heir of George Galphin, [383];
of Richard O'Brien, [339];
of Warner Mifflin, on subject of negro slavery, [397];
to make Hudson, N. Y., port of entry, [410];
of Conrad Laub, respecting the seat of Albert Gallatin in the Senate, [442];
from the Quakers of Rhode Island, relative to the slave trade, [446].
Philadelphia.—Letter from Commissioners offering Congress the Court House, [251].
Pickens, Andrew, Representative from South Carolina, [457], [528].
Pinkney, William, resignation of, [320].
Post Office.—Bill to establish post offices and post roads, [249];
moved to empower Postmasters General to establish certain roads under the direction of the President, [249];
reasons for opposing a concurrence in this amendment, [249];
reasons in favor of the amendment, [249].
Franking Privilege under consideration, [330];
it is presumed no gentleman will ask a member to frank for him, [330];
if abuses arise, Legislature can correct them, [330];
to take away privilege of franking would level a deadly stroke at the freedom of the press, [331];
dangerous to take any measures that may stop the channels of public information, [331];
franking granted, not as a personal benefit, but for the good of the constituents, [331];
means of bringing much information to the House, [331];
some restrictions can be put on it, [331];
equally as objectionable in the hands of the President, [331];
so long as it is advantageous to citizens it should not be relinquished, [331];
motion to withdraw the privilege from members of both Houses, [332];
the security of the people is that their Representatives are subject to the same regulations as themselves, [332];
Congress enjoys only such rights as are mentioned in the charter, [332];
people view this privilege with a jealous eye, [332];
example of Great Britain shows to what an enormous height the abuse can be carried, [332];
the privilege is unequal in its operation, [332];
the diminution of revenue not a sufficient reason for abolishing the privilege, [332];
revenue a secondary consideration, [332];
if this privilege be taken away, the avenues of information cut off, [333];
various other considerations in favor of retaining the privilege considered, [333];
bill passed, [335].
Post Roads from Maine to Georgia, resolution relative to a survey of, &c., considered, [637];
the business of the General Government to undertake the improvement of roads, [637];
present roads greatly improved by adopting the resolution, [637];
not right to apply revenues of post office to this object, [637];
resolution offered by Mr. Madison, [637].
Potts, Richard, Senator from Maryland, [384], [447], [524], [591].
Presidency, Vacancy in.—Bill declaring what officer, in case of vacancy in the offices of President and Vice President, shall act as President, [267];
it must be an officer of the United States by the constitution, [267];
shall he hold for the remainder of the term, or only until a new election? 267;
Secretary of State, [267];
President of the Senate, pro tem., moved, [267];
this last motion repugnant to the constitution, [267];
the matter is left with the Legislature, [267];
Chief Justice a suitable officer, [268];
objections to different officers, [268];
delay urged, [268];
unnecessary, [268];
considerations respecting various officers, [269];
the contingency might not happen more than once in eight hundred years, [270];
further objections to Secretary of State, [270];
motion to strike out clause providing the President of the Senate, pro tem., or the Speaker of the House shall act as President, in case of a vacancy, [334];
subject of not immediate importance, [334];
objected to as not connected with other parts of the bill, [334];
necessary the business should be decided, [334];
bill unconstitutional—neither the President, pro tem., nor Speaker, nor officers of the government in the sense contemplated, [334];
Speaker no more an officer of the government than any member of the House, [334];
unconstitutionality further considered, [334].
President, vote for, in 1789, [10];
in 1793, [385];
compensation of, [16], [17];
message on disputes between some of the States and the Indian tribes, [16];
on the rejection by the Senate of the nomination of Benjamin Fishbourn, [17];
meets the Senate in consultation, [18];
note, [18];
message to Senate on hostilities of Wabash Indians, [19];
on ratification of treaties with Indian tribes, [19];
message communicating the death of the Dauphin of France to the Senate, [20];
on adjournment of Congress, [20];
his reply to the address of the House, [57];
his power to remove officers, [86];
declared by vote, [90];
compensation of, [116];
debate on, [116];
salary fixed, [120];
message to House, [167];
his reply to address of the Senate, [170];
his term of office, when commenced, [171];
his message to the Senate on the accession of Rhode Island to the Union, [172];
on conferring a brevet commission on a French officer, [172];
message from, to the Senate, [173];
note, [173];
question of consultation addressed to the Senate, [173];
message to Senate on treaty with Indian tribes, [173];
his reply to address of the House, [179];
message to Senate on surrender of Western posts by the British, [254];
reply to answer of the Senate, [313];
reply to address of House, [316];
reply to Senate's address, [383];
inaugural address at second election, [387];
counting votes for, [418];
answer to address of the Senate, [444];
reply to address of the House, [457];
reply to Senate's address, [523];
reply to House address, [542];
message to Senate with colors of French Republic, [597];
answer to address of the House, [597];
reply to address of the House, [609];
message to the House with the French Flag, [616];
answer to French Minister on presentation of French Flag, [617];
message relative to intruders on Cherokee lands, [635].
Preston, Francis, Representative from Virginia, [455], [527], [606];
on the execution of the British treaty, [740].
Protection of American commerce, see Commerce;
do. of frontiers, see Frontiers.
Protective duties, how far sustained by the debate on the impost bill, note, [84].
Protest, or dissent of any Senator—motion to grant right to enter on the journal of the Senate—negatived, [16].
Provost, Samuel, elected chaplain of the Senate, [11].
Public lands, debate on resolutions respecting the disposal of the land in the Western territory, [99];
speedy measures necessary to be taken, [99];
a land office should be opened to sell the land in small quantities, [99];
great numbers of people are on the ground waiting to purchase, [100];
they will move to Spanish Territory, or take possession of ours without leave, [100];
other reasons showing the necessity of doing something, [100];
this business should not be precipitated, [101];
some early measures necessary, [101].
Resolution to establish a land office and fix terms of granting vacant lands in the west, considered, [113];
character of the emigration, [114];
adhesion to the Union, [115];
organization of a land office, [115];
its system of business, [115];
resolution adopted, [116];
on a resolution to establish a land office at the seat of Government, &c., [260];
details of the business, [260];
better to settle general principles, [260];
perfect liberty in selection by purchasers most for the interest of the Government, [260];
reasons against indiscriminate location, [260];
bad effects of, [261];
manner of laying out land by late Congress, [261];
moved that the price thirty cents per acre be struck out, [261];
various prices proposed, [261];
motion lost, [261];
moved—the price be not less than thirty cents per acre, [261];
the policy of the Government is to fix a price so reasonable that any can pay, [261];
relative value of lands in several States, [261];
no discretion for determining the price should be left to any one, [262];
considerations for and against fixing a price, [262];
practice of some States, [262].
Q
Question, the previous—note, [101];
ordered, [102].
Quorum, at first session of Senate when formed, [9].
R
Ramsey, David, petition to the House on eligibility of Wm. Smith, [33].
Randall, Robert, charged with an attempt at bribery, [609];
arrest of, [611];
trial before the House, [618].
Read, George, Senator from Delaware, [10], [251], [309], [380];
resigns his seat in the Senate, [442].
Read, Jacob, Senator from South Carolina, [591];
on answer to President's speech, [595].
Read, John, Representative from Massachusetts, [604];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [671].
Reception of President, Senate Committee on, [10];
of President, report of Senate Committee thereon, [11];
of committee on conducting the same, [11];
report of House Committee on, [33];
report of committee appointed for that purpose, [44].
Reduction of Salaries of Executive officers, clerks, &c., and Senators and Representatives, &c., motion for a committee to bring in a bill, [571];
a subject of grievous complaint among citizens, [571];
salaries exorbitant, [571];
other circumstances considered, [571];
experience of members of the House, [572];
the motion unnecessary, [573];
the question arises from misapprehension, [574];
the pay of members considered, [574];
of Speakers, [574];
of Senators, [574];
difference between pay of Senators and Representatives, [575],
note, [575];
present pay small enough, [575];
motion negatived, [575].
Report of House Committee on messages, &c., between the two Houses, [45];
of House Committee of Elections on proceedings relative to the petition of David Ramsey, [45];
of House Committee on title of President, [47];
of committee on unfinished business of last session, [171];
of Special Committee on Quaker memorial, [238];
of Committee of the whole House on Quaker memorial, [239];
note, [239];
on memorial of the officers of the navy, [239];
on mode of examining votes for President, [417];
on admission of the delegate south of the Ohio, [530];
on proceedings in the Randall bribery case, [614].
Reporters, their admission to the House, [180];
blunders of, [181].
