ELEGY III.
1.
IF sad Complaint would shew a Lover's pain; Or Tears express the torments of my heart: If melting Sighs would ruth and pity gain; Or true Laments but ease a Lover's smart:
2.
Then should my Plaints the thunder's noise surmount; And Tears, like seas, should flow from out my eyes. Then Sighs, like air, should far exceed all count; And true Laments with sorrow dim the skies.
3.
But Plaints and Tears, Laments and Sighs I spend: Yet greater torments do my heart destroy. I could all these from out my heart still send; If, after these, I might my Love enjoy.
4.
But heavens conspire; and heavens I must obey: That seeking love, I still must want my ease. For greatest joys are tempered with delay: Things soon obtained do least of all us please.
5.
My thoughts repine, and think the time too long. My love impatient wisheth to obtain. I blame the heavens, that do me all this wrong: To make me loved; and will not ease my pain.
6.
No pain like this, to love and not enjoy. No grief like this, to mourn and not be heard. No time so long as that which breeds annoy. No hell like this, to love and be deferred.
7.
But heaven shall stand, and earth inconstant fly; The sun shall freeze, and ice inconstant burn; The mountains flow, and all the earth be dry: Ere time shall force my loving thoughts to turn.
8.
"Do you resolve, sweet Love! to do the same: Say that you do, and seal it with a kiss! Then shall our truths [troths] the heavens' unkindness blame; That cannot hurt, yet shew their spite in this.
9.
"The silly Prentice, bound for many years, Doth hope that time his service will release; The town besieged, that lives in midst of fears, Doth hope in time the cruel wars will cease;
10.
"The toiling Ploughman sings in hope to reap; The tossèd bark expecteth for a shore; The boy at school to be at play doth leap, And straight forgets the fear he had before:
11.
"If those, by hope, do joy in their distress; And constant are, in hope to conquer time: Then let not hope in us, sweet Friend! be less; And cause our love to wither in the prime.
"Let us conspire, and time will have an end; So both of us in time shall have a friend."
Footnotes
[13] Spelt waste in the original edition—E.A.
[14] Spelt waste in the original edition—E.A.
FINIS.
The Rising to the Crown of
Richard the Third.
Written by himself.
"THe Stage is set, for Stately matter fit: Three Parts are passed, which Prince-like acted were. To play the Fourth requires a Kingly wit; Else shall my Muse, their Muses not come near. Sorrow sit down, and help my Muse to sing: For weep he may not, that was called a King.
"Shore's Wife, a subject though a Princesse mate, [15] Had little cause her fortune to lament: Her birth was mean, and yet she lived with State. The King was dead before her honour went. Shore's wife might fall, and none can justly wonder To see her fall that useth to lie under.
"Rosamond was fair, and far more fair than she: Her fall was great, and but a woman's fall. Trifles are these. Compare them but with me! My fortunes far, were higher than they all. I left this land, possessed with civil strife! And lost a Crown! mine honour! and my life!
"Elstred I pity, for she was a Queen: But for myself, to sigh I sorrow want. Her fall was great; but greater falls have been. Some falls they have, that use the Court to haunt. A toy did happen, and this Queen dismayed: But yet I see not why she was afraid.
"Fortune and I, for so the match began, Two games we played at Tennis for a Crown. I played right well, and so the First I wan: She scorned the loss, whereat she straight did frown We played again: and then I caught my fall. England, the Court; and Richard was the ball.
"Nor weep I now, as children that have lost: But smile to see the Poets of this Age, Like silly boats in shallow rivers tost, Losing their pains, and lacking still their wage, To write of Women, and of Women's falls; Who are too light for to be Fortune's balls.
"A King I was, and Richard was my name; Born to a Crown when first my life began. My thoughts ambitious, ventured for the same; And from my nephews I the Kingdom wan. Nor do I think that this my honour stained: A Crown I sought, and I a Kingdom gained.
"Time-tyrant Fate did fit me for a Crown. My father's fall did teach me to aspire. He meant, by force, his brother to put down; That so himself might hap to rise the higher. And what he lost by fortune, I have won: A Duke, the father: yet a King, the son.
"My father, Richard Duke of York was called: Three sons he had, all matchless at that time. I, Richard, youngest to them both was thralled; Yet two of us unto the Crown did climb. Edward, and I, this realm as Kings did hold: But George of Clarence could not, though he would.
"Sad Muse! set down, in terms not heard before, My sable fortune, and my mournful tale. Say what thou canst! and wish thou couldst say more! My bliss was great; but greater was my bale. I rose with speed: and so did fall as fast. Great was my glory; but it would not last.
"My brother George did plot for to be King. Sparks of ambition did possess us all. His thoughts were wise; but did not profit bring. I feared his Rising, and did make him fall. My reaching brain did doubt what might ensue. I scorned his life, and so he found it true.
"My brother George, men say, was slain by me A brother's part to give his brother wine; And for a Crown, I would his butcher be! (From [?] Crowns with blood, the brighter they will shine) To gain a kingdom, still it me behoved That all my lets [hindrances] full soundly were removed.
"Henry the Sixth, deprivèd of his Crown, Fame doth report, I put him to the death. Thus Fortune smiled, though after she did frown A dagger's stab, men say, did stop his breath. I careless was, both how, or who, were slain; So that thereby a Kingdom I could gain.
"Clusters of grapes full ripened with the heat, Nor smaller timber builded on a height, Fall not so fast as persons that are great: Losing their honours, bruisèd with their weight. But fewer means, the faster I did rise! And to be King, I Fortune did despise.
"My thoughts, ambitious spread, began to fly: And I, a Crown did follow with full wing. My hope was small; but yet I meant to try. I had no right: yet longed to be a King. Fear, or Suspect, amazed me not at all: If I were crossed, the worst was but to fall.
"The lion fierce, despoilèd of his prey, Runs not with speed so fast as did my thought. My doubtful mind forbade me long to stay: For why, a Kingdom was the thing I sought. Now was the time when this was to be done; Or blame my thoughts, because they it begun.
"My brother died, and left two sons behind; Both under age, unfit to guide the land: This right fell out according to my mind; For now these two were rulèd with my hand. 'England's great Lord,' the subjects did me call; And I was made Protector over all.
"But as the wolf defends the harmless sheep: Whose bloody mouth can hardly be content Until he spoil what he was set to keep; And silly [innocent] sheep be all to pieces rent. So still a Crown did hammer in my head: Full of mistrust, till both these two were dead.
"The elder son with speed to London came; And walls forsook where he had lived before. London, the place of greatest strength and fame; The island's treasure; and the English store. For him, Lord Rivers was appointed guide: The King's own uncle by his mother's side.
"Rivers was wise; but him I could not brook. I well foresaw what harm there might ensue: This to prevent, with speed I counsel took; And, as I thought, so did I find it true. For if that Rivers should obtain his mind; My heart's desire, then hardly could I find.
Rivers and Grey, of treason I accused: And told the Prince what both they did intend. My tale was false, and I the King abused: Thus both their lives unjustly did I end. The King was young, and greater was the grief And, needs, my words did urge him to belief.
"Not long this past; but hasting to the Queen A post was sent to shew what did befall; And who the Actors of this fact had been: The Lord Protector was the cause of all. The Queen amazed, did wonder at this news: And scarce did think it; yet she could not choose.
"Possessed with fear: four daughters and her son, She thence conveyed into a sacred place [sanctuary]. Supposing true, the harm but now begun; And that I thought to murder all her race. She, York's Archbishop did entreat for aid; Who in the Abbey not far distant laid.
"The Bishop came, and mourning found the Queen; Who did lament the fortune of her son; The realm's distress, the like before not seen; Her own misfortune; and the State undone. Thus sighed the Queen, and wished her State were less; And prayed that heavens would give the King success.
"'My Lord,' she said, 'my thoughts presage some ill; And mournful sorrow seizeth on my heart. This sudden news with grief my soul doth fill; And I, for fear, do quake in every part. In this distress, we cannot hope to live; Except this sacred place some safety give.'
"He then replied, 'Dread Sovereign, do not faint! A causeless fear in wisdom do withstand! Yield not too soon, with grief to make complaint; When no such cause approaching is at hand. For feeble minds, through weakness, coin new fears; When stronger hearts, true grief more wisely bear.
"'And if they crown some other, not your son; A thing unlike, yet fear what may befall! Then shall the same unto this child be done; Whom brother's right, by due, a King shall call: But tyrants' force will hardly be so bold; During the time the other is in hold.'
"Then more advised, he told her what he thought. She and her son some causes had to fear; And England's Seal he therefore with him brought, Which by his Place he customed was to bear. Thus he resolved to leave the Seal behind, Till wiser thoughts straight altered had his mind.
"The Bishop home returnèd in all haste; And sadly sat, suspecting what might fall. But then my coming made them all aghast; And for the Bishop I did straightway call. I knew his deed, and blamed him to his face; And for the Seal, another had his Place.
"Thus tyrant hate possessed me for a Crown: My mind, the anvil of a thousand harms. I raised my friends: my foes I cast them down. This made the subjects flock to me in swarms. My will was strong, I made it for a law. For basest minds are rulèd best by awe.
"I called the Council; and did straight persuade From mother's side to fetch the other son. My drift was further than they well could wade: I gave them reasons why it must be done. 'The King a playmate wanted for his years; And could not well be fitted with his Peers.'
"The Card'nal went on message to the Queen; And used persuasions for her other child. He plainly said, Her fear had causeless been; Nor need she doubt by me to be beguiled. I was Protector, chosen by consent; With Council grave, all treason to prevent.
"'And I protest,' quoth Card'nal, 'on my life! (For so indeed the Card'nal did suppose). Your son, with safety, shall cut off this strife; And you, nor place, nor land, nor son, shall lose. Dread Sovereign, grant! and let your son be free: If he hath harm; then set the fault on me!'
"The Queen was moved; and quaking did reply: 'A mother's love doth breed a mother's fear; And loath I am those mischiefs for to try, With doubtful hazard of a thing so dear. I doubt, my Lord, the nearest of his blood; In true intent scarce wisheth any good.
"'The Laws do make my son his mother's Ward; Religion bids I should not slack my care; And Nature binds mine own for to regard: These, and his health, good Lord, good reasons are To make my fear no smaller than it is; Whilst fear persuades what harm may come of this.
"'Yet take my son; and with my son, take all! Come, kiss me, son! Thy mother's last farewell! Thy years, sweet boy! suspect not what may fall. Nor can my tongue for tears thy fortune tell. But hardly Crowns, their kindred will discern; As you, sweet child! I fear yet long shall learn.
"'GOD bless thee, son! and I, my son, thee bless! Thy mother's comfort, and thy brother's life! Nay, weep not, son! GOD send thee good success; And safe defend thee from that tyrant's knife! Card'nal farewell, be careful of my son! For once I vowed, this never to have done.'
"I and the Council in Star Chamber were: To whom the Card'nal did in haste resort, Who brought the child, which ended all my fear. The mother's care he briefly did report. I kissed the child, and took it to my arm; Thus none did think I meant it any harm.
"Then as the wolf, half famished for his prey; Or hungry lion, that a lamb had got: My thirsty mind, I meant his blood should stay; And yet the wisest not perceive my plot. To the Tower in haste, I sent him to his brother: And there, with speed, I both at once did smother.
"Now two there were but living, in my way; Buckingham and Hastings both, to cross my mind. The one was 'headed straight without delay; The other, favours did unto me bind. To match our children, I did him persuade; And Earl of Hertford, he himself be made.
Now as the sea, before the storm doth swell; Or fumes arise before we see the flame: So whispering bruit began my drifts to tell; And all imparted unto babbling Fame. I deemed it danger, speech for to despise; For, after this, I knew a storm would rise.
"London's Lord Mayor, I used for my turn; And caused him speak, what treason had been done. I, by these means, the people's hearts did turn; And made them eye me as the Rising Sun. Thus whilst I meant the island to bring under: The people's heads on news I set to wonder.
Then, at the Cross, I caused a Doctor preach, To tell the subjects what I wished them know. The man was cunning, and had skill to teach: Out of my brain I made his Sermon flow. Thus everywhere I did such notice give, As all did cry, 'Heavens, let King Richard live!'
"So did I live, and callèd was a King. Friends swarmed so fast as bees unto the hive. Thus basest means, the highest fortunes bring. The Crown obtained did cause my thoughts revive. I scorned my friends; and those did most despise That were the means by which I did arise.
"Blood and Revenge did hammer in my head. Unquiet thoughts did gallop in my brain. I had no rest till all my friends were dead; Whose help I used, the Kingdom to obtain. My dearest friend I thought not safe to trust: Nor scarce myself; but that, perforce, I must.
"Nor speak I now as if I did repent; Unless for this a Crown I bought so cheap. For meaner things men, wits and lives have spent; Which blood have sown, and Crowns could never reap. Live Richard long! the honour of thy name: And scorn all such as do thy fortune blame.
"Thus have I told, how I a Crown did win; Which now torments me that I cannot sleep. Where I do end, my sorrow did begin; Because I got which long I could not keep. My verse is harsh, yet, Reader, do not frown! I wore no garland; but a golden Crown.
Footnotes
[15] ] ? = Prince's mate, or Princess made.—E. A.
