A SOURCE BOOK
IN
AMERICAN HISTORY
TO 1787

COLLECTED AND EDITED

WILLIS MASON WEST

SOMETIME PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AND HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA

ALLYN AND BACON

Boston New York Chicago

Norwood Press
J. S. Cushing Co.—Berwick & Smith Co.
Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

[FOREWORD]

Early American history is especially suited for "source work" in secondary schools and undergraduate college classes. After the year 1800, there are too many documents and many of them are too long. The student can get no systematic survey nor any sense of continuity; and source work is therefore merely illustrative of particular incidents. But, for the early period, it is possible, by careful selection and exclusion, to lay a basis for a fairly connected study.

To do this, it is necessary to combine in one volume selections which are usually grouped separately, as "Documents" and as "Readings,"—such, for instance, as the Massachusetts charter, on the one hand, and Winthrop's letters to his wife, on the other. Rigid scholarship may object to the inclusion of such different sorts of sources between the same covers. But students cannot be expected to own or use more than one volume of sources in American history; and the practical educational advantages of the combination seem to me to outweigh all possible objections—besides which, something might be said for the arrangement in itself, for young students, on the side of interest and convenience.

A number of admirable collections of sources for schools are already in use. And yet, in preparing my American History and Government,[1] I found no single volume which contained the different kinds of source material desirable for illustration, while much of the most valuable material was still inaccessible in any collection. Some two-thirds of the selections in the present volume, I believe, have not previously appeared in Source Books; and, for many of the customary documents, I have found it desirable to print parts not usually given. Thus, for Gorges' Patent for Maine, instead of reproducing the territorial grant (which is all that is given in the only Source Book which touches on that document), I have chosen rather to give the portion authorizing a degree of popular self-government (the reference to the "parliament in New England").

In a few cases, documents which might have been expected are not given, because extracts from them are used freely in the American History and Government, to which this is a companion volume. The most important cases of this character are noted at appropriate points. In general, in the selection and arrangement of documents, special emphasis has been given to the following topics: (1) the idealistic motives back of American colonization in Virginia as well as in Puritan New England; (2) the evolution of political institutions in Virginia and in typical Northern colonies,—especially of representative government and of the town meeting, and of such details as the use of the ballot; (3) the very imperfect nature of democracy, political and social, in colonial America,—so that the student may better appreciate our later growth; (4) social conditions,—necessarily a rather fragmentary treatment; (5) the evolution of commonwealths out of colonies in the Revolution; and (6) the breakdown of the Confederation and the making of the Constitution.

Many typical documents are given entire. Other selections are excerpted carefully. In such cases, omissions are indicated, of course, and the substance of the omitted matter is usually indicated in brackets. In the case of a few selections, like those from Winthrop's History, the original document has already been published in standard editions with modernized spelling. Such editions have been followed. The text of all other documents has been reproduced faithfully, except for such departures as are authorized in the American Historical Association's Suggestions for the Printing of Documents; i.e., regarding the spelling out of abbreviations, and the modern usage for the consonantal i and u, and the modernizing of punctuation when absolutely needful to prevent ambiguity. Some students may find a slight difficulty at first in the vagaries of seventeenth century orthography. But this difficulty is quickly surmounted; and, apart from the added flavor that comes from the quaintness of the original, and from the consciousness that the copy has been strictly adhered to, there is often a distinct historical advantage in the practice. The falling away in book-culture in the second generation of New England colonization can hardly be suggested so forcibly in any other way as by following the degeneration of spelling by town officials—as in the Watertown records in Number 83. The peculiarities of type in printed documents have been preserved so far as possible, but here I have taken a greater liberty than in any other matter of this kind. Italics and black-faced type have been introduced freely, to call attention to matter of special importance for instruction. Sometimes this practice has been noted in the respective introductions; and in other cases there will be little difficulty in deciding which passages owe their prominence of this sort to the editor.

I have tried also to add to the teaching value of the book by a free use of introductions to the various extracts, and by footnotes and addenda, with occasional "Hints for Study."

WILLIS MASON WEST.

Windago Farm,
November, 1913.

