Pamphlets on the Constitution of the United States / Published During Its Discussion by the People 1787-1788

by Unknown

INDEX.

• Adams, Charles Francis, 4[13].
• Adams, John, cited, [316].
• Adams. J. Q., [406]; [411].
• Address to the people of the State of New York, 6[7]; [87]; [111].
• Agriculture, diminished values of products of, [73].
• Albany, committee of, [1];
  • address to the citizens of, [409].
• Algerines, method of obtaining peace with the, [112].
• Amendments, see Constitution. American Citizen, An, pseudonym of T. Coxe, 1[34]; [391].
• Appointment, powers of, [311]; [339].
• Appointing power, necessity of check on President’s, [341].
• Aristides, pseudonym of A. C. Hanson, [217]; [408].
• Aristocracy, (see also Monarchy.) [17]; [285]; [332];
  • natural, in the U. S., [295];
  • party of, in the U. S., 3[21];
  • rarity of, genuine, [256].
• Army, Standing, dangers of, [10]; [150];
  • discussion of, [363];
  • impossibility of in America, [56];
  • lack of restrictions on, [51]; [103]; [365];
  • necessity of, [157]; [235];
  • powers of congress over, [150]; [303];
  • restriction of, by North Carolina, [365];
  • restriction of, by Pennsylvania, [365];
  • unnecessary fear of, [234].
• Arnold, Benedict, [352].
• Articles of Confederation, see Confederation. Attainder, Bills of, forbidden, [314].
• Austin, James T., [1].
• Baldwin, Abraham, biographies of, [432].
• Baldwin, Simeon, Oration of, [386].
• Bancroft, George, History by, [386].
• Bankrupt laws, necessity of uniform, [306].
• Belhaven, Lord, quotation from speech of, [195].
• Bills of Rights, 7[3]; [114]; [229]; [329];
  • adoption of, [359];
  • necessity of, [75]; [315];
  • unnecessary in constitution, [241]; [335].
• Blackstone, Judge, cited, [10].
• Blair, John, biographies of, [432].
• Brearly, David, [390];
  • biographies of, [432].
• Brutus, pseudonym to newspaper essay, [118]; [424].
• Bryan, Samuel, [418].
• Butler, Pierce, biographies of, [432].
• Byng, admiral, [354].
• Cabinet, dangers of, [330].
• Carolinas, the, importance of their decision on the constitution, [21].
• Carroll, Daniel, biographies of, [432].
• Caucus, dangers from, [300].
• Centinel, cited, [248];
  • pseudonym of Samuel Bryan, [418].
• Citizen of America, pseudonym of N. Webster, [25]; [423].
• Citizen of New York, pseudonym of John Jay, [67]; [410].
• Citizen of Philadelphia, pseudonym of P. Webster, [118]; [424].
• Civil list, [7].
• Civil service, [189];
  • want of rotation in, [11].
• Civis, pseudonym of Jonathan Jackson, [410];
  • pseudonym of David Ramsay, [380]; [420].
• Clinton, George, [418].
• Clymer, George, biographies of, [432].
• Columbian Patriot, pseudonym of E. Gerry, [1]; [407].
• Commerce, (see also, Navigation, Shipping, Treaties.) [73]; [265]; [357];
  • condition of, [358];
  • control of, by a few states, [62];
  • impositions on, [264];
  • improper power to enact laws relating to, [331];
  • powers of congress over, [357];
  • right of English parliament over colonial, [136];
  • should not be submitted to a mere majority of congress, [275];
  • wretched condition of, [265].
• Confederation (see also, Congress, Continental, United States government.)
  • compared with constitution, [148]; [379];
  • defective nature of, [136]; [228]; [261];
  • dissolution of, [268];
  • feebleness of, [272];
  • government under the, [72];
  • history of, [262]; [283];
  • impossibility of suitably amending, [267];
  • necessity of amending, [96]; [136];
  • positions of the states under, in reference to the new constitution, [97]; [267].
• Confederacies, separate, 1[20]; [127]; [204]; [247]; [269];
  • southern, [270];
  • evils of, [278].
• Congress, Continental (see also Confederation, Impost, Paper Money.) [156];
  • absurd measures of, [32];
  • bad constitution of, [267];
  • lack of power of, [78];
  • merging of powers in, [268];
  • misrepresentation in, [267];
  • omitted in consideration of new government, [14];
  • origin of, [70];
  • powers of, [70]; [72]; [374];
  • power to amend constitution, [284];
  • proposition to vest with impost, [283];
  • requisitions of, [263];
  • unsuitable to lodge powers in, [267].
