INDEX OF VOLUME V

N. B.—Figures in Italics indicate major references.

A Highland Lad My Love was Born (Scotch folk-song), [113].
Abdominal breathing, [4]f.
Abyssinians, [86].
Acoustics (rel. to human voice), [13].
Adam de la Halle, [138].
Adams, Stephen, [327].
Adaptive change, [2].
Adeste Fideles, [113].
African folk-songs, [105].
Agricola, Martin, [164].
Airs du cour, [166].
Albéniz, Isaac, [120].
Albert, Heinrich, [162]f.
America, (folk-music) [129];
(song-writers), [298], [319]ff, [322]f.
Anatomy of the vocal organs, [1]-[23].
Ancient methods of vocal culture, [30]ff.
An die ferne Geliebte (Beethoven), [154]f.
André, Johann, [191]f.
‘Annie Laurie,’ [107], [113].
Archilei, Vittoria, [40].
Arensky, Antony, [368].
Aria, (da capo form), [154]ff;
(development), [172]ff;
(German), [175].
Arioso, [175].
Aristotle, [55].
Arne, [Dr.] Thomas, [171].
Arnold, Samuel, [172].
Art-ballad (German), [272]ff.
Art-song, (compared with folk-song) [72], [89]ff;
(early rise and decline), [151]ff;
(in 17th cent.), [162]ff;
(rise of modern), [186]ff.
Articulation, [3], [16]ff, [63]ff.
Artificial soprano, [44].
Athens, early vocal culture in, [32]f.
Assyria, vocal culture in, [30].
Auld Lang Syne, [72]f, [102], [112]f.

Bach, Johann Sebastian, (spiritual songs), [147];
(secular songs), [164];
(in rel. to German song), [175].
Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel (Geistliche Lieder), [189]f.
Balakireff, Mily, [127], [365].
Balfe, Michael, [267].
Ballad form, (compared to lyric form), [202];
(Schubert), [225]f;
(Löwe), [272]ff.
Ballad opera, (18th cent.), [170]ff;
(19th cent.), [267].
Bantock, Granville, [372]f.
Baritone voice, [62].
Bass voice, [14].
Bassani, Giovanni Battista, [160].
Beethoven, [96], [177], [184], [187], [193], [196].
An die ferne Geliebte, [154]f.
In questa tomba, [184].
Busslied, [184].
‘Beggar’s Opera,’ [170]f.
Behnke, [28].
Bel canto, [16], [29], [44], [158]f.
Benedict, Julius, [267].
Béranger, [260]f.
Bergerette, [166]f, [179]f, [204].
Berlioz, Hector, [262]ff.
Bierbaum, Otto Julius, [331].
Bishop, [Sir] Henry, [105], [172], [267].
Bizet, Georges, [315].
Blondel (minstrel), [137]f.
Bohemian folk-songs, [127]f.
Bologna (early music school in), [37].
Borodine, Alexander, [128], [365]f.
Brahms, Johannes, [125], [276]-[290].
Æolian Harp, [286].
Anklänge, [285].
As the Clouds, [285].
Before the Window, [282].
Consolation of Spring, [288].
Fidelity, [284].
Going to My Sweetheart, [282].
Gold Outweighs Love, [288].
Gypsy Songs, [277]f, [282]f.
Have a Care, [288].
Hey, Bow and Arrow, [287].
Hey, Ye Gypsies, [283].
I Call from the Bank, [288].
Is it Sorrow, [287].
Joy Hath Left Me, [282].
Lament, [282].
Longing, [282].
Love and Spring, [284].
[The] Lover’s Oath, [282].
Magyar Love Song, [288].
[The] Maiden, [282]f.
[The] Maiden’s Curse, [288]f.
Minnelied, [289].
Motionless Air, [288].
[The] Mournful One, [282].
Nicht mehr zu dir zu gehen, [286].
Nightingale, [285].
[The] Nut Brown Lad, [283].
Oh, Come, Holy Summer Night, [288].
Oh, kühler Wald, [289].
Oh, Would I Knew the Returning Road, [288].
On Sunday Morning, [288].
Red Evening Clouds, [283].
Remembrance, [288].
Rest, Sweet Love, [287].
[The] Return, [285].
Sapphic Ode, [289].
Serenade, [282].
[The] Smith, [285].
So steh’n wir, ich and meine Weide, [287].
[The] Song of Herr von Falkenstein, [287]f.
Spanish Song, [285].
Three Roses in a Row, [283].
Twilight Falls, [288].
Vain Serenade, [289].
Volkslied, [282].
Wie bist du, meine Königin, [287].
With, Eternal Love, [287].
Breath control, [58].
Breathing, [1]ff;
(faulty methods) [65].
Breathing exercises, [60]f.
Browne and Behnke (‘Voice, Song and Speech’), [28].
Bruneau, Alfred, [356]f.
[The] Brunette, [166].
Bungert, August, [312].
Burns, Robert, [91], [95]f, [113]f.
Burton, Frederick R., [42].