[TABLE OF CONTENTS]

NUMBER	PAGE
	I. England in the Century of Colonization
1.	Classes of Englishmen; by William Harrison; from Holinshed'sChronicles (1577)		[1]
A. SOUTHERN COLONIES TO 1660
	II. Motives for Early Colonization
2.	Sir George Peckham's "True Report" (1582) of Gilbert's expedition;from Richard Hakluyt's Voyages and Discoveriesof the English Nation		[4]
3.	Richard Hakluyt's Discourse on Western Planting (1584);from the Maine Historical Society Collections		[4]
4.	Michael Drayton's Ode to the Virginian Voyage (1606)		[7]
5.	"Goodspeed to Virginia" (1609); by Robert Gray; fromBrown's Genesis of the United States		[7]
6.	"Nova Britannia" (1609); anonymous; from Peter Force'sHistorical Tracts		[10]
7.	The "True and Sincere Declaration" by the London Company(1609), with a "Table of such [colonists] as are required";from Brown's Genesis of the United States		[12]
8.	Marston's Eastward Hoe! (1605)		[15]
9.	Crashaw's "Daily Prayer" for use in Virginia (1609); fromForce's Historical Tracts		[15]
10.	Crashaw's "Sermon" before Lord Delaware's Expedition(1610); from Brown's Genesis of the United States		[16]
11.	A letter by Sir Edwin Sandys (1612) to stockholders of theLondon Company; from Neill's Virginia and Virginiola		[17]
12.	The glories of Virginia; from a letter from Sir Thomas Dale(governor in Virginia) to Sir Thomas Smith (head of theLondon Company), in 1613; from the Records of the VirginiaCompany of London, edited by Susan Kingsbury		[17]
13.	A defense of the London Company (declared not mercenary)by Captain John Smith (1616); from Smith's GenerallHistorie of Virginia		[18]
14.	A plea for colonization on patriotic and religious grounds(1631), by Captain John Smith; Works		[18]
	III. Virginia (1606-1619), to the Introduction of Self-government
15.	The charter of Sir Humphrey Gilbert (1578); from Hakluyt'sVoyages and Discoveries		[20]
16.	The Virginia charter of 1606; from the Appendix to Stith'sHistory of Virginia		[23]
17.	Instructions by King James to the London Company (November20/30, 1606); from Hening's Statutes at Large		[29]
18.	Instructions from the Council of the Virginia Company to thefirst Jamestown expedition (December, 1606); from Neill'sVirginia Company		[32]
19.	The early settlers and their sufferings:
	a.	A "Discourse" by Master George Percy (1607);from "Purchas his Pilgrimes" (1625)	[35]
	b.	An account of "gentlemen" in Virginia, by AmosTodkill (1608); from Smith's Works	[36]
20.	The Virginia charter of 1609 (with hints for study); from theAppendix to Stith's History of Virginia		[37]
21.	The Virginia charter of 1612 (the portions relating to a moredemocratic organization of the Company and its powers); ib.		[44]
22.	The danger from Spanish attack: correspondence of Spanish and English ambassadors with their respective governments; from Brown's Genesis of the United States		[47]
	IV. Virginia under the Liberal Company, 1619-1624
23.	Rules of the Virginia Company (1619); from Force's Historical Tracts		[51]
24.	An "Order" of the Company authorizing temporary self-government in its plantations (February 2/12, 1619/1620); from Susan Kingsbury's Records of the Virginia Company of London		[53]
25.	Records of the Assembly of 1619; from Wynne and Gilman'sColonial Records of Virginia		[53]
26.	The "Declaration" by the Company (drawn by Sandys), June22/July 2, 1620, justifying the liberal management; fromSusan Kingsbury's Records of the Virginia Company ofLondon		[63]
27.	The Ordinance of 1621,—a grant of limited self-government by the Company to the settlers, with authorization of a representativeAssembly; from the Appendix to Stith's History of Virginia		[70]
28.	Attempts by King James to control the elections in the Company in favor of the "court party" in 1620 and 1622; fromSusan Kingsbury's Records of the Virginia Company of London		[73]
	V. Virginia a Royal Province: Struggle to save the Assembly
29.	Royal Commission to Governor Wyatt and his Council (1624), ignoring the Assembly; from Hazard's State Papers		[80]