• Congress, (see also, Armies, Commerce, Constitution, Election, Judiciary, Jury, Impost, Paper Money, Press, Representation, Representatives, Senate, Treaties, United States government.) [33]; [107];
  • abuse of powers of, [122];
  • attendance in, [376];
  • binding effects of acts of on its own members, [124];
  • checks on, [125];
  • definition of necessary powers, [45];
  • delegates to, [40];
  • division into two branches, [30];
  • extensive powers of, [45]; [122]; [233];
  • formed of the best men, [123];
  • great expense of, [47];
  • interference of with states, [46];
  • length of term, [170];
  • limited powers of, to deal with common law, [336];
  • members of, remarks on, [123];
  • method of passing laws, [44];
  • necessary powers only given to, [173]; [374];
  • necessity of a line between states and, [273];
  • objection to two branches in, [47];
  • powers conceded by anti-federalists to, [126];
  • powers of, limited to what the people allow, [127];
  • powers of taxation of, [49]; [303];
  • powers over elections, [44];
  • powers over printing, [316];
  • powers to define and punish crime, [359];
  • powers to grant monopolies, [357];
  • power to provide for the general interest and welfare, [121];
  • probable misuse of their power, [123];
  • representation in, [12]; [289];
  • right of the people to control delegates to, [6];
  • to determine their own salaries, [11];
  • unnecessary power over elections, [61].
• Connecticut, adopted from local causes, [104];
  • adoption of the constitution by, [98];
  • and the constitution, [439];
  • construction of Senate of, [41];
  • disagreement in legislature of, [33];
  • hostile feelings towards New York, [84]; [96];
  • imports of, from New York, [62];
  • legislative action on act of Congress, [33];
  • probable refusal to attend second convention, [81];
  • reasons for her ratification, [21];
  • representation in House of Representatives, [293].
• Constitution, (see also Army, Bills of Rights, Congress, Continental Congress, Conventions, Elections, Judiciary, Jury, Militia, Navy, Press, Ratification, Representation, Representatives, Senate, United States government.)
• ——Adoption of, danger of delay in, [93];
  • necessity of [62];
  • should not be precipitate in, [280].
• ——Advantages of, [61]; [64]; [319];
  • control over states clearly defined, [121];
  • diverse representation in, [204];
  • increase of values if adopted, [47];
  • mutual checks in the departments of government as, [222];
  • no qualification in wealth or birth under, [146];
  • plan of accommodation, [80]; [285];
  • security in, from federal servants, [189].
• ——Amendments to, [15]; [34]; [103];
  • adoption before making, [93];
  • agreement in, [102];
  • dangers of, [226];
  • difficulty of agreeing to, prior to adoption, [99]; [245];
  • methods for obtaining, [111]; [317];
  • necessity of, prior to adoption, [99]; [101]; [274];
  • necessity of, [93]; [106]; [273]; [324];
  • power of making, [209];
  • state conventions should make, [322];
  • unreasonableness of, [104].
• ——Compared with other constitutions, compared with articles of confederation, [148]; [379];
  • compared with Roman and English, [35];
  • compared with Great Britain, [137];
  • difference between the state constitutions and the, [155].
• ——Defects of, [318];
  • a consolidated fabric of aristocratic tyranny, [17];
  • agreement in, [93];
  • a heterogeneous phantom, [7];
  • complicated nature of, [7];
  • contains no feature of democracy or republicanism, [8];
  • designed for the rich, [254];
  • executive and legislative powers dangerously blended in, [9];
  • ignorance of the people in its formation, [284];
  • impracticable over so vast a territory, [13];
  • impossibility of suiting all, [63];
  • lack of declaration of rights in, [73]; [329];
  • neither federal nor national, [279];
  • unequal advantages enjoyed by different localities, [298];
  • want of title, 8.
• ——Powers of, [156];
  • amount delegated by, [313];
  • divisions of, [75];
  • fundamental rights of, [313];
  • general clauses of, [233]; [312]; [331];
  • general, [356];
  • guarantee against ex post facto laws, [147]; [314]; [332]; [368].
• ——Ratification of, see ratification.
• ——Tendencies of; consolidating, [14]; [102]; [121]; [127]; [129]; [282]; [286]; [289]; [294]; [299]; [320];
  • dangers of corruption of, [129];
  • construction with reference to state constitutions, [159]; [314];
  • founded on monarchy and aristocracy, [7];
  • guarded against excesses, [184];
  • liable to result in monarchy, [195];
  • partly federal but tending towards consolidation, [286];
  • possibility of ending in tyranny, [169];
  • probable encroachments under, [122];
  • will end in monarchy or aristocracy, [254]; [285].
• ——Absurd prospects in case of adoption, [106];
  • character of the supporters of, [5];
  • classes interested in, [283];
  • division of legislature into two branches, [30];
  • documentary sources of the history of the adoption of, [428];
  • editions of, [386];
  • general histories of the, [427];
  • partizan pamphlets pro and con, [437];
  • possibility of obtaining a better, [78];
  • sources of objections to, [166].
