FUMIGANTS
(See also Disinfectants.)
Fumigating Candles.
II.—Charcoal, 7,500 parts, by weight; saltpeter, 150 parts, by weight; Tolu balsam, 500 parts, by weight; musk, 2 parts, by weight; rose oil, 1 part. The mixtures are crushed with thick tragacanth to a solid mass.
III.—Sandal wood, 48 parts, by weight; clove, 6 parts, by weight; benzoin, 6 parts, by weight; licorice juice, 4 parts, by weight; potash saltpeter, 2 parts, by weight; cascarilla bark, 1.5 parts, by weight; cinnamon bark, 1.5 parts, by weight; musk, 0.05 parts, by weight. All these substances are powdered and mixed, whereupon the following are added: Styrax (liquid), 5 parts, by weight; cinnamon oil, 0.05 parts, by weight; clove oil, 0.05 parts, by weight; geranium oil, 0.5 parts, by weight; lavender oil, 0.2 parts, by weight; Peruvian balsam, 0.2 parts, by weight. The solid ingredients are each powdered separately, then placed in the respective proportion in a {366} spacious porcelain dish and intimately mixed by means of a flat spatula. The dish must be covered up with a cloth in this operation. After the mixture has been accomplished, add the essential oils and just enough solution of gum arabic so that by subsequent kneading with the pestle a moldable dough results which possesses sufficient solidity after drying. The mass is pressed into metallic molds in the shape of cones not more than 3/4 of an inch in height.
IV.—Red Fumigating Candles.—Sandal wood, 1 part; gum benzoin, 1.5 parts; Tolu balsam, 0.250 parts; sandal oil, .025 parts; cassia oil, .025 parts; clove oil, 25 parts; saltpeter, .090 parts. The powder is mixed intimately, saturated with spirit of wine, in which the oils are dissolved, and shaped into cones.
| V.— | Wintergreen oil | 1 part |
|---|---|---|
| Tragacanth | 20 parts | |
| Saltpeter | 50 parts | |
| Phenol, crystallized | 100 parts | |
| Charcoal, powdered | 830 parts | |
| Water. |
Dissolve the saltpeter in the water, stir the solution together with the powdered charcoal and dry. Then add the tragacanth powder, also the wintergreen oil and the phenol, and prepare from the mixture, by means of a tragacanth solution containing 2 per cent of saltpeter, a mass which can be shaped into candles.
Fumigating Perfumes.
I.—Select good white blotting paper, and cut each large sheet lengthwise into 3 equal pieces. Make a solution of 1 ounce of potassium nitrate in 12 ounces of boiling water; place this solution in a large plate, and draw each strip of paper over the solution so as to saturate it. Then dry by hanging up. The dried paper is to be saturated in a similar manner with either of the following solutions:
| (1) | Siam benzoin | 1 ounce |
|---|---|---|
| Storax | 3 drachms | |
| Olibanum | 2 scruples | |
| Mastic | 2 scruples | |
| Cascarilla | 2 drachms | |
| Vanilla | 1 drachm | |
| Rectified spirit | 8 ounces | |
| Bruise the solids and macerate in the spirit 5 days, filter, and add | ||
| Oil of cinnamon | 8 parts | |
| Oil of cloves | 8 parts | |
| Oil of bergamot | 5 parts | |
| Oil of neroli | 5 parts | |
| Mix. | ||
| (2) | Benzoin | 1 1/2 ounces |
| Sandal wood | 1 ounce | |
| Spirit | 8 ounces | |
| Macerate as No. 1, and add | ||
| Essence of vetiver | 3 ounces | |
| Oil of lemon grass | 40 drops | |
| Mix. | ||
After the paper is dry, cut up into suitable sized pieces to go into commercial envelopes.
| II.— | Benzoin | 1 av. ounce |
|---|---|---|
| Storax | 1 av. ounce | |
| Fumigating essence | 2 fluidounces | |
| Ether | 1 fluidounce | |
| Acetic acid, glacial | 20 drops | |
| Alcohol | 2 fluidounces |
Dissolve the benzoin and storax in a mixture of the alcohol and ether, filter and add the fumigating and the acetic acid. Spread the mixture upon filtering or bibulous paper and allow it to dry. To prevent sticking, dust the surface with talcum and preserve in wax paper. When used the paper is simply warmed, or held over a lamp.
| III.— | Musk | 0.2 parts |
|---|---|---|
| Oil of rose | 1 part | |
| Benzoin | 100 parts | |
| Myrrh | 12 parts | |
| Orris root | 250 parts | |
| Alcohol (90 per cent) | 500 parts | |
| IV.— | Benzoin | 80 parts |
| Balsam Tolu | 20 parts | |
| Storax | 20 parts | |
| Sandal wood | 20 parts | |
| Myrrh | 10 parts | |
| Cascarilla bark | 20 parts | |
| Musk | 0.2 parts | |
| Alcohol | 250 parts |
Fumigating Ribbon.
| Benzoin | 1 ounce |
| Orris root | 1 ounce |
| Myrrh | 2 drachms |
| Tolu balsam | 2 drachms |
| Musk | 10 grains |
| Rectified spirit | 10 ounces |
Macerate for a week, filter, and add 10 minims of attar of rose.