30.	Royal commission to Governor Yeardley (1625), to like purpose; from Hazard's State Papers		[82]
31.	Protests in the Colony:
	a.	The Assembly's precautionary "bill of rights," with statement of the principle, "No taxation without representation" (three laws from the session of March, 1624); from Hening's Statutes at Large	[83]
	b.	Requests from the colony for aid, and, indirectly, for an Assembly:
		1. Letter from the Governor and Council to the Special Commission in England (April,1626); from the Aspinwall Papers, in Massachusetts Historical Society Collections	[84]
		2. Letter from the same to the same (May,1626); from the Virginia Magazine of History	[85]
32.	Restoration of the Assembly by royal authority (1629):
	a.	Captain Harvey's "Propositions" (after appointment as governor); ib.	[86]
	b.	The King's answer to the same; ib.	[86]
	c.	Royal instructions to Governor Berkeley (1641); ib.	[87]
33.	Virginian legislation, financial and moral; from Hening's Statutes at Large		[87]
	VI. Virginia under the Commonwealth
34.	Terms of settlement between Parliamentary Commissioners and the Assembly (1652); from Hening's Statutes at Large		[90]
35.	Legislation restricting the franchise, and restoring it to the old basis; ib.		[92]
	VII. Maryland to 1660
36.	Lord Baltimore's letter to Charles I (1629), describing the hardships of the Avalon colony and asking for a grant in "Virginia"; from Scharf's History of Maryland		[93]
37.	The Maryland charter of 1632; from Bacon's Laws of Maryland		[94]
38.	Extracts from the Avalon charter of 1623 (with comparison with the Maryland grant); from Scharf's History of Maryland		[99]
39.	Excursus: Extracts from the Plowden grant of New Albion of1634, and the Gorges grant of Maine of 1639 (for comparison with the foregoing, in tracing the development of royal approval of representative institutions in the colonies); the documents from Hazard's State Papers		[100]
40.	The "Toleration Act" of 1649; from the Maryland Archives		[102]
B. NEW ENGLAND TO 1660
	VIII. An Early Exploration
41.	Captain George Weymouth's "True Relation" of his voyage in 1605 to the coast of Maine; from the Massachusetts Historical Society Collections		[106]
	IX. The First Source of New England Land Titles
42.	The charter of 1620 for the Plymouth Council (sometimes called the Council for New England); from Hazard's State Papers		[109]
	X. Plymouth Colony
43.	Negotiations between the Pilgrims and the Virginia Company for the Wincob charter: Cushman's letter explaining the delay; from Bradford'sPlymouth Plantation		[113]
44.	Articles of Partnership between Pilgrims and London merchants;ib.		[114]
45.	The "farewell letter" from Pastor Robinson: the Pilgrims a"body politic" with power of self-government; ib.		[116]
46.	The Mayflower Compact; ib.; with addendum—The Exeter Agreement; from Hazard's State Papers		[116]
47.	The Peirce charter of June, 1621, from the New England Council; from the Massachusetts Historical Society Collections		[118]
48.	Early history and hardships:[2]
	a.	Edward Winslow's letter of December, 1621, to a friend in England; from Arber's Story of the Pilgrim Fathers	[120]
	b.	Captain John Smith's account, in 1624; Works	[122]
49.	The final source of Plymouth land titles:
	a.	Bradford's Patent of 1630; from Hazard's State Papers	[124]
	b.	Bradford's surrender of the same to the colony; ib.	[126]
50.	Extracts from the "Fundamental Laws" of 1636; ib.		[127]
	XI. The Founding of Massachusetts Bay
51.	The Gorges claim:
	a.	The charter from the New England Council to Robert Gorges (1622); from Sir Ferdinando Gorges'"Briefe Narration," in Hazard's State Papers	[129]
	b.	The Gorges expedition of 1623; ib., in Massachusetts Historical Society Collections	[131]
52.	The founding of Salem and Charlestown: White's "Relation"(1630); from Young's Massachusetts Chronicles		[132]
53.	The Massachusetts Company's charter of 1629; from the Records of the Governor and Company of Massachusetts Bay,edited by Nathaniel Shurtleff (usually quoted here as theMassachusetts Colonial Records)		[137]