Representation, ratio of, moved there be one Representative for every thirty thousand inhabitants, and motion to strike out "thirty," considered, [320];
sense of the States considered, [321];
one to thirty thousand will not give more than an adequate number, [321];
objection on account of expense, considered, [321];
citizens of United States expect this ratio, [321];
thirty should be struck out, [321];
difficult to do business if representation too numerous, [321];
people will be satisfied if ratio is higher, [321];
it will increase expense and the number of public officers, [322];
two points to be considered, viz., what is the proper number to constitute a representative body for the United States, and what ratio will leave the fewest fractions in the States, [322];
thirty-five thousand leave fewest fractions, [322];
an adequate number was the great object, [322];
future sessions will be shorter, [322];
existence of the Union may depend on fulness of representation, [322];
doubtful if a large representation was less liable to corruption than a small one, [322];
philosophical examination of the principle of representation, [322];
the opinion advanced for reducing the representative branch is a dangerous error, [323];
situation of the country calls for great extension of the principle of representation, [323];
other points considered, [323];
the will of the people should be regarded, [324];
expenses, delays, and other objections considered, [324];
is not Congress precluded from exercising any discretion in the matter by the constitution? 324;
is it expedient to do it? 324;
objects of State and Congressional assemblies, [324];
leave the restriction of the number of members to the people, or to some future Congress, [325];
Congress being the creature of the people should not lessen the importance of the people or exclude them from a full share in their own government, [325];
one man cannot know the wishes of thirty-five thousand, therefore the people should not be desired to accede to that ratio, [325];
it is said the President secured the present ratio to the people, and shall we be less solicitous than the President? 326;
no danger of disorders from a large number, [326];
if more wisdom is brought into the House by a larger number, is not also more folly, [326];
the Senate, a smaller body, is as competent as the House, [326];
if we go on theory the representation should be enlarged, [327];
no propriety in comparing the government to that of Great Britain, [327];
no danger of corruption from a large number, [327];
the constitution secures independence of legislature, [327];
a numerous representation tends to weaken, if not destroy, the Government, [327];
the proposed amendment to the constitution should be a guide to the House, [328];
instability of State governments arises from mode of election, [328];
other objections considered, [328];
on the resolution that the representation be one to thirty thousand, adopted, [328].
Apportionment bill, considered, [374];
the people expect one representative for thirty thousand inhabitants, according to the constitution, [375];
grounds of this expectation, [375];
the inequality of representation suggested to result from this ratio is more apparent than real, [375];
objection that the relative influence of the States should not be resorted to in the apportionment of representatives, considered, [375];
the inconveniences of the rule in their greatest extent can never be very great, [375];
the increasing representation considered, with a view to the necessity of establishing in this branch a permanent sympathy with the landed interest, [376];
organization of a moneyed interest, [376];
apprehensions from the principles beginning to be developed, [377];
thirty-three adopted, [377].
Resignation, does it cause a vacancy?—Wm. Pinkney resigned as Representative from Maryland without taking the oath or his seat, John F. Mercer was appointed by the Governor and Council to fill the vacancy under the laws of Maryland, report on considered, [328];
under the constitution a resignation does not cause a vacancy, [328];
in the British House of Commons there can be no resignation, [329];
under the constitution Executives of States are not judges of a vacancy, [329];
great inconvenience would result from a rejection of the report, [329];
no analogy between Parliament of Great Britain and this House, [329];
no part of the constitution prohibits a member from resigning, [329];
it is uncertain how the practice of the British Parliament originated, [329];
vacancies can happen from various causes, [329];
difference between a resignation before and after taking a seat, [329];
great inconvenience of contrary course, [329];
the constitution contemplates resignations, [329];
nothing to show resignations may not take place in one House as well as in the other, [329];
report accepted, [330].
Resolution on the consideration of all bills on a second reading in the Senate, [15];
on contested election of Wm. Smith, [94];
on Executive Departments, [94];
relative to Western lands, [100];
note, [100];
adopted, [101];
relative to the admission of Rhode Island, [101];
relating to Western lands, [113];
adopted, [114];
on the establishment of a land office, [127];
for a Home department, [127];
of thanks to the Speaker at close first Congress, [129];
on adjournment, [129];
on location of seat of Government, [146];
on a central location, [146];
for the appointment of Commissioners to fix seat of Government on Susquehanna, &c., [159], [161], [163];
for Commissioners to fix site for a seat of Government, [163];
proviso offered to, [163];
rejection of, [163];
adoption of resolution, [163];
on unfinished business of last session, [171];
on non-intercourse with Rhode Island, [171];
adopted, [173];
of Senate to attend the funeral of Thomas Bland, [172];
note on, [172];
of Senate on secret article of treaty with the Creek nation, [173];
of Senate relative to a treaty with the Cherokee Indians, [174];
of thanks to the Corporation of New York city, [174];
of adjournment, [174];
of House on Chaplain, [175];
relative to an answer to the President's speech, [177];
on public credit, [190];
relative to eulogium on Dr. Franklin, [259];
on jails of the States, [308];
of the Senate, relative to open doors, [313];
on the ratio of representation, [328];
to refer petition of Catharine Greene to select committee, [341];
on the petition of Catharine Greene, [341];
lost, [341];
on the courtesies of France, [370];
on the petition of Catharine Greene, [370];
of Senate respecting open doors, [384];
on the official conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, [418];
of thanks to Speaker Dayton, [440];
of Senate relative to amendments of the constitution, [445];
of Senate relative to open doors, [448];
relative to British debts, [482];
of non-intercourse with Great Britain, [498];
on indemnity for spoliation, [503];
of amendments to the constitution 524;
on deported slaves of the Revolution, [525];
amendment, [526];
note, [526];
of thanks to Gen. Wayne and others, [542], [546];
of thanks to the militia of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia, [546];
respecting losses by Pennsylvania insurgents, [554];
on excluding titled foreigners from citizenship, [557];
on the right to Indian lands within a State, [582];
relative to the case of Thomas Person and others, [583];
relative to the heirs of Count de Grasse, [583];
relative to intruders on Indian lands, [584];
relative to Indian lands in Georgia, [584];
relative to open doors in the Senate, [593];
note, [594];
in Senate on presentation of French Flag, [597];

relative to attempt at bribery, [621];
on post roads, [637];
on the treaty with Great Britain, [640], [692];
relative to the refusal of the President to furnish papers relative to the treaty with Great Britain, [696];
note, [696];
on the sense of the House relative to the British treaty, [751].
Rhode Island, Admission of.—Resolution desiring Rhode Island to take the necessary steps for admission into the Union, [101];
propriety of interfering in the matter doubtful, [101];
why interfere in the concerns of sister States who have not joined the confederacy, [101];
course of Rhode Island, [101];
not proper for this House to expose themselves to have the invitation rejected, [102];
previous question moved for the first time, [102];
reasons therefor, [102];
decided in the negative, [102];
letter from Governor of, to the President, [171];
proposal of non-intercourse with, [171];
considered in the Senate, [172];
adopted, [173];
vote for President in 1793, [385].
Robinson, Moses, Senator from Vermont, [380], [441], [520], [590].
Ross, James, Senator from Pennsylvania, [523], [591].
Rules.—Senate, committee on, in case of conference, [10];
for conducting business, Senate committee on, first Congress, [10];
of the Senate for open doors, [314].
Rum.—The word changed to distilled spirits, [28]; duty on, [28].
Rutherford, John, Senator from New Jersey, [309], [380], [441], [523], [591].
Rutherford, Robert, Representative from Virginia, [455], [527], [604];
objects to the duty on salt, [506];
on the President's speech, [538];
on the reduction of salaries, [573];
on the admission of Tennessee, [754].
Rutledge, John, votes for, as Vice President in 1789, [10].
S
Salt, debate on duty on, [38]; duty fixed, [41].
Salted Provisions, drawback on, fixed, [41].
Schureman, James, Representative from New Jersey, [21], [175], [255];
opposes the motion to lay duty on African slaves as improper at that time, [74].
Schuyler, Philip, Senator from New York, [16];
draws lots with Rufus King for length of term, [10], [168], [254].
Scott, Major General, resolution of thanks to, by the House, [546].
Scott, Thomas, Representative from Pennsylvania, [175], [255], [455], [530];
remarks on the principle of discrimination in laying duties, [28];
favors duty on hemp, [36]; opposes duty on salt, [39];
on Western lands, [99];
on do., encouragement to emigration, [113];
plan of land-office, [115];
on selecting a seat of government, [155];
on a distinction between foreign and domestic creditors, [194];
further remarks, [197];
do. on the discrimination and liquidation of the public debt, [198];
on constitutionality and propriety of Pennsylvania memorial for the abolition of slavery, [208];
on a seat of Government, [245];
on establishment of a land office, [260];
further remarks, [261];
moves to strike out thirty cents as the price of land, [261];
on the pay of soldiers, [459];
further remarks, [460];
on the relief of the French emigrants, [474];
on exclusion of titled foreigners from citizenship, [558];
on the right to Indian lands within a State, [578];
on intruders on Indian lands, [587].