Caccini, Giulio, [47]ff, [154].
Amarilla, [159].
Cadman, Charles Wakefield, [105].
Caffarelli, [44].
Caldara, Antonio, [160].
Caller Herrin (Scotch song), [113].
Cambio, Perrisone, [153].
[The] Campbells are Coming, [112]f.
Canadian folk-songs, [375]ff.
Cantus firmus, [148]f.
Carey, Henry, [171].
Carissimi, Giacomo, [160].
Catholic Church. See Roman Catholic Church.
Cavalli, Francesco, [159]f.
Cavatina, [175].
Chabrier, Emmanuel, [354].
Chaldea (ancient), vocal culture in, [30].
Chaminade, Cécile, [318].
Chanson, [166].
Charlemagne, [131].
Charlie is My Darling (Scotch folk-song), [113].
Charpentier, Gustave, [358].
Chausson, Ernest, [355].
Cherubini, Luigi, [49]f.
Chest cavity, [4]f.
Chest register, [11]f.
Chest resonance, [14]f, [62]ff.
Chinese scale, [86].
Chivalry (influence of, on song), [136]ff.
Choir master, in early Roman church, [33]ff.
Choir schools, [33]ff.
Chopin, Frédéric, [256].
Chorale, [147].
Church, Roman, (early vocal culture in), [33]ff;
(early music of), [130]f;
(use of popular music in), [148].
See also Greek Catholic Church; Lutheran Church.
Classic song (The), [151]-[185].
Coloratura, [39]ff, [155]ff, [160].
Comic opera (French), [166], [179].
Conservatoire method of singing, [49]f.
Consonants, [17]f, [64], [66].
Coquard, Arthur, [319].
Cornelius, Peter, [298], [302]ff.
Counterpoint, [24], [35]ff, [129], [149], [153];
(modern), [343], [345].
Courts of Love, [139]f.
Cowen, Frederick, [327].
Crescendo (vocal), [15].
Cricoid cartilage, [6]ff.
Cui, César, [366].
Curschmann, Karl Friedrich, [256].

Da capo form, [154]ff, [172], [175].
Dalayrac, Nicolas, [180].
Dance, (primitive), [83];
(popularity of, in Italy), [120].
Danish folk-songs, [123].
Dargomijsky, Alexander, [349], [364]f, [365].
Darwin, Charles (theory of origin of song), [87].
David, Félicien, [315].
Davy, John, [172].
Debussy, Claude, [346], [356];
(compared with Charpentier), [358];
(his songs), [358]ff;
(compared with M. Ravel), [362];
(influenced by Moussorgsky), [367].
Declamation, art of (in ancient Athens), [32];
(compared with recitative), [202]f.
Dehmel, Richard, [331].
Delivery, in singing, [97].
Denmark, folk-songs of, [123].
Denza, Luigi, [323].
Der du von dem Himmel bist (settings of Liszt and Schubert compared), [294].
Descriptive music, [219]f.
Diaphragm, [4]f.
Dibdin, Charles, [172].
Dissonance, unprepared, [159], [162].
Doric mode, in Irish folk-song, [114].
Dramatic recitative, influence of, on solo singing, [42].
Drinking, effect of, on singer’s organism, [19].
Du bist wie eine Blume (Schumann), [240];
(Liszt), [294];
(Rubinstein), [324].
Dufay, Guillaume, [148].
Duparc, Henri, [355].
Durchkomponiertes Lied, [176]f.
Dutch folk-song, [108].
Dutrochet, cited, [56].
Dvořák, Anton, [312].