54.	The docket of the above charter, as it was presented for royal approval (showing the King's expectation that the charter was to remain in England); from the Massachusetts Historical Society Proceedings for 1869-1870		[144]
55.	Excursus: discussion of the original intention of the grantees in the Massachusetts charter as to removing to America, with illuminating extracts from the "Charter of the Company of Westminster for the Plantation of Providence Isle"; (the document from the manuscript in British Record Office)		[146]
56.	Agreement between the Massachusetts Company in England and the Rev. Francis Higginson, on his removal to America; from Young's Chronicles of Massachusetts		[148]
57.	Establishment of a subordinate government in the colony(April, 1629), by order of the Company in England; from the Massachusetts Colonial Records		[150]
	XII. The Colony Becomes Puritan
58.	The decision to transfer the government and charter to the colony:
	a.	The first official proposal, by Governor Cradock, at a meeting of the Company in London (July 28, 1629); from the Massachusetts Colonial Records	[153]
	b.	The Cambridge Agreement; from Young's Chronicles of Massachusetts	[154]
	c.	The final decision by the Company; from the Colonial Records	[156]
59.	Decision of Puritan gentlemen to settle in the colony:
	a.	John Winthrop's argument for a Puritan colony; from Winthrop's Life and Letters of John Winthrop	[157]
	b.	Winthrop's reasons for himself coming to America; ib.	[159]
	c.	The decision of John Winthrop, Jr.; ib.	[160]
	d.	Higginson's "News from New England"; from Young's Chronicles of Massachusetts	[161]
60.	The attitude of the early Puritan colonists toward the Church of England:
	a.	Winthrop's farewell letter to the Church of England;Life and Letters	[162]
	b.	Captain John Smith's opinion of the Puritans in 1630(not Separatists); from Smith's Works	[164]
61.	Political principles of the Puritan leaders (distrust of democracy): illustrated by extracts from Calvin's Institutes		[164]
62.	Early hardships and religious tendencies:
	a.	From Winthrop's History of New England, 1630-1631	[168]
	b.	From Winthrop's letters to his wife; Life and Letters	[171]
	c.	From Thomas Dudley's letter to the Countess of Lincoln(1631); from Young's Chronicles of Massachusetts	[174]
	XIII. Development of Democracy
63.	Oligarchic usurpations in 1630-1631; from the Colonial Records		[178]
64.	The "Watertown Protest" against taxation without representation(the first popular movement), in 1632, and the consequent resumption by the democracy of some of their rights; from Winthrop's History of New England		[180]
65.	Sample legislation under aristocratic rule, 1630-1633; from theColonial Records		[183]
66.	The beginning of town government, at Dorchester; from theDorchester Records		[188]
67.	The development of representative government:
	a.	Winthrop's account; from his History of New England	[189]
	b.	The official records of the revolutionary General Court of 1634; from the Colonial Records	[191]
68.	Political reaction: the magistrates demand a "negative voice"; from Winthrop's History of New England		[194]
69.	The Puritan government denies free speech in political matters;ib.		[195]
70.	The adoption of the ballot in elections in the General Court; ib.		[196]
71.	The first use of the ballot in local elections; ib.		[197]
72.	A military commission with power of martial law; from theColonial Records		[198]
73.	Winthrop's account of various political actions: a "Life Council"; extension of the ballot by the use of proxies; restriction of "churches" to the organizations recognized by the government; from Winthrop's History of New England		[199]
74.	The Wheelwright controversy, with special reference to political phases; ib.		[199]
75.	Political and social conditions in Massachusetts in 1636:
	a.	"Proposals" of Lords Say and Brooke, with the answers of John Cotton; from the Appendix to Hutchinson's History of Massachusetts Bay	[201]
	b.	Legislation of 1651 regarding dress of different classes; from the Colonial Records	[205]