FINIS.
TO THE READER.
Courteous Reader, for my own fault, I refer thee to my Preface, but for the Printer's, I crave pardon. The excuse is just, if thou knew the cause. I desire thee therefore to correct the greater [faults], thus; the lesser, of thyself; and to pardon all.
[The corrections have been embodied in the text. E.A.]
Sir Robert Carey,
Lord Warden of the Middle Marches;
and afterwards Earl of Monmouth.
Account of the Death of Queen Elizabeth; and of
his ride to King James at Edinburgh,
25th-27th March 1603.
[Memoirs, pp. 135-156; written about 1627,
but first published by Lord Cork in 1759.]
IN this state was this Middle March when James came in King of England: and in all the time I continued Officer there, GOD so blessed me and all the actions I took in hand, that I never failed of any one enterprise: but they were all effected to my own desire and the good of that Government. Thus passed I forty-two of my years; [? 1560-1602], GOD assisting with his blessing and mighty protection.
After that all things were quieted and the Border in safety, towards the end of five years [1598-1603] that I had been Warden there; having little to do, I resolved upon a journey to Court, to see my friends and renew my acquaintance there. I took my journey about the end of the year [which, according to the old reckoning, ended on the 24th March: say then, March 1603].
When I came to Court [at Richmond], I found the Queen ill disposed, and she kept her inner lodging.
Yet she, hearing of my arrival, sent for me.
I found her in one of her withdrawing chambers, sitting low upon her cushions. She called me to her.
I kissed her hand, and told her, It was my chiefest happiness to see her in safety and health, which I wished might long continue.
She took me by the hand, and wrung it hard; and said "No, Robin, I am not well!" and then discoursed with me of her indisposition, and that her heart had been sad and heavy for ten or twelve days: and, in her discourse, she fetched not so few as forty or fifty great sighs.
I was grieved, at the first, to see her in this plight: for, in all my lifetime before, I never knew her fetch a sigh, but when the Queen of Scots was beheaded. Then [in 1587], upon my knowledge, she shed many tears and sighs; manifesting her innocence that she never gave consent to the death of that Queen.
I used the best words I could to persuade her from this melancholy humour; but I found, by her, it was too deep rooted in her heart; and hardly to be removed.
This was upon a Saturday night [? 19th March 1603]: and she gave command that the Great Closet should be prepared for her to go to Chapel the next morning.
The next day, all things being in a readiness; we long expected her coming.
After eleven o'clock, one of the Grooms [of the Chambers] came out, and bade make ready for the Private Closet; for she would not go to the Great.
There we stayed long for her coming: but at last she had cushions laid for her in the Privy Chamber, hard by the Closet door; and there she heard service.
From that day forwards, she grew worse and worse. She remained upon her cushions four days and nights, [? Saturday 19th to Tuesday 22nd March 1603] at the least. All about her could not persuade her, either to take any sustenance, or [to] go to bed.
I, hearing that neither her Physicians, nor none about her, could persuade her to take any course for her safety, feared her death would soon after ensue. I could not but think in what a wretched estate I should be left: most of my livelihood depending on her life. And hereupon I bethought myself with what grace and favour I was ever received by the King of Scots, whensoever I was sent to him. I did assure myself it was neither unjust, nor unhonest, for me to do for myself; if GOD, at that time, should call her to his mercy. Hereupon I wrote to the King of Scots, knowing him to be the right heir to the Crown of England; and certified him in what state Her Majesty was. I desired him not to stir from Edinburgh: and if, of that sickness she should die, I would be the first man that should bring him news of it.
The Queen grew worse and worse, because she would be so: none about her being able to persuade her to go to bed. [The Earl of Nottingham] my Lord Admiral was sent for: who (by reason of my sister [Catharine]'s death, that was his wife) had absented himself some fortnight from [the] Court.
What by fair means, what by force, he gat her to bed. There was no hope of her recovery, because she refused all remedies.
On Wednesday, the 23rd of March [1603], she grew speechless. That afternoon, by signs, she called for her [Privy] Council: and by putting her hand to her head, when the King of Scots was named to succeed her, they all knew he was the man she desired should reign after her.
About six at night, she made signs for [John Whitgift] the Archbishop, and her Chaplains to come to her. At which time, I went in with them; and sat upon my knees full of tears to see that heavy sight.
Her Majesty lay upon her back; with one hand in the bed, and the other without.
The [Arch]bishop kneeled down by her, and examined her first of her faith: and she so punctually answered all his several questions by lifting up her eyes, and holding up her hand, as it was a comfort to all beholders.
Then the good man told her plainly, What she was; and What she was to come to: and though she had been long a great Queen here upon earth; yet shortly she was to yield an account of her stewardship to the King of Kings.
After this, he began to pray: and all that were by did answer him. After he had continued long in prayer, till the old man's knees were weary, he blessed her, and meant to rise and leave her.
The Queen made a sign with her hand.
My sister [Philadelphia, Lady] Scroope, knowing her meaning, told the Bishop, The Queen desired he would pray still.
He did so for a long half-hour after; and then thought to have left her.
The second time she made sign to have him continue in prayer.
He did so for half an hour more, with earnest cries to GOD for her soul's health; which he uttered with that fervency of spirit as the Queen, to all our sight, much rejoiced thereat: and gave testimony to us all, of her Christian and comfortable end.
By this time, it grew late; and every one departed: all but her Women that attended her.
This that I heard with my ears, and did see with my eyes, I thought it my duty to set down, and to affirm it for a truth upon the faith of a Christian; because I know there have been many false lies reported of the end and death of that good Lady.
I went to my lodging, and left word with one in the Cofferer's Chamber to call me, if that night it was thought she would die; and gave the Porter an angel [10s. = £2 now] to let me in at any time, when I called.
Between one and two of the clock on Thursday morning [25th March 1603], he that I left in the Cofferer's Chamber, brought me word, "The Queen was dead."
I rose, and made all haste to the Gate [of Richmond Palace], to get in.
There I was answered, I could not enter: the Lords of the [Privy] Council having been with him [the Porter] and commanded him that none should go in or out, but by Warrant from them.
At the very instant, one of the Council [Sir Edward Wotton, afterwards Lord Wotton; see page [526]] the Comptroller [of the Household] asked, Whether I was at the Gate?
I said, "Yes."
He said, If I pleased, he would let me in.
I desired to know how the Queen was.
He answered, "Pretty well."
I bade him "Good Night!"
He replied and said, "Sir, if you will come in; I will give you my word and credit you shall go out again at your own pleasure."
Upon his word, I entered the Gate, and came up to the Cofferer's Chamber: where I found all the Ladies weeping bitterly.
He [the Comptroller] led me from thence to the Privy Chamber; where all the [Privy] Council was assembled.
There I was caught hold of; and assured I should not go for Scotland till their pleasures were further known.
I told them, "I came of purpose, to that end."
From thence, they all went to [Sir Robert Cecil] the Secretary's Chamber: and, as they went, they gave a special command to the Porters, that none should go out at the Gates but such servants as they should send to prepare their coaches and horses for London.
Thus was I left, in the midst of the Court, to think my own thoughts till they had done counsel. I went to [George, Lord Hunsdon] my brother's chamber: who was in bed, having been over-watched many nights before.
I got him up with all speed; and when the [Privy] Council's men were going out of the Gate, my brother thrust to the Gate.
The Porter, knowing him to be a Great Officer, let him out. I pressed after him, and was stayed by the Porter.
My brother said angrily to the Porter, "Let him out, I will answer for him!" Whereupon I was suffered to pass: which I was not a little glad of.
I got to horse, and rode to the Knight Marshal's Lodging by Charing Cross; and there stayed till the Lords [of the Privy Council] came to Whitehall Garden.
I stayed there till it was nine a clock in the morning; and hearing that all the Lords were in the Old Orchard at Whitehall, I sent the [Knight] Marshal to tell them, That I had stayed all that while, to know their pleasures; and that I would attend them, if they would command me any service.
They were very glad when they heard I was not gone: and desired the [Knight] Marshal to send for me; and I should, with all speed, be despatched for Scotland.
The [Knight] Marshal believed them; and sent Sir Arthur Savage for me.
I made haste to them.
One of the [Privy] Council, [Sir William Knollys] my Lord of [Banbury] that now is [see page [526]], whispered the [Knight] Marshal in the ear, and told him, If I came; they would stay me, and send some other in my stead.
The [Knight] Marshal got from them; and met me coming to them, between the two Gates. He bade me, Be gone! for he had learned, for certain, that if I came to them, they would betray me.
I returned, and took horse between nine and ten a clock; and [by] that night rode to Doncaster [162 miles from London; and 235 miles from Edinburgh].
The Friday night [the 26th], I came to my own house at Widdrington [298 miles from London; and 99 miles from Edinburgh]; and presently took order with my Deputies [of the Middle Marches, Henry Widdrington and William Fenwick; see page [499]] to see the Borders kept in quiet; which they had much to do: and gave order [that], the next morning, the King of Scotland should be proclaimed King of England [at Widdrington]; and at Morpeth [289 miles from London] and Alnwick [306 miles from London].
Very early, on Saturday [27th March 1603], I took horse [at Widdrington] for Edinburgh; and came to Norham [331 miles from London, 8 miles South of Berwick, and 66 miles from Edinburgh], about twelve at noon. So that I might well have been with the King at supper time: but I got a great fall by the way [i.e. after leaving Norham]; and my horse, with one of his heels, gave me a great blow on the head, that made me shed much blood. It made me so weak, that I was forced to ride a soft pace after: so that the King was newly gone to bed by the time I knocked at the gate [of Holyrood House, Edinburgh].
I was quickly let in; and carried up to the King's Chamber. I kneeled by him, and saluted him by his title of "England, Scotland, France, and Ireland."
He gave me his hand to kiss; and bade me welcome.
After he had long discoursed of the manner of the Queen's sickness, and of her death; he asked, What letters I had from the [Privy] Council?
I told him, "None": and acquainted him how narrowly I [had] escaped from them. And yet I brought him a blue ring from a Lady,[16] that I hoped would give him assurance of the truth that I had reported.
He took it, and looked upon it, and said, "It is enough. I know by this, you are a true messenger."
Then he committed me to the charge of my Lord Home; and gave straight command that I should want nothing.
He sent for his Chirurgions to attend me; and when I kissed his hand, at my departure, he said to me these gracious words:
"I know you have lost a near kinswoman and a loving Mistress: but take here my hand, I will be as good a Master to you; and will requite you this service with honour and reward."
So I left him that night, and went with my Lord HOME to my lodging: where I had all things fitting for so weary a man as I was. After my head was dressed, I took leave of my Lord and many others that attended me; and went to my rest.
The next morning [Sunday, 28th March 1603], by ten a clock, my Lord Home was sent to me from the King, to know how I had rested: and withal said, That His Majesty commanded him to know of me, What it was that I desired most that he should do for me? [and] bade me, Ask, and it should be granted.
I desired my Lord to say to His Majesty from me, That I had no reason to importune him for any suit; for that I had not, as yet, done him any service: but my humble request to His Majesty was to admit me a Gentleman of his Bedchamber; and hereafter, I knew, if His Majesty saw me worthy, I should not want to taste of his bounty.
My Lord returned this answer, That he [the King] sent me word back, "with all his heart, I should have my request."
And the next time I came to Court, which was some four days after [Thursday, 1st April 1603], at night, I was called into his Bedchamber: and there, by my Lord [the Duke of Lenox, afterwards Duke] of Richmond, in his presence, I was sworn one of the Gentlemen of his Bedchamber; and presently I helped to take off his clothes, and stayed till he was in bed.
After this, there came, daily, Gentlemen and Noblemen from our Court; and the King set down a fixed day [Tuesday, 5th April 1603] for his departure towards London.
Upon the report of the Queen's death, the East Border broke forth into great unruliness; insomuch as many complaints came to the King thereof. I was desirous to go to appease them; but I was so weak and ill of my head, that I was not able to undertake such a journey [expedition]: but I offered that I would send my two Deputies, that should appease the trouble and make them quiet; which was by them, shortly after, effected.
Now was I to begin a new World: for by the King's coming to the crown, I was to lose the best part of my living. For [with the death of the Queen] my Office of Wardenry ceased; and I lost the pay of 40 Horse: which were not so little, both [of them] as £1,000 per annum.
Most of the Great Ones in Court envied my happiness, when they heard I was sworn of the King's Bedchamber: and in Scotland I had no acquaintance. I only relied on GOD and the King. The one never left me: the other, shortly after his coming to London, deceived my expectation; and adhered to those that sought my ruin.
Footnotes
[16] The account of the blue ring which Lady Elizabeth Spelman gave to Lord Corke was this:—
King James kept a constant and private correspondence with several persons of the English Court, during many years before Queen Elizabeth died. Among them was [Philadelphia] Lady Scroope [see page [478]], sister of Sir Robert Carey: to whom His Majesty sent, by Sir James Fullerton, a sapphire ring; with positive orders to return it to him, by a special messenger, as soon as the Queen was actually expired.
Lady Scroope had no opportunity of delivering it to her brother Sir Robert, whilst he was in the Palace of Richmond; but waiting at the window till she saw him at the outside of the Gate [see page [480]], she threw it out to him; and he well knew to what purpose he received it.