• Conventions, ease in obtaining, [317].
• Convention, Annapolis, [284].
• Convention, Federal, (see also Constitution, States.) [271]; [285];
  • biographies of attending members of, [432];
  • character of members, [114];
  • composition of, [74];
  • compromises in, [76]; [158];
  • dangers of discord in, [222];
  • debates and proceedings of, [431];
  • diverse interests in, [166];
  • drafts and plans of constitutions in, [431];
  • histories of, improper secrecy of, [15]; [18];
  • journal of, [410];
  • list of members of, [406];
  • local interest in, [75];
  • members of, [221];
  • non-attendance of members, [285];
  • not limited, [224];
  • opinion of, [74];
  • origin of, [284];
  • quality of the delegates of, [285];
  • secrecy in proceedings, [101];
  • unauthorized powers assumed by, [14]; [16]; [224];
  • want of authority, [101].
• Convention, Second, [21]; [210]; [272];
  • evils of, [166];
  • great delay in obtaining, [83];
  • impossible to agree upon a better plan, [82];
  • necessity of, [19]; [274];
  • possibility of a successful, [80]; [246];
  • probability that the states which have already ratified will refuse to attend, [81].
• Conventions, State, (see also each State and Ratification.) [17]; [274];
  • ratifications against the wish of the people, [19];
  • should be allowed to amend constitution, [272]; [322];
  • value of, [322].
• Council, (see also Executive.)
  • necessity of, [230];
  • objections to, [341].
• Courts, see Judiciary. Coxe, Tench, pamphlet by, [134]; [391].
• Curtis, G. T., History by, [391].
• Dallas, A. J., [425].
• Davie, W. R., biographies of, [433];
  • pamphlet by, [333]; [391].
• Dawson, H. B., editor of The Federalist, [404];
  • correspondence about The Federalist, [404].
• Debt, federal, change of system for paying, [378];
  • condition of, [95];
  • equalization of, [147];
  • failure to meet, [73];
  • probable treatment of, [105];
  • responsibility of, [317].
• Decius, pseudonym of J. Montgomery, [415]; [417].
• Declaration of Rights see Bill of Rights. De Costa, B. F., review by. [386].
• Delaware and the constitution, [433];
  • probable refusal to attend second convention, [81];
  • representation of, [223];
  • selfish motives in adopting the constitution, [21].
• Democracy, disapproval of, [319].
• Despotism, methods of, [9].
• Dickinson, John, biographies of, [433];
  • cited, [318];
  • pamphlet by, [163]; [392].
• Duties, see Export, Import, Taxation.
• Eastern States, see States, Eastern.
• Elections, (see also Constitution, Congress, Representatives, House of, Senate.)
  • biennial found by Massachusetts, [8];
  • control of, by congress, [103]; [151]; [227]; [295];
  • frequency of, [8]; [11]; [13];
  • great barrier to corruption, [61];
  • probable misuse of the power granted over, 1[103].
• Elliot, Jonathan, debates of, [392].
• Ellsworth, Oliver, biographies of, [433];
  • cited, [341].
• English Constitution, see Great Britain. Entail, dangerous to liberty, [60].
• Executive, (see also Appointment, Constitution, Impeachment, Pardon, Treaty, Vice President.) ——Council, [230]; [330];
  • lack of, [333];
  • objections to, [345];
  • unnecessary, [346].
• ——National, [64];
  • advantage of single, [352];
  • American compared with English, [137];
  • composition of, 225;
  • election of, [35]; [171]; [298];
  • entailment of, [233];
  • exclusion of the people in the choice of, [12];
  • nominating power of, [228];
  • pardoning power of, [275]; [338]; [351];
  • powers of, [36]; [171]; [225]; [232];
  • requisite age of, [36];
  • should be ineligible after a certain time, [275];
  • should not fill vacancies, [275];
  • should not nominate judiciary offices, [275];
  • small probability of treason of, [352];
  • term of, 231; tool of the Senate, [330];
  • veto power of, [45].
• ——State, (see also State,) restrictions on, [351].
• Export duties, restraint on, [331];
  • restriction of states from, [366].
• Ex post facto laws, desirability of restrictions on, [368];
  • guarantee against, [147]; [314]; [336];
  • restraint from, [332].
• Fabius, pseudonym of John Dickinson, [163]; [392].
• Federal administration, [394].
• Federal city, advantage to middle states, [319];
  • jurisdiction of, improperly used, [18];
  • resolution for, by the continental congress, [32].
• Federal convention, see Convention, Federal. Federal Constitution, pseudonym, 385. see Constitution, Federal. Federal Farmer; pseudonym of Richard Henry Lee, [277]; [411].