Seat of Government.—Motion to fix a permanent residence for the general Government of the United States, [145];
a spot on the banks of the Susquehanna regarded as most central, although south of the centre of population, [145];
resolution to locate on east bank of Susquehanna offered, [146];
a great national question, [146];
a preamble of general principles moved, [146];
spot on the Delaware proposed, do. on the Potomac, [146];
preamble regarded as unnecessary, [146], [147];
voted in the negative, [147];
neither centre of wealth, or population, or locality, should decide, as the future may make great changes, [147];
the several places should be considered on their merits, [147];
original motion under consideration, [148];
advantages of the banks of the Susquehanna, [148];
the whole thing arranged out doors, let its consistency with general principles be shown, [148];
answer, [148];
if Eastern members have settled the question let them settle the principles of the government, [149];
the territorial centrality on the Susquehanna denied, [149];
the place proposed comes within the general principles agreed on, [149];
cannot men consult together who have a common interest, [150];
the Susquehanna south-west of the centre of wealth, &c., [150];
the Potomac regarded as unhealthy, [150];
banks of the Potomac the best place, [150];
advantages of Harrisburg, [151];
advantages of the Potomac, [151];
advantages of the Hudson, [151];
various considerations on the subject, [152];
motion to insert Harrisburg, lost, [153];
motion to strike out "east bank of the Susquehanna," and insert Potomac, [158];
remarks thereon, [154];
motion for committee to rise, [154];
attempts to precipitate a decision, [154];
a league between the Northern States and Pennsylvania against the South, [155];
opposition in New England to the Potomac, [155];
this business should be decided under an equal attention to the rights of the community, [155];
effects of an uncentral location, [156];
seat should be the centre of the Union, [156];
Potomac the centre, [157];
facts respecting the Susquehanna, [157];
objections to the Potomac considered, [157];
arguments in favor of the Susquehanna, [158];
motion to strike out Susquehanna and insert Potomac, lost, [159];
motion to insert "or Potomac" after Susquehanna, lost, [159];
resolution for appointment of commissioners to examine, report to the President, and purchase on east bank of Susquehanna, &c., offered, [159];
the site should be ceded, [159];
the jurisdiction be exclusive, [160];
several States offered a cession, [160];
the reproach of bargaining, [160];
do. repelled, [160];
opposition of Southern members made to prevent an improper decision, [160];
motion to insert "north bank of Potomac" for east bank of Susquehanna, lost, [161];
do. to insert Wilmington, &c., lost, [161];
do. to insert Potomac, Susquehanna, or Delaware, lost, [162];
do. to insert "either side of the Delaware," &c., lost, [162];
do. to insert "banks" for east bank, carried, [162];
do. to insert "or Maryland " after Pennsylvania, lost, [162];
do. to insert "Wilmington" for city of New York, lost, [163];
do. to insert "Philadelphia" for New York, lost, [163];
bill to establish a seat of government, considered, [164];
moved to confine the choice between the mouth of Checkiselungo creek and the mouth of the Susquehanna, [164];
moved to strike out all that part of the bill making New York the temporary seat of government, as unconstitutional, [164];
bill passed, [164];
do. passed by the Senate, with amendments, and returned to the House, [165];
motion to postpone its consideration, [165];
House should not be influenced by the Senate keeping the appropriation bill as a hostage, [165];
insinuation wrongful, [165];
amendment of Senate changes the tenor of the bill, [165];
Germantown most proper spot, [165];
arguments for postponement, [166];
motion lost, [166];
motion to concur with Senate, [166];
advantages of Germantown, [166];
a costly location, [167];
a departure from every principle adopted by the House, [167];
an amendment moved and carried, [167];
on Committee of the Whole on a bill from the Senate fixing the temporary and permanent seat of government, debated, [242];
moved to strike out "Potomac" and insert "a district to include the town of Baltimore," [242];
centrality is not an idea which predominates in regard to any other country, [242];
if the clause is struck out the bill will be lost, [242];
consideration of the relative interests of the Southern, Middle, and Northern States, [243];
a central position necessary, [243];
the merits of the question, [243];
map of the Potomac, [243];
reasons in favor of Baltimore, [243];
objections to the place proposed, [244];
Philadelphia will become the permanent residence, [244];
no necessity for moving temporary residence, [244];
Potomac a national location, [244];
only three States can claim it, [244];
advantages of the Potomac, [245];
advantages and disadvantages of the two places compared, [245];
centrality of the Potomac, [245];
not the time to fix the seat of government, [245];
objections considered, [246];
New York a temporary seat, [246];
history of the Quakers, [246];
conduct of New York during the war, [247];
conduct of her Senators on this question, [247];
Baltimore the place on the map, [247];
character of New York, [247];
advantages of Baltimore, [247];
principles of the bill, [247];
no State has a right to the seat of government, [248];
report of a committee of the late Congress, [248];
Baltimore or the Potomac too far south, [248];
Baltimore nearest the centre, [248];
after present ferment has subsided, Potomac will be considered the bond of the Union, [248];
improvements on the Potomac, [248];
difficulty of ever removing from Philadelphia if made temporary residence, [248];
proceedings at last session, [248];
motion lost, [248];
moved to strike out Potomac and insert Delaware, [249];
motion lost, [249];
do. to strike out Potomac and insert Germantown, [249];
do. lost, [249];
do. to strike out Potomac and insert Baltimore, [249];
do. lost, [249];
do. to adjourn, lost, [249];
bill passed, [249];
note, [250].
Secretaries, resolution requiring attendance on the House, [390].
Secretary, of the Senate, elected by ballot, 1st Congress, [10].
Secretary of the Treasury, debate on his duties, [109];
on communicating information to the House, [111];
report of, [176];
manner of making it, [177].
See Treasury.
Secretary of War, letter from, [393].
See St. Clair.
Sedgwick, Theodore, Representative from Massachusetts, [175], [395], [455], [530], [604];
on removal of officers, [103];
on the compensation of the President, [117];
further remarks on pay of Vice President, [120], [122];
motion on the pay of members of Congress, [123];
favors discrimination in the pay of members of the two Houses, [125];
opposes a Home Department, [128];
on amount of pay of members, [130];
farther remarks, [132], [133];
on the manner of giving instructions to Representatives, [143];
on the location of a seat of Government, [150];
further remarks, [154];
on the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, [183];
opposed to indiscriminate admission of foreigners, [188];
on the importance of prompt action relative to the public debt, [199];
on the immediate second reading of the Quaker Memorial, [203];
on discrimination of public creditors, [211];
on memorial of officers of navy, [241];
on price of public lands, [261];
further remarks, [262];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [267];
on excise bill, [265];
on officers, [271];
speech on the Bank of the United States, [282];
on resignation of William Pinkney, [329];
on the electoral college, [333];
on vacancy in the office of President, [335];
on official conduct of Secretary of Treasury, [426], [429];
on non-intercourse with Great Britain, [493];
on merits of indemnity resolution, and on reference, [504];
on the President's speech, [532], [539];
on indemnification sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, [547], [553];
on amending naturalization laws, [556], [557], [565];
on intruders on Indian lands, [585];
on the answer to the President's speech, [607];
on the support of existing establishments, [626];
on a stenographer for the House, [630];
on a salary for members of Congress, [636];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [656];
on the admission of Tennessee, [755].
Seeny, Joshua, Representative from Maryland, [27], [175], [255], [315];
appointed on committee to draft bill on tonnage duties, [57];
urges decision relative to duty on molasses, [69];
presents the offer of ten miles square by Maryland for a seat of Government of United States, [81];
on the compensation of Vice President, [122];
opposes discrimination in the pay of members of the two Houses, [125];
approves of the Susquehanna region for a seat of Government, [161];
on constitutionality of memorial for the abolition of slavery, [203];
on discrimination among the public creditors, [226];
on memorial of officers of navy, [240];
on a seat of Government, [244];
on answer to President's message, [258];
on the election of Mercer, [328];
further remarks, [329].
Senate, members present at first meeting, [9];
adjournment from day to day for want of a quorum, [9];
session with closed doors until 1794, note, [9];
no publication of debates of, note, [9];
receives the House on the inauguration of Washington, [12];
resolution of respecting titles of President and Vice President, [14];
do. division in three classes, [14];
first executive session, [15];
confirmed the appointment of collectors, naval officers, and surveyors, [16];
mode of communication with the President, [16];
report on, [17];
do. resolution on, [17];
President consults with, note, [17];
wait upon the President and deliver their answer to the inaugural address, [18];
on ratification of treaties with Indian tribes, &c., report of committee on, [20];
conference with the House on the impost bill, [113];
results of, [113];
and House meet together to receive President's message, [168];
address of to the President, [169];
manner of presentation, [170];
when the term of office of members commenced, [171];
answer to the President's address, [253];
notice of letter of French King, [313];
answer to President's message, [313];
resolutions respecting public proceedings, [384];
special session of, [386];
answer to President's address, [383];
answer to the President's message, [444];
answer to President's message, [523];
executive journal of, [524];
answer to President's address to 1st session, 4th Congress, [594].
Sequestration of British debts.—See Great Britain.
Sevier, John, Representative from North Carolina, [260].
Sherburne, John S., Representative from New Hampshire, [455], [527], [604];
on a stenographer to the House, [630].
Sherburne, Upton, Representative from Maryland, [317].
Sherman, Roger, Representative from Connecticut, [21], [175], [255];
views on the proposition to lay duties on Madeira wine, [31];
on oaths of State officers, [53];
on necessity of impost duties, [61], [65];
on committee of conference respecting title of President, [68];
opposed to embracing African slaves in a bill for duties on goods, &c., [73];
further remarks, [74];
on limiting the period of the impost bill, [80];
further remarks, [84];
on naturalization of pauper emigrants, [84];
on admission of Rhode Island, [101];
on the removal of officers by a general law, [108];
on compensation of Vice President, [121];
offers a resolution respecting the form of amendment of the constitution, [133];
remarks, [136], [137];
do. note, [137];
on the amendment to the constitution relative to the freedom of conscience, [137];
on the right of instruction, [139];
on the place for a seat of Government, [159], [166];
on report of Secretary of the Treasury, [183];
on committee on Pennsylvania memorial, [209];
on memorial of officers of the navy, [240];
further remarks, [240];
on a seat of Government, [242];
further remarks, [248];
on answer to President's message, [257];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [267], [269];
on excise bill, [265];
further remarks, [270], [272];
on the commitment of the bill for a Bank of the United States, [273];
Senator from Connecticut, [309], [380].