II.—Another good formula which may also be used for fumigating paper, is: {367}
| Olibanum | 2 ounces |
| Storax | 1 ounce |
| Benzoin | 6 drachms |
| Peruvian balsam | 1/2 ounce |
| Tolu balsam | 3 drachms |
| Rectified spirit | 10 ounces |
Macerate 10 days, and filter.
Perfumed Fumigating Pastilles.—
| I.— | Vegetable charcoal | 6 ounces |
|---|---|---|
| Benzoin | 1 ounce | |
| Nitrate of potash | 1/2 ounce | |
| Tolu balsam | 2 drachms | |
| Sandal wood | 2 drachms | |
| Mucilage of tragacanth, a sufficiency. | ||
Reduce the solids to fine powder, mix, and make into a stiff paste with the mucilage. Divide this into cones 25 grains in weight, and dry with a gentle heat.
| II.— | Powdered willow charcoal | 8 ounces |
|---|---|---|
| Benzoic acid | 6 ounces | |
| Nitrate of potash | 6 drachms | |
| Oil of thyme | 1/2 drachm | |
| Oil of sandal wood | 1/2 drachm | |
| Oil of caraway | 1/2 drachm | |
| Oil of cloves | 1/2 drachm | |
| Oil of lavender | 1/2 drachm | |
| Oil of rose | 1/2 drachm | |
| Rose water | 10 ounces |
Proceed as in I, but this recipe is better for the addition of 20 grains of powdered tragacanth.
| III.— | Benzoin | 10 av. ounces |
|---|---|---|
| Charcoal | 24 av. ounces | |
| Potassium nitrate | 1 av. ounce | |
| Sassafras | 2 av. ounces | |
| Mucilage of acacia, sufficient. | ||
Mix the first four in fine powder, add the mucilage, form a mass, and make into conical pastilles.
| IV.— | Potassium nitrate | 375 grains |
|---|---|---|
| Water | 25 fluidounces | |
| Charcoal wood, powder | 30 av. ounces | |
| Tragacanth, powder | 375 grains | |
| Storax | 300 grains | |
| Benzoin | 300 grains | |
| Vanillin | 8 grains | |
| Coumarin | 3 grains | |
| Musk | 3 grains | |
| Civet | 1 1/2 grains | |
| Oil of rose | 20 drops | |
| Oil of bergamot | 15 drops | |
| Oil of ylang-ylang | 10 drops | |
| Oil of rhodium | 10 drops | |
| Oil of sandal wood | 5 drops | |
| Oil of cinnamon | 5 drops | |
| Oil of orris | 1 drop | |
| Oil of cascarilla | 1 drop |
Saturate the charcoal with the potassium nitrate dissolved in the water, dry the mass, powder, add the other ingredients, and mix thoroughly. Beat the mixture to a plastic mass with the addition of sufficient mucilage of tragacanth containing 2 per cent of saltpeter in solution, and form into cone-shaped pastilles. In order to evenly distribute the storax throughout the mass, it may be previously dissolved in a small amount of acetic ether.
| V.— | Benzoin | 2 av. ounces |
|---|---|---|
| Cascarilla | 1 av. ounce | |
| Myrrh | 1 av. ounce | |
| Potassium nitrate | 1/2 av. ounce | |
| Potassium chlorate | 60 grains | |
| Charcoal, wood | 4 av. ounces | |
| Oil of cloves | 1 fluidrachm | |
| Oil of cinnamon | 1 fluidrachm | |
| Oil of lavender | 1 fluidrachm | |
| Mucilage of tragacanth, sufficient. | ||
Mix the first six ingredients previously reduced to fine powder, add the oils, and then incorporate enough mucilage to form a mass. Divide this into pastilles weighing about 60 grains and dry.
| VI.— | Charcoal, powder | 30 av. ounces |
|---|---|---|
| Potassium nitrate | 1/2 av. ounce | |
| Water | 33 fluidounces | |
| Tragacanth, powder | 300 grains | |
| Tincture of benzoin | 1 1/2 fluidounces | |
| Peru balsam | 300 grains | |
| Storax, crude | 300 grains | |
| Tolu balsam | 300 grains | |
| Oleo-balsamic mixture | 2 1/2 fluidrachms | |
| Coumarin | 8 grains |
Saturate the charcoal with the potassium nitrate dissolved in the water, then dry, reduce to powder, and incorporate the tragacanth and then the remaining ingredients. Form a mass by the addition of sufficient mucilage of tragacanth containing 2 per cent of potassium nitrate in solution and divide into pastilles.
| VII.— | Powdered nitrate of potassium | 1/2 ounce |
|---|---|---|
| Powdered gum arabic | 1/2 ounce | |
| Powdered cascarilla bark (fresh) | 1/2 ounce | |
| Powdered benzoin (fresh) | 4 ounces | |
| Powdered charcoal | 7 ounces | |
| Oil of eucalyptus | 25 drops | |
| Oil of cloves | 25 drops | |
| Water, a sufficiency. | ||
Make a smooth paste, press into molds and dry.