• Federalist, The, authorship of, [395];
  • list of editions, [394];
  • opinions concerning, [395];
  • original publication of, [395].
• Federal Republican, A, [420].
• Federal Republic, title invented by James Wilson, [8].
• Federal requisitions, [105].
• Few, William, biographies of, [433].
• Fitzsimons, Thomas, 25; biographies of, [433].
• Ford, P. L., list of editions of The Federalist, [395];
  • list of members of federal convention, [406].
• Foreign affairs, indifference to, [72].
• Foreign goods, excessive importation of, [95].
• Franklin, Benjamin, [27]; [64];
  • biographies of, [433].
• Fur trade, loss of, [73].
• Georgia, accession of, to insure protection, [20];
  • amendment of constitution of, [34];
  • and the constitution, [441];
  • probable refusal to attend second convention, [81].
• Gerry, Elbridge, biographies of, [433];
  • failure to sign constitution, [271];
  • pamphlet by, [1]; [407].
• Gilman, Nicholas, biographies of, [433].
• Gorham, Nathaniel, biographies of, [433].
• Greenleaf, T., [1].
• Great Britain, House of Commons, [42]; [143]; [211];
  • constitution of, compared with the American, [35]; [137];
  • House of Peers of, [42];
  • paper money would destroy the credit of, [243];
  • Privy Council of, [345];
  • right of the colonists to constitution of, [135];
  • standing army of, [235];
  • union of, [195]; [213].
• Government, (see also under each country,)
  • dangers of all strong, [131];
  • effect on character and manners, [5];
  • elements of, [263];
  • instituted for protection and happiness, [6];
  • must not be lodged in a single body, [182];
  • nature of, [92];
  • origin of, [174];
  • primary principles of, [373];
  • the result of fraud or violence, [18].
• Hale, Charles, [415].
• Hale, Sir Mathew, cited, [10].
• Hall, Aaron, [408].
• Hamilton, Alexander, biographies of, [433];
  • The Federalist, [395];
  • proposition in convention, [408].
• Hamilton. J. A., correspondence about The Federalist, [404].
• Hamilton, J. C., editor of The Federalist, [405].
• Hanson, Alexander Contee, pamphlet by, [217]; [408].
• Helvetius, cited, [5].
• Henry, Patrick, attack on, [415]; [417].
• Hillsborough, Lord, [8].
• Hitchcock, Enos, [408].
• Hopkinson, Francis, [409].
• Hutchinson, Gov. T., recommends triennial elections, [8]; [13].
• Impeachment, (see also Constitution, Executive, Senate), [342];
  • improperly lodged with senate, [300].
• Imports, 62; foreign, [95].
• Impost, (see also Congress, Taxation), [104]; [283];
  • Connecticut and New Jersey share of, [319];
  • general acceptance of the five per cent., [253];
  • the great source of revenue in the U. S., [160].
• Imprimatur, danger of, [9].
• Ingersoll, Jared, biographies of, [433].
• Insurgents, party of, in the U. S., [321].
• Iredell, James, pamphlet by, [327]; [333]; [392]; [410].
• Jackson, Jonathan, [410].
• Jay, John, pamphlet by, [67]; [410];
  • reply to his pamphlet, [111];
  • The Federalist, [395].
• Jay, John, (Jr.) correspondence about The Federalist, [404].
• Johnson, W. S., [390];
  • biographies of, [433].
• Judiciary, National (see also Appointment, Executive, Jury, Senate,) [275];
  • analysis of, [343];
  • appellate jurisdiction of, [12]; [236]; [308]; [311];
  • coersive powers of, [343];
  • dangers from jurisdiction as to both law and fact, [308];
  • discussion of, [236];
  • impossibility of trial by jury in, [310];
  • necessity of national, [122];
  • power to decide law and fact, [114];
  • powers of, [53]; [149]; [236]; [298]; [306];
  • want of limitation in, [9]; [102].
• Judiciary, State, (see also Jury, State,) [289]; [307];
  • absorption of by national, [53]; [329];
  • position under constitution, [343].
• Jury, Trial by, absence in state courts, [361];
  • discussion of, [157];
  • impracticable in national courts, [289];
  • necessity of, [184]; [315];
  • not altered by constitution, [148];
  • not a universal practice, [361];
  • not secured in civil cases, [9]; [103]; [114]; [307];
  • reply to insinuations concerning, [52];
  • should be left to wisdom of congress, [362];
  • the birthright of Americans, [241];
  • under Pennsylvania constitution, [148].
• King, Rufus, biographies of, [434];
  • on Elbridge Gerry, [1].
• Land, (see also Western Territory),
  • decline in the price of, [74].
• Langdon, John, biographies of, [434].
• Lansing, John, 425; biographies of, [434].