76.	Attack upon the charter:
	a.	An order in Council in England for its surrender; from Hutchinson's Original Papers	[206]
	b.	The defiant refusal of the Colony; from Winthrop'sHistory of New England	[207]
77.	Democratic discontent with aristocratic privilege in 1639 (Winthrop's denial of the right of petition; the abolition of Life Council; delay in conceding a written code); ib.		[210]
78.	The "Body of Liberties"; from Whitmore's Bibliographical Sketch of the Laws of Massachusetts Colony		[214]
79.	A Puritan view of the rules of fair trade (Cotton's sermon upon the conviction of a shopkeeper for exacting exorbitant profits); from Winthrop's History of New England		[225]
80.	The separation of the General Court into two Houses (the first two-chambered legislature in America); the story from Winthrop's History of New England, and the preamble of the act of 1644 from the Colonial Records		[226]
81.	A town code of school laws (1645); from the Dorchester Records		[230]
82.	Colonial school laws (1642 and 1647); from the Colonial Records		[233]
83.	Representative town records (Watertown Records, 1634-1678)		[236]
	XIV. Massachusetts and Religious Persecution
84.	Puritan arguments for and against persecution:
	a.	From Nathaniel Ward's Simple Cobbler of Aggawamm(1647)	[246]
	b.	From Captain Edward Johnson's Wonder-working Providence of Sions Saviour in New England(1654)	[248]
	c.	The discussion between Saltonstall and Cotton (about1650); from Hutchinson's Original Papers	[249]
85.	Criticism of the Massachusetts way, by a moderate Episcopalian and royalist (Lechford's Plaine Dealing; 1641)		[252]
86.	A Presbyterian demand for the franchise in 1646 (the letter of Dr. Robert Child and others to the Governor and General Court); from Hutchinson's Original Papers		[255]
87.	Trial and punishment of nonconformists for not attending approved churches; from the Colonial Records		[259]
88.	Quaker Persecutions:
	a.	Edward Burrough's appeal to King Charles (1660); from Burrough's Sad and Great Persecution and Martyrdom of Quakers in New England	[260]
	b.	Trial of the Quaker, Wenlock Christison (1661); from Besse's Collection of the Sufferings of the People called Quakers	[263]
	XV. Rhode Island to 1660
89.	The first covenant at Providence (1636): a compact in "civil things only"; from the Early Records of the Town of Providence		[267]
90.	Roger Williams' argument that religious freedom is consonant with civil order (the ship illustration); from Arnold's History of Rhode Island		[268]
91.	The Patent for Providence Plantation from the Council of the Long Parliament (1644), restricting the government to civil matters; from the Rhode Island Colonial Records		[269]
92.	Rhode Island's answer to the demand of Massachusetts (a refusal to exclude Quakers); from the Appendix to Hutchinson'sMassachusetts Bay		[270]
	XVI. Connecticut before 1660
93.	The Fundamental Orders of 1639; from the Connecticut Colonial Records		[273]
	XVII. The New England Confederation
94.	The constitution (Articles of Confederation); from the New Haven Colonial Records		[280]
95.	The demand of Massachusetts for more weight in the union, with the answer of the Congress of the Confederation; from the Plymouth Colony Records		[285]
96.	Nullification by Massachusetts, with the protest of the Congress of the Confederation; ib.		[287]
C. COLONIAL AMERICA
	XVIII. Liberal Charters
97.	The Connecticut charter of 1662; from the Connecticut Colonial Records		[290]
98.	The Rhode Island charter of 1663 (parts referring especially to religious liberty); from the Rhode Island Colonial Records		[293]
	XIX. An English Colonial System
99.	Royal instructions for the "Councill appointed for Forraigne Plantations" (1660); from O'Callaghan's Documents relative to the Colonial History of New York		[298]
100.	The English commercial policy:
	a.	The "first" Navigation Act (1660), regarding shipping and "enumerated" colonial exports, with note from the Act of 1662 explaining that "English" ships include colonial; from Statutes of the Realm	[300]