Ear control of voice, [28]f, [52]f.
Eating, effect of, on singer’s organism, [19].
Ecclesiastical modes. See Modes.
Education, musical, [viii]-ff.
Edward (settings of Löwe and Brahms), [275].
Egypt, vocal culture in, [30].
Ein Fichtenbaum steht einsam (settings of Schumann and Lassen), [307].
Eleanor of Aquitaine, [140].
Elgar, Edward, [371]f.
England, (folk-song), [104], [108]ff;
(mediæval minstrels), [34], [38], [132];
(classic song), [167]ff;
(songs of early 19th cent.), [266], [267]f;
(late romantics), [298], [326]ff;
(modern lyricists), [371]ff.
English ballad-opera, [170]ff, [267].
English folk-song, [167]ff.
Enunciation, [66].
Erlking, (Schubert), [193]f, [203], [205], [209], [225];
(Löwe), [274].
Es ist bestimmt (Mendelssohn), [107].
Ethmoid sinus, [15].
Expiration, in correct breathing, [5].
Expressive style. See Representative style.

Fabricius of Aquapendente, [55]f.
Falsetto, [62].
Farinelli, [44].
Fasolo, G. B., [160].
Fauré, Gabriel, [347], [349]ff.
Ferrein (anatomist), [56].
Fétis, F. J., cited, [27].
Fielitz, Alexander von, [310]f.
Finck, Henry T., cited, [319].
Finland, modern, [370]f.
Fiorituri, [41].
[The] Fisher (folk-song), [119];
(Schubert), [212].
[The] Fisher Boy, (Schubert), [226];
(Liszt), [292]f.
Florid song. See Coloratura, Ornamentation.
Folk-song, [25], [70]-[99], [100]ff, [147]f, [150], [308]ff, [337];
(English), [110]f, [167]ff;
(Scotch), [111]ff;
(Irish), [113]f;
(French), [115]f, [164]f;
(Italian), [116]ff, [153], [266]ff;
(Spanish), [119]f, [364]ff;
(German), [120]f, [162]f, [191]f, [229]f;
(Scandinavian), [121], [299], [301]f;
(Hungarian), [122]ff;
(Russian), [125]ff;
(Norwegian), [121], [369];
(Bohemian), [127]f;
(Polish), [128];
(influence on art-song), [152]ff;
(compared to early church song), [164]f;
(influence on Schubert), [205].
See also Songs in the folk-manner.
‘Forward tone,’ [64]f.
Foster, Stephen C., [107], [129], [163]f.
France, (mediæval minstrels), [133]f;
(Troubadours), [136]ff;
(classic song), [164]ff, [178]ff;
(romantic period), [258]ff;
(late romantics), [298], [313]ff.
Franck, César, [354]f.
Franz, Robert, [268]ff;
(compared with Brahms), [278];
(compared with Grieg), [299]f;
(compared with Hugo Wolf), [334]f.
French folk-song, [115]ff;
(in 16th cent.), [164]f.
French-Canadian folk-songs, [375]f.
French comic opera, [179].
French influence, (on early German song), [164];
(on early English song), [168]f.
French lyricism, modern, [346]-[363].
Frottola, [153].
Funicula, (Italian folk-song), [103];
(Denza), [323].