• Law, (see also Congress, Constitution, Judiciary, Ex post facto, Treaties),
  • multiplication of, [302];
  • necessity of supreme, [312];
  • people entitled to common, [336].
• Lee, Richard Henry, pamphlet by, [277]; [411].
• Legislature, see Congress and State Legislatures. Livingston, William, biographies of, [434].
• Lloyd, Thomas, [412]; [418].
• Lodge, H. C., editor of The Federalist, [406].
• Mablé, Ablé, cited, [4].
• M’Henry, James, biographies of, [434].
• McClurg, James, biographies of, [434].
• M’Kean, Thomas, speeches of, [412].
• Maclaine, Archibald, pamphlet by, [333]; [392]; [412];
  • opinion of The Federalist, [395].
• MacMaster, John Bach, [412].
• Madison, James, [327]; [390];
  • biographies of, [434];
  • debate of, [394]; [413];
  • quotation from, [259];
  • The Federalist, [395].
• Marcus, pseudonym of James Iredell, [333]; [391]; [410].
• Martin, Luther, biographies of, 4[34];
  • cited, [18];
  • Genuine Information of, [413]; [425].
• Maryland and the constitution, [440];
  • construction of senate of, [41];
  • declaration of rights, [229];
  • delay in appointing convention, [250];
  • local actions in courts of, [239];
  • method of electing federal representatives, [225];
  • omnipotence of legislature of, [226];
  • position toward Europe, [251];
  • position under new constitution, [251];
  • probable rejection of the constitution by, [28];
  • proposed emission of paper money, [33];
  • representation of, [223];
  • resistance of the people to paper money, [244].
• Mason, George, [390];
  • biographies of, [434];
  • failure to sign constitution, [271];
  • pamphlet by, [327]; [413];
  • reply to, [255]; [333]; [391].
• Massachusetts, [13];
  • adoption of the constitution by, [98];
  • ambiguous expressions in ratification of, [6];
  • amendments of the convention of, [15]; [103];
  • and the constitution, [438];
  • debates in the convention, [414];
  • hostile feeling towards New York, [96];
  • means used to obtain ratification of, [19];
  • ratification by, [6].
• Mediterranean, exclusion of Americans from, [73].
• Mercer, J. F., biographies of, [435].
• Mifflin, Thomas, biographies of, [435].
• Militia, congressional power over, [52]; [305];
  • necessary general powers over, [122]; [306];
  • no longer under civil control, [11];
  • subject to president and senate, [11].
• Minot, G. R., [410].
• Monarchy, (see also Aristocracy), [7];
  • advocates for, [19];
  • dangers of, [195]; [254]; [285];
  • partisans of, in the state conventions, [17];
  • spirit of, in America, [5].
• Money, (see also Paper Money, Representatives, Senate, Taxation),
  • power to raise, necessary to general government, [122];
  • scarcity of, 73; 113.
  • Monopolies, congressional power to grant. [357].
• Montesquien, cited, [59].
• Montgomery, J., pamphlet by, [415]; [417].
• Morris, Robert, biographies of, [435].
• Morris, Gouverneur, biographies of, [435].
• Native of Boston, pseudonym of J. Jackson, [410].
• Navigation laws, necessity of, [377].
• Navy, power of congress to form, [374];
  • will be obtained by constitution, [379].
• New England, commerce of, [357].
• New Hampshire and the constitution, [438].
• New Jersey, adopted from local causes, [104];
  • and the constitution, [439];
  • hostile feelings towards New York, [84]; [96];
  • imports of, from New York, [62];
  • journal of the convention of, [416];
  • probable refusal to attend second convention, [81];
  • selfish motives in adopting the constitution, [21].
• New York, address to the people of, [67]; [87]; [111];
  • and the constitution, [439];
  • anti-federal committee of, [1];
  • constitution of, [114];
  • dangers from contiguous states, [96];
  • debates of the convention of, [416];
  • failure to guarantee liberty of the press in constitution of, [76];
  • ill feeling towards, of New Jersey and Connecticut, [84];
  • imports for other states, [62];
  • imports, [104];
  • journal of the convention of, [416];
  • lack of bill of rights, [114];
  • position, in case nine states ratify, [86];
  • undoubted rejection of constitution by, [21].
• North Carolina and the constitution, [441];
  • debates in the convention of, [417];
  • forbids standing army in time of peace, [51]; [365].
• Nicholas, J., [415]; [417].
• Paine, Thomas, The Rights of Man, [164].
• Paper money, [33];
  • baneful effects of, [243];
  • conduct of the state legislatures concerning, [244]; [284];
  • congress not restricted from issuing, [374];
  • only the states restricted in issuing, [374];
  • renunciation of the right to issue, [243];
  • the secret reason of opposition to the constitution, [243].