	b.	The Navigation Act of 1663 (regarding colonial imports);ib.	[301]
	c.	The Sugar Act of 1733; ib.	[303]
101.	The Duke of York's charter for New York (1664); from O'Callaghan's Documents relative to Colonial History of New York		[305]
102.	Penn's grant of Pennsylvania (1680); from the Charters and Laws of Pennsylvania		[307]
103.	Penn's grants to the Pennsylvanians:
	a.	"Laws agreed upon in England" (1683); from Hazard's Annals of Pennsylvania	[311]
	b.	The "Charter of Privileges" of 1701; from Votes and Proceedings of the House of Representatives of Pennsylvania	[314]
104.	Berkeley's Report on Virginia in 1671; from Hening's Statutes		[319]
105.	The franchise in Virginia restricted (the Act of 1670); ib.		[324]
106.	"Bacon's Laws" (the legislation of the revolutionary Assembly of 1676); ib.		[325]
107.	The proclamation of July, 1676, by Nathaniel Bacon, "Generall by Consent of the People"; from the Massachusetts Historical Society Collections		[328]
108.	Testimony by various county courts showing that democratic political discontent was a chief cause of Bacon's Rebellion; from the Virginia Magazine of History		[329]
109.	The abolition of Bacon's reforms:
	a.	The royal order; from Hening's Statutes at Large	[330]
	b.	The repeal of "Bacon's Laws" by the Assembly of1677; ib.	[331]
110.	Self-government in Massachusetts restricted:
	a.	Randolph's report to the Lords of Trade; from Hutchinson's Original Papers	[331]
	b.	The Massachusetts charter of 1691; from Acts and Resolves of the Province of Massachusetts Bay	[333]
111.	Attempts by England at closer control:
	a.	Recommendation of the Board of Trade (1701) that all charter colonies be transformed into royal provinces by act of parliament; from the North Carolina Colonial Records	[339]
	b.	The feeling of the colonists (extracts from a pamphlet by John Wise, minister of Ipswich)	[342]
	c.	The action of a Boston town meeting relative to a proposed permanent salary for the colonial Governor; from the Boston Town Records	[343]
	d.	Connecticut's refusal to obey a royal officer commissioned to command her militia (a private letter of Governor Fletcher, describing his repulse); from the New York Colonial Documents	[347]
112.	The commission of a royal governor (from George III to Benning Wentworth); from the New Hampshire Provincial Papers		[349]
113.	Freedom of speech vindicated: the trial of John Peter Zenger for criticising the governor of New York; from Zenger'sBrief Narrative of the Case and Tryall		[352]
114.	Franklin's "Albany Plan" for the union of the colonies under the crown:
	a.	An account of the motives for the proposal; fromFranklin's Works	[358]
	b.	The document; from New York Colonial Documents	[359]
	XX. Harsh Phases of Colonial Life
115.	Legal punishments in Virginia: "pillory and ducking stoole" in 1662-1748; from Hening's Statutes at Large		[364]
116.	White "servants" (indentured and others) in 1774; from Eddes' Letters from America		[364]
117.	Advertisements for runaway servants; newspaper extracts for the years 1770-1771, from the New Jersey Archives		[366]
D. THE REVOLUTION
	XXI. Preliminary Period—to 1774
118.	The Sugar Act of 1764; from the Statutes of the Realm		[369]
119.	The Stamp Act of 1765; ib.		[373]
120.	Reception of the Stamp Act in America:
	a.	Patrick Henry's Resolutions; from the Journals of the House of Burgesses of Virginia	[374]
	b.	A Virginia County Association against the Act; ib.	[375]
	c.	The stamp distributor for Virginia persuaded to resign(the letter from Governor Fauquier to the Lords of Trade); ib.	[377]
	d.	Threat of violence against any who should use stamped paper; a notice in the New York Gazette of February 27, 1766; reproduced in the New Jersey Archives	[380]
121.	Origin of the Virginia non-importation agreement:
	a.	Protest of the Burgesses against the proposal of the English government to send Americans to England for trial (May 16, 1769); from the Journals of the House of Burgesses	[380]
	b.	The "association" of the ex-Burgesses (May 18,1769); ib.	[383]
