INDEX OF AUTHORS AND SOURCES

† Indicates translators or translations.

I—JEWISH

ABRAHAM ibn EZRA. (11041167). Famous Spanish-Jewish Bible commentator, traveller and poet. Visited London Jewry in 1158. [284]. ABRAHAMS, Israel. Reader in Talmudic, Cambridge University. ‘Jewish Life in the Middle Ages.’ [33], [71], [124], [193], [198], [253]. ACHAD HA’AM. See [ GINZBERG,] Asher. ACHAI (GAON). Eighth century. First rabbinical author after close of Talmud. ‘Sheeltoth.’ [291]. ADLER, Cyrus. American educationist; Editor of ‘Jewish Quarterly Review’. [4]. ADLER, Elkan N. Communal worker, traveller, and collector of Hebrew MSS. ‘Jews in Many Lands.’ [34], †[[291]]. ADLER, Felix. American educationist of Jewish descent. [328], [344]. ADLER, Hermann. (18391911). Chief Rabbi (1891). ‘Anglo-Jewish Memories.’ [24], [42], [62], [300]. ADLER, S. Alfred. (18751910). Son of above. ‘The Discipline of Sorrow.’ [296]. AGUILAR, Grace. (18161847). Anglo-Jewish author. ‘The Vale of Cedars.’ [3]. ALKABETZ, Solomon Halevi. 16th century, hymn-writer and mystic. [203]. ANTIN, Mary. Russo-American writer. ‘The Promised Land.’ [100], [107]. ARTOM, Benjamin. (18351879). Italian Rabbi. London Haham (1866). [18]. ASHER ben YECHIEL. (12501328). Spanish-Jewish Talmudist. [8]. BAALSHEM, Israel. (17001760). Famous Mystic. Founder of the sect of Chassidim (Pietists). [226]. BACHYA ibn PAKUDA. 11th century, Spanish-Jewish ethical philosopher. ‘The Duties of the Heart.’ [192], [240], [284]. BENEDICT of OXFORD. (Berechyah Nakdan), 12th-century Anglo-French fabulist. [280]. BIBLE. Genesis. [52]; Exodus. [243]; Leviticus. [282], [291]; Deuteronomy. [227]; 1 Kings. [47]; Isaiah. [3], [39], [47], [49], [50], [52], [224], [246], [247], [273]; Jeremiah. [53], [270]; Ezekiel. [121], [245]; Joel. [47]; Amos. [xvi]; Jonah. [2]; Micah. [273]; Malachi. [48]; Psalms. [188], [192], [211], [227], [270], [316]; Proverbs. [19]; Job. [317]; Lamentations. [88]; Ecclesiastes. [301], [319]; Esther. [264]; Daniel. [200]. BOOK OF MORALS. 15th-century ethical work. [13]. BÜCHLER, A. Jewish scholar; Principal of Jews’ College, London. [72]. BYALIK, Chayim Nachman. Greatest contemporary Hebrew poet. [123]. CARVALHO, David Nunes. (17841860). Lay Reader of Charleston, S.C., Synagogue. [194]. COHEN, Julia M. (18621917). Anglo-Jewish communal worker. [13]. CRESCAS, Chasdai. (13401410). Religious philosopher. ‘Or Adonay.’ [25]. DAICHES, Salis. Anglo-Jewish Rabbi. [215]. DARMESTETER, James. (18491894). French Orientalist. ‘The Prophets of Israel.’ [68]. DERECH ERETZ ZUTTA. 8th-century ethical treatise. [301]. DEUTSCH, Emanuel. (18291873). Jewish scholar and Orientalist. ‘The Talmud.’ [69]. DISRAELI, Benjamin. (18041881). British Prime Minister and novelist. ‘Alroy.’ [38], [201], [252]. D’ISRAELI, Isaac. (17661848). Anglo-Jewish man of letters. ‘Curiosities of Literature.’ [83]. † DRACHMANN, Bernard. American rabbi. [92]. DUBNOW, Simon. Russo-Jewish historian. [30], [75]. DYMOV, Ossip. Russian writer. [101]. ECCLESIASTICUS (Ben Sira). A book of the Apocrypha. [28], [53], [63], [234], [299]. EICHHOLZ, A. English educationist. [128]. ELEAZAR (ROKËACH) of WORMS. 