S.E.B. [Sir S. E. Brydges.] Memoirs of the Peers of England during the reign of James I., p. 413. Ed. 1802. 8vo.
The
True Narration
of the
Entertainment of His Royal Majesty, from
the time of his departure from
Edinburgh till his receiving
at London:
with all, or the most special, Occurrences.
TOGETHER WITH
The names of those Gentlemen whom
His Majesty honoured with Knighthood.
AT LONDON.
Printed by Thomas Creede
for Thomas Millington.
1603.
To the Reader.
AFter long travail to be informed of every particular, as much as diligence might prevail in; this small Work of His Majesty's Receiving and Royal Entertainment is brought forth: which, though it may seem to have been too long deferred [This book was entered at Stationers' Hall on the 9th May 1603, Arber, Transcript, etc. III., p. 234. It however contains information up to the 18th of that month, see page [518]]; yet seeing nothing thereof hath been public, no time can be too late to express so excellent a matter. Wherein the dutiful love of many noble subjects so manifestly appeared to our dread Lord and Sovereign, and his royal thankfulness in exchange for that which was indeed but duty; though so adorned with munificent bounty, that most Houses where His Highness rested were so furnished by the owners with plenty of delights and delicates, that there was discerned no negligence; but if there were any offence, the sin only appeared in excess—as more at large you shall hereafter perceive; where the truth of everything is rather pointed at, than stood upon.
All diligence was used to get the names of those Gentlemen that in sundry places received the honour of Knighthood; and what the Heralds have in register are duly set down, both for name, time, and place. If any be omitted; let it please them but to signify their names, and the House where they received that honour: and there shall be additions put to this impression; or, at least, which will be by order more fitly, placed in the next. Many, I am sure, there are not missing: and only in that point we are somewhat doubtful. The rest is, from His Highness's departure from Edinburgh [to] his coming to London, so exactly set down as nothing can be added to it but superfluous words; which we have strived to avoid.
Thine,
T. M.
A Narration of the Progress and Entertainment
of the King's most excellent Majesty,
with the Occurrents happening
in the same Journey.
THe eternal Majesty, in whose hand are both the mean and mighty of the earth, pleased to deliver from weakness of body and grief of mind, Elizabeth his Hand Maid, our late royal Mistress and gracious Sovereign: easing her age from the burthen of earthly Kingdoms, and placing her, as we steadfastly hope, in his heavenly empire; being the resting place, after death, for all them that believe faithfully in their life.
Thursday, the 24th of March, some two hours after midnight [i.e. 25th March 1603], departed the spirit of that great Princess from the prison of her weak body; which now sleeps in the Sepulchre of her grandfather [i.e. in Henry VII.'s Chapel in Westminster Abbey].
The Council of State and the Nobility (on whom the care of all the country chiefly depended), immediately assembling together, no doubt assisted with the Spirit of Truth, considering the infallible right of our Sovereign Lord, King James, took such order that the news of the Queen's death should no sooner be spread to deject the hearts of the people; but, at the instant, they should be comforted with the Proclaiming of the King.
Being hereon determined, Sir Robert Carey took his journey in post towards Scotland, to signify to the King's Majesty the sad tidings of his Royal Sister's death; and the joyful hearts of his subjects that expected no comfort but in, and by, His Majesty's blessed Government.
This noble Gentleman's care was such that he intermitted no time: but, notwithstanding his sundry shift of horses and some falls that bruised him very sore, he by the way, proclaimed the King at Morpeth.
And, on Saturday [26th March 1603], coming to Berwick, acquainting his worthy brother, Sir John Carey, how all things stood, posted on to Edinburgh; where he attained that night: having ridden near[ly] 400 miles in less than three days.
But before we come there, you shall understand what was instantly done at Berwick by Sir John Carey, upon the news brought by Sir Robert his brother. Who, like a worthy soldier and politic Statesman, considering it was a town of great import and a place of war [Berwick was the Portsmouth of England at this time, and bridled Scotland]; he caused all the garrison to be summoned together, as also the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses: in whose presence he made a short and pithy Oration, including Her Majesty's death, and signifying the intent of the State for submitting to their lawful Lord.
And presently, with great contentment of all parties, His Majesty was proclaimed King of England, Scotland, France, etc. on Saturday, in the afternoon, being the 26th of March [1603], about three of the clock. Where all the people, though they grieved for their late Queen; yet was grief suddenly turned to pleasure, in expectation of their new King. But we will post from Berwick after Sir Robert Carey, and overtake him in Edinburgh.
You understood before, that Sir Robert came to Edinburgh on Saturday night; where, being admitted to the King, be-blooded with great falls and bruises, [he] brought His Highness the first news of Queen Elizabeth's death: which howsoever it presented him with kingdoms, glory, and immense wealth; yet, like his royal self, he showed apparent signs of princely sorrow. And dismissing Sir Robert Carey, after so great toil, to his repose: His Majesty continued in his grief; and through that, expressed his true piety.
It was thought necessary in so high affairs to let slip no occasion, however sorrow particularly touched His Majesty for the loss of his private friend and royal Sister; yet the general care as well of those his people in Scotland as for us in England, caused him on Sunday, being the 27th of March [1603], to despatch [John Bothwell] the Bishop of Holyroodhouse to Berwick: that he might receive the town to his use, as the nearest place wherein, by right, he claimed possession.
Who accordingly, making all the speed he might, came to Berwick; where of the Governor he was honourably entertained: and, after signifying His Majesty's pleasure, reposed himself for that night.
On Monday, being the 28th of March, by sound of trumpet, the Governor, Mayor, Officers, and Council of the town were assembled at the Cross; where there the Governor [Sir John Carey] surrendered to the Bishop of Holyroodhouse his staff and all his authority, unto the King's Majesty's use. So likewise did the Mayor deliver up the keys of the town.
And the said Bishop, being thus seised of all authority to His Majesty's use, ministered the Oath of Allegiance unto the Governor, Mayor, and the Superior Officers belonging to the garrison and to the town.
Which oath taken, the Bishop of Holyroodhouse (expressing the gracious intention of His Majesty, as well to them as all others his subjects of England whom he found like them affected: which was rather to maintain, than to infringe, their Charters; to give, than to take from them anything) redelivered the keys and staff of authority to the Mayor and Governor. So likewise to every Commander, Captain, Lieutenant, and whatsoever Office they had before Her Majesty's death, there, in the King's name, he confirmed them: to their great joy and contentment. Thus spent the Lord of Holyroodhouse the first part of Monday in Berwick; and dined with the Magistrates.
In the afternoon, the Lord Governor and his chief Officers of place called together all the soldiers that were under pay; so did the Mayor and Aldermen convene all the communalty of the town. To whom when the oath was read, and the Magistrates had certified them that they had been their example; the Lord of Holyroodhouse wondered at, and much commended, their joy and readiness to be sworn servants to so regal a Master. Which he amply discoursed at his return to Edinburgh the next day; not hiding any of their forward applauses, but delivered their willingness to His Highness with express and lively words: assuring him, by his entrance into England at that little door, how welcome into the wide house His Excellence should be.
While this was a doing in Berwick, there drew to the King hourly most of the Nobility in Scotland, with sundry Knights and Gentlemen; gratulating the great blessings befallen His Highness, and attending his royal pleasure.
Besides, many numbers of Gentlemen came out of England to salute His Majesty; all [of] whom he graciously welcomed, and honoured one of them with the Order of Knighthood, [17]—being Master John Peyton [co. Norf.], son to Sir John Peyton, Lieutenant of the Tower of London. This being to that noble Gentleman no little glory that he was first Knight—yea, named by the King's Majesty "his first Knight"—that was made by our Sovereign after he was nominated and truly known to be the mightiest King in Europe.
During the continuance of His Majesty in Scotland, before his Progress towards England, his whole care was for the peaceable government of that Realm, from which he was a while to part. And to that end, he had sundry conferences with his Nobility, laying the safest projects that, in his wisdom and their experiences, seemed likely for effecting his royal desire: which, GOD willing, will come to pass to his great liking and [the] benefit of both the Realms.
But that it might more to his people appear; he in person came graciously to the city of Edinburgh, unto the Public Sermon. And after the Sermon was finished, in a most learned but more loving Oration, he expressed his occasion of leaving them, to the burgesses and a number of the people: exhorting them to continue in obedience, being the bond that binds Princes to affect their subjects, which broken on their part he trusted should never be, and of his they were assured; persuading them also to agreement amongst themselves, being the bond of charity that tied all men, especially Christians, to love and bear with one another. In which obedience to him, and agreement amongst themselves if they continued: howsoever he was, in a manner, at that time, constrained to leave them; yet he would, in his own person, visit them, and that shortly, in times convenient and most necessary for his own advancement and their benefit.
Yet for all his kingly oratory, mild behaviour, and true intention; the people's hearts against his departure were even dead: and grief seized every private man's reins, saving only those that were made happy by attending his royal person into England.
For now they began duly to think upon his unmatched virtues, which never the most malicious enemy could impeach: being in the World's eye innocent of any capital and notorious crime, but such as may be incident to any just man; who daily falls, but never falls away. They now considered his affability, mercy, justice, and magnanimity They remembered how, in late years, Scotland, by his government, had increased in more riches than in the time of many [of] his predecessors: besides, his care for establishing true religion, his traffic almost with all nations, the royalty of his marriage, the blessings hoped for by his issue.
And such a universal sorrow was amongst them, that some of the meaner sort spake even distractedly; and [there were] none but, at his departing (which yet we are not come unto), expressed such sorrow as in that nation hath seldom been seen the like: albeit the King's Majesty was possessed of that which the common sort of the nation long wished for; I mean, the Kingdom [of England].
The 31st of March [1603], being Thursday, His Majesty, with great solemnity and pomp, was proclaimed King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, at the Market Cross of Edinburgh, in presence of the whole Officers of Estate of the Realm, and many of the Nobility of Scotland, and sundry Knights and Gentlemen of England.
And in the evening of that day, there were many hundreds of bonfires made all about the city; with great feasting and merriment held till the appearing of the next day.
But as joyful as they were of His Majesty's great advancement, and enlarging of his Empire; so were they, as I before noted, for their private want of him no less filled with grief as, above all other times, was most apparently expressed at his departure from Edinburgh towards England: the cries of [the] poor people being so lamentable and confused that it moved His Majesty to much compassion; yet seeing their clamours were only of affection and not grounded on reason, with many gracious and loving words he left them, and proceeded on his Progress.
It was the 5th of April, being Tuesday, that His Majesty departed from Edinburgh, gallantly accompanied with multitudes of his Nobility, Lords, Barons, and Gentlemen of Scotland; and some French, as the French Ambassor being Leger [? resident] in Scotland, whose wife was carried betwixt Edinburgh and London by eight pioneers or porters; one four to relieve the other four by turns, carrying her in a chair with slings.
As also His Majesty, being accompanied with his own attendants, as the Duke of Lenox, the Earl of Argyle, the Earl of Murray, the Earl of Cassillis, the Earl of Mar, the Lord Home, the Lord Oliphant, and sundry others too tedious in this place to be repeated; for that several their names shall hereafter be more particularly expressed.
Besides, there were in His Highness's train, many numbers of gallant and well appointed English Knights and Gentlemen: who attended His Majesty that day from Edinburgh unto Dunglass, a House of the Lord Home's; where His Excellence reposed himself that night.
Wednesday, the 6th of April, His Majesty progressed from Dunglass towards Berwick: having then attending on him many more Noblemen Knights and Gentlemen; besides the Lords Wardens of the Borders of England and Scotland, attended by the Borderers with several companies to receive him. The Lord Governor of Berwick also, being accompanied with all the Council of War, the Constables with their Cornets of Horse, and divers of the Captains; the Band of Gentlemen Pensioners [of Berwick] with divers Gentlemen; advanced forward to entertain and conduct His Majesty into the town of Berwick.
Happy day, when peaceably so many warlike English Gentlemen went to bring in an English and Scottish King, both included in one person, into that town that, many a hundred years, hath been a town of the enemy; or at the least held, in all leagues, either for one nation or the other. But the King of Peace have glory, that so peaceably hath ordained a King, descended from the royal blood of either nation, to make that town, by his possessing it, a harbour for English and Scots, without thought of wrong or grudging envy.
Not to digress longer, these gallants met him and were graciously respected of His Highness; so falling in among the other Trophies, they set forward.
And when His Highness came within some half mile of the town, and began to take view thereof; it suddenly seemed like an enchanted Castle. For from the mouths of dreadful engines (not long before full fed, by moderate arts-men that knew how to stop and empty the brass and iron paunches, of those roaring noises) came such a tempest as dreadful, and sometimes more deathful, than thunder; that all the ground thereabout trembled as in an earthquake, the houses and towers staggering: wrapping the whole town in a mantle of smoke, wherein the same was a while hid from the sight of his royal owner.
But nothing violent can be permanent. It was too hot to last: and yet I have heard it credibly reported, that a better Peal of Ordnance was never, in any soldier's memory (and there are some [of] old King Harry's lads in Berwick, I can tell you!) discharged in that place. Neither was it very strange, for no man can remember Berwick honoured with the approach of so powerful a Master.