Short, William, proposed to the Senate as Minister to France, [15];
his fitness considered, [15];
appointment to charge during the absence of the Minister, confirmed, [15].
Sinnickson, Thomas, Representative from New Jersey, [27], [175], [255];
on duty on beer, [34];
opposes a limit to the impost bill, [77];
further remarks, [83];
appointed on a committee to draft a bill relative to the importation of African slaves, [84].
Sitgreaves, Samuel, Representative from Pennsylvania, [604];
on the admission of Tennessee, [758].
Slavery and Slave Trade.—Address of the annual assembly of Friends in Philadelphia, and one of the society of Friends in New York, against the continuance of the slave trade, considered, [201];
motion to refer to a committee, [201];
contrary to usual proceeding to commit to-day, [201];
why is its second reading pressed to-day? 201;
reference urged, [201];
no apprehension from commitment at once—constitution secures the rights, [202];
any measures indicative of an intention to interfere may sink the value of this kind of property, [202];
men have come here to meddle in a business with which they have nothing to do, [202];
the memorialists are influenced by motives of benignity, [202];
if the importation was crushed, the value of the slave would be increased instead of diminished, [202];
if it was abolished through interference of General Government, it would evince a disposition to total emancipation, and the property be in jeopardy, [202];
is the whole morality of the United States confined to Quakers? 203;
the petition desires an unconstitutional act, [203];
no foundation for apprehension, [203];
it is proper to commit the petition, [204];
no importance to the question unless members made it so, [204];
the memorialists should be dismissed, [204];
petition laid over, [205];
memorial of Pennsylvania Society for abolition of slavery, [207];

memorial of Friends in Philadelphia read second time, [208];
petition of Friends contains unconstitutional requests, [208];
any thing unconstitutional denied, [208];
it prayed for an unconstitutional measure, and its commitment would sound alarm, [208];
strictly constitutional, [208];
no difficulty in committing the memorial—committee would understand their business, [209];
language of the constitution on the importation of slaves, [209];
it prays for the abolition of slavery, [209];
the present is not a time to consider the subject, [209];
the present a proper time to determine the constitutional limits, [209];
no power in the House to grant the prayer, and therefore unnecessary to commit, [209];
jealousy of Southern States, [210];
the States would never have entered the confederacy if their property had not been guaranteed to them, [210];
the memorialists do not ask total abolition of the slave trade, but that Congress will consider if they can exercise justice and mercy, [210];
no tendency in the commitment to break in on the constitution—the object is worthy of consideration, [211];
the interference of Congress compatible with the constitution, [211];
nothing in the petition like what was complained of, [211];
the petitioners pray Congress to take measures for abolition of slave trade, [211];
commitment carried, [211];
debate on the report upon the memorial of the people called Quakers, [229];
moved to strike out the first paragraph, [229];
contents of report, [229];
total prohibition not produce difficulties, [229];
particulars which took place in the course of the investigation of the business, [229];
pernicious consequences likely to flow from interference of Congress, [229];
humane treatment of the slaves, [229];
Quakers enemies of freedom, [229];
warm altercation, [229];
injustice of the measure of interference, [230];
powers of Congress respecting slavery and slave trade, [230];
an indecent attack on the character of certain States, [230];
interference contrary to Quaker principles, [230];
where does the power of manumission reside? 230;
plans of the friends of emancipation, [231];
negroes are inferior race, [231];
slavery is no new thing, [231];
does slavery weaken the Southern States? 231;
is public opinion against slavery? 232;
this squeamishness is very extraordinary, [232];
consequences of emancipation, [233];
if importation prohibited, will that species become extinct? 233;
will the abolition strengthen South Carolina? 233;
does toleration of slavery bring reproach on America? 233;
does slavery vitiate and debase the mind of the owner? 234;
was South Carolina wanting in patriotism? 234;
the cruel mode of transportation, [235];
the clause in the constitution was designed to apply expressly to negro slaves, [235];
now is the time to declare the sense of Congress, [236];
irregularities of the course of the debate, [236];
Paley on slavery, [236];
the genius of the government in relation to slavery and slave trade, [237];
characters of the signers of the memorials, [237];
character of Franklin, [238];
moved to take up report of Committee of the Whole, [238];
every principle of policy and concern for the dignity of the House and peace of the country requires it to be dropped, [238];
reasons for taking it up, [238];
ordered that report and memorials be inserted in the journal, [338];
note, [239]. See Duties on imports, [73].
Abolition Petitions.—Petition of Warner Mifflin on negro slavery considered, [397];
after what has passed, the subject is started again, [397];
if a stop is not put to such proceedings, the Southern States would be compelled to apply to the General Government for their interference, [397];
moved that the paper be returned to the Clerk, &c., [397];
on the general principle every citizen has a right to petition the Legislature, [397];
the subject is not properly before the House, [397];
every citizen has a right to petition for a redress of grievances, but the present paper is mere rant, and concludes with no specific prayer, [397];
if favorably received, it would occasion alarm in the Southern States, [397];
motion agreed to, [397].
To prohibit carrying on the slave trade, bill considered, [480];
amendments proposed, [480];
ordered to be engrossed, [480].
To require foreigners to renounce their slaves before admission to citizenship—motion, [558];
debate thereon, [558];
motion withdrawn, [560];
do. renewed, [566];
do. vote on, [566].
Slaves, African.—Duty on importation, proposed, [73];
debated, [73];
deported, of the Revolution, [525];
importation of, see Duties on imports.
Smilie, John, Representative from Pennsylvania, [455], [528];
on the pay of soldiers, [459];
on the relief of the French emigrants, [474];
on the preparations for the Algerine War, [478];
against increase of the army, [515];
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, [568].
Smith, Isaac, Representative from New Jersey, [604];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [675].
Smith, Israel, Representative from Vermont, [317], [388], [455], [527], [604].
Smith, Jeremiah, Representative from New Hampshire, [315], [388], [455], [527], [604];
on election of President, [334].
Smith, Nathaniel, Representative from Connecticut, [609].
Smith, Samuel, Representative from Maryland, [455], [555], [605];
on the reception of the French emigrants from St. Domingo, [462];
do. on the relief of do., [474];
on the commerce of the United States, [473];
on the Algerine War, [476];
on the sequestration of British debts, [483];
on the renunciation of nobility for citizenship, [562];
on establishing Indian trading houses, [639];
on the execution of the British treaty, [732];
on the army establishment, [760].
Smith, William, Representative from Maryland, [21], [175], [255];
opposes high duties, [33];
appointed on Committee of Supplies, [46];
opposes law of tonnage duties, [54];
on the site for the seat of Government, [166].
Smith, William, Representative from South Carolina, [27], [175], [255], [315], [388], [455], [527], [604];
his eligibility, [33];
opposes duty on salt, as it will lead to dissatisfaction, [39];
opposes present consideration of duty on African slaves, [73];
favors limiting the period of impost bill, [79];
on power of President to remove Secretary of State, [86];
remarks on diseligibility, [94];
on the President's power of removal, [102];
on the compensation of Vice President, [122];
on the mode of amending the constitution, [134];
further remarks, [136];
on the obligation of instructions, [139];
on the constitutional requirement for a seat of Government, [159];
reports an answer to the President's speech, [178];
on the propriety of restraints to naturalization, [186];
further remarks, [188];
offers resolutions on public credit, [190];
benefits of a funded debt, [191];
fund or pay, [200];
opposes reception of the Quaker memorial, [203];
unnecessary to commit Pennsylvania memorial, [209];
further remarks, [211], [230];
discrimination of public creditors, [214];
on answer to President's message, [257];
further remarks, [257], [258];
on a seat of Government, [248];
offers resolution relative to eulogium of Dr. Franklin, [259];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [267], [269];
on the commitment of the bill for a Bank of the United States, [272];
speech on the bank, [291];
further, [296];
is a resignation a constitutional vacancy? 329;
on emblems on American coins, [371];
on discharging the committee on defeat of St. Clair, [393];
on reduction of the army, [400];
reports a bill to regulate the claims of invalid pensions, [406];
reports mode of examining votes for President, &c., [417];
on reference to Committee of the Whole the resolutions relative to the official conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, [418];
on official conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, [422];
on the result of the votes on, [439];
on the commerce of the United States, [464];
on the propriety of sequestering the British debts, [485];
in favor of continuing the embargo, [499], [502];
urges duties on manufactured tobacco and refined sugar, [507], [509];
on the delegate south of the Ohio, [529];
on the President's speech, [534];
on thanks to General Wayne, [542], [543];
on damages by Pennsylvania insurgents, [547];
on the renunciation of titles for citizenship, [563], [565];
on reference of the letter of the Secretary of War, [567];
on the reduction of salaries, [573];
on the right to Indian lands within a State, [577];
on the attempt at bribery by Robert Randall, [609];
on the Randall bribery case, [614];
on the resolution relative to bribery, [621];
on the support of existing establishments, [625];
on call for papers relative to British treaty, [640];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [651];
on the admission of Tennessee, [756];
on the military and naval appropriation, [764], [765], [766].
Snuff, duty fixed, [41].
Spirits, all other, duty on, [113].
Sprigg, Thomas, Representative from Maryland, [458], [566].
South Carolina, vote for President, [10], [385].