13th century, mystic and hymn-writer. [5], [293]. ELIEZER ISAAC. 11th century, ethical writer. [7]. EPHRAIM of BONN. (11331196). Chronicler, poet, and Talmudist. [81]. 1 ESDRAS. A book of the Apocrypha. [272]. ETHICS OF THE FATHERS. (Pirke Aboth); treatise of Mishnah, containing ethical sayings. [19], [281], [290], [292], [300], [316], [318], [344]. † FELDMAN, Asher. Dayan of the United Synagogue. [31], [190]. FELSENTHAL, B. (18221908). American rabbi. [339]. † FRANK, Helena. Translator of Peretz and other Yiddish writers. [109], [123], [230], [255]. FRANKL, L. A. (18101894). Poet and writer. [86]. FRANZOS, Karl Emil. (18481904). Ghetto novelist. ‘The Jews of Barnow.’ [93]. FRIEDLÄNDER, Israel. (18761920). Bible scholar and historian. [97], [99]. FRIEDLÄNDER, Michael. (18831910). Late Principal of Jews’ College. ‘The Jewish Religion.’ [60]. FUERST, Julius. (18261899). Talmudic lexicographer. [78]. GABIROL, SOLOMON ibn. (10211058). Poet and hymn-writer. Great philosopher. Known in Middle Ages as Avicebron. ‘The Royal Crown.’ [25], [89], [191], [238], [241], [314]. GASTER, Moses. Haham (1887). Folklorist. [74]. GEIGER, Abraham. (18101874). Noted rabbi and Bible critic. ‘Judaism and its History.’ [32], [64]. GINZBERG, Asher. (Achad Ha’am) Hebrew writer and philosopher. ‘Selected Essays.’ [36], [120], [203]. GOLDSMID. Col. A. E. (18461904). Anglo-Jewish soldier. [40]. GORDON, Judah Leon. (18311892). Hebrew poet. [255]. GOTTHEIL, Gustav. (18271903). American rabbi and hymn-writer. [210], [217], [234], [263]. GRAETZ, Hirsch. (18171891). Famous historian of the Jews. [56], [76]. GREEN, A. A. Anglo-Jewish minister. [315]. HAFFKINE, Waldemar M. C.I.E. Russo-British bacteriologist. [195], [214]. HALEVI, YEHUDAH. (10851140). Physician, religious philosopher, and greatest post-Biblical Jewish poet. [53], [64], [74], [220], [250], [266], [271]. HARDEN, Maximilian. German journalist of Jewish descent. [126]. HARRIS, M. H. American rabbi. [44]. HEINE, H. (17971856). Great lyric poet and journalist. [57], [66], [82], [329], [342]. HERTZ, J. H. Chief Rabbi (1913). [11], [16], [30], [39], [46], [79], [96], [125], [128], [196], [209], [223], [235], [244], [297]. HERZL, Theodor. (18601904). Founder of the Political Zionist Movement. [124], [125], [127], [259]. HIRSCH, Emil G. American rabbi. [10]. HIRSCH, Samson R. (18081888). Rabbi and religious philosopher. ‘The Nineteen Letters of Ben Uziel.’ [92], [218]. IMBER, Naphtali H. (18561909). Hebrew poet. ‘Hatikvah.’ [117]. JACOB ben ASHER. Died 1340. Spanish Talmudist, codifier, and Bible commentator; son of Asher ben Yechiel. ‘Arba Turim.’ [31]. JACOBS, Joseph. (18541916). Folklorist and essayist. ‘Jewish Ideals.’ [3], [67], [74], [201], † [[280]]. † JASTROW, Marcus. (18311903). American rabbi and Talmudic lexicographer. [25], [240]. JEWISH CHRONICLE. (1841). Anglo-Jewish Weekly. [125]. JELLINEK, A. (18211893). Famous preacher and Jewish bibliographer. [17]. JOSEPH, Morris. Anglo-Jewish minister. ‘Judaism as Creed and Life.’ [14], [21], [49], [90], [207], [209], [212], [226], [252], [262], [322], † [[5]]. JOSEPHUS, FLAVIUS. (3795 C.E.). Ancient Jewish general, historian, and apologist. ‘Antiquities of the Jews.’ [27], [77]. JUDAH the PIOUS. Died 1217. Ethical writer and mystic. ‘The Book of Saints.’ [268]. JUNG, Maier. Chief Minister of Federation of Synagogues, London. [216]. KALIR, ELEAZAR. 8th century, liturgical poet. [229], [251]. KALONYMOS ben YEHUDAH. 12th century, liturgical poet. [80]. KOHLER, Kaufmann. President Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati. [24], [197], [282]. KOHUT, Alexander. (18421894). American rabbi and Talmudic lexicographer. [45]. KOMPERT, Leopold. (18221866). Ghetto novelist. [199]. LAZARUS, Emma. (18491887). American poetess. [40], [87], [106], [259], [333], † [[241], [314]]. LAZARUS, Josephine. (18461895). Sister of above. ‘The Spirit of Judaism.’ [68], [93]. LAZARUS, Moritz. (18241903). Co-founder of Ethnic Psychology. ‘The Ethics of Judaism.’ [11]. LEESER, Isaac. (18061868). American preacher and Bible translator. [61], † [[218]]. LEVI, David. (18161898). Italian Jewish poet. [58]. LEVY, S. Anglo-Jewish minister. [198]. † LOUIS, Minnie D. American communal worker. [86]. LUCAS, Alice. Translator of Mediaeval Jewish poets. ‘The Jewish Year.’ [41], † [[12], [220], [228], [238], [251], [255], [266], [268], [271]]. LURIA, ISAAC. (15341572). Great Mystic. Founder of modern Cabala. [339]. 1 MACCABEES. Book of the Apocrypha. [257]. MAGNUS, Lady. Author of ‘Outlines of Jewish History.’ [73]. MAIMONIDES, MOSES. (11351204). Great Talmudist, foremost mediaeval Jewish philosopher, and court-physician. ‘Guide of the Perplexed’; ‘Yad Hachazakah’. [20], [227], [274], [276], [280], [283]. MANASSEH ben ISRAEL. (16041657). Amsterdam rabbi, apologist and theologian. Obtained the re-admission of the Jews to England under Cromwell. [91]. MARGOLIS, M. L. Editor-in-chief, new Jewish Bible Version. [22]. MEIR ben ISAAC NEHORAÏ. 11th century, hymn-writer. [213]. MENDELSSOHN, Moses. (17291786). Philosopher and Bible translator; foremost Jewish figure of 18th century. [26]. MENDES, H. Pereira. American rabbi. [48], [326]. MIDRASH. 3rd to 10th centuries. Rabbinic homilies on the Scriptures. [25], [53]. MOÏSE, Penina. (17971880). American hymn-writer. [225]. MONTEFIORE, C. G. Theologian and lay preacher. ‘Bible for Home Reading.’ [6], [298]. MORAIS, Sabato. (18231897). Italian-American rabbi. Founder, Jewish Theological Seminary of America. [13]. MOSES of COUCY. 13th century, Talmudic codifier. [275]. MOSES ben NACHMAN (Nachmanides). (11941270). Talmudist, mystic, exegete, and apologist. [228]. MOSHEH, R. Date unknown. Mediaeval hymn-writer. [249]. MUNK, Salomon. (18031867). French Orientalist. [122]. NOAH, M. M. (17851851). American journalist and politician. Pioneer Zionist. [127]. NORDAU, Max. Author and philosopher. Vice-President Zion Congresses. [37], [38]. PENINI, YEDAYA. (12701340). Provençal Jewish poet and philosopher. [301]. PERETZ, Isaac L. (18511915). Yiddish man of letters. [109], [230]. PHILIPSON, D. American