Well, the King is now very near the gates: and as all darkness flies before the face of the sun, so did these clouds of smoke and gunpowder vanish at his gracious approach.
In the clearness of which fair time, issued out of the town Master William Selby [co. Northumb.] Gentleman, Porter of Berwick, with divers Gentlemen of good repute; and [he], humbling himself before the King's Majesty, presented unto him the keys of all the ports [gates]—who received them graciously: and when His Highness was entered betwixt the gates, he restored to the said Master Selby the keys again, and graced him with the honour of Knighthood, for this his especial service; in that he was the first man that possessed His Excellence of those keys, Berwick indeed being the gate that opened into all his dominions.
This done, His Highness entered the second gate, and being within both the walls he was received by the Captain of the Ward: and so passed through a double Guard of soldiers, well armed in all points; but, with looks humble and words cheerful, they gave His Majesty to know their hearts witnessed that their arms were worn only to be used in his royal service.
Between this Guard, His Majesty passed on to the Market Cross, where the Mayor and his Brethren [the Aldermen] received him with no small signs of joy, and such signs of triumph as the brevity of time for preparation would admit. But the common people seemed so overwrapt with his presence, that they omitted nothing, their power and capacities could attain unto, to express loyal duty and hearty affection: kneeling, shouting, crying "Welcome!" and "GOD save King James!" till they were, in a manner, entreated to be silent.
As soon as it pleased the people to give him leave that he might speak, Master Parkinson, the Recorder of Berwick, being a man grave and reverend, made a brief speech to His Majesty, acknowledging him [as] their sole and Sovereign Lord. To whom, in the town's name, he surrendered their Charter: presenting His Highness also from them with a purse of gold; which, as an offering of their love, he graciously received. And for their Charter, he answered them most benignly and royally, That it should be continued: and that he would maintain their privileges, and uphold them and their town in all equity; by reason it was the principal and first place honoured with his mighty and most gracious person.
These ceremonies amongst the townsmen ended: as his usual manner is after any journey, His Majesty passed to the Church, there to humble himself before the Exalter of the humble: and [to] thank him for the benefits bestowed upon him and all his people. At which time preached before him, the Reverend Father in God, Doctor Toby Matthew, Bishop of Durham: who made a most learned and worthy Sermon.
Which finished, the King departed to his Palace; and then they gave him a Peel of great Ordnance, more hot than before: Berwick having never had King to rest within her walls well nigh these hundred years.
The night was quickly overpassed especially with the townsmen that, never in a night, thought themselves securer: but the journey of the hours is always one, however they are made short or long by the apprehension of joy, or [the] sufferance of grief.
The morning's sun chased away the clouds of sleep from every eye; which the more willingly opened that they might be comforted with the sight of their beloved Sovereign: who, in his estate, attended upon by the Governor and the Noblemen, together with the Magistrates and Officers of the town, passed to the Church, where he stayed the Divine Prayers and Sermon; which when with his wonted humility he had heard finished, in the like estate he returned to his Palace.
This day, being Thursday the 7th of April, His Majesty ascended the walls; whereupon all the Cannoniers and other Officers belonging to the great Ordnance stood, everyone in his place: the Captains with their Bands [Companies] of soldiers likewise under their several Colours. Amongst which warlike train, as His Majesty was very pleasant and gracious; so to shew instance how he loved and respected the Art Military, he made a shot himself out of a cannon, so fair, and with such sign of experience, that the most expert Gunners there beheld it not without admiration: and there were none, of judgement, present but, without flattery, gave it just commendation.
Of no little estimation did the Gunners account themselves after this kingly shot: but His Majesty, above all virtues in temperance most excellent, left that part of the wall, and their extraordinary applause.
Being attended by his Nobility both of Scotland and England (the Lord Henry Howard, brother to the late Duke of Norfolk; and the Lord Cobham, being then newly come to the town), and guarded by the Gentlemen Pensioners of Berwick; he bestowed this day in surveying of the plots [plans] and fortifications, commending the manner of the soldiers, and the military order of the town: being indeed one of the best places of strength in all the north of England. All which, when, with great liking, he had to his kingly pleasure beheld; he returned to his Palace, and there reposed till the next day.
The 8th of April, being Friday, the trumpets warned for the remove. And, all that morning, His Majesty, with royal liberality, bestowed amongst the garrison soldiers, and every Officer for war according to his place, so rich and bounteous rewards that all soldiers, by his bountiful beginning there, may be assured that they shall not, as they have been, be curtailed of their duties [what is due to them] by exacting Pollers; but used as the servants and servitors of a King: which very name, but more his largess, adds double spirit to a man of war.
After dinner, His Highness mounted on horseback and took leave of Berwick: where, near the bridge, he knighted Master Ralph Grey [co. Northumb.]; a Gentleman of great command and possession near the Borders.
As his Excellence left Berwick, and entered the Realm of England, he was received by Master Nicholas Forster [of Bamburgh Abbey], High Sheriff of Northumberland, [whom he knighted at Widdrington]: who, besides his own servants and followers, was accompanied with a number of gallant Gentlemen of the Shire; who, riding before His Majesty, led the way towards Widdrington, where His Majesty intended to rest that night.
By the way, of his kingly goodness, and royal inclinations to the honour of arms and reverence of virtuous age, he vouchsafed to visit that worthy honourable soldier, Sir William Read: who, being blind with age, was so comforted with the presence and gracious speeches of the King, that his spirits seemed so powerful within him, as he boasted himself to feel the warmth of youth stir in his frost-nipt blood. The way His Majesty had to ride, being long, enforced him to stay with this good Knight the less while: but that little time was so comfortable that his friends hope it will be a mean to cherish the old Knight all his life long.
Not to be longer writing this than His Highness was riding the journey; he departed thence upon the spur, scarce any of his train being able to keep him company: for being near[ly] 37 miles, he rode it all in less than four hours. And, by the way, for a note, the miles, according to the Northern phrase, are a wey-bit longer than they be here in the South.
Well, as long as the miles were, His Majesty made short work, and attained [to] Widdrington [Castle]: where by the Master of the Place, Sir Robert Carey [Lord Warden of the Middle Marches. He was afterwards made Earl of Monmouth. See pages 476-484], and his right virtuous Lady, he was received with all due affection; the House being plentifully furnished for his entertainment. Besides for situation and pleasure it stands very delightful.
His Majesty, having a little while reposed himself after his great journey, found new occasion to travel further. For, as he was delighting himself with the pleasure of the Park, he suddenly beheld a number of deer near the place. The game being so fair before him, he could not forbear; but, according to his wonted manner, forth he went, and slew two of them.
Which done, he returned with a good appetite to the House, where he was most royally feasted and banqueted that night.
On Saturday the 9th April [1603], His Majesty prepared towards Newcastle-[on-Tyne]. But before his departure from Widdrington; he knighted Master Henry Widdrington, Master William Fenwick, Master Edward Gorges [all co. Northum.].
After which, taking his leave with royal courtesy, he set forwards towards Newcastle; being 16 miles from Widdrington.
To pass the occurrents by the way, being not very material; when His Majesty drew near to Newcastle, the Mayor, the Aldermen, Council, and best Commoners of the same besides numbers of other people, in joyful manner met him.
The Mayor presented him with the Sword and Keys with humble duty and submission: which His Highness graciously accepting, he returned them again. He gave also to His Majesty, in token of their love and hearty loyalty, a purse full of gold. His Majesty gave them full power and authority under him as they lately held in Her Majesty's name: ratifying all customs and privileges that they were possessed of, and had a long time held.
And so, passing on, he was conducted to the Mayor's house, where he was richly entertained; and remained there three days.
Upon Sunday, being the 10th April [1603], His Majesty went to the Church, before whom [Dr Toby Matthew] the Bishop of Durham preached. And that day, as it is his most Christianlike custom, being spent in devotion: he rested till Monday, which he bestowed in viewing the town, the manner and beauty of the bridge [over the Tyne] and key [quay]: being one of the fairest in all the north parts. Besides, he released all prisoners; except those that lay for treason, murder, and Papistry: giving great sums of money for the release of many that were imprisoned for debt; who heartily praised GOD, and blessed His Majesty, for their unexpected liberty.
So joyful were the townsmen of Newcastle of His Majesty there being, that they thankfully bare all the charge of his Household during the time of his abode with them, being from Saturday till Wednesday morning. All things were in such plenty and so delicate for variety that it gave great contentment to His Majesty; and on the townsmen's part, there was nothing but willingness appeared; save only at His Highness's departure, but [of that] there was no remedy. He hath yet many of his people by his presence to comfort: and forward no doubt he will; as he thence did, giving thanks to them for their loyal and hearty affection.
And on the bridge, before he came at Gateside; he made Master Robert Dudley [? Delavale, co. Northumb.], Mayor of Newcastle, Knight.
[John Philipot states that the following were also knighted at Newcastle on this 13th of April 1603:
| Sir Christopher Lowther, | co. Cumb. |
| Sir Nicholas Curwen, | co. Cumb. |
| Sir James Bellingham, | co. Westm. |
| Sir Nicholas Tufton, | co. Kent; afterwards Earl of Thanet. |
| Sir John Conyers, | co. York. |
This Wednesday, being the 13th of April [1603], His Majesty set forward towards Durham. And at Gateside, near Newcastle; he was met by the Sheriff of the County and most of the Gentlemen in the same.
In his way, near Chester a Street, a little town betwixt Newcastle and Durham, he turned on the left hand of the road to view [Lumley Castle,] a pleasant castle of the Lord Lumley's: which being a goodly edifice of free stone, built in quadrant manner, stands on the shoring of a hill, in the middle of a green, with a river at the foot of it; and woods about it on every side but to the townward, which is, by the river [Wear], divided from it.
After His Highness had a while delighted himself with the pleasures of the place; he returned on his way towards Durham, being 6 miles from thence. Of which way he seldom makes [a] long journey.
And when he came near; the Magistrates of the city met him; and behaving themselves as others before them, it was by His Highness as thankfully accepted. And passing through the gates, whence His Excellence entered the Market Place, there was an excellent oration made unto him, containing in effect the universal joy conceived by his subjects at his approach; being of power to divert from them so great a sorrow as had lately possessed them all.
The oration ended, he passed towards the Bishop's House; where he was royally received: [Dr. Toby Matthew] the Bishop attending His Majesty with a hundred Gentlemen in tawny liveries.
Of all his entertainment in particular at the Bishop's; [of] his [the King's] merry and well seasoned jests, as well there as in other parts of his journey; all his words being of full weight, and his jests filled with the salt of wit: yet so facetious and pleasant as they were no less gracious and worthy of regard than the words of so royal a Majesty—it is bootless to repeat them, they are so well known.
Thursday, being the 14th day [of April 1603], His Majesty took leave of the Bishop of Durham: whom he greatly graced and commended for his learning, humanity, and gravity: promising to restore divers things taken from the Bishopric; which he hath accordingly in part done, giving him already possession of Durham House in the Strand.
In brief, His Majesty left Durham, and removed towards [High] Walworth [also called Walworth Castle]; being 16 miles from Durham: where, by the Gentlewoman of the House, named Mistress Genison [or rather the Widow of Thomas Jenison], he was so bountifully entertained that it gave His Excellence very high contentment.
And after his quiet repose there that night, and some part of the next day; he took his leave of the Gentlewoman, with many thankful and princely congratulations for her extending costs in the entertainment of him and his train.
Friday, being the 15th of April [1603], His Majesty set forward from Mistress Genison's of Walworth, towards York. His train [was] still increasing by the numbers of Noblemen and Gentlemen from the south parts, that came to offer him fealty and to rejoice at his sight. Whose love, although he greatly tendered; yet did their multitudes so oppress the country and make provision so dear that he was fain to publish an Inhibition against the inordinate and daily access of people's coming, that many were stopped of their way; and only those that had affairs suffered to have access, some of great name and office being sent home, to attend their places.
All this notwithstanding; a number there were in His Highness's train; still increasing in every shire.
For now [Master Henry Bellassis] the High Sheriff of Yorkshire, gallantly accompanied, attended His Majesty to Master [William] Ingleby's [? at Baldersby Park] besides Topcliffe, being about 16 miles from Walworth; who with great submission received His Majesty: and there he rested for that night.
On Saturday, being the 16th of April [1603], His Majesty removed from Master Ingleby's towards York, being 16 miles from Topcliffe.
And when he came about some 3 miles from York, the Liberties of the City extending so far; Master Bucke and Master Robinson Sheriffs of the City met him; and, with humble duty, presented him with their White Staffs: which His Majesty receiving, he delivered them instantly again [to them]. So they attended him towards the City.
Within a mile of which, when His Highness approached, there met him [William Cecil] the Lord Burlegh, Lord President of the North, with many worthy Knights and Gentlemen of the shire. These also attended on his person to York.
Where, when he came near unto the City, there met him three of the Sergeants at Arms, late servants to the deceased Queen: viz., Master Wood, Master Damfort, and Master Westrop: who delivered up their maces; which His Majesty, with royal courtesy, redelivered to them; commanding them to wait on him in their old places, which presently they did.
And, at the same time, the Sergeant Trumpeter, with some others of his fellows, did in like manner submit themselves, and render their service; which he benignly accepted, and commanded them in like manner to wait on him.