122.	The origin of the Massachusetts town-committees of correspondence; from the Boston Town Records		[387]
123.	The creation of Intercolonial Committees of Correspondence:
	a.	Jefferson's later account; from Jefferson's Writings	[390]
	b.	The action of the Virginia House of Burgesses; from the Journals	[391]
	c.	Letters from other colonies received by the Virginia Committee, approving the recommendation; ib.	[392]
124.	Intimidation of the owners of tea ships (a Philadelphia handbill by "The Committee for Tarring and Feathering"); from Scharf and Westcott's History of Philadelphia		[394]
	XXII. The Rise of Revolutionary Governments
125.	The Virginia Burgesses suggest an annual Congress (1774):
	a.	Extract from a letter by a member of the Assembly; from Force's American Archives	[396]
	b.	Jefferson's account of the plan for declaring a day of prayer and fasting, on receipt by the Burgesses of the news of the Boston Port Bill; from Jefferson's Works	[397]
	c.	Resolution of the Burgesses appointing June 1, 1774, a day of prayer and fasting; from the Journals	[398]
	d.	The consequent dissolution of the Assembly by the Governor; ib.	[399]
	e.	The ex-Burgesses suggest an annual Continental Congress;ib.	[399]
	f.	Letters from the Virginia Committee of Correspondence to the other colonies, conveying Virginia's suggestion for an annual Congress; ib.	[401]
	g.	The answer of Rhode Island to Virginia, with the appointment of delegates to the proposed Congress;ib.	[403]
126.	A "call" for the Continental Congress from the Massachusetts Assembly (June 17)		[405]
127.	A Virginia county (Frederick) suggests a Continental Congress and a "General Association" of the colonies (June8); from Force's American Archives		[406]
128.	Virginia issues the first call for a provincial convention (to elect delegates to the Continental Congress); ib.:
	a.	Suggestion from the ex-Burgesses, May 30, 1774	[407]
	b.	Sample notice of the call by an ex-Burgess to his county (a letter from Thomas Mason of June 16)	[408]
	c.	Typical call (June 27) by a county committee for a county meeting (Norfolk) to instruct delegates to the coming provincial convention	[409]
129.	Typical Instructions by Virginia county meetings:
	a.	Westmoreland County	[410]
	b.	George Washington's county (Fairfax)	[412]
	c.	Nansemond County	[416]
	d.	York County	[417]
	e.	Middlesex County (disapproval of the Boston Tea Party)	[417]
130.	The First Continental Congress:
	a.	The decision upon how the colonies should vote; from John Adams' "Diary" in his Works	[418]
	b.	Adams' impressions of the meeting at its close; ib.	[420]
	c.	The Declaration of Rights; from Ford's Journals of the Continental Congress	[421]
	d.	The Act of Association; ib.	[427]
131.	Typical resolutions by a Virginia county (Prince William) approving the Association of the Continental Congress; from Force's American Archives		[432]
132.	Virginia county conventions become de facto governments(typical action by Fairfax County, organizing a Revolutionary militia January 17, 1775); ib.		[433]
133.	The Virginia Provincial Convention becomes a government:
	a.	Cumberland County instructs delegates for preparation for war; ib.	[435]
	b.	The Second Virginia Convention arms and taxes the colony; ib.	[436]
	c.	The Third Convention (June, 1775) assumes the forms of a government; from Virginia Calendar of State Papers	[442]
	XXIII. Independence
134.	Charlotte County, Virginia, instructs delegates (April 23,1776) to the coming Fourth Virginia Convention to favor independence and an independent State constitution; Force's American Archives		[443]
135.	The Virginia Convention, May 15, instructs for independence and adopts resolutions for a bill of rights and a constitution;ib.		[445]
136.	The Virginia Bill of Rights; from Poore's Charters and Constitutions		[446]
137.	Virginia's Declaration of Independence, June 29, 1776; fromJefferson's Writings		[450]
138.	Revolutionary State Governments:
	a.	The recommendation of Congress of May 15, 1776; from Ford's Journals of Congress	[452]