preacher. [10]. PHILO JUDAEUS. (20 B.C.40 C.E.). Flourished in Alexandria. Renowned Jewish philosopher. [189], [283], [289]. † POUZZNER, B. L. Translator of ‘The Menorah’. [259]. PRAYER BOOK. Daily. [47], [192], [205], [212], [284]. Festival. [39], [254]. RASHI (Rabbi Solomon ben Isaac of Troyes). (10401105). French Bible exegete and greatest commentator of Talmud. His commentary on Pentateuch has never been surpassed in enduring popularity. [63]. RASKIN, P. M. Anglo-Russian poet. [43], [54], [202], [206]. ROSENFELD, Morris. Russian-American Yiddish poet. [213]. ROTHSCHILD, Baron Lionel de. (18081879). Leader of Anglo-Jewish community. First Jewish M.P. [92]. SAADYAH GAON. (892942). President of the Academy at Sura, Babylon; religious philosopher, exegete, and polemic writer. [127]. SACHER, H. English journalist; Zionist writer. [330]. SALAMAN, Nina Davis. Translator mediaeval Jewish poets. ‘Songs of Exile.’ [205], † [[89], [191], [329], [339]]. SCHAFFER, Aaron. Lecturer, Johns Hopkins University. [341]. SCHECHTER, Solomon. (18471915). Theologian, Talmudist, and essayist. ‘Studies in Judaism.’ [15], [23], [33], [37], [60], [119], [127]. SCHINDLER, Kurt. Jewish musical composer. [323]. SHEMTOB, ibn SHEMTOB. 15th-century Spanish philosopher. [67]. SHULCHAN ARUCH. Authoritative code of Rabbinic Judaism by Joseph Caro (14881575). The ‘COMMENTARY’ is by David ben Samuel (15861667); and the ‘GLOSS’ by Moses Isserles (15201572). [190]. † SIMON, Leon. Hebraist and Zionist writer. [120]. SINGER, Simeon. (18461906). Anglo-Jewish preacher. [35], [219]. SMOLENSKIN, Peretz. (18421885). Hebrew novelist and journalist. ‘Astray on Life’s Pathways’. [324]. SOKOLOW, Nahum. Hebrew writer and Zionist leader. [331]. † SOLIS-COHEN, Solomon. American physician and writer. [203], [248], [249]. SPINOZA, Benedict. (16321677). Great Dutch-Jewish philosopher. [273]. STEINSCHNEIDER, Moritz. (18161907). Noted Hebrew bibliographer. [79], [93], [326]. SULZBERGER, Mayer. American jurist, bookman, and communal leader. [61]. SZOLD, Henrietta. American Jewish writer and translator. [12], [15]. TALMUD. Body of Jewish law and legend as expounded in the Jewish Academies of Palestine (200375) and of Babylon (200500); generic designation for the wholeof early Rabbinic literature. [6], [11], [26], [35], [210], [243], [253], [272], [282], [285], [291], [292], [299], [302313], [316]. WIENER, Leo. Professor at Harvard University. Historian of Yiddish Literature. [98], [333], [341]. WISDOM OF SOLOMON. A book of the Apocrypha. [200], [277], [278]. WOLF, Lucien. Journalist and historian. [106], [124], [334]. YEHUDAH, R. Date unknown. Mediaeval hymn-writer. [248]. YOMTOB of YORK. Hymn-writer, probably suffered martyrdom at York in 1190. [237]. ZANGWILL, Israel. Novelist and playwright. ‘Children of the Ghetto.’ [59], [65], [73], [94], [98], [332], † [[117], [229], [237], [254], [323]]. ZOHAR. A mystical Commentary on the Pentateuch, probably 1290. [189], [196], [204], [283]. ZUNZ, Leopold. (17941886). Founder of the New Jewish Learning. [76], [93].