Stanton, Joseph, Jr., Senator from Rhode Island, [254], [309], [383].
State Department, bill to establish, considered, [15];
Secretary of, called before the Senate to give explanations, [16];
practice now superseded, note, [16]. See Executive Department.
State, Secretary of, mode of appointment, [86];
how removed, debate on, [86].
St. Clair, General, defeat of, considered, [390];
resolution requiring the attendance of the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of War in the House, to furnish information needed for an investigation of the causes of St. Clair's defeat, [390];
moved to strike out so much as requires the attendance of the Secretaries, [390];
resolution improper—the Secretaries are not impeached, [391];
importance of the information they can give, [391];
the information had better be in writing, [391];
the measure would introduce a bad precedent, [391];
a thorough investigation, highly important, [391];
this mode the best possible, [391];
not necessary in the present state of the business, [391];
the information must be had, [391];
no advantage to arise from adopting the resolution, [391];
now is not the proper time to call for information, [392];
remarks on the report, [392];
importance of the investigation, a million dollars involved, [392];
peculiar position of the Secretaries, [392];
both implicated in the failure of the expedition, [392];
resolution lost, [393];
motion to discharge the Committee of the Whole, [393];
the only proper course is to consider the report, [393];
report perfectly satisfactory, [393];
what is the situation of those implicated in the failure? 394;
no disposition to smother inquiry, [394];
the House can get through the subject in a shorter time than a committee, [394];
shall the House or a select committee establish the facts, [394];
effects of finding some of the officers culpable by either, [394];
uniform practice of the House to recommit, [394];
Secretaries attended only once on the committee, and were anxious to leave, [395];
in the case of the contested election the House reserved the right of establishing the facts, [395];
other points considered, [395];
recommitment agreed to, [395].
Steel, Unwrought, duty on, proposed, [35];
adopted, [36].
Steele, John, Representative from North Carolina, [315], [388];
on ratio of Representation, [322];
on discharging committee in case of St. Clair, [395];
on petition of Warner Mifflin on negro slavery, [397];
on the reduction of the army, [398];
further remarks, [403], [407], [411].
Sterrett, Samuel, Representative from Maryland, [315], [410].
Stenographer to the House, debate on, [629];
object to find a person who would satisfy the House and the public, [630];
other considerations urged, [631], [632].
Stone, Michael Jenifer, Representative from Maryland, [102], [175];
on the compensation of the President, [117];
further remarks on amount, [119];
do. Vice President, [122];
opposes discrimination in the pay of members of the two Houses, [126];
on the mode of amending the constitution, [135];
further remarks, [135];
opposes the amendment of constitution relative to the right of instruction, [141];
on the location of a seat of Government, [152];
do. on Harrisburg as a seat, [153];
further remarks, [166];
on the powers of Congress and rights of the States respecting naturalized citizens, [188];
thinks interference with the importation of African slaves will tend to depreciate their value, [202];
on discrimination among the public creditors, [221];
on memorial of officers of navy, [240];
on a seat of Government, [243];
on price of public lands, [261];
further remarks, [262];
on excise bill, [263];
further remarks, [267], [271];
speech on the Bank of the United States, [292].
St. Paul's Chapel, service at, upon the inauguration of Washington, [12].
Strong, Caleb, Senator from Massachusetts, [9], [168], [309], [380], [445], [523], [591];
on committee on rules of first Congress, [10];
on manner of electing chaplains, [10];
on rules of business, [10];
appointed on Judiciary Committee, first Congress, [19];
on committee to wait on Vice President, [11];
on the resolution relative to the presentation of the French flag, [598].
Sturges, Jonathan, Representative from Connecticut, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388].
Sugars, duty on, [33].
Sumter, Thomas, Representative from North Carolina, [175], [320], [388];
on the location of a seat of Government, [151];
opposition to bill organizing State Department, [108];
on the petition of Catharine Greene, [338], [341].
Swanwick, John, Representative from Pennsylvania, [604];
on establishing Indian trading houses, [625], [634];
on a stenographer for the House, [629], [631];
on rights of the House relative to treaties, [642];
on the execution of the British treaty, [707];
on the sense of the House relative to the British treaty, [751].
Swift, Zephaniah, Representative from Connecticut, [457], [527], [604];
on conducting the Algerine war, [478];
on the legality of sequestering the British debts, [491];
on the constitutionality of admitting a territorial delegate, [528], [530];
on indemnification to sufferers by Pennsylvania insurgents, [547], [548], [552];
on establishing Indian trading houses, [624];
on the pay of the Speaker, [638], [639];
on the resolutions relative to the refusal of the President to furnish papers on the British treaty, [701].
Sylvester, Peter, Representative from New York, [43], [175], [255], [315], [389];
on oaths of State officers, [52];
favors limitation of impost bill, [83];
on the impeachment clause of the constitution, [88];
on Pennsylvania memorial, [209].
T
Talbot, Silas, Representative from New York, [455].
Tanners of Newark, N. J., petition of, [360];
referred to committee, [364];
do. of New York, [370].
Tatom, Absalom, Representative from North Carolina, [604].
Taylor, John, Senator from Virginia, [445];
do. resigned, [524].
Tazewell, Henry, Senator from Virginia, [524], [594];
on answer to President's speech, [596];
on resolutions relative to presentation of French flag, [600].
Teas, duty on, considered, [32];
proposed duty on, [41];
debated, [41];
duty fixed, [42].
Telfair, Edward, votes for, as Vice President, in 1789, [10].
Tennessee, bill for laying out, before the Senate, [601].
Tennessee, Admission of, report relative to territory south of the Ohio River considered, [754];
the people inhabiting any territory of the United States, cannot of their mere will and pleasure, and without the consent of Congress, erect themselves into a separate and independent State, [754];
a law might be passed now to provide for it, [754];
no reason for objecting to receive those people as a State, [755];
the State Government is already organized and in operation, [755];
statement of proceeding in Tennessee, [755];
under the ordinance they had a clear right to be admitted, for they had the population required, [755];
one State preferable to two, [755];
the Government is Republican, and the population adequate to admit the State at once, [756];
course of proceeding which should have been taken, [756];
terms of the compact considered, [757];
constructions of the compact, [758];
right claimed for the people, [759];
resolution reported by committee adopted, [759];
moved that some law should be passed by Congress recognizing the territory as a State before they were admitted into the Union—negatived, [759].
Territories.—See Delegate from Territories.
Thatcher, George, Representative from Massachusetts, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388], [455], [527], [604];
on duty on molasses, [29];
do. on salt beef, [34];
on the flag of the Union, [461];
on the Randall bribery case, [615].
Thomas, Richard, Representative from Pennsylvania, [604].
Thompson, Charles, appointed by the Senate to notify Washington of his election, [10];
writes to the Senate respecting his notification of Washington, [11].
Thompson, Mark, Representative from New Jersey, [604].
Title of President and Vice President, [11];
House committee thereon, [12];
report of same made, [12];
message from the House thereon, [13];
committee of conference appointed by Senate, [13];
consideration of original report postponed, [14];

disagreement of committee of conference, [14];
resolution of the Senate respecting the same, [14];
report of House committee thereon, [47];
message from Senate on, [58];
message from Senate—debate thereon, [65];
debate on resolution against a committee of conference with the Senate on titles of President and Vice President, [65];
constitution prescribes the power of the House respecting titles, [66];
a committee of conference should not be appointed because it is a subject which the House has no right to consider, [66];
the House agreed no title should be conferred, and a joint committee so reported, but the Senate resolved upon a title, and ask our concurrence, [66];
excite alarm among those who fear that the constitution is hostile to popular liberty, [66];
to countenance such a measure would be an indignity to the House, [66];
conference unnecessary, [67];
a respect due to the Senate, [67];
titles harmless, [67];
add no power, [67];
they diminish the true dignity and importance of a Republic, [67];
a committee of conference very proper, [67];
a committee unnecessary, [67];
umbrage should not be given to the Senate, [67];
no purpose secured by a committee, [67];
subject better be dropped, [68];
the proposition of a title is trifling with the dignity of the Government, [68];
a committee of conference could be appointed without seeming to countenance the measure, [68];
after having adopted the report of the committee it would derogate from their dignity to rescind a unanimous resolution, [68];
committee appointed, [69].
Tobacco, manufactured, duty fixed, [41].
Tonnage Duties, proposed, [23];
debate thereon, [48], [53];
fixed, [57];
method of discussing the subject, note, [57]. See Duties on Tonnage.
Tracy, Uriah, Representative from Connecticut, [455], [527], [604];
on duties on tobacco and sugar, [510];
on the President's speech, [533];
on exclusion of titled foreigners from citizenship, [558], [564];
on reference of letter of Secretary of War, [569];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [672].
Treasury Department.—See Executive Departments.