• Pardon, (see also Executive,)
  • power of executive to, [351].
• Parker, J., review of The Federalist, [402].
• Paterson, William, biographies of, [435].
• Peabody, A. P., review by, [391].
• Pennsylvania, [33];
  • address to the citizens of, [385];
  • and the constitution, [412];
  • advantages from new constitution, [161];
  • aristocratic delegates in Federal convention from, [285];
  • debates in convention of, [418];
  • dissent of minority of convention, 102: [385];
  • forbids standing army in time of peace, [51]; [365];
  • general assembly under her constitution [152];
  • hasty conduct due to construction of legislature, [33];
  • hostile feeling towards New York, [96];
  • journal of the convention of, [419];
  • legislature of, [34];
  • opposition to division of congress, [30];
  • ratification by, [20];
  • trial by jury under constitution of, [148].
• People, desire for union of the, [17];
  • equal representation necessary in free government, [168]; [288];
  • position in adoption of constitution, [311];
  • real power with the, [6]; [57]; [147];
  • true influence of, [60]; [168]; [316].
• Pickering, Timothy, Life of, cited, [277].
• Pierce, B. K., [415].
• Pinckney, Charles, biographies of, [435];
  • pamphlet by, [419].
• Pinckney, Charles C., biographies of, [435].
• Plebeian, pseudonym of Melancthon Smith, [67]; [87]; [421].
• Police, internal, [292].
• President, see Executive. Press, Liberty of, [9]; [76];
  • congress without power over, [361];
  • failure to guarantee liberty of, [9]; [48]; [76]; [113];
  • needless to guarantee, [156];
  • powers of congress over, [316];
  • power to tax, [114].
• Printers, refusal of, to print against the constitution, [323].
• Production, difficulty in disposing of surplus, [73].
• Property, equal distribution of, the foundation of a republic, [61];
  • the basis of freedom, [60];
  • the real power, [57].
• Publicola, pseudonym of W. R. Davie, [391].
• Quakers, influenced by slave trade, [54].
• Ramsay, David, pamphlet by, [371]; [421].
• Randolph, Edmund, biographies of, [435];
  • cited, [343];
  • failure to sign constitution, 261; 271;
  • independence of, [20]; [271];
  • motion of, [272];
  • pamphlet by, [259]; [418]; [420].
• Ratification of the constitution, (see also Conventions, and each state.) [420];
  • celebrations of the ratifications of, [441];
  • improperly hurried, [18];
  • influences that cause opposition to, [165];
  • methods used to aid acceptance, [7];
  • of nine states improper, [14];
  • probability of, by each state, [20];
  • probability of nine states agreeing to, [104];
  • submittal to state legislatures and conventions, [272].
• Read, George, biographies of, [436].
• Religion, free exercise of, should be guaranteed, [315].
• Religious sentiment of America, [135].
• Religious test, none required, [146].
• Representation (see also Congress, Constitution,) [8]; [12]; [289];
  • and taxation inseparable, [148];
  • advantages of eastern states in, [375];
  • basis for, [263];
  • by wealth or population, [39];
  • direct taxation apportioned by, [310];
  • equality of the states in, [206];
  • inadequacy of, [12]; [300]; [303];
  • inequality in, [223];
  • improvement of, in constitution, [206];
  • origin of, [30];
  • possibilities of equal, [296];
  • in the constitution a compromise, [206];
  • superior in state governments, [293];
  • too small to secure liberty, [102];
  • treble method in, [178].
• Representatives, House of (see Congress, Constitution, Representation, Senate, Treaties,) [293];
  • comparison with house of commons, [42]; [143];
  • composition and powers of, [143]; [170]; [225]; [295];
  • difficulties in formation of, [297];
  • election of members of federal convention to, [221];
  • expense of, [299];
  • money bills in, [340];
  • no state to have less than one member in, [143];
  • proportion of members to population, [143];
  • qualifications of, [144];
  • reply to Mason’s opinion of, [255];
  • representation in, [12]; [337];
  • shadow of representation in, [329];
  • share in treaties, [355]; [376];
  • term of, [43];
  • the seat of local interests and parties, [41];
  • the voice of the separate states, [41].
• Republics, constitution of ancient, [189].
• Revenue (see also Impost, Taxation,)
  • all sources of, subject to general government, [11];
  • necessity of equalizing, [62].
• Revolutionary war caused by a difference concerning rights, [136].
• Rhode Island and the constitution, [438];
  • failure to choose representatives, [151];
  • senate of, [32].
• Robertson, David, [418]; [422].
• Rome, colonies of, [208];
  • constitution compared with proposed constitution, [35];
  • senate of, [42].
• Rowland, Kate M., [390].
• Russell, Benjamin, report of debates, [414].