Gagnon (collector of French-Canadian songs), [118].
Galen (anatomist), [55].
Galilei, Vincenzo, [154].
García, Manuel, [10], [57]f.
Gastoldi, Giacomo, [153].
Geibel, Emmanuel, [330]f.
German folk-song, [106]f, [119], [120]ff;
(in rel. to the singspiel), [191]f.
German opera, [176], [228].
German vowels, [16].
Germany (attitude of, toward folk-songs, compared with England’s), [109];
(mediæval minstrels), [132], [141]ff;
(Meistersinger), [144]ff;
(Reformation), [147]f, [150];
(classical song), [162]ff;
(song in 18th cent.), [175]ff;
(time of Schubert), [197], [198]ff, [227]f;
(Schumann), [231]ff;
(romantics after Schumann), [298], [302]ff;
(since Franco-Prussian War), [330]ff. See also German folk-song.
Gibbons, Orlando, [167].
Glazounoff, Alexander, [368].
Glinka, Michail Ivanovitch, [127], [257].
Glottis, [12]f, [21], [55]f;
(correct management of), [61].
Gluck, Christoph Willibald, [177];
influence on Berlioz, [263].
God Save the King, [171].
Godard, Benjamin, [317]f.
Goethe, [193], [198]f;
(quoted on the ballad form), [274].
Gordigiani, Luigi, [266].
Goring-Thomas, Arthur, [298], [327]f, [371].
Gossec, François Joseph, [183].
Gounod, Charles François, [278]f, [298], [313]f.
Graben-Hoffmann, Gustav, [312].
Graun, Johann Gottlieb, [164].
Great Britain, folk-songs of, [108]ff.
See also England.
Greece, [167].
Greek Catholic Church, [40]f.
Grétry, André Erneste Modeste, [180].
Grieg, Edvard, [299]ff.
[The] Swan, [300].
Guido d’Arezzo, [34].
Guilbert, Yvette, [111].
Gypsies, [123]f.
Gypsy songs. See Brahms.

Hahn, Reynaldo, [319].
Handel, George Frederick, [171].
Harmonics, vocal, [15].
Harmony, (in early Italian part-songs), [153]f;
(in 17th cent. French song), [166];
(Wagner), [291]f;
(Arnold Schönberg), [343];
(modern French school), [348]ff;
(Alfred Bruneau), [356];
(Dargomijsky), [364].
Harp, mediæval, [136].
[The] Harp That Once Through Tara’s Halls (Irish folk-song), [114].
Hassler, Hans Leo, [162].
Haydn, Joseph, [177]f, [187].
Head cavities, [16]f.
Head register, [12].
Health, influence of, on singing, [18].
Hebrews, early vocal culture of, [30]ff, [40]f.
Heidenröslein (Schubert), [107].
Heine, Heinrich, [224]f, [233]ff, [248]f.
Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von (quoted), [16], [58].
Henderson, W. J. (cited), [207]f.
Henry VIII, King of England, [110].
Henschel, Georg, [308]ff.
Herder, Johann Gottfried, [110].
Heyse, Paul, [331].
Hiller, Johann Adam, [176]f, [191], [197].
Himmel, Friedrich Heinrich, [229].
Hippocrates, [55].
Hoffmannsthal, Hugo von, [331].
Holland, folk-songs of, [108].
Holmès, Augusta Mary Anne, [319].
Home, Sweet Home, [105].
Hook, James, [172].
Huë, George Adolphe, [319].
Hugo, Victor, [259]f.
Humfrey, Pelham, [168]f.
Hungarian folk-songs, [122]ff.
Hygiene of the voice, [1]-[23].
Hymns, in Lutheran Church, [147].

I Hear a Mill Go Tick-Tack (French folk-song), [117].
Ich hab’ im Traum geweinet (settings of Schumann and Lassen), [307].
Impressionistic school, [346]-[363].
Indians (American), folk-songs of, [72]f, [105], [129].
[d’]Indy, Vincent, [355]f, [358].
Inspiration (physical action), [3]ff.
Instruments of mediæval minstrels, [136].
Ionian mode, [167].
Ippolitoff-Ivanoff, Michael, [368].
Ireland, folk-songs of, [108]f, [113]ff.
It was a Dream (settings of Schumann and Lassen), [307].
Italian folk-songs, [116]f, [153], [266].
Italian influence on German music, [164].
Italian method of vocal culture, [24]-[54], [68]f.
Italian opera, (rise of), [151]f, [155]ff;
(influence of, in Germany), [164];
(in England), [170]f;
(and the aria), [172]ff.
Italy, (Trovatori), [138];
(classical song), [151]ff;
(18th-19th cent.), [265]f;
(late romantics in), [298], [323].
See also Italian folk-songs.

Jadassohn, Salomon, [256].
James II, King of England, [169].
Japan, primitive song of, [86].
Java, primitive music of, [86].
Jensen, Adolf, [303], [305]ff.
Jerusalem (ancient), vocal culture in, [31]f, [40]f.
Jesos Ahatonhia (old French song), [117].
Joke-songs, Italian, [120].
Jongleurs, (origin of the name), [132];
(music of), [132]ff.
Jugglers, [132]ff.