Treasury, Report of Secretary of.—Motion that the Secretary of the Treasury's report be in writing, [177];
if he reports in person he can answer inquiries, [177];
propriety doubted, [177];
if the report is written it will be better understood, [177];
the importance and extent of the subject is such it should be in writing, [177];
motion carried, [177];
report under consideration, [182];
postponement moved, [182];
it embraces two important objects: first, that all idea of discrimination
among the public creditors as original holders and transferees, ought to be
done away; second, the assumption of the State debts by the General Government, [182];
the States should be consulted, [182];
a considerable postponement required, [182];
speculation is rife—if postponed too long fluctuations will be still greater, [182];
postponed until North Carolina enters the Union, [183];
Congress possess all the information necessary to act on the measure, [183];
speculation has existed since the securities were first issued, [183];
the subject of the State debts should not be decided until the sense of the Legislatures is known, [183];
the postponement should be long enough to enable members to enter on the task with understanding, and the spirit of speculation should be counteracted at the earliest practicable period, [183];
impossible to suppress speculation, [183];
the policy of speculation, [184];
the speculation arisen since the report was denounced, [184];
objects of the report submitted in the form of independent resolutions, [190];
assumption of State debts considered, [191];
doubtful if a permanent funded debt is beneficial or not, [191];
history of funded debts, [191];
a precedent that will bring ruin, [191];
debts of the States unknown, [192];
the funding will occasion enormous taxes for interest, [192];
all that can be done is to provide funds for the gradual extinction, [192];
funding a small debt is beneficial, [192];
we have a debt already and some funds must be appropriated for payment of interest, [192];
the foreign and domestic debt carry very material distinctions, [193];
the domestic securities should be considered in a depreciated state, [193];
an equivalent was not received for them in hard cash like the foreign debt, [193];
domestic debt should be liquidated at its real value, [193];
terms proposed by the Secretary, [193];
the Government is in a very different situation with respect to foreign and domestic creditors, [194];
we are not judges of the claims of our creditors, but parties to the contract, [194];
if we are parties, what would be the decision before a court of justice, [194];
the French loans, [195];
no distinction between foreign and domestic creditors, [195];
the face of the paper is our guide, the demand is not to be lessened, [195];
if it is intended to reduce either, the principles on which such a measure is founded should be considered, [195];
nature of the public contract, [196];
the same argument might be applied to paying the Continental debts at their nominal value, [196];
the present Government should pay the debts of the United States, but as the domestic part has been contracted in depreciated notes, less than six per cent. interest should be paid on it, [196];
if the Government is one party and the individual the other, who is the judge? 197;
can two parties exist in a well organized government to dispute about property and have no judge? 197;
is not the want of consideration a good plea? 197;
we stand in the same condition as the late Congress, who are admitted to be parties, [197];
the Government should be at liberty to ascertain the amount of the debts assumed as the motion contemplates, [197];
discrimination and liquidation the two great points involved, [198];
manner in which the debt was contracted, [198];
if the certificates, at the time they were issued, were taken for only a small part of their face, they should not now be raised to the full amount, [198];
debts of the United States of four kinds, [199];
their character, [199];
the subject should be decided at this time, [199];
a discrimination of some kind necessary, [200];
three classes of creditors, [200];
the obligations of each considered, [200].
To discriminate between original creditors and present holders, &c., moved, [205];
extent and form in which the debt exists, [205];
the United States owes the value they have received, and which they acknowledge, [205];
to whom is payment really due? 205;
four classes of creditors, [205];
the principles that govern the decision of their respective pretensions considered, [205], [206];
motion to amend original proposition, [207];
the debt is still due, and if the owner has transferred it shall we disown his act? 207;
the nature of contracts, [211];
their transferability, [212];
the property of the certificates is now vested in the transferees, [212];
if they are now divested by Government, it is an ex post facto law, [212];
the proposed discrimination, [212];
effects of, [213];
this doctrine repugnant to the interests and prosperity of the Union, [213];
the States are restrained from passing laws violating contracts, [213];
public justice requires a performance of contracts, [213];
the new paper given might be subject to another liquidation on the same principle, [214];
the proposition is unjust, impolitic, and impracticable, [214];
strict justice the plain line of conduct, [215];
other objections, [215];
the debt is the price of our liberties, and cannot be diminished a farthing, but the measure proposed does diminish it, [215];
the obligation of the debt is not denied, the difficulty is how it shall be discharged, [216];
the justice of discrimination, [216];
the army repudiate discrimination, [217];
no Legislature should interfere with a contract—but it does not appear that the transaction between the original holders and the purchasers of certificates was a fair one, [217];
other points in favor of the measure, [218];
justice or legality of the measure—its practicability or policy and consequences, [219];
the claim of the soldier just, [219];
state of public opinion, [220];
seven-eighths of the debt has not been disposed of from necessity, [220];
inequitability of the measure not shown, [221];
how far will this measure operate as a precedent? 221;
a review of the grounds upon which the proposition has been combated, [223];
the United States cannot pay in full original creditors or assignees, what course is just and expedient? 226;
all parties understood there would be no discrimination in certificates transferable, [227];
other objections examined, [227];
the ability of the Government and the claims of assignees, [228];
motion lost, [228];
note, [228], [250].
Official Conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, considered, [418];
moved that nine resolutions on the subject be referred to the Committee of the Whole, [418];
discussion of them unnecessary and unwarranted, [418];
much time be wasted on them, [419];
objections to the first resolution, [419];
do. second do., [419];
do. third do. 419;
the last one objectionable, for the preceding ones determine the guilt and the last directs the President to remove the Secretary, [419];
too short time remaining to consider the resolutions, [420];
the abstract propositions should be decided first, the others are unwarranted by facts, [420];
most unheard of course against a party accused, [420];
no opportunity offered for defence, [420];
the first resolution of great importance, [420];
the Secretary differs from others in his opinion respecting his powers and the constitutional obligation respecting the acts of appropriation, [420];
shall the Secretary be bound by our acts of appropriation or not? 421;
the first resolution is no part of the others, but should be determined, [421];
all referred excepting the first, second, and ninth resolutions, [421];
the third resolution, charging that the Secretary had violated the law by applying a certain portion of the principal borrowed to the payment of interest falling due on the principal, which was not authorized, and by drawing part of the same moneys into the United States without the instructions of the President, considered, [421];
what regards the right of drawing money into the country, [421];
the case examined 422;
the charges of mismanagement so long before the public have now assumed shape, [422];
change in the tone of the charges since the session commenced, [422];
no self-interested pecuniary considerations imputed to the Secretary, [423];
the charge consists of two items, [423];
each examined in detail, [423].
No greatness of character known in the Executive Departments, [424];
was the money appropriated to special and distinct purposes, and did the Secretary apply the money to other uses than the law directed? 424;
both points considered, [424];
if a responsible officer has violated the laws he should be called to account, [425];
the testimony compared with the facts, [425]; can any necessity be shown for deviations from positive law? 426;
attempt to show that the Legislature were not ignorant of the drafts of the Secretary, [426];
money borrowed in Europe was economically applied to paying interest there, [426];
the inquiry is, whether a debt was paid out of this or that fund, [426];
the whole business reviewed, [426];
even if the Secretary made the drafts without the instructions of the President, it is not probably reprehensible, [426];
the act was not a financial operation to avoid the necessity of drawing and remitting, [427];
the interest was not paid out of the principal of the loan, [427];
the President is the principal and the Secretary the agent, [427];
impossible to account for the conduct of the Secretary, [427];
to judge of his conduct we must consider his duties, and whether a necessity existed to justify his drawing, [427];
if the Secretary has paid what was due, what, then, is the complaint, [428];
no law has been violated, nor any rule of propriety departed from, [428];
the drafts were made agreeably to the instructions of the President, [429];
did the authority from the President and his subsequent instructions authorize the Secretary to consolidate the loans? if so, he acted legally, [429];
both charges examined, [430];
the reports of the committee, [481];
the questions now are questions of fact, [431];
these facts are too clearly supported by the reports of the Secretary and accompanying documents to be denied or controverted, [431];
this position investigated, [431];
can the Executive, without special permission, apply the excess of one fund to the deficiency of another? 433;
the drawing money without the instructions of the President established by the documents, [433];
both points rest on the most solid proofs, [434];
on the necessity of sometimes departing from the strictness of legal appropriations, [434];
the authority of the Secretary in the special case of loans must be derived from the President, [435];
the recent drafts, [435].
No proof to support the charges, [436];
if there had been, there is nothing criminal in them, [436];
insufficient reports of the Secretary, [437];
third resolution disagreed to, [438];
fourth resolution disagreed to, [438];
fifth resolution disagreed to, [438];
sixth resolution disagreed to, [438];
seventh resolution disagreed to, [439];
eighth resolution disagreed to, [439];
after such a large vote the Secretary cannot be criminated, [439];
review of the arguments against the Secretary, [439].