Then rode he on till he came to one of the gates of York; where [Robert Walter] the Lord Mayor of the City, the Aldermen, and the wealthiest Commoners, with abundance of other people, met him.
There a long oration being made, the Lord Mayor delivered the Sword and Keys to His Majesty, together with a cup of gold, filled full of gold: which present His Majesty gratefully accepted; delivering the Keys again to the Lord Mayor.
But about the bearing of the Sword, there was some contention; the Lord President [of the North] taking it for his place, the Lord Mayor of the city esteeming it his.
But to decide the doubt, the King's Majesty merrily demanded If the Sword being his, they would not be pleased that he should have the disposing thereof.
Whereunto when they humbly answered, It was all in his pleasure; His Highness delivered the Sword to one that knew well how to use a sword, having been tried both at sea and on shore, [George Clifford] the thrice honoured Earl of Cumberland; who bare it before His Majesty, riding in great state from the gate to the Minster.
In which way, there was a conduit that, all the day long, ran white, and claret, wine; every man to drink as much as he listed.
From the Minster His Majesty went on foot to his own House, being the Manor of St Mary's; having all the way a rich canopy over his head, supported by four Knights: and being brought hither, he was honourable received by the Lord Burlegh; who gave cheerful entertainment to all the followers of His Majesty during the time of his continuance in York.
The 17th day [of April 1603], being Sunday, His Majesty passed towards York Minster; being one of the goodliest Minsters in all the land: England being as famous for churches as any one kingdom in Europe, if they were kept in reparations as that Minster is.
To this Minster, the King passed to hear the Sermon; and at the gate [i.e., of the Manor House] a coach was offered to His Highness. But he graciously answered, "I will have no coach. For the people are desirous to see a King, and so they shall: for they shall as well see his body as his face." So, to the great comfort of the people, he went on foot to the Church; and there heard the Sermon, which was preached by [Dr John Thornborough, Dean of York and also] the Bishop of Limerick: whose doctrine and method of teaching was highly by His Majesty commended. And what his judgment is, is as extant to us all of any understanding as the light of the clear mid-day, or sun, to every perfect eye.
The Sermon ended, His Majesty returned afoot, in the same sort as he came, to his Manor; where he was royally feasted.
This Sunday was a Seminary Priest apprended, who before, under the title [appearance] of a Gentleman had delivered a Petition to His Majesty, in the name of all the English Catholics. When he was taken, His Highness had some conference with him: but, by reason of other great affairs, he referred him to be further examined by the Bishop of Limerick; who, presenting the effects of his Examination, the Priest was, the next day committed.
Dinner being ended, His Majesty walked into the garden of the Palace; being a most delightful place: where there awaited him a number of Gentlemen of great name and worth; whose commendations he received from honourable persons, and beheld honour charactered in their faces. For this is one especial note in His Majesty. Any man that hath aught with him, let him be sure he have a just cause! for he beholds all men's faces with steadfastness, and commonly the look is the window for the heart.
Well, to that I should handle. Amongst these Gentlemen it pleased His Majesty to make choice of these following; whom he graced with the honour of Knighthood:
| Sir William Cecil | [Lord Burlegh]. |
| Sir Edmond Trafford | [co. Lanc.] |
| Sir Thomas Holcroft | [co. Lanc.] |
| Sir John Mallory | [co. York] |
| Sir William Ingleby | [co. York] |
| Sir Philip Constable | [co. Durh.] |
| Sir Christopher Haward | [co. York] |
| Sir Robert Swift | [co. York] |
| Sir Richard Wortley | [co. York] |
| Sir Henry Bellassis | [co. York] |
| Sir Thomas Fairfax | [co. York] |
| Sir Henry Griffith | [co. York] |
| Sir Francis Boynton | [co. York] |
| Sir Henry Cholmley | [co. York] |
| Sir Richard Gargrave | [co. York] |
| Sir Marmaduke Grimstone | [co. York] |
| Sir Lancelot Alford | [co. York] |
| Sir Ralph Illerker [or Eliker] | [co. York] |
| Sir George Frevile | [co. Durh.] |
| Sir Mauger Vavasor | [co. York] |
| Sir Ralph Babthorpe | [co. York] |
| Sir Richard Londer | ┌ not in J. Philipot's ┐ |
| Sir Walter Crape | └ List ┘ |
The same day, His Majesty caused five Gentlemen to be sworn his servants, which served Queen Elizabeth before time: whose names were Master Richard Connigsby, Master George Pollard, Ushers, Daily Waiters; Master Thomas Rolles and Master Hariffe, Gentlemen, Quarter Waiters; and Master Richard Read-head, Gentleman Sewer in Ordinary of His Majesty's Chamber.
This day likewise, the Mayor of Kingston upon Hull delivered to His Majesty a petition, which was also subscribed and justified by divers Aldermen of the said town, to be done in the behalf of all the poor inhabitants: who, with one voice, besought His Majesty that they might be relieved and succoured against the daily spoils done to them by those of Dunkirk, that had long molested them and others the English coastmen.
His Highness, as he is naturally inclined to much pity, so at that time he seemed to have great compassion of their wrongs and afflictions; which were not hidden from him, though they had been silent: but he comforted them with his princely and heroic reply, That he would defend them; and no Dunkirker should after dare to do any of his subjects wrong.
In which assurance they departed: and, no doubt, shall find the effect of his kingly promise.
I told you before, what bounty the Lord Burlegh used during the continuance of the King's Majesty in the Manor [of St Mary's at York]: but it was indeed exceeding all the rest in any place of England before. Butteries, Pantries, and Cellars [being] always held open in great abundance, for all comers.
Monday, being the 18th day [of April 1603], His Majesty was feasted by the Lord Mayor of York, whom he knighted by the name of Sir Robert Walter [co. York]: at whose house there was such plenty of all delicates [delicacies] as could be possibly devised.
After dinner, His Majesty, following the rule of mercy he had begun with, commanded all the prisoners to be set at liberty, except Papists and wilful murderers.
Which deed of charity effected, he left York, and rode to Grimstone [Hall], being a house of Sir Edward Stanhope's; where he lay that night, and dined the next day: His Majesty and all his train having their most bountiful entertainment; all the Offices in the house standing open for all comers, every man without check eating and drinking at pleasure.
Before His Majesty's departure from Grimstone, he knighted these Gentlemen:
| Sir Roger Aston | [co. Chest.] |
| Sir Thomas Aston | [co. Chest.] |
| Sir Thomas Holt | [co. Chest.] |
| Sir James Harington | [co. Rutl.] |
| Sir Charles Montague | [co. Northt.] |
| Sir Thomas Dawney | [co. York] |
| Sir William Bambrough | [co. York] |
| Sir Francis Lovell | [co. Norf.] |
| Sir Thomas Gerrard | [co. Lanc.] |
| Sir Robert Walter [Lord] Mayor of York | [co. York] |
| Sir Ralph Con[n]i[g]sby | [co. Hertf.] |
| Sir Richard Musgrave | [co. York] |
The 19th day [of April 1603] being Tuesday, His Majesty took his journey towards Doncaster. Where, by the way, he went to Pomfret [Pontefract], to see the Castle: which when he had at pleasure viewed; he took horse and rode to Doncaster where he lodged all night at the sign of the Bear in an Inn; giving the host of the house, for his good entertainment, a lease of a Manor House in a reversion, of good value.
The 20th day [of April 1603], being Wednesday, His Majesty rode towards Worsop [Manor], the noble [Gilbert Talbot] Earl of Shrewsbury's House: and at Batine [? Bawtry] the High Sheriff of Yorkshire took his leave of the King, and there Master [Roger] Askoth [or Ascough, or Ayscue] the High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire received him; being gallantly appointed both with horse and man.
And so he conducted His Majesty on, till he came within a mile of Blyth: where His Highness lighted, and sat down on a bankside to eat and drink.
After His Majesty's short repast, to Worsop His Majesty rides forward. But, by the way, in the Park he was somewhat stayed. For there appeared a number of Huntsmen, all in green; the chief of which, with a woodman's speech, did welcome him, offering His Majesty to shew him some game: which he gladly condescended [agreed] to see; and, with a train set, he hunted a good space, very much delighted.
At last he went into the House, where he was so nobly received, with superfluity of things, that still every entertainment seemed to exceed others. In this place, besides the abundance of all provision and delicacie, there was most excellent soul-ravishing music; wherewith His Highness was not a little delighted.
At Worsop, he rested on Wednesday night, and in the morning stayed breakfast. Which ended, there was such store of provision left, of fowl, of fish, and almost everything, besides bread beer and wine, that it was left open for any man that would, to come and take.
After breakfast, His Majesty prepared to remove: but before his departure he made these Gentlemen, Knights; whose names are following:
| Sir John Manners | [co. Derb.] |
| Sir Henry Grey | [co. Bedf.] |
| Sir Francis Newport | [co. Salop.] |
| Sir Henry Beaumont | [co. Leic.] |
| Sir Edward Loraine | [co. Derb.] |
| Sir Hugh Smith | [co. Som.] |
| Sir Edmond Lucy | [co. Warw.] |
| Sir Edmond Cokayn | [co. Derb.] |
| Sir John Harper | [co. Derb.] |
| Sir William Damcourt | [not in J. Philipot's List] |
| Sir Henry Perpoint | [not in J. Philipot's List] |
| Sir Thomas Greslay | [co. Notts] |
| Sir John Biron | [co. Notts] |
| Sir Percival Willoughby | [co. Linc.] |
| Sir Peter Freschvile | [co. Derb.] |
| Sir William Skipwith | [co. Leic.] |
| Sir Richard Thekeston | [co. York] |
| Sir Thomas Stanley | [co. Derb.] |
| Sir Walter Cope | [co. Oxon.] |
The 21st [day of April 1603], being Thursday, His Highness took his way towards Newark upon Trent; where, that night, he lodged in the Castle, being his own house: where the Aldermen of Newark presented His Majesty with a fair gilt cup, manifesting their duties and loving hearts to him: which was very kindly accepted.
In this town, and in the Court, was taken a cutpurse, doing the deed; and, being a base pilfering thief, yet was all Gentleman-like on the outside. This fellow had [a] good store of coin found about him: and, upon his examination, confessed that he had, from Berwick to that place, played the cutpurse in the Court. His fellow was ill missed, for no doubt he had a walking mate. They drew together like coach horses, and it is pity they did not go hang together. For His Majesty, hearing of this nimming gallant, directed a Warrant presently to the Recorder of Newark, to have him hanged: which was accordingly executed.
This bearing small comfort to all the rest of his pilfering faculty, that the first subject that suffered death in England, in the reign of King James, was a cutpurse: which fault, if they amend not, heaven suddenly send the rest [the same fate]!
The King, ere he went from Newark, as he had commanded this silken base thief, in justice, to be put to death; so, in his benign and gracious mercy, he gives life to all the other poor and wretched prisoners: clearing the Castle of them all.
This deed of charity done; before he left Newark [on the 22nd April], he made these Knights:
| Sir John Parker | [co. Suss.] |
| Sir Robert Brett | [co. Devon.] |
| Sir Lewis Lewkenor | [co. Suss.] |
| Sir Francis Ducket | [co. Salop.] |
| Sir Richard Mompesson | [co. Bucks.] |
| Sir Richard Warburton | [co. Chest.] |
| Sir Richard Wigmore | [co. Heref.] |
| Sir Edward Foxe | [co. Salop.] |
| [Sir William Davenport | co. Chest.] |
The 22nd day [of April 1603], being Friday, His Majesty departed from Newark, towards Belvoir Castle; hunting all the way as he rode: saving that, in the way, he made four Knights, [the first] one being the Sheriff of Nottinghamshire.
| Sir Roger Askoth | [co. Chest.] |
| [or Ascough, or Ayscue] | |
| Sir William Sutton | [co. Notts.] |
| Sir John Stanhope | [co. Derb.] |
| Sir Brian Lassels | [co. York] |
Sir Roger Askoth [or Ascough, or Ayscue], High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire, being knighted, took leave of His Majesty; and Master William Pelham, High Sheriff of Lincolnshire, received His Highness, being gallantly appointed both with horse and men; divers worshipful men of the same country [County] accompanying him: who convoyed and guarded His Majesty to Belvoir Castle, being the Right Noble [Roger Manners, the] Earl of Rutland's. Where His Highness was not only royally and most plentifully received: but with such exceeding joy of the good Earl and his honourable Lady, that he took therein exceeding pleasure.
And he approved his contentment in the morning [of the 23rd April 1603]; for, before he went to break his fast, he made these Knights whose names follow:
The 23rd day [of April], being Saturday, after the making of these Knights, and having refreshed himself at breakfast; His Majesty took kind leave of the Earl of Rutland, his Countess, and the rest: and set forward towards Burlegh.
And, by the way, he dined at Sir John Harington's [House? at Harington-Burley]; where that worthy Knight made him most royal entertainment.
After dinner, His Highness removed towards Burlegh, being near Stamford in Northamptonshire. His Majesty on the way was attended by many Lords and Knights. And, before his coming, there were provided train-cents and live hares in baskets [that] being carried to the Heath [? Empington Heath], made excellent sport for His Majesty. All the way between Sir John Harington's and Stamford, Sir John's best hounds with good mouths followed the game; the King taking great leisure and pleasure in the same.