Kehlkopf. See Larynx.
Keiser, Reinhard, [164].
Kiesewetter, Raphael Georg, [40].
[The] King of Thule (settings of Schubert and Liszt), [226];
(Liszt), [293]f.
Kittredge, G. L. (cited), [75].
Kjerulf, Halfdan, [311]f.
Korbay, Francis Alexander, [126].
Kreutzer, Conrad, [228].

Ladré, [181].
Lamartine, [260].
Laryngeal action, [60]f.
Laryngoscope, [10], [12]f;
(influence of on modern voice culture), [45], [55], [57]f.
Larynx, [6]ff.
Lassen, Eduard, [307]f.
Lawes, Henry, [168].
Lehman, Liza, [328]f.
Leise, leise (Weber), [107].
Lekeu, Guillaume, [355].
Léroux, Xavier, [318]f.
Lied. See Germany (classic song, etc.).
Lieder-singer, art of the, [93]f, [97].
Liliencron, Detlev von, [331].
Lindpainter, Peter Joseph von, [229].
Lineva (Mme.), [125]ff.
Lips (in singing), [3].
Liscovius, [56].
Lisle, Rouget de, [182].
Liszt, Franz, (Hungarian Rhapsodies), [123], [125];
(King of Thule), [226];
(songs), [292]ff.
Loch Lomond, [113].
[Die] Loreley, (Silcher), [230];
(settings by Liszt and Silcher compared), [293].
Lortzing, Albert, [228].
Love, influence of, on early song, [137], [139]f.
Love-songs, primitive, [81].
Loewe, Johann Carl Gottfried, [226], [272]ff.
Ludwig the Pious, [131].
Lungs (in singing), [1], [2]ff.
Lute, [136].
Luther, Martin, [147].
Lutheran Church, [122], [147].
Lydian mode, [167].
Lyric form, compared to ballad form, [202].
Lyric impulse, [85]ff.

MacDowell, Edward, [298], [319]ff.
Mackenzie, [Sir] Morell, cited, [18].
Madrigal, [149]f, [153]f, [157];
(English), [167].
Mahler, Gustav, [336]ff.
Major mode, [148]f, [167].
See also Scales.
Male soprano, [44].
Mancini, Giovanni Battista, [49].
Mandl, Louis, [58].
Mannstein, Heinrich F., [27], [56]f.
Mark, Adolph Bernhard, [56]f.
Marot, Clément, [165].
Marschner, Heinrich, [228].
Marseillaise, [72], [182]f.
Martinengo-Cæsaresco, Countess, [70]f, [80].
Marx, Joseph, [345].
Massenet, Jules, [317], [358].
Mastersingers, rise of, [144]ff, [150].
Maybrick, M. See Adams, Stephen.
Mazarin, Cardinal, [165].
‘Mazarinades,’ [165].
Méhul, Étienne Nicolas, [49], [183].
Meistersinger (rise of), [144]ff, [150].
[Die] Meistersinger (Wagner), [142].
Melody (in primitive song), [76], [83]f;
(in early folk-song), [153]f;
(modern French school), [348]ff, [363].
Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Felix, [107], [254]f.
Mengozzi, Bernardo, [49]f.
Mercadante, Giuseppe, [265]f.
Merkel, Karl Ludwig, [58].
Methfessel, Albert Gottlieb, [229].
Méthode de Chant du Conservatoire de Musique, [49]f.
Methods (vocal), standardization of, [59].
Meyer-Helmund, Eric, [312].
Mezzo-soprano, [62].
Minnesingers, (rise of), [141]ff;
(nature and value of their songs), [143]f.
Minor mode, in Russian folk-song, [127]f.
Minstrels, [25], [75], [77], [131]ff.
Modern scientific methods, of vocal culture, [55]-[69].
Modes. See Major mode, Minor mode; Ionian mode; Lydian mode.
Modes, ecclesiastical, [135], [145], [152].
Modulation (Schubert), [208]f.
Mon Cri Cra, Tir’ la Liretta (French-Canadian folk-song), [375].
Monodic style, [39], [153]ff, [162], [172]f.
Monpou, François Louis Hippolyte, [265].
Monsigny, Pierre Alexandre, [116], [180].
Monteverdi, Claudio, [43], [155], [159], [172]f.
Moore, [Sir] Thomas, [113]f.
Möricke, Eduard, [331].
Moszkowski, Moritz, [326].
Moussorgsky, Modeste, [128], [365], [367]f.
Mouth (in singing), [3].
Mouth-pharynx, [14]ff;
(resonance), [63]ff.
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, [178], [187]ff, [205].
The Violet, [178].
Müller, Johannes, [56].
Muset, Colin, jongleur, [134].
Musette, [166].
Musical education, [viii]-ff.
Musset, Alfred de, [261].