• Rutledge, John, biographies of, [436].
• Sablière, T. de la, editor of The Federalist, [396].
• Sarum, English borough of, [143].
• Senate, (see also Congress, Constitution, Executive, Representation, Treaties,)
  • a compromise between contending interests, [158];
  • advantages of, [30];
  • appointing power of, [341];
  • a restraint on the House of Representatives, [141];
  • aristocratic tendencies in, [158];
  • compared with Roman and English senates, [148]; [171];
  • composition and powers of, [37]; [140]; [297]; [338];
  • conservative nature of, [340];
  • constitution of ancient, [189];
  • dangers from, [172]; [203];
  • dangerous powers of, [173]; [297]; [329];
  • detached from local prejudices, [142];
  • equal suffrage in, [38]; [40]; [207]; [275];
  • federal formation of, [297];
  • frequency of election of, [338];
  • House of Representatives a check on, [338];
  • irresponsibility of, [12];
  • length of term, [12]; [170];
  • mixture of functions in, [103]; [229]; [231]; [299];
  • money bills in, [340];
  • necessity to be small, [169];
  • power to remove officers, [142];
  • qualifications for, [42]; [141];
  • reply to Mason’s objections to, [255];
  • representation in the, [40]; [206];
  • the representatives of state sovereignties, [169]; [224];
  • uselessness of the, [34];
  • useless power of impeachment, [300];
  • vacancies in, [170].
• Sherman, Roger, biographies of, [436];
  • cited, [341].
• Shipping, (see also Commerce,) [73];
  • cessation of, [73];
  • decline of, [73];
  • necessities of encouraging, [377].
• Slavery, abolition of, would bring ruin, [54];
  • legislation left to the states, [54].
• Slaves, representation of, [319].
• Slave trade, desire of South Carolina and Georgia for continuance of, [367];
  • foundation for prevention of, [146];
  • interest of the eastern states to allow, [378];
  • lack of restriction on, [54];
  • necessity of the evil of, [367];
  • power to prohibit after twenty-one years, [378];
  • weakening effect of, [331].
• Smith, C. C., review by, [391].
• Smith, Melancthon, pamphlet by, [67]; [87]; [421].
• South Carolina, address to the freemen of, [371];
  • and the constitution, [440];
  • debates of legislature, [421];
  • local weakness of, [373];
  • protection of, [377].
• Southern confederacy, (see also Confederacy,)
  • proposition for, [270].
• Southern states, see States. Spraight, R. D., biographies of, [436].
• State Conventions, see Conventions, State. State Legislatures, (see also Constitution and each state,)
  • absorption of, [48]; [252];
  • a check on senators, [142];
  • control of commerce, [265];
  • division of, [30]; [32]; [33];
  • misbehaviour of, [254];
  • omitted in consideration of constitution, [14];
  • restraints on, [243].
• State Sovereignty, see Congress, Constitution, States. States, (see also Congress, Constitution, Judiciary, Jury, Representation, Senate, United States government, and each state,)
  • a check on the general government, [126]; [152];
  • all necessary for present exigencies, [96];
  • Bills of Rights in constitutions, [359];
  • boundaries of, [62];
  • cases between citizens and, [307];
  • civil war during the, [97]; [264]; [373];
  • constitution of, [286]; [289]; [294]; [299]; [320];
  • constitutional control of, [46]; [120]; [129]; [145]; [292];
  • constitutions and laws of, [262];
  • contention between, adjusted by general government, [120]; [267];
  • controversies between the, in the convention, [297];
  • delusory promise to guarantee republican government to, [11];
  • differences in the governments of, [291];
  • dissolution of, [268];
  • embarrassment of all issuing paper money, [374];
  • excluded from all agency in national government, [267];
  • failure to secure liberty and property, [55];
  • interest of, to unite, [373];
  • jurisdiction of, as opposed to national, [48]; [97]; [121]; [267]; [275]; [314];
  • necessity of coercive power against, [266];
  • partial confederacies of, 1[20]; [127]; [204]; [247]; [269]; [270]; [278];
  • power over their own citizens, [128];
  • protected from each other, [128];
  • rebellion in, [264];
  • reservations in constitutions of, [313];
  • separate interests of, [39];
  • sovereignty of, [11]; [14]; [38]; [46]; [179]; [207]; [379].
• ——Eastern, [357];
  • advantages from new constitution, [319];
  • advantages of encouraging the shipping of, [377];
  • future miserable condition of, [3];
  • loss of, by revolution, [377];
  • loss of markets by, [377];
  • representation of, [375].
• ——Southern, advantages of navy to, [374];
  • advantages to, of union, [319]; [374];
  • danger to, from commercial laws, [331];
  • future hopeless poverty of, [3];
  • gain of, by revolution, [377];
  • position of, if constitution is rejected, [378];
  • probable ascendency over eastern, [375];
  • representation of, [375].