Upon this Heath, not far from Stamford, there appeared to the number of a hundred high men, that seemed like the Patagones [Patagonians], huge long fellows of twelve or fourteen feet high, that are reported to live on the Main [mainland] of Brazil, near to the Straits of Magellan. The King, at the first sight, wondered what they were; for that they overlooked horse and man. But, when all came to all, they proved a company of poor honest suitors, all going upon high stilts, preferring a Petition against the Lady Hatton. What their request was, I know not: but His Majesty referred them till his coming to London; and so passed on from those giants of the Fens towards Stamford.
Within half a mile whereof, the Bailiffs and the rest of the chief townsmen of Stamford presented a gift unto His Majesty; which was graciously accepted. So rode he forward through the town, in great state, having the Sword borne before him; the people joyful on all parts to see him.
When His Highness came to Stamford Bridge; the Sheriff of Lincolnshire humbly took his leave, and departed greatly in the King's grace.
On the other part, the town standing in two Shires, stood ready [Master William Tate] the High Sheriff of Northamptonshire, bravely accompanied, and gallantly appointed with men and horse; who received his Majesty, and attended him to Burlegh: where His Highness with all his train were received with great magnificence; the House seeming so rich as if it had been furnished at the charges of an Emperor. Well, it was all too little, His Majesty being worthy [of] much more; being now the greatest Christian monarch, of himself as absolute.
The next day [24th April 1603], being Easter Day, there preached before His Highness, [Dr William Chaderton] the Bishop of Lincoln; and the Sermon was no sooner done, but all [the] Offices in the house were set open, that every man might have free access to Butteries, Pantries; [and] Kitchens; to eat and drink in at their pleasures.
The next day, being Monday the 25th of April [1603], His Highness rode back again to Sir John Harington's [House at Harington-Burley]; and by the way his horse fell with him, and [he] very dangerously bruised his arm; to the great amazement and grief of all them that were about His Majesty at that time. But he, being of an invincible courage, and his blood yet hot, made light of it at the first: and being mounted again, rode to Sir John Harington's; where he continued that night.
And, on Tuesday morning, the pain received by his fall was so great that he was not able to ride on horseback; but he turned from Sir John Harington's, to take a coach: wherein His Highness returned to Burlegh, where he was royally entertained as before; but not with half that joy, the report of His Majesty's hurt had disturbed all the Court so much.
The next day, being Wednesday the 27th day of April [1603], His Majesty removed from Burlegh towards Master Oliver Cromwell's.
And, in the way, he dined at that worthy and worshipful Knight's, Sir Anthony Mildmay's [at Apethorpe]; where nothing wanted in a subject's duty to his Sovereign, nor anything in so potent a Sovereign to grace so loyal a subject. Dinner being most sumptuously furnished, the tables were newly covered with costly Banquets [Dessert]: wherein everything that was most delicious for taste proved [the] more delicate by the art that made it seem beauteous to the eye: the Lady of the House being one of the most excellent Confectioners in England; though I confess many honourable women [to be] very expert.
Dinner and Banquet [Dessert] being past, and His Majesty at point to depart; Sir Anthony, considering how His Majesty vouchsafed to honour him with his royal presence, presented His Highness with a gallant Barbary horse, and a very rich saddle with furniture suitable thereto: which His Majesty most lovingly and thankfully accepted: and so, taking his princely leave, set forward on the way.
In this remove towards Master Oliver Cromwell's did the people flock in greater numbers than in any place northward. Though many before pressed to see their Sovereign, yet here the numbers multiplied.
This day, as His Majesty passed through a great common (which, as the people thereabout complain, Sir I. Spenser [John Spencer] of London hath very uncharitably molested [enclosed]), most of the country [district] joined together, beseeching His Majesty that the common might be laid open again for the comfort of the poor inhabiters thereabouts: which His Highness most graciously promised should be performed, according to their hearts' desire.
And so, with many benedictions of the comforted people, he passed on till he came within half a mile of Master Oliver Cromwell's [at Hinchinbrook Priory]; where met him the Bailiff of Huntingdon, who made a long oration to His Majesty, and there delivered him the Sword, which His Highness gave to the new[ly] released [Henry Wriothsley] Earl of Southampton [the Patron of Shakespeare] to bear before him.
O admirable work of mercy! confirming the hearts of all true subjects in the good opinion of His Majesty's royal compassion: not alone to deliver from the captivity such high Nobility, but to use vulgarly with great favours not only him, but also the children of his late honourable fellow in distress [i.e. of Robert Devereux Earl of Essex]. Well, GOD have glory, that can send friends, in the hour he best pleaseth, to help them that trust in him.
But to the matter. His Majesty passed, in state, the Earl of Southampton bearing the Sword before him, as I before said he was appointed, to Master Oliver Cromwell's house: where His Majesty and all his followers, with all comers whatsoever, had such entertainment, as the like had not been seen in any place before, since his first setting forward out of Scotland.
There was such plenty and variety of meats: such diversity of wines, and those not riffe ruffe but ever the best of the kind; and the cellars open at any man's pleasure. And if it were so common with wine, there is little question but the Butteries for beer and ale were more common; yet in neither was there difference. For whoever entered the house, which to no man was denied, tasted what they had a mind to: and after a taste, found fullness: no man, like a man, being denied what he would call for.
As this bounty was held back to none within the house; so for such poor people as would not press in, there were many open beer-houses erected: where there was no want of beef and bread for the comfort of the poorest creatures. Neither was this provision for the little time of His Majesty's stay; but it was made ready [for] fourteen days: and, after His Highness's departure, distributed to as many as had [a] mind to it.
There attended also at Master Oliver Cromwell's, the Heads of the University of Cambridge, all clad in scarlet gowns and corner-caps: who, having presence of His Majesty, there was made a most learned and eloquent Oration in Latin, welcoming His Majesty, as also intreating the confirmation of their Charter and privileges: which His Majesty most willingly and free granted. They also presented His Majesty with divers books published in commendation of our late gracious Queen: all which was most graciously accepted of His Highness.
Also Master Cromwell presented His Majesty with many rich and acceptable gifts: as a very great and a very fair wrought Standing Cup of gold, goodly horses, float [? fleet] and deep-mouthed hounds, divers hawks of excellent wing. And at the remove, [he] gave £50 [= £200 now] amongst His Majesty's Officers.
Upon the 29th day [of April 1603], being Friday, after His Highness had broke his fast; he took kind and gracious leave of Master Oliver Cromwell [18] and his virtuous Lady, late widow to that noble and opulent Knight, Signor Horatio Paulo Vicino.
Thence, with many regal thanks for his entertainment, he departed to Royston.
And as he passed through Godmanchester, a town close by Huntingdon, the Bailiffs of the town with their Brethren met him; and acknowledged their allegiance. There, convoying him through their town, they presented him with threescore and ten team of horse all traced to fair new ploughs; in shew of their husbandry.
Which, while His Majesty, being very well delighted with the sight, demanded, Why they offered him so many horses and ploughs? he was resolved [answered], That it was their ancient custom whensoever any King of England passed through their town, so to present His Excellence. Besides, they added, that they held their lands by that tenure; being the King's tenants.
His Majesty not only took well in worth their good minds; but bade them use well their ploughs: being glad he was landlord of so many good husbandmen in one town.
I trust His Highness, when he knows well the wrong, will take order for those, as Her Majesty began, that turn ploughland into pasturage: and where many good husbandmen dwelt there is now nothing left but a great house without [a] fire: the Lord commonly at sojourn near London; and for the husbandmen and ploughs, he only maintains a shepherd and his dog. But what do I talking of sheep! when I am to follow the gests of a King. I will leave them and their wolfish Lords, that have eaten up poor husbandmen like sheep: and proceed where I left [off].
His Majesty, being past Godmanchester, held on his way to Royston; and drawing near the town, the Sheriff of Huntingdonshire humbly took his leave. And there he was received by that worthy Knight, Sir Edward Denny, High Sheriff of Hertfordshire, attended upon by a goodly company of proper men, being in number seven score, suitably apparelled. Their liveries [were] blue coats, with sleeves parted in the midst, buttoned behind in jerkin fashion; and white doublets: and hats and feathers: and all of them mounted on horses with red saddles.
Sir Edward, after his humble duty done, presented His Majesty with a gallant horse, a rich saddle, and furniture correspondent to the same; being of great value: which His Majesty accepted very graciously, and caused him to ride on the same before him. This worthy Knight, being of a deliver spirit and agile body, quickly mounted, managing the gallant beast with neat and eiduing workmanship [? eye-doing horsemanship]: being in a rich suit of a yellow dun colour; somewhat near the colour of the horse, and the furniture.
And thus, in brave manner, he conducted His Majesty to one Master Chester's house [at Cockenhatch]: where His Highness lay that night, at his own kingly charge.
The 30th day [of April 1603], being Saturday, His Majesty took his journey towards Standon, to Sir Thomas Sadler's: and, by the way, [Dr Richard Bancroft] the Bishop of London met him; attended on by a seemly company of Gentlemen in tawny coats and chains of gold.
At Sir Thomas Sadler's, His Majesty was royally entertained, for himself and his kingly train: nothing being wanting the best desired, nor the meanest could demand.
There His Majesty stayed [on] Sunday: before whom the Bishop of London preached.
His Majesty, now drawing near to London, the numbers of people more and more increased, as well of Nobility, Gentry, Citizens, country people, and all; as well of degree as of no degree. So great a desire had the Noble that they pressed with the ignoble to see their Sovereign: this being the difference of their desires, that the better sort, either in blood or of conceit, came to observe and serve; the other to see and wonder.
The 1st of May [1603], being Monday, His Majesty removed to Sir Henry Cock's [at Broxburn Bury], being 9 miles from Sir Thomas Sadler's: where provision for His Majesty and his royal train was so abundant that there was no man of what condition soever, but had what his appetite desired. For His Majesty's private and most to be respected entertainment: it was such as ministered His Highness great contentment.
Continuing there but one night, and departing the next day; [he] honoured the good Knight for his greater expenses.
The 3rd of May [1603], being Tuesday, His Majesty took his journey towards Theobalds, a house belonging to Sir Robert Cecil, and about 4 miles distant from Sir Henry Cock's: where met him [Sir Thomas Egerton, afterwards Lord Ellesmere,] the Lord Keeper [of the Great Seal], [Thomas Sackville, Earl of Dorset,] the Lord Treasurer, [Charles Howard, Earl of Nottingham,] the Lord Admiral, with most of the Nobility of the land and [the] Council of Estate; who were graciously received.
At which time, the Lord Keeper made a most grave, learned, brief, and pithy oration to His Majesty: to which His Highness answered with great grace and princely wisdom.
At this house there met His Majesty all, or the most part, of the old servants and Officers in [the] Household of our late royal Mistress, Queen Elizabeth; and with them, the Guard of His Majesty's Body: all of them being courteously received to their own content.
Also in this house of Theobalds, His Majesty made divers Noblemen of Scotland, of his Honourable Privy Council [of England], viz:
[Lodowick Stuart,] the Duke of Lenox.
[John Erskine,] the Earl of Mar.
[Alexander Home,] the Lord Home.
Sir George Home [, afterwards Earl of Dunbar], Treasurer of Scotland.
Sir James Elphinston [, afterwards Lord Balmerinoch], Secretary to the King.
[Edward Bruce,] the Lord of Kinloss, now Master of His Majesty's Rolls. [He received that
appointment on 18th May 1603.]
Also of the English Nobility, he made these of his secret and Honourable [Privy] Council;
The Lord Henry Howard [, afterwards Earl of Northampton].
The Lord Thomas Howard [, afterwards Earl of Suffolk]: who was also made there,
Lord Chamberlain.
[Charles Blount,] the Lord Mountjoy [, afterwards Earl of Devonshire].
His Majesty stayed at Theobalds four days [3rd-6th May 1603]; where to speak of Sir Robert's cost to entertain him were but to imitate geographers that set a little o for a mighty Province: words being hardly able to express what was done there indeed, considering the multitude that thither resorted, besides the train; none going hence unsatisfied. [See Vol. V., pp. 623-656].
At Theobalds, His Majesty made these Knights [on 7th May]:
The 7th of May [1603], being Saturday, His Majesty removed from Theobalds, towards London, riding through the meadows: where, within two miles on this side of Waltham, Sir Henry Denny discharged his followers.
And there, Master Swinnerton, one of the Sheriffs of London, accompanied with the Sheriff of Middlesex, met his Majesty, with sixty men in livery cloaks; where an eloquent and learned oration was made to His Highness.
Besides these men in livery cloaks that attended the Sheriff, all well mounted on gallant horses; most of the Sheriff's Officers attended him: who conducted His Majesty [to] within two miles of London.
And at Stamford Hill [Master Robert Lee] the Lord Mayor of London presented him with the Sword and Keys of the City: with whom were the Knights and Aldermen in scarlet gowns and great chains of gold about their necks, with the Chief Officers and Council of the City. Besides 500 citizens, all very well mounted, clad in velvet coats and chains of gold; with the chief Gentlemen of the Hundreds: who made a gallant shew to entertain their Sovereign.