Treaty with Great Britain.—Ratification of, [525];
note, [525], [639];
resolution calling for papers relative to the treaty with Great Britain, [640];
reasons for calling for the papers, [640];
opposed for want of a declared object within cognizance of the House, and because it was the groundwork of the dangerous doctrine that the House had a right to adjudge, adopt, or to reject treaties generally, [640];
no other source of information, [640];
constitutional questions likely to arise in course of debate, [640];
does the general power of making treaties supersede the powers of the House and leave it only an executive and ministerial instrumental agency? 641;
no propriety in the resolution, and no question of the constitutionality of the treaty, [641];
House has a right to inquire into the conduct of the officers concerned, [641];
preceding arguments reviewed, [641];
is the power of the President and Senate as to treaties complete? 641;
power of control of English House of Commons, [642];
true meaning of the power of appropriation in the constitution, [642];
a discretion exists in the House, [642];
legislative power completely vested in Congress—to pass laws discretion is implied—the House must judge when it is required to act, [642];
words of the constitution respecting treaties, [643];
papers unnecessary, and to call for them is an unconstitutional and improper interference with the Executive Department, [643];
the House has a right to ask for the papers, because their co-operation and sanction was necessary to carry the treaty into effect—because
they had full discretion to give or refuse that co-operation, and must be guided in the exercise of that discretion by the merits and expediency of the treaty, [644];
what treaties unconstitutional, [644];
consequences of the treaty power being unlimited and undefined, [645];
House has a check on treaty-making power, [645];
authorities referred to, [645];
propriety of the resolution, [647];
what powers has the constitution given, and to what departments have they been distributed? 647;
view of legislative and treaty-making powers, [648];
how is the will of the people expressed in the constitution to be understood? 648;
different constructions of the constitution, [649];
extent of the treaty-making power in relation to the objects specially and expressly submitted to the legislative power of Congress, [650];
treaty power solely delegated to the President and Senate, [651];
practice of Congress, [652];
there are cases in which the House has not the right of withholding appropriations, [652];
is there any provision in the constitution by which the House can check the treaty-making power, or question the merits of treaties under any circumstances? 653;
review of arguments, [654];
must resort to the constitution to know the extent and limits of our power, [657];
arguments against the exclusive treaty-making power considered, [658];
this doctrine is inconsistent with the constitution and the law of nations, [659];
the state of the question, [660];
words of the constitution, [660];
have we a right to exercise our judgment on the treaty? is the question, [661];
depends on a rational construction of the fundamental principles of government, as drawn from the histories of nations, [661];
construction of the constitution, [662];
the treaty is now the law of the land, and no act of Congress is or can be necessary to make it so, [662];
no right to require papers where there is no obligation to obey, [664];
different kinds of treaties, [664];
power given to Congress to regulate commerce considered, [665];
if these sentiments prevail, the small States would be deprived of one of their most essential rights, [666];
when treaties contain stipulations bearing a relation to the specific power vested in the Legislature, the House has a right to take cognizance of it, as it is proved by three considerations, [666];
these examined, [667];
the express words of the constitution will not support either position without a liberty of construction—what construction is most agreeable to the general principles of the constitution? 668;
exposition of the constitution and the position of the opposition, [660];
the right to call for papers sanctioned by the uniform practice of the House, [670];
practice in cases of former treaties, [671];
note, [671];
view of the constitutional rights of the House, [671];
these rights considered in two points of view, [672];
case of the proclamation of neutrality, [674];
the construction of the constitution advanced, [674];
explanation of the original resolution, [675];
does the treaty operate by way of obligation? 676;
is it paramount to a law, and can it repeal law, although itself cannot be acted upon by the legislative power? 677;
this question considered, [677];
objections to the power of the House considered, [678];
precedents examined relative to a call for papers, [681];
objections urged by the advocates of the power of the House considered, [682], [683];
authority of the United States examined, [685];
the House cannot legislate without information, [686];
what does the constitution say? 686;
if the doctrines now urged prevail, they will make inroads on the constitution, [687];
the propriety of calling for papers if the Legislature have no part in making treaties, [687];
points of the subjects reviewed, [688];
duty to look into every treaty, [690];
what was the constitution of the United States? 690;
resolution as offered, [692];
passed, [692]; note, [692].
Message of the President declining to send papers, [693];
note, [693];
debate on reference of the answer, [694], [695];
answer referred to Committee of the Whole, [696];
resolutions introduced relative to the class of treaties over which the House claims a right of judgment, and limits it to those which involve a matter which has been specially granted to Congress, [696];
important occasion when two of the constituted authorities of the Government interpret differently the extent of their respective powers? 696;
message considered, [697];
it related to two points, the application for the papers and the constitutional rights of Congress and of the House of Representatives on the subject of treaties, [697];
these points examined, [698], [699], [700], [701];
resolutions adopted, [702];
note, [702].
Execution of the Treaty, considered, [702];
resolution to carry it into effect, [702];
the proposition must be determined by the fact of whether the treaty was a good one, or whether there were extraneous reasons for putting it in force, [703];
the merits of the treaty considered as it relates to the execution of the treaty of 1783, as it determines the several points in the law of nations, and as it respects the commerce between the two nations, [703], [704], [705];
extraneous circumstances—the treaty continues two years—consequences of not carrying it into effect, [706];
principles of the treaty considered, [707];
merits of the treaty, [707];
admission to British ports, [707];
article respecting British debts, [707];
sequestration of debts, [707];
articles of a temporary nature considered, [709];
Burke on the commerce of the American colonies, [710];
points which pressed themselves on the negotiation and demanded provision, [711], [712];
the contents of the treaty examined, [714], [715], [716], [717];
the commercial part of the treaty examined, [718];
want of reciprocity in the instrument, [720];
view of the origin of the treaty—party dissensions which then prevailed, [720];
critical posture of our affairs, &c., considered, [720], [721];
objected against the treaty that a claim for negroes and other property taken at New York had been overlooked, [722];
has not the ownership of the property changed under the law of nations? 722;
correspondence of the commissioners, [723], [724];
consequences if the treaty is rejected, [725];
treaty is unconstitutional and pernicious, [726];
if the treaty is executed we admit the ground taken by the Executive, [728];
merits of the treaty, [729];
prejudice against the treaty in the public mind, [729];
the permanent and the temporary part of the treaty considered, [730];
the only question is, whether they would or would not appropriate money to carry the treaty into effect, [730];
objections to the treaty considered, [731];
the negotiation was advisable, and the only means of avoiding war, [734];
consequences of rejecting the treaty, [734];
three objects embraced in the treaty, [735];
on the expediency of carrying the treaty into effect, [736], [737];
free bottoms make free goods, [737];
effects of rejecting the treaty, [738], [739];
treaty of 1783, [741];
threats of war if treaty rejected, [742];
constitutional rights of the House to be looked at with candor, [744];
will we observe the treaty or break it? is the only question, [745];
consequences of its rejection, [746], [747];
the good and prosperity of the people should be the primary object, [748];
notwithstanding the objections to the treaty the appropriations ought to be granted, [749];
resolution carried in committee by vote of the Chairman, [750].
Resolution offered in the House expressive of its opinion of the treaty, [751];
debate on its propriety, [751];
amendment lost—resolutions for executing the treaty passed, [753];
note, [754].
Tredwell, Thomas, Representative from New York, [315], [388], [457], [528].
Trumbull, Jonathan, Representative from Connecticut, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388],

[455], [527];
on a committee to report a bill regulating oaths, [22];
elected Speaker, [315];
speech on taking the chair, [315];
moves an amendment to the bill on the slave trade, [480];
Senator from Connecticut, [591].
Tucker, Thomas Tudor, Representative from South Carolina, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388];
takes part in the debates on laying duties on imports, [25];
opposes duty on salt beef, [34];
do. on candles, [34];
on duty on unwrought steel, [35];
opposes duty on nails, [38];
opposes duty on salt as unequal, [39];
on high duties, [44];
favors low tonnage duties, [56];
advocates moderate duties on imports, [57], [58];
opposes the appointment of committee of conference in reference to title of President, [66];
favors reduction of duty on molasses, if those on other articles are reduced, [69];
repels insinuation of a bargain, [69];
opposes the motion to lay a duty on African slaves, [74];
gives reason for his vote on limitation of the impost bill, [83];
on the Treasury Department, [109];
on compensation of President, [117];
further remarks on same, [119];
on the difficulty of amending the constitution, [144];
on the principles which should control the selection of a seat of Government, [147];
further remarks, [152];
on a short period of residence for naturalization, [185];
further remarks, [187], [190];
favors discrimination among the public creditors, [200];
urges the dismission of the Quaker memorial, [205];
on the commitment of the bill for a Bank of the United States, [273].
Turner, George, memorial of, [335].
V
Van Allen, John E., Representative from New York, [455], [527], [604].
Van Cortlandt, Philip, Representative from New York, [455], [527], [604].
Van Gaasbeck, Peter, Representative from New York, [458], [528].
Van Rensselaer, Jeremiah, Representative from New York, [58].
Van Rensselaer, Stephen, Representative from New York, [175], [260].
Varnum, Joseph B., Representative from Massachusetts, [204];
on the pay of the Speaker, [639].
Venable, Abraham, Representative from Virginia, [388], [455], [528], [604];
on the attendance of the Secretary of War, [390], on the President's speech, [538];
on the Pennsylvania insurgents, [552];
on amending naturalization laws, [556];
on the resolutions relative to intruders on Indian lands, [584], [586];
on the military and naval appropriation, [764];
on the sense of the House relative to the British treaty, [752].
Vermont—Vote for President in 1793, [385].
Vessels.—Registering and clearing bills, on, [129].
Vice President, ordered to sign the answer to Washington's inaugural, in behalf of the Senate, [13];
takes the oath, [15];
compensation of, [17], [120];
fixed, [123];
his term of office, when commenced, [171];
letter to the Mayor of New York, [174];
vote for in 1789, [10];
do. in 1793, [385].
Vining, John, Representative from Delaware, [51], [175], [259], [315], [442], [520], [591];
proposes the organization of a Home Department, [85];
further remarks, [86];
on the President's power to remove officers, [87];
moves the organization of a Domestic Department, [94];
on the President's power of removal, [104];
on the compensation of members of Congress, &c., [116];
further remarks, [119], [132];
introduces a resolution for a Home Department, [127];
remarks on, [127];
further remarks, [128];
on the form of amending the constitution, [134];
on the location of a seat of Government, [150];
on the banks of the Delaware for do., [161];
on a seat of Government, [245];
further remarks, [248];
on interference of excise officers in elections, [271];
on the commitment of a bill for a Bank of the United States, [274];
speech on the bank, [305];
on the ratio of representation, [326].