Nägeli, Hans Georg, [229].
Nahua Indians, [86].
Naples, folk-songs of, [119]. See also Italian folk-songs.
Napoleon I, [183], [260]f.
Nasal resonance, [14]ff, [62]ff.
Naumann, Karl Ernst, [143].
Neapolitan folk-songs, [119]. See also Italian folk-songs.
Nevin, Ethelbert, [322]f.
Newman, Ernest (cited), [334].
Norway (folk-songs), [123];
(modern song-writers), [369].
See also Scandinavia.
Norwegian folk-songs, [369].
Nose (in singing), [3].
[Le] Nuove Musiche (Caccini), [47]ff.

O, Mama mia (Italian folk-song), [119].
O, ma tendre Musette (French folk-song), [116].
‘Observations on the Florid Song’ (Tosi), [49].
‘Ode to Joy’ (Schiller), [192].
Odes, German, [175].
Old Italian Method, [24]-[25], [68]f.
Opera (rise of), [151]f, [155]ff;
(in England), [170]ff;
(German), [176], [228];
(Italian), [164], [172]ff.
Opéra comique, [166], [179].
Oratorio, [151], [156].
Orient, music of, [42].
Ornamentation, [31]f, [39]ff, [124]f.
Overtones, vocal, [15].

Paesiello, Giovanni, [161]f.
Pagan song, [130]ff.
Palate (in singing), [15].
Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi, [38].
Paris Conservatory, vocal method of, [49]f.
Part-song, [149]f, [153].
[Le] Pauvre laboureur (French folk-song), [116].
Pentatonic scale, in Scotch folk-songs, [112].
Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, [161].
‘Persian Songs’ (Rubinstein), [325].
Pharynx, [3].
Philidor, François-André-Danican, [180].
Philip Augustus, King of France, [133].
Pianoforte, [231].
Pianoforte style, [236]ff, [240], [295].
Pierné, Gabriel, [318].
Pinsuti, Caro, [266].
Piper of Dundee (Scotch song), [113].
Pitch, determination of (vocal), [11]f.
Placing of the voice. See Voice placing.
Plato, [167].
Poetry, ancient, in relation to song, [75]ff.
Polish folk-songs, [128]f.
Polyphonic style, influence of, on vocal culture, [35]ff.
Polyphony, [149], [153], [166];
(modern), [362].
Primitive song. See Folk-song.
Protestant Church. See Lutheran Church.
Provençal song. See Troubadours and Trouvères.
Psychological theory of tone production, [28]f.
Psychology (in relation to music), [245]f.
‘Psychology of Singing’ (Taylor), [28].
Purcell, Henry, [169]f.

Rachmaninoff, Sergei, [128], [369].
Raff, Joachim, [312].
Ramis de Pareja, [37].
Range of human voice, [14].
Ravel, Maurice, [358], [362]f.
Realism, in songs of Schubert, [210]f.
Recitative, (influence of, on solo singing), [42];
(compared with declamation), [202]f;
(in songs of Schubert), [241].
Recitativo secco, [156].
[The] Red Sarafan (Russian folk-song), [127].
Reformation, [147], [150].
Reger, Max, [340]ff, [371].
Registers, vocal, [11]ff, [61]f.
Reichardt, Johann Friedrich, [192]f, [195].
Reimann, Heinrich (cited), [125]f.
Reinecke, Karl, [255]f.
Religion, influence of, on primitive song, [78].
Remember the Glories of Brian the Brave (Irish folk-song), [114].
Renaissance, [150].
Representative style, [162].
See also Monodic style.
Resonance, laws of, [58].
Resonance cavities, [1], [2]f, [13]ff;
(control of), [62]ff.
Respiratory system, [2]ff.
Rimsky-Korsakoff, Nicholas, [365]f.
Rhythm, (in primitive song), [83];
(in Italian folk-songs), [120];
(in Spanish song), [121]f;
(in Hungarian music), 124f.
Roman church (early vocal culture
in), [33]ff;
(introduction of popular music), [148].
Romance, (French), [166];
(in French opera), [179]f.
Romantic poetry, [231]ff.
Romantic song, [231]ff;
(in France), [258]ff;
(after Schumann), [296]ff;
(in Russia, Scandinavia and England), [364]ff.
Romanticism, (Schubert), [186]f;
(Schumann), [248]f.
Ropartz, J. Guy, [318].
Rousseau, Jean Jacques, [179]f.
Rubinstein, Anton, [127], [323]ff, [364].
Rule Britannia, [171]f.
Russia, (Glinka), [257];
(late romantics), [298], [323]ff;
(modern lyricists), [364]ff.
Russian folk-songs, [105], [125]ff, [364]ff.

