TO THE READER.

[Before the edition 1610.]

Hauing hitherto continued the storie (gentle reader) from the first entrance of Brute into this iland, with the falles of such princes, as were neuer before this time in one volume comprised, I now proceed with the rest, which take their beginning from the Conquest, whose pen-men being many and diuers, all diuerslie affected in the method of this their Mirror, I purpose only to follow the intended scope of that most honorable personage, who, by how much he did surpasse the rest in the eminence of his noble condition, by so much he hath exceeded them all in the excellencie of his heroicall stile, which with a golden pen he hath limmed out to posteritie in that worthy obiect of his minde, the tragedie of the duke of Buckingham, and in his preface then intituled master Sackuil’s induction. This worthie president of learning, intending to perfect all this storie himselfe from the Conquest, being called to a more serious expence of his time in the great state affaires of his most royall ladie and soueraigne, left the dispose thereof to M. Baldwine, M. Ferrers, and others, the composers of these tragedies, who continuing their methode which was by way of dialogue or interlocution betwixt euery tragedie, gaue it onely place before the duke of Buckingham’s complaint, which order I since hauing altered, haue placed the induction in the beginning,[71] with euery tragedie following, according to succession and the iust computation of time, which before was not obserued; and lest any one thinke me envious of other’s deserts, I haue subscribed the names of all such as I could heare of, vnder such tragedies as each one particularlie hath written; which at the request of the printer, I haue briefely perused as the former. In which (friendly reader) if I haue done amisse, I craue pardon for my ouersight, hoping, if paines will in stead of penance pacifie thee, to yield thee satisfaction and content in my additions following, to which I refer thee.

R. N.

The falle of Robert Tresilian chiefe justice of England, and other his fellowes, for misconstruing the lawes, and expounding them to serue the prince’s affections. Anno 1388.[72]

In the ruefull[73] register of mischiefe and mishap,

Baldwine we beseech thee with our names to begin,

Whom vnfriendly fortune did trayn vnto a trap,

When wee[74] thought our state most stable to haue bin:

So lightely leese they all, which all do weene to win:

Learne by vs ye laweyers and judges of this land,[75]

Vpright and vncorrupt[76] in dome alway to stand.

And print yee this president[77] to remaine for euer,

Enrolle and record it in tables made of brasse,

Engraue it in marble that may bee razed neuer,

Where the judges[78] of the lawe may see, as in a glasse,

What guerdon is for guile,[79] and what our wages was,

Who for our prince’s pleasure,[80] corrupt[81] with meede and awe,

Wittingly and wretchedly[82] did wrest the sence of lawe.

A chaunge more newe or straunge when was there euer seene,

Then judges from the bench to come downe to the barre,

And counsaylours that were most nigh to king and queene

Exiled their countrye, from court and counsaile farre:

But such is fortune’s play, which can both make and marre,

Exalting to most highe that was before moste lowe,

And turning tayle agayne, the lofty downe to throwe.[83]

And such as late afore, could[84] stoutly speake and pleade

Both in court and countrye, carelesse of the triall,

Stand muet as[85] mummers[86] without aduise or reade,

All to seeke of shifting, by trauerse or denyall,[87]

Which haue seene the day, when,[88] for a golden ryall,[89]

By finesse and conning, could haue made blacke[90] seeme white,

And most extorted wrong to haue appeared right.[91]

Whilst thus on bench aboue wee had the highest place,

Our reasons were to strong, for any to confute:

But when at barre beneath, wee came to pleade our case,

Our wits were in the wane, our pleading very brute:

Hard it is for prisoners with judges to dispute:

When all men against one, and none for one shall speake,

Who weenes himselfe most wise, shall haply bee to weake.[92]

To you therefore that sit, these fewe wordes will I say,

That no man sits so sure, but hee may haply stand:[93]

Wherefore whilst you haue place, and beare the swing, and sway

By fauour, without rigour let poynts of lawe bee skan’d:

Pitty the poore prisoner that holdeth vp his hand,

Ne lade him not with law, who least of law hath knowne,

Remember ere yee dye, the case may bee your owne.[94]

Behold mee vnfortunate forman of this flocke,[95]

Tresilian, sometime[96] chiefe justice of this land,

A gentleman by byrth,[97] no staine was in my stocke,

Locketon, Holte, and[98] Belknap, with other of my band,

Which the lawe and justice had wholly in our hand,

Under the second Richarde a prince of great estate,[99]

To whome and vs also, blinde fortune gaue the mate.[100]

In the common[101] lawes our skill was so profounde,

Our credite and autority such, and so esteemde,

That what wee[102] concluded[103] was taken for a grounde,

Allowed was for lawe what so to vs best seemed,

Life, death, landes, goods,[104] and all by vs was deemed:

Whereby with easy paine great gayne wee did in fet,[105]

And euery thing was fishe, that came vnto our net.

At sessions and at sises,[106] wee bare the stroake and sway,

In patentes and commission, of quorum alwaye chiefe:[107]

So that to whether syde soeuer wee did way,

Were it by right or wrong, it past, without repriefe:

The true man wee let hang[108] somewhiles to saue a thiefe,

Of gold, and of siluer, our handes were neuer empty,

Offices, fermes, and fees, fell to vs in great plenty.

10.