There also met his Majesty, all his Officers of Estate, as Serjeants at Arms with their rich maces; the Heralds with their Coats of Arms, and Trumpeters: every one in their order and due place.
The Duke of Lenox bore the Sword of Honour before His Majesty: and so His Highness passed on in royal and imperial manner.
At this time, that honourable old Knight Sir Henry Leigh met with His Majesty, being attended by sixty gallant men well mounted on fair horses, thirty of them being great horses: many of his men having chains of gold; the rest wearing yellow scarfs embroidered with these words, Constantia et fide. To this old Knight, His Majesty spake very lovingly: and so paced through his troops very well pleased.
The multitudes of people in high ways, fields, meadows, closes, and on trees, were such that they covered the beauty of the fields; and so greedy were they to behold the countenance of the King that, with much unruliness, they injured and hurt one another. Some even hazarded to the danger of death. But as uncivil as they were among themselves; all the way, as His Majesty past [they welcomed him] with shouts, and cries, and casting up of hats (of which many never returned into the owners' hands).
He passed by them, over the fields; and came in at the back side of the Charterhouse.
Thither being come, he was most royal received and entertained by the Lord Thomas Howard. Where was such abundance of provision of all manner of things that greater could not be; both of rare wild fowls, and many rare and extraordinary banquets; to the great liking of His Majesty, and contentment of the whole train.
He lay there four nights [7th to 10th May 1603]: in which time the Lords of the Council often resorted thither, and sat upon their serious affairs.
At his departure [11th May 1603], he made divers Knights, whose names are these:
Upon Wednesday, the 11th of May 1603, His Majesty set forward from the Charterhouse, to the Tower of London; in going quietly on horseback to Whitehall, where he took [his] barge.
Having shot the Bridge [London Bridge], his present landing was expected at [the] Tower Stairs. But it pleased His Highness to pass the Tower Stairs, towards St. Katharine's: and there stayed on the water to see the ordnance on the White Tower, commonly called Julius Cæsar's Tower, being in number 20 pieces; [together] with the great ordnance on Tower Wharf, being in number 100; and chambers to the number of 130, discharged off. Of which all services were so sufficiently performed by the Gunners, that a peal of so good order was never heard before: which was most commendable to all sorts, and very acceptable to the King.
Then his royal person arrived at his own Stairs, so called the King's Stairs; and with him these Nobles, besides other gallant Gentlemen of worthy note, viz:
[Charles Howard, the Earl of Nottingham,] the Lord Admiral,
[Henry Percy,] the Earl of Northumberland,
[Edward Somerset,] the Earl of Worcester, Lord Thomas Howard, &c.
At his coming up the Stairs, the Sword was presented to His Majesty by Sir Thomas Coni[g]sby, Gentleman Usher of his Privy Chamber; and by the King delivered to the Duke of Lenox: who bare it before him into the Tower.
Upon the Stairs, the Gentleman Porter delivered the Keys of the Tower to [Sir John Peyton] the Lieutenant of the Tower; and the Lieutenant presented them accordingly to the King's Majesty: who most graciously acknowledged the most faithful discharge of the loyal and most great trust put in him; so, taking him about the neck, [he] redelivered them again.
After his repose in the Tower some [i.e. about an] hour; it was His Majesty's pleasure to see some [of the] Offices: as the Armory, the Wardrobe, the rich Artillery, and the Church. And after, for recreation, he walked in the garden: and so rested for that night.
The next day, being Thursday and the 12th of May [1603] he saw the Ordnance House; and after that, the Mint Houses; and, last of all, the lions.
The next day, being Friday the 13th of May [1603], he made these Lords and Knights following, viz:
In his Presence Chamber, before dinner.
| [Sir Robert Cecil,] Lord Essendon | [, co. Rutl.: afterwards Earl of Salisbury]. |
| [Sir Robert Sydney,] Lord Sydney of Penshurst | [, co. Kent: afterwards Earl of Leicester]. |
| [Sir William Knollys,] Lord Knollys of Grays | [, co. Oxon.: afterwards Earl of Banbury]. |
| [Sir Edward Wotton,] Lord Wotton of Mar[her]ley | [, co. Kent]. |
| Sir John Deane | [co. Essex] |
| Sir John Treavor | [co. Flint] |
| Sir Thomas Smith | [co. Kent] |
| Sir Thomas Hubert | [co. Norf.] |
| And [in the] afternoon, in the Gallery. | |
| Sir William Dethick, Garter [King at Arms | co. Surr.] |
| Sir Robert Macklarand | [co. Oxon.] |
| Sir George Morton | [co. Dors.] |
| Sir Edmund Bell | [co. Norf.] |
| Sir Thomas Peyton | [co. Kent] |
| Sir David Fowles | |
| Sir William Gardner | [co. Surr.] |
Footnotes
[17] As recorded in this Narrative, James I. made 303 Knights during his Progress to London; and, in all, 2323 during his reign in England. The spelling of their names is given here according to J. P. [John Philipot], Somerset Herald, his A perfect Collection of all Knight Bachelors made by King James, &c. London. 1660. 8vo. From which authority also, their Counties are here inserted between square brackets. Names in Philipot, and not in this text, are also inserted in square brackets.
E. A.
[18] Sir Oliver Cromwell was uncle of his great namesake.
E. A.
Michael Drayton.
Odes.
[1606, and 1619.]
The following twelve Odes made their first appearance in an undated Volume of Poems Lyrical and Pastoral: but its date is fixed, as being in 1606, mainly by the 11th Ode on The Virginian Voyage.
As will be seen from pages 358-359 of the Second Volume of this Series; James I., on 10th April 1606, divided Virginia into two Colonies. The Southern (34° to 41° N.), or First, Colony, he granted to the London Company: and the Northern (38° to 45° N.), or Second, Colony, to the Plymouth Company.
This 11th Ode must therefore have been written somewhat before 12th August 1606; as, on that day, the Plymouth Company sent off, for North Virginia, Captain Henry Challon's ship: which was however taken by the Spanish Plate Fleet, and its crew brought prisoners into Spain.
Of these twelve Odes; Nos. 4 and 8 were not reprinted in the Second Edition of 1619. The text of the other ten is largely that of that later edition, which was carefully revised by Drayton; who, amongst other changes, added in it those Headings which are here inserted between square brackets.
To the Reader.
ODes I have called these, the first of my few Poems; which how happy soever they prove, yet Criticism itself cannot say, That the name is wrongfully usurped. For (not to begin with Definitions, against the Rule of Oratory; nor ab ovo, against the Prescript of Poetry in a poetical argument: but somewhat only to season thy palate with a slight description) an Ode is known to have been properly a Song moduled to the ancient harp: and neither too short-breathed, as hastening to the end; nor composed of [the] longest verses, as unfit for the sudden turns and lofty tricks with which Apollo used to manage it.
They are, as the Learned say, divers:
Some transcendently lofty; and far more high than the Epic, commonly called the Heroic, Poem—witness those of the inimitable Pindarus consecrated to the glory and renown of such as returned in triumph from [the Games at] Olympus, Elis, Isthmus, or the like.
Others, among the Greeks, are amorous, soft, and made for chambers; as others for theatres: as were Anacreon's, the very delicacies of the Grecian Erato; which Muse seemed to have been the Minion of that Teian old man, which composed them.
Of a mixed kind were Horace's. And [we] may truly therefore call these mixed; whatsoever else are mine: little partaking of the high dialect of the first
Though we be all to seek
Of Pindar, that great Greek, [p. [531]]
nor altogether of Anacreon; the Arguments being amorous, moral, or what else the Muse pleaseth.
To write much in this kind neither know I how it will relish: nor, in so doing, can I but injuriously presuppose ignorance or sloth in thee; or draw censure upon myself for sinning against the decorum of a Preface, by reading a Lecture, where it is enough to sum the points. New they are, and the work of Playing Hours: but what other commendation is theirs, and whether inherent in the subject, must be thine to judge.
But to act the Go-Between of my Poems and thy applause, is neither my modesty nor confidence: that, oftener than once, have acknowledged thee, kind; and do not doubt hereafter to do somewhat in which I shall not fear thee, just. And would, at this time, also gladly let thee understand what I think, above the rest, of the last Ode of the number; or, if thou wilt, Ballad in my book. For both the great Master of Italian rymes Petrarch, and our Chaucer, and others of the Upper House of the Muses, have thought their Canzons honoured in the title of a Ballad: which for that I labour to meet truly therein with the old English garb, I hope as ably to justify as the learned Colin Clout his Roundelay.
Thus requesting thee, in thy better judgment, to correct such faults as have escaped in the printing; I bid thee farewell.
[M. Drayton.]
ODES.
[1606.]
ODE 1.
To Himself, and the Harp.
ANd why not I, as he That's greatest, if as free, (In sundry strains that strive, Since there so many be), Th' old Lyric kind revive?
I will, yea; and I may: Who shall oppose my way? For what is he alone, That of himself can say, He's Heir of Helicon.
Apollo and the Nine Forbid no man their shrine, That cometh with hands pure; Else, they be so divine, They will not him endure.
For they be such coy things; That they care not for Kings, And dare let them know it: Nor may he touch their Springs That is not born a Poet.
Pyrenæus, King of Phocis attempting to ravish the Muses. The Phocean it did prove, Whom when foul lust did move Those Maids, unchaste to make; Fell as with them he strove, His neck and justly brake.
That instrument ne'er heard, Struck by the skilful Bard, It strongly to awake; But it th' infernals scared, And made Olympus quake.
1 Samuel xvi. As those prophetic strings, Whose sounds with fiery wings Drave fiends from their abode; Touched by the best of Kings, That sang the holy Ode.
Orpheus the Thracian Poet. Caput, Hebre, lyramque excipis, &c. Ovid. Metam. xi. So his, which women slew: And it int' Hebrus threw; Such sounds yet forth it sent, The banks to weep that drew, As down the stream it went.
Mercury, inventor of the harp, as Horace. Ode 10, Lib. I., curvæque lyræ parentem. That by the tortoise shell, To Maya's son it fell, The most thereof not doubt: But sure some Power did dwell In him who found it out.
Thebes feigned to have been raised by music. The wildest of the field, And air, with rivers t' yield, Which moved; that sturdy glebes, And mossy oaks could wield, To raise the piles of Thebes.
And diversely though strung, So anciently We sung To it; that now scarce known, If first it did belong To Greece, or if our own.
The ancient British Priests, so called of their abode in woods. The Druids embrued With gore, on altars rude With sacrifices crowned, In hollow woods bedewed, Adored the trembling sound.
Pindar, Prince of the Greek Lyrics, of whom Horace, PINDARUM quisquis studet, &c. Ode 2, Lib. IV. Though we be all to seek Of Pindar, that great Greek, To finger it aright; The soul with power to strike: His hand retained such might.
Horace, first of the Romans in that kind. Or him that Rome did grace, Whose Airs we all embrace: That scarcely found his peer; Nor giveth Phœbus place, For strokes divinely clear.
The Irish Harp. The Irish I admire, And still cleave to that Lyre As our Music's mother: And think, till I expire, Apollo's such another.
As Britons that so long Have held this antique Song; And let all our carpers Forbear their fame to wrong: Th'are right skilful harpers.
Soowthern, an English Lyric. [His PANDORA was published in 1584.] Soowthern, I long thee spare; Yet wish thee well to fare, Who me pleasedst greatly: As first, therefore more rare, Handling thy harp neatly.
To those that with despite Shall term these Numbers slight; Tell them, Their judgment's blind! Much erring from the right. It is a noble kind.
An Old English Rhymer. Nor is't the Verse doth make, That giveth, or doth take: 'Tis possible to climb, To kindle, or to slake; Although in Skelton's rhyme.
ODE 2.
To the New Year.
RIch statue double faced! With marble temples graced, To raise thy godhead higher; In flames where, altars shining. Before thy Priests divining, Do od'rous fumes expire.
Great Janus, I thy pleasure, With all the Thespian treasure, Do seriously pursue: To th' passed year returning, As though the Old adjourning; Yet bringing in the New.
Thy ancient Vigils yearly, I have observèd clearly; Thy Feasts yet smoking be! Since all thy store abroad is; Give something to my goddess, As hath been used by thee!
Give her th' Eoan Brightness! Winged with that subtle lightness That doth transpierce the air; The Roses of the Morning! The rising heaven adorning, To mesh with flames of hair;
Those ceaseless Sounds, above all, Made by those orbs that move all; And ever swelling there: Wrapped up in Numbers flowing, Them actually bestowing For jewels at her ear.
O rapture great and holy, Do thou transport me wholly So well her form to vary! That I aloft may bear her Where as I will insphere her In regions high and starry.
And in my choice Composures, The soft and easy Closures So amorously shall meet, That every lively Ceasure Shall tread a perfect measure, Set on so equal feet.
That spray to fame so fert'le, The lover-crowning myrtle, In wreaths of mixèd boughs; Within whose shades are dwelling Those beauties most excelling, Enthroned upon her brows.
Those parallels so even, Drawn on the face of heaven, That curious Art supposes; Direct those gems, whose clearness Far off amaze by nearness, Each globe such fire encloses.
Her bosom full of blisses, By Nature made for kisses; So pure and wondrous clear: Where as a thousand Graces Behold their lovely faces, As they are bathing there.