	b.	John Adams' comment; from John Adams' Letters to Abigail Adams	[453]
139.	The Maryland Convention instructs its delegates in Congress against independence; from Proceedings of the Conventions of Maryland		[454]
140.	Lee's motion for Independence in Congress; from Ford'sJournals		[458]
141.	The Declaration of Independence of July 4, 1776; from Ford'sJournals of Congress		[459]
142.	Anti-social tendencies of pre-Revolutionary measures:
	a.	The effect of closing the courts (Adams' account of his welcome by his horse-jockey client); from John Adams' Works	[463]
	b.	A Tory's protest against mob violence, in a parody on Hamlet's soliloquy; from Moore's Diary of the American Revolution	[464]
	c.	Correspondence between a Tory and a Committee, showing how the Tory was induced to sign a recantation; from Niles' Principles and Acts of the Revolution	[464]
143.	An oath of allegiance to a new State (Pennsylvania): a facsimile, from Scharf and Westcott's History of Philadelphia		[466]
144.	A Loyalist's pretended "diary" of the year 1789 (written in 1778), to show the danger of French conquest; from Tyler's Literary History of the American Revolution		[467]
145.	A statement of how the Revolution set free social forces; from David Ramsey's History of the American Revolution		[468]
E. CONFEDERATION AND CONSTITUTION
	XXIV. The Articles of Confederation
146.	Debates in the Congress on the Articles; from John Adams' Works		[470]
147.	The Articles; from the Revised Statutes of the United States		[475]
	XXV. The National Domain
148.	The desire for Statehood in the West, and Western self-confidence; a statement by a convention of the proposed State of Frankland		[485]
149.	Organization of the Western Territory by Congress:
	a.	The Ordinance of 1784; from the Journals of Congress	[486]
	b.	The Northwest Ordinance (1787); ib.	[488]
	XXVI. Drifting toward Anarchy
150.	Gouverneur Morris to John Jay, on the prospect of a military dictator; from Sparks' Life and Works of Gouverneur Morris		[497]
151.	Shays' Rebellion:
	a.	A statement of grievances by Hampshire County; from Minot's History of the Insurrection in Massachusetts	[497]
	b.	Washington's alarm; letters to Henry Lee and to Madison; from Washington's Writings	[500]
152.	A shrewd foreigner's view of the social conflict over the adoption of a new Constitution (Otto's letter to Vergennes, on the failure of the Annapolis Convention); from the Appendix to Bancroft's History of the Constitution		[502]
	XXVII. Making the Constitution
153.	The call issued by the Annapolis Convention for a Federal Convention; from the Documentary History of the Constitution		[506]
154.	Typical credentials of delegates to the Federal Convention (the Georgia credentials); from Farrand's Records of the Federal Convention		[510]
155.	George Mason's account of the preliminaries at Philadelphia(a letter to George Mason, Jr., May 20, 1787); ib.		[512]
156.	The "Virginia Plan"; ib.		[514]
157.	George Mason on aristocratic and democratic forces in the Convention at its opening (letter to George Mason, Jr., June 1); ib.		[517]
158.	The "New Jersey Plan"; ib.		[518]
159.	Hamilton's plan; from Hamilton's Works		[521]
160.	Character sketches of men of the Convention, by William Pierce, a delegate from Georgia; from Farrand's Records of the Federal Convention		[522]
161.	One day in the Convention,—the critical day's debate on the Connecticut Compromise; ib.		[532]
	XXVIII. Ratifying the Constitution
162.	George Mason's objections to the Constitution; from Kate Mason Rowland's Life of George Mason		[543]
163.	Mason's explanation of the preparation of his "Objections"; from Farrand's Records of the Federal Convention		[546]
164.	A Federalist account of how John Hancock was induced finally to support the Constitution in the Massachusetts ratifying convention; by Stephen Higginson, in Writings of Laco		[547]
165.	The Federal Constitution		[551]
	Index of Sources.		[576]
	Subject Index.		[580]

A SOURCE BOOKINAMERICAN HISTORYTO 1787

[FOREWORD]

[TABLE OF CONTENTS]

A SOURCE BOOK
IN
AMERICAN HISTORY
TO 1787