But what thing may suffice vnto the greedy man?

The more hee hath in hold, the more hee doth desire:

Happy and twise happy is hee, that wisely can

Content himselfe with that, which reason doth require,

And moyleth for no more then for his needefull hire:

But greedines of minde doth seldome keepe[109] the syse,

To whom enough and more doth neuer well suffice.[110]

11.

For like as dropsy pacients drinke and still bee dry,

Whose vnstaunchst thirst no liquor can alay,

And drinke they nere so much, yet thirst they by and by:[111]

So catchers and snatchers[112] toile both night and day,

Not needy, but greedy, still prolling[113] for their pray:

O endlesse thirste of gold, corrupter of all lawes,

What mischiefe is on moulde whereof thou art not cause?

12.

Thou madest vs forget the fayth of our profession,[114]

When sergeants wee were sworne to serue the common lawe,

Which was, that in no point wee should make digression[115]

From approued principles, in sentence nor in sawe:

But wee vnhappy wightes[116] without all dread and awe

Of the judge eternall, for worlde’s vaine promotion,

More to man then God did beare our whole deuotion.[117]

13.

The lawes wee did interprete[118] and statutes of the land,

Not truely by the texte, but newly by a glose:

And wordes that were most playne, when they by vs were skand,

Wee tourned by construction to[119] a Welshman’s hose,

Whereby many a one[120] both life and land did lose:

Yet this wee made our meane to mount aloft on mules:

And seruing times and turnes peruerted lawes and rules.[121]

14.

Thus climing and contending alway to the toppe,

From hie vnto higher, and then to bee most hye,

The honny dewe of fortune so fast on vs did droppe,

That of king Richarde’s counsayle wee came to bee most nye:[122]

Whose fauour to attayne wee[123] were full fine and slye:

Alway to his profite[124] where any thing[125] might sounde,

That way (all were it wrong) the lawes[126] wee did expounde.

15.

So working lawe like waxe, the subiect was not sure

Of life, land,[127] nor goodes but at the prince’s will,

Which caused his kingdome the shorter time to dure:

For clayming power absolute both to saue and spill,

The prince thereby presumed his people for to pill,

And set his lustes for lawe, and will had reason’s place,

No more but hang and drawe, there was no better grace.

16.

Thus the king outleaping the limits of his lawe,

Not raigning but raging, as youth[128] did him entice,

Wise and worthy persons from court did dayly drawe,

Sage counsayle set at naught, proude vaunters were in price,

And roysters bare the rule, which wasted all in vice:

Of ryot and excesse, grewe scarsity and lacke,

Of lacking came taxing, and so went welth to wracke.[129]

17.

The barons[130] of the land not bearing this abuse,

Conspiring with the commons assembled by assent,

And seeing neyther reason,[131] nor treaty, could induce

The king in any thing his rigour to relent,

Maugre[132] his might they[133] calde a parliament:

Franke and free for all men without checke[134] to debate

As well for weale publique, as for the prince’s state.

18.

In this[135] high assembly, great thinges were proponed

Touching the prince’s state, his regalty[136] and crowne,

By reason that the king[137] (which much was to be moned)

Without regarde at all, of honour or renowne,

Misledde by ill aduice, had tournde all vpside downe,

For surety of whose state, them thought it did behoue

His counsaylours corrupt by reason[138] to remoue:[139]

19.

Among whome, Robert Veer[140] calde duke of Irelande,

With Mighell Delapole of Suffolke newe made earle,

Of Yorke also the archbishop, dispacht were out of hande,[141]

With Brembre of London a full vncurteous churle:[142]

Some learned in the lawe in exile they did hurle:

But I poore[144] Tresilian (because I was the chiefe)

Was dampned to the gallowes most vily as[145] a thiefe.

20.

Lo the fine of falshood, [the] stipend of corruption,

The fee of dowble fraude,[146] the fruites it doth procure:

Yee judges vpon earth,[147] let our iuste punition[148]

Teach you to shake off bribes, and kepe your handes pure:[149]

Riches and promotion bee vayne thinges and vnsure,

The fauour of a prince is an vntrusty staye,

But iustice hath a fee that shall remayne alway.

21.

What glory can bee greater before God[150] or man,

Then by pathes of justice[151] in iudgement to proceede?

So duely and so truely[152] the lawes alway[153] to skan,[154]

That right may take his place without regarde[155] or meede:

Set apart all flattery and vayne wordly dreede,

Set[156] God before your eyes the iuste[157] judge supreme,

Remembre well your reckoning at the day extreme.

22.

Abandon all affray, bee soothfast in your sawes,

Be constant, and carelesse of mortall men’s displeasure,[158]

With eyes shut and handes close[159] you should pronounce the lawes:

Esteeme not worldly goodes,[160] thinke there is a treasure

More worth then golde [or stone] a thousand times in valure

Reposed for all such as righteousnes ensue,

Whereof you can not fayle, the promise made is true.

23.

If judges in our dayes woulde ponder well in minde

The fatall fall of vs, for wresting lawe and right,

Such statutes as touche life should not bee thus definde,

By sences constrayned against true meaning quite,

As well they might affirme the blacke for to bee white:

Wherefore wee wish they woulde our acte and end compare,

And weying well the case, they will wee trust beware.[161]

G. F.[162]