II—NON-JEWISH

ABBOTT, Lyman. American preacher and journalist. [131]. ADDISON, Joseph. (16721719). Essayist and poet. [149]. ALEXANDER, C. F. (18181895). Irish poet. [146]. ARNOLD, Matthew. (18221888). Poet and critic. [132]. BALFOUR, A. J. H.M. Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. [184]. BEAULIEU, Anatole Leroy. French historian. ‘Israel among the Nations.’ [162], [174]. BIDDLE, G. E. Unitarian writer. [160]. BLAKE, William. (17571827). Poet, mystic, and painter. [130], [173]. † BORROW, GEORGE. (18031881). English traveller. [338]. BOX, Canon G. H. English Hebraist. [159]. CARLYLE, Thomas. (17951881). Essayist, historian, and philosopher. [155]. CORNILL, Carl H. (18541920). Theologian and Bible critic. [131], [147], [152], [335]. † CRAIG, Mary A. Translator of David Levi’s Poems. [58]. DOW, John E. Author of ‘Hebrew and Puritan’. [147]. ELIOT, George (Marian Lewes Cross). (18191880). English novelist. ‘Daniel Deronda.’ [161], [173], [183]. ELLIS, Havelock. British psychologist. [155]. FRAZER, Sir James G. British anthropologist. [138], [336]. FROUDE, James Anthony. (18181894). Historian and essayist. [138], [151], [155]. GEORGE, Henry. (18391897). Political economist and social reformer. [143], [336], [340]. GOETHE, J. W. (17491832). Great German poet and critic. [139], [154]. GORKY, Maxim. Russian man of letters. [158]. GREEN, John R. (18371883). English historian. [171]. HALL, G. Stanley. American psychologist and educationist. [324]. HARNACK, A. Church historian. [137]. HERFORD, R. Travers. Theologian and Rabbinic scholar. ‘Pharisaism.’ [159]. HUXLEY, T. H. (18251895). Biologist and religious controversialist. [139], [140], [159]. JEROME, St. (340420). Church Father; translated Bible into Latin (Vulgate Version). [185]. JOWETT, Benjamin. (18171893). Theologian and translator of Plato. [151]. LECKY, William E. H. (18381903). Historian and publicist. [166], [178]. LONGFELLOW, Henry W. (18071882). American poet. [175]. LOTZE, H. (18171881). German idealist philosopher. [134]. MACAULAY, Lord. (18001859). Historian, essayist, and politician. [172]. MILYUKOV, Paul. Russian politician. [178]. MOORE, G. F. American Bible critic. [327]. NIETZSCHE, F. (18441900). German philosopher. [140]. † PLUMPTRE, Dean E. H. (18211891). Anglican divine. [80]. PROTHERO, R. E. Former editor ‘Quarterly Review’. ‘The Psalms in Human Life.’ [148]. RENAN, Ernest. (18231892). Historian, philosopher, and Orientalist. [133], [141]. RHYS, Ernest. Man of letters. [147]. ROBINSON, A. M. F. (Madame Duclaux). English poet and writer. [157]. ROOSEVELT, Theodore. (18581919). Historian and statesman; President, U.S.A. [176]. SCHREINER, Olive. South African novelist. [177], [180]. SCOTT, Sir Walter. (17711823). Great novelist and poet. [137], [141]. SORLEY, Charles. (18961915). Student and soldier. [342]. STANLEY, A. P. (18151881). Author of ‘History of the Jewish Church’. [156]. STEVENSON, Robert Louis. (18501894). Essayist and novelist. [138]. STRINDBERG, August. (18491912). Swedish author. [163]. SYKES, Sir Mark. (18791919). British statesman. [183]. TOLSTOY, Leo. (18281910). Russian novelist and social reformer. [135], [179]. TWAIN, Mark (S. L. Clemens). (18351910). American writer. [186]. VOLTAIRE, F. M. A. de. (16941778). French philosopher and man of letters. [170]. WAGNER, Charles. (18511918). French Protestant divine. [134]. WATTS, Isaac. (16741748). Hymn-writer. [150]. WHITMAN, Walt. (18191892). American poet. [137]. WHITTIER, J. G. (18071892). American poet. [156]. WYCLIF, John. (13201384). Reformer and Bible translator. [140].