Sachs, Hans, [146].
Saint-Saëns, Camille, [315]ff.
Sally in Our Alley (Carey), [171].
Savart, Félix, [56].
Scales, [84], [86];
(modern), [152]f;
(major), [165].
See also Whole-tone scale.
Scandinavia (modern), [369]f.
Scandinavian folk-songs, [123], [299], [301]f.
Scarlatti, Alessandro, [156]f, [159], [161].
O cessate di piagarmi, [157].
Scena, [202].
Schiller, [199].
Schönberg, Arnold, [342]ff.
Schopenhauer (cited), [87].
Schrecker, Franz, [345].
Schubert, Franz, [89]f, [91]f, [107], [177], [186]-[230], [231];
(compared with Schumann), [235]f, [238];
(compared with Liszt), [293]f;
(compared with Hugo Wolf), [331]f, [334].
[Die] Allmacht, [208], [214].
Am Meer, [210], [225].
Aufenthalt, [210], [225].
Ave Maria, [206].
Courage, [221]ff.
Dead Flowers, [219].
Death and the Maiden, [209], [212].
Death Music, [204].
Der du von dem Himmel bist, [294].
[Der] Doppelgänger, [207], [225].
[The] Erl King, [193]f, [203], [205], [209], [225].
[The] Fisher, [212].
[The] Fisher Boy, [226].
Fülle der Liebe, [204].
[Der] greise Kopf, [221].
Gretchen am Spinnrad, [155].
Gretchen’s Prayer, [214].
Harper’s Song, [212].
Heather Rose, [212].
Hermann and Thusnelda, [226].
Ihr Bild, [206], [225].
Im Dorfe, [221].
[The] Inn, [221], [223].
[The] King of Thule, [226].
Kolma’s Complaint, [226].
[Die] liebe Farbe, [218]f.
[Der] Lindenbaum, [107], [212], [222].
Litany, [211].
Morning Greeting, [217].
Müllerlieder (song cycle), [209], [212], [215]ff.
Nebensonnen, [223].
[The] Organ Grinder, [223]f.
[The] Post, [221].
Praise of Tears, [212].
Rest, [221].
Schwanengesang (song cycle), [215].
Sea Calm, [213].
Serenade, [224].
[The] Signpost, [222].
[The] Singer, [226].
Suleika’s Second Song, [210].
Swan Songs, [224]f.
Täuschung, [221].
[The] Trout, [210], [212]f.
Viola, [204].
[The] Wanderer, [202], [205], [213].
Wandering, [216], [218].
Wanderer’s Evensong, [214].
[Der] Wegweiser, [221].
Whither, [216]f, [219]f.
Will-o’-the-Wisp, [220].
Winterreise (song cycle), [201], [206], [220]ff.
[Das] Wirtshaus. See [The] Inn.
The Young Nun, [214], [216].
Schola cantorum. See choir schools.
Schulz, Johann, [192].
Schumann, Clara, [254].
Schumann, Robert, [184], [231]-[257];
(and Robert Franz), [268], [270];
(his setting of Two Grenadiers compared with Wagner’s), [290]f;
(his settings of Heine poems compared with Lassen’s), [307].
A Young Man Loved a Maiden, [252].
[Die] alten, bösen Lieder (The Old and Evil Songs), [253].
An den Sonnenschein, [242]f.
An das Trinkglass, [242].
[Die] beiden Grenadiere (The Two Grenadiers), [242].
Blondels Lied, [242].
Das ist ein Flöten und Geigen, [250].
Dichterliebe (cycle), [238], [248]ff.
Du bist wie eine Blume, [240].
Du Ring an meinem Finger, [245]f.
Each Night in Dreams, [253].
Fair Hedwig, [254].
Frauenliebe und Leben (song cycle), [238], [244]ff.