• Stone, Frederick D., [412].
• Strong, Caleb, biographies of, [436].
• Taxation, absorption of production by national, [3];
  • and representation inseparable, [148]; [186];
  • certainty of increase under proposed government, [108];
  • direct, [160]; [253]; [310];
  • internal, [48]; [302];
  • laws of, interfering with state laws, [302];
  • method of collection, [49]; [253]; [310];
  • powers of congress over, [48]; [102]; [301]; [303];
  • relief from, [106]; [108].
• Tender laws, conduct of the state legislatures concerning, [284].
• Territories, see Constitution, Western Territory. Trade, (see also Commerce, Treaties,) [73]; [379];
  • balance against the U. S., [107];
  • congressional power over, [107];
  • necessity of government to, [7];
  • regulation of, approved by the eastern states, [319].
• Treaties, (see also Commerce, Congress, Executive, Representatives, Senate,)
  • dangers arising from, [312];
  • dangers of making them the supreme law, [311];
  • necessity of commercial, [358];
  • of the confederation not binding under, [317];
  • power of Executive and Senate in, [376];
  • powers to make, [356];
  • safer in new government than under the confederation, [376];
  • should not be trusted to House of Representatives, [376];
  • the supreme law of the land, [355];
  • undue influence of Executive and Senate in, [331].
• Tucker, J. R., History of the Convention, [422].
• Tyler, M. C., [416].
• Union, not possible without adequate power, [122];
  • true friends of opposed to constitution, [7].
• United States, condition of, [94]; [281];
  • credit of, [244];
  • extension of, [203];
  • future additions to, [248];
  • future of, [208];
  • is it too large for one, [13]; [122]; [127]; [204]; [247];
  • necessity of supreme government for, [119];
  • neglect of laws of, [293];
  • opulence of, [270];
  • parties in, [321];
  • position if constitution is rejected, [378];
  • suitable government for, [119]; [127]; [286].
• United States, Government of, a moderate aristocracy [332];
  • checks on, [152];
  • composition of, [292];
  • control over the states, [120]; [129]; [145]; [292];
  • dangers of weak, [119];
  • division of, [228];
  • great increase in cost predicted, [108];
  • institution of, after the separation from England, [136];
  • lack of, during the revolution, [136];
  • necessary concessions in order to form, [265];
  • necessary conditions of, [289];
  • necessary powers of, [120]; [129]; [287]; [301];
  • necessity of, [280];
  • not restricted from issuing paper money, [374];
  • powers must be equal to territory, [123];
  • responsibility to foreign nations, [266];
  • separate functions of, [225];
  • tendency of, [369];
  • unreasonable accumulation of powers in, [299];
  • want of independence in departments of, [103]; [229].
• Vermont, probable combination with New Jersey and Connecticut in opposition to New York, [84].
• Veto power, see Executive. Vice-President, (see also Executive,)
  • method of selection, [330]; [349];
  • position in Senate, [350];
  • qualifications of, [310];
  • necessary, [298].
• Virginia, alterations wished by, in constitution, [275];
  • and the constitution, [441];
  • debates in convention of, [422];
  • delay in appointing convention, [250];
  • delegates to federal convention, [284];
  • hesitation of, to ratify, [20];
  • journal of convention of, [423];
  • possibility of her obtaining a partial confederacy, [269].
• Warrants, insecurity from, [12];
  • protection from, [315].
• Washington, George, [64]; [67]; [390];
  • biographies of, [436];
  • dedication to, [218];
  • letters to, [327];
  • opinion of, [350];
  • opinion of The Federalist, [395].
• Webb, S. B., [67].
• Webster, Noah, pamphlet by, [25]; [423];
  • reply to minority of Pa. convention, [385];
  • review by, [67]; [87]; [217].
• Webster, Pelatiah, pamphlet by, [118]; [424].
• Wells, John, editor of The Federalist, [397].
• Western posts, method of obtaining, [96].
• Western Territory, claims of the states to, [239];
  • question of ownership, [317].
• West Indies, exclusion of American vessels from, [73];
  • will be opened to trade by new government, [379].
• Williamson, Hugh, [424];
  • biographies of, [436].
• Wilson, James, [242]; [390]; [412];
  • biographies of, [436];
  • cited, [336];
  • invents title of “Federal Republic,” [8];
  • speech of, [134]; [155]; [385]; [425].
• Witherspoon, D., quotation from letters of, [333].
• Writs of Assistance in Massachusetts, [13].
• Wyoming, action of Pennsylvania legislature in reference to, [33].
• Wythe, George, biographies of, [437].
• Yates, Robert, [425]; [424];
  • biographies of, [437].

FINIS.