O thou self-little Blindness! The kindness of unkindness, Yet one of those Divine: Thy Brands to me were lever, Thy Fascia, and thy Quiver, And thou this Quill of mine.
This heart so freshly bleeding, Upon its own self feeding; Whose wounds still dropping be: O Love, thyself confounding, Her coldness so abounding, And yet such heat in me.
Yet, if I be inspirèd, I'll leave thee so admirèd To all that shall succeed; That were they more than many, 'Mongst all there is not any That Time so oft shall read.
Nor adamant ingravèd, That hath been choicely savèd, Idea's name outwears: So large a dower as this is; The greatest often misses, The diadem that bears.
ODE 3.
[To Cupid.]
MAidens, why spare ye? Or whether not dare ye Correct the blind Shooter?' "Because wanton Venus, So oft that doth pain us, Is her son's tutor.
"Now in the Spring, He proveth his wing; The field is his Bower: And as the small bee, About flyeth he, From flower to flower.
"And wantonly roves Abroad in the groves, And in the air hovers; Which when it him deweth, His feathers he meweth In sighs of true Lovers.
"And since doomed by Fate (That well knew his hate) That he should be blind; For very despite, Our eyes be his White: So wayward his kind!
"If his shafts losing (Ill his mark choosing) Or his bow broken; The moan Venus maketh, And care that she taketh, Cannot be spoken.
"To Vulcan commending Her love; and straight sending Her doves and her sparrows, With kisses, unto him: And all but to woo him To make her son arrows.
"Telling what he hath done; Saith she, 'Right mine own son!' In her arms she him closes. Sweets on him fans, Laid in down of her swans; His sheets, leaves of roses.
"And feeds him with kisses; Which oft when he misses, He ever is froward. The mother's o'erjoying Makes, by much coying, The child so untoward."
Yet in a fine net, That a spider set, The Maidens had caught him. Had she not been near him, And chancèd to hear him; More good they had taught him!
To my worthy friend Master John Savage
of the Inner Temple.
ODE 4.
UPon this sinful earth, If Man can happy be, And higher than his birth, Friend, take him thus of me:
Whom promise not deceives, That he the breach should rue; Nor constant reason leaves Opinion to pursue.
To raise his mean estate, That soothes no Wanton's sin: Doth that preferment hate, That virtue doth not win.
Nor bravery doth admire: Nor doth more love profess To that he doth desire, Than that he doth possess.
Loose humour nor to please, That neither spares nor spends; But by discretion weighs What is to needful ends.
To him deserving not, Not yielding: nor doth hold What is not his: doing what He ought, not what he could.
Whom the base tyrants' will So much could never awe As him, for good or ill, From honesty to draw.
Whose constancy doth rise 'Bove undeservèd spite; Whose valuers to despise That most doth him delight.
That early leave doth take Of th' World, though to his pain, For Virtue's only sake; And not till need constrain.
No man can be so free, Though in imperial seat; Nor eminent: as he That deemeth nothing great.
ODE 5.
[An Amouret Anacreontic.]
MOst good! most fair! Or thing as rare! To call you 's lost; For all the cost Words can bestow So poorly show Upon your praise, That all the ways Sense hath, come short. Whereby Report Falls them under: That when Wonder More hath seized; Yet not pleased That it, in kind, Nothing can find, You to express. Nevertheless As by globes small This mighty ALL Is shewed, though far From life; each star A World being: So we seeing You, like as that, Only trust what Art doth us teach. And when I reach At Moral Things, And that my strings Gravely should strike; Straight some mislike Blotteth mine Ode; As, with the Load, The Steel we touch: Forced ne'er so much; Yet still removes To that it loves, Till there it stays. So to your praise I turn ever: And though never From you moving; Happy so loving.
ODE 6.
[Love's Conquest.]
WEr't granted me to choose, How I would end my days, Since I this life must lose; It should be in your praise: For there are no Bays Can be set above You.
S'impossibly I love You; And for You sit so high (Whence none may remove You) In my clear Poesy, That I oft deny You so ample merit.
The freedom of my spirit Maintaining, still, my cause; Your sex not to inherit, Urging the Salic Laws: But your virtue draws From me every due.
Thus still You me pursue, That nowhere I can dwell; By fear made just to You, Who naturally rebel; Of You that excel That should I still endite.
Yet will You want some rite. That lost in your high praise, I wander to and fro; As seeing sundry ways: Yet which the right not know To get out of this Maze.
ODE 7.
[An Ode written in the Peak.]
THis while we are abroad, Shall we not touch our Lyre? Shall we not sing an Ode? Shall that holy fire, In us that strongly glowed, In this cold air expire?
Long since the Summer laid Her lusty bravery down; The Autumn half is weighed, And Boreas 'gins to frown: Since now I did behold Great Brute's first builded town.
Though in the utmost Peak, A while we do remain: Amongst the mountains bleak, Exposed to sleet and rain: No sport our hours shall break, To exercise our vein.
What though bright Phœbus' beams Refresh the southern ground: And though the princely Thames With beauteous Nymphs abound; And by old Camber's streams Be many wonders found:
Yet many rivers clear Here glide in silver swathes; And what of all most dear, Buxton's delicious baths, Strong ale, and noble cheer, T'assuage breem Winter's scathes.
Those grim and horrid caves, Whose looks affright the day; Wherein nice Nature saves What she would not bewray: Our better leisure craves, And doth invite our Lay.
In places far, or near, Or famous, or obscure; Where wholesome is the air, Or where the most impure; All times, and everywhere, The Muse is still in ure.
ODE 8.
SIng we the Rose! Than which no flower there grows Is sweeter; And aptly her compare With what in that is rare: A parallel none meeter.
Or made posies, Of this that encloses Such blisses: That naturally flusheth, As she blusheth When she is robbed of kisses.
Or if strewed, When with the morning dewed; Or stilling; Or how to sense exposed: All which in her enclosed, Each place with sweetness filling.
That most renowned By Nature richly crowned With yellow; Of that delicious lair: And as pure her hair, Unto the same the fellow.
Fearing of harm; Nature that flower doth arm From danger: The touch gives her offence, But with reverence Unto herself, a stranger.
The red, or white, Or mixed, the sense delight, Beholding, In her complexion: All which perfection, Such harmony infolding,
That divided, Ere it was decided Which most pure, Began the grievous War Of York and Lancaster, That did many years endure.
Conflicts as great As were in all that heat, I sustain: By her, as many hearts As men on either parts. That with her eyes hath slain.
The Primrose flower. The first of Flora's bower Is placed: So is She first, as best: Though excellent the rest; All gracing, by none graced.
ODE 9.
[A Skeltoniad.]
THe Muse should be sprightly; Yet not handling lightly Things grave: as much loath Things that be slight, to cloathe Curiously. To retain The Comeliness in mean Is true Knowledge and Wit. Nor me forced rage doth fit, That I thereto should lack Tobacco, or need Sack; Which to the colder brain Is the true Hippocrene. Nor did I ever care For Great Fools, nor them spare. Virtue, though neglected, Is not so dejected As vilely to descend To low baseness, their end: Neither each rhyming slave Deserves the name to have Of Poet. So, the rabble Of Fools, for the table, That have their jests by heart, As an Actor his part, Might assume them chairs Amongst the Muses' heirs. Parnassus is not clomb By every such Mome: Up whose steep side who swerves, It behoves t' have strong nerves. My resolution such How well, and not how much, To write. Thus do I fare Like some few good, that care (The evil sort among) How well to live, and not how long.
ODE 10.
[His Defence against the idle Critic.]
THe Ryme nor mars, nor makes; Nor addeth it, nor takes, From that which we propose: Things imaginary Do so strangely vary That quickly we them lose.
And what's quickly begot, As soon again is not; This do I truly know. Yea, and what's born with pain; That, Sense doth long'st retain, Gone with a greater flow.
Yet this Critic so stern, (But whom, none must discern Nor perfectly have seeing) Strangely lays about him, As nothing without him Were worthy of being.
That I myself betray To that most public way; Where the World's old bawd Custom, that doth humour, And by idle rumour, Her dotages applaud.
That whilst she still prefers Those that be wholly hers, Madness and Ignorance; I creep behind the Time, From spertling with their crime; And glad too with my chance.
O wretched World the while, When the evil most vile Beareth the fairest face; And inconstant lightness, With a scornful slightness, The best things doth disgrace!
Whilst this strange knowing beast, Man; of himself the least, His envy declaring, Makes Virtue to descend, Her title to defend Against him; much preparing.
Yet these me not delude, Nor from my place extrude, By their resolvèd hate; Their vileness that do know: Which to myself I show, To keep above my fate.
ODE 11.
To the Virginian Voyage.
YOu brave heroic minds, Worthy your country's name, That Honour still pursue; Go and subdue! Whilst loitering hinds Lurk here at home with shame.
Britans, you stay too long; Quickly aboard bestow you! And with a merry gale Swell your stretched sail! With vows as strong As the winds that blow you.
Your course securely steer, West-and-by-South forth keep! Rocks, Lee-shores, nor Shoals, When Eolus scowls, You need not fear! So absolute the deep.
And cheerfully at sea, Success you still entice, To get the pearl and gold; And ours to hold, Virginia, Earth's only Paradise.
Where Nature hath in store Fowl, venison, and fish: And the fruitful soil; Without your toil, Three harvests more, All greater than your wish.
And the ambitious vine Crowns, with his purple mass, The cedar reaching high To kiss the sky. The cypress, pine, And useful sassafras.
To whose, the Golden Age Still Nature's laws doth give: No other cares that tend, But them to defend From winter's age, That long there doth not live.
When as the luscious smell Of that delicious land, Above the seas that flows, The clear wind throws, Your hearts to swell, Approaching the dear strand.
In kenning of the shore (Thanks to God first given!) O you, the happiest men, Be frolic then! Let cannons roar! Frightening the wide heaven.
And in regions far, Such heroes bring ye forth As those from whom We came! And plant our name Under that Star Not known unto our North!
And as there plenty grows Of laurel everywhere, Apollo's sacred tree; You it may see A Poet's brows To crown, that may sing there.
Thy Voyages attend, Industrious Hakluyt! Whose reading shall inflame Men to seek fame; And much commend To after Times thy wit.
ODE 12.
To the Cambro-Britans and their Harp, his
Ballad of Agincourt.
[Besides this Ballad: Michael Drayton published, in 1627, a much longer Poem upon this celebrated Battle.]
FAir stood the wind for France, When we our sails advance; Nor now to prove our chance Longer will tarry. But putting to the main; At Caux, the mouth of Seine, With all his martial train Landed King Harry.
And taking many a fort Furnished in warlike sort, Marcheth towards Agincourt In happy hour; Skirmishing, day by day, With those that stopped his way, Where the French General lay With all his Power.
Which, in his height of pride, King Henry to deride; His ransom to provide, To the King sending. Which he neglects the while, As from a nation vile: Yet, with an angry smile, Their fall portending.
And turning to his men, Quoth our brave Henry then: "Though they to one be ten Be not amazèd! Yet have we well begun: Battles so bravely won Have ever to the sun By Fame been raised!"
"And for myself," quoth he, "This my full rest shall be: England ne'er mourn for me, Nor more esteem me! Victor I will remain, Or on this earth lie slain: Never shall She sustain Loss to redeem me!
"Poitiers and Cressy tell, When most their pride did swell, Under our swords they fell. No less our skill is, Than when our Grandsire great, Claiming the regal seat, By many a warlike feat Lopped the French lillies."
The Duke of York so dread The eager Vanward led; With the Main, Henry sped Amongst his henchmen: Exeter had the Rear, A braver man not there! O Lord, how hot they were On the false Frenchmen!
They now to fight are gone; Armour on armour shone; Drum now to drum did groan: To hear, was wonder. That, with cries they make, The very earth did shake; Trumpet, to trumpet spake; Thunder, to thunder.
Well it thine age became, O noble Erpingham! Which didst the signal aim To our hid forces: When, from a meadow by, Like a storm suddenly, The English Archery Stuck the French horses.
With Spanish yew so strong; Arrows a cloth-yard long, That like to serpents stung, Piercing the weather. None from his fellow starts; But, playing manly parts, And like true English hearts, Stuck close together.
When down their bows they threw; And forth their bilbowes [swords] drew And on the French they flew: Not one was tardy. Arms were from the shoulders sent Scalps to the teeth were rent, Down the French peasants went: Our men were hardy.
This while our noble King, His broad sword brandishing, Down the French host did ding As to o'erwhelm it. And many a deep wound lent; His arms with blood besprent, And many a cruel dent Bruisèd his helmet.
Gloucester that Duke so good, Next of the royal blood, For famous England stood With his brave brother. Clarence, in steel so bright, Though but a Maiden Knight; Yet in that furious fight, Scarce such another!
Warwick, in blood did wade; Oxford, the foe invade, And cruel slaughter made, Still as they ran up. Suffolk his axe did ply; Beaumont and Willoughby Bare them right doughtily: Ferrers, and Fanhope.
Upon Saint Crispin's Day, Fought was this noble Fray; Which Fame did not delay To England to carry. O when shall English men With such acts fill a pen? Or England breed again Such a King Harry?
FINIS.