Virginia.—Vote for President in 1789, [10], [385];
county lands, report on, [129].
Virginia Legislature.—Offers ten miles square to United
States for a seat of Government, [76].
Vote, on limiting the time for the operation of the impost bill, [84];
on the President's power of removal, [90];
on striking out Susquehanna and inserting Potomac for the seat of Government, [159];
on motion for discrimination among public creditors, [228];
note, on do. 288;
on Quaker memorial, [238].
Votes, Electoral.—Counted in the presence of Senate and House in 1789, [10];
do. 385.
W
Wadsworth, Jeremiah, Representative from Connecticut, [21], [175], [255], [315], [455], [555];
appointed on committee to draft bill on tonnage duties, [57];
urges reduction of duty on molasses, [70];
on a Board of Treasury or Superintendent of Finance, [92];
on the right of instructions, [144];
on deliberation in fixing the seat of Government, [155];
further remarks, [160];
on discrimination among the public creditors, [220];
on the post office bill, [332];
on the petition of Catharine Greene, [339];
on the reduction of the army, [401];
further remarks, [407], [414];
on the pay of soldiers, [460], [466];
against the embargo laws, [499];
urges increased duty on coal in foreign vessels, [506];
on duties on manufactured tobacco and refined sugar, [509];
on the advance of money to France, [514];
on the rage against nobility, [561];
on defence of the frontiers, [570];
on the trial of intruders upon the Indians, [584];
on the protection of settlers, [587].
Wadsworth, Peleg, Representative from Massachusetts, [456], [527], [609].
Walker, Francis, Representative from Virginia, [455], [527].
Walker, John, appointed Senator by Governor of Virginia, [251].
Walton, George, Senator from Georgia, [591].
Ward, Artemas, Representative from Massachusetts, [315], [388], [455], [527].
War Department.—See Executive Departments.
Washington, George, elected President in 1789, [10];
votes for as President in 1789, [10];
do. 1793, [385];
proceedings at his inauguration, [12];
do. inaugural address, [12];
reply to the answer of the Senate to the inaugural address, [15];
day of his inauguration, Note, [46];
resolution for an equestrian statue, [330];
birthday—motion to adjourn, [638];
considered, [638];
motion lost, [638].
Watts, John, Representative from New York, [455], [527].
Wayne, Anthony, Representative from Georgia, [317];
on the petition of Catharine Greene, [335];
further remarks, [337].
Ways and Means, proposition to appoint a committee, [128].
Western Lands.—See Public Lands.
Wheaton, Joseph, appointed sergeant-at-arms, [315].
White, Alexander, Representative from Virginia, [21], [175], [255], [315], [388];
on committee to report a bill regulating oaths, [22];
advocates delay in fixing scale of duties on imports, [23];
further remarks, [25];
on duty on hemp, [37];
opposes duty on salt, [41];
report from Committee of Elections, [41];
presents resolution of Virginia Legislature, offering ten miles square to United States for seat of Government, [76];
thinks appropriation bills are limited by the constitution, [77];
further remarks, [81];
sustains the power of the President to remove certain officers, [88];
on the power of the President to remove Secretary of State, [102];
further remarks, [105];
opposes discrimination in the pay of members of the two Houses, [124];
on compensation of President, [119];
further remarks, [120];
on compensation of Vice President, [121];
on a Home Department, [127];
on amendments of the Senate to House bill on seat of Government, [165];
on admission of reporters of the press, [180];
on the constitutional power of Congress respecting naturalization, [186];
on discrimination among the public creditors, [217];
on report of committee on Quaker memorial, [229];
on a seat of Government, [242];
further remarks, [248];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [267];
on the meeting of the Electoral College, [333];
moves to strike out of bill all relative to vacancy of President, [334];
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, [351].
White, Rev. Bishop, elected chaplain of the Senate, [380].
White, James, delegate from territory south of Ohio River, [528].
Whitney, Charles, arrested with Robert Randall, [611];
examination of, [613].
Widows and Orphans, a bill making compensation to certain, considered, [410].
Williams, Benjamin, Representative from North Carolina, [455], [546];
on a salary for members of Congress, [636];
on post-roads, [637];
on the rights of the House relative to treaties, [680];
on the execution of the British treaty, [720];
on the army establishment, [759].
Williams, John, Representative from New York, [604].
Williamson, Hugh, Representative from North Carolina, [255], [315], [388];
on answer to President's message, [257];
further remarks, [257];
on selection of land by settlers, [260];
on vacancy in the Presidency, [267];
on the commitment of the bill for a Bank of the United States, [273];
on resignation of William Pinkney, [329];
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, [357];
on the emblems on American coins, [371];
on the resolution that the Secretary of the Treasury and at War attend the House, and report relative to defeat of St. Clair, [390];
against attendance of Secretary of War, [392];
on discharging committee on defeat of St. Clair, [394];
on protection of American commerce, [395];
on reduction of the army, [400];
further remarks, [414].
Willis, Francis, Representative from Georgia, [315], [388].
Wines, all other, discrimination opposed, [32]; duty on, [32].
Wingate, Paine, Senator from New Hampshire, [9], [168], [251], [309], [380].
Winn, Richard, Representative from South Carolina, [457], [528], [614].
Winston, Joseph, Representative from North Carolina, [457], [528].
Wool Cards, duty on, [41];
state of manufacture, [41].
Wynkoop, Henry, Representative from Pennsylvania, [21], [175], [255].
Y
Yeas and Nays on contested election of Wm. Smith, [99];
on the bill organizing the State Department, [108];
on embracing all the proposed amendments of the constitution in one report, [145];
on fixing the seat of Government on the Potomac, [161]; on Wilmington for the seat of Government, [161];
on Potomac, Susquehanna, or Delaware, instead of east bank of Susquehanna, [162];
Delaware instead of do., [162];
banks instead of east bank, [162];
on inserting, or Maryland, after "Pennsylvania," [162];
on Wilmington, instead of "city of New York," [163];
on "Philadelphia," instead of "New York," [163];
on proviso of Mr. Gale, [163];
on resolution for the appointment of Commissioners to fix the site for a seat of Government, [163];
on the bill to establish a seat of Government, [164];
on postponing consideration of amended bill relative to seat of Government, [166];
on the proviso of Mr. Madison relative to a seat of Government, [167];
in Senate on resolution relative to unfinished business, [171];
in Senate, on bill for non-intercourse with Rhode Island, [172];
on commitment of Pennsylvania memorial, [211];
on Quaker memorial, [238];
on motion to strike out "Potomac," and insert Delaware for seat of Government, [249];
on motion to strike out "Potomac," and insert Germantown, [249];
to strike out "Potomac," and insert Baltimore, [249];
on the passage of the bill fixing a seat of Government, [249];
on motion to strike out a clause of excise bill, [272];
on its passage, [272];
on the bill for a Bank of the United States, [308];
on the resolution respecting ratio of representation, [328];
on motion to amend by striking out second section of bill for the protection of the frontiers, [349];
on the bill for the encouragement of the cod fisheries, &c., [369];
on the resolutions relative to the courtesies of France, [370];
on receding from the amendment relative to the stamp of American coins, [373];
on the apportionment bill after it was vetoed, [374];
on its subsequent passage, [377];
on motion to strike out clause of the army reduction bill, [416];
on agreement of the House in said motion, [416];
on the passage of the bill relative to fugitives from justice, [417];
on the third resolution relative to the official conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, [438];
on the fourth resolution, &c., [438];
on the fifth resolution, &c., [438];
on the sixth resolution, &c., [438];
on the seventh resolution, [439];
on the question relating to, &c., [440];
on amendment of constitution in the Senate, excluding bank officers from Congress, [446];
relative to the interest of the United States in the bank, [446];
on Senate resolution relative to open doors, [448];
on the eligibility of Albert Gallatin, [452]; on postponing consideration of the commerce of the United States, [473];
on the bill making preparations for the Algerine war, [482];
on the resolutions of non-intercourse with Great Britain, [498];
on continuing the embargo, [502];
on the reference of the indemnity resolutions to the committee on sequestration of British debts, [505];
on motion to reject the bill laying duties on tobacco and sugar, [511];
on the bill to augment the army, [511];
on amendment to raise a force for protection of south-west frontiers, [519];
on striking out certain words in the answer to the President's speech, [540];
on the indemnification of the sufferers by the Pennsylvania insurgents, [553];
on the resolution relative to Indian lands in North Carolina, [582];
on resolutions relative to intruders on Indian lands, [589];
in Senate on agreeing to answer of President's speech, [596];
in Senate on resolutions relative to French flag, [601];
in Senate, relative to the admission of Tennessee, [602], [603];
on the resolution relative to the treaty with Great Britain, [692];
on the resolutions relative to the refusal of the President to furnish papers on the British treaty, [702];
on the resolution expressive of the sense of the House on the British treaty, [753];
on the resolution of the House relative to the execution of the British treaty, [753];
note, [754];
on the resolution that some law should be passed by Congress recognizing Tennessee as a State before its admission, [759];
on the claim of Catharine Greene, [762].