From Out My Tears, [251].
Frühlingsnacht (Spring Night), [243].
[The] Glove, [254].
He, the Noblest of All, [246].
Helft mir, ihr Schwestern, [245].
[Der] Hidalgo, [241].
[The] Highland Cradle Song, [24]Of.
The Highlander’s Farewell, [240]f.
I Wept in My Dreams, [253].
I cannot grasp it, I cannot believe it, [245]f.
Ich grolle nicht, [249], [252].
In the Wondrous Lovely Month of May, [251].
Intermezzo, [243].
Lass mich ihm am Busen hängen, [240].
Liederkreis (song cycle), [243].
[The] Lion’s Bride, [241].
[Die] Lotusblume, [240].
Mondnacht, [243]f.
Mit Myrthen und Rosen (cycle), [239].
Myrthen, [239].
[Der] Nussbaum, [240].
On the Bright Summer Morning, [252]f.
Poet’s Love (cycle), [238], [248]ff.
Romances and Ballades, [248].
[The] Rose, the Lily, the Dove, the Sun, [251].
Schöne Wiege meiner Leiden, [239].
Seit ich ihn gesehen, [245].
Somebody, [240]f.
Stille Liebe, [242].
Stille Thränen, [242].
Stirb, Lieb und Freund, [242].
Talismane, [240].
Waldesgespräch, [243], [306].
Wanderlust, [242].
Western Divan, [253].
When I Into the Garden Go, [253].
When I Look Into Thine Eyes, [251].
Widmung, [96]f, [239].
Wilhelm Meister songs, [253].
Woman’s Life and Love (cycle), [238], [244]ff.
Scientific methods of vocal culture, [55]-[69].
Scotch folk-songs, [108]f, [111]ff;
(compared with Irish), [114]f.
Scotch songs (Edward MacDowell), [320].
Scots Wha Hae, [91], [112]f.
Scott, Cyril, [373]f.
Scott, [Sir] Walter, [110].
Shakespeare, [149], [168].
Sharp, Cecil, [107], [109]ff.
Sibelius, Jean, [370]f.
Sicilian folk-song, [119].
Sight-singing, [34]ff.
Silcher, Friedrich, [107], [229]f, [293].
Sinding, Christian, [369].
Singing, (as physical exercise), [18];
(‘style’ in), [97]f;
(technique of), see Vocal culture, Tone production.
Singspiel, [175]f, [190]ff.
Sjögren, Emil, [369]f.
Slavic folk-songs, [125]ff.
‘Slide of the glottis,’ [61].
Sol-fa system, [34].
Solo singing, [24];
(florid style), [32];
(before 17th cent.), [38]ff.
Somervell, Arthur, [371].
Song, value of, [vii];
(nature and origin of), [70]-[99];
(early development), [130]-[150].
See also Classic song; Folk-song; Romantic song.
Song-cycle, [215], [220].
Song of Roland, [135].
Songs in the folk-manner, [106]f, [229]f;
(Brahms), [278], [281]ff, [289];
(Henschel), [308]ff;
(Mahler), [337].
Soprano, [14], [62]. See also Artificial soprano.
Spain (Trobadores), [138].
Spanish folk-songs, [119]f.
Spencer, Herbert (theory of origin of song), [88].
Sinuses, [15].
Spohr, Ludwig, [183].
Stile rappresentativo. See Representative style; also Monody.
Stimulants, effect of, on singer’s organism, [19].
Strauss, Richard, [338]ff.
Stravinsky, Igor, [362].
‘Stroke of the glottis,’ [61].
Style, in singing, [98]f.
Sullivan, [Sir] Arthur, [326]f.
Sumer is icumen in, [150].
Sweden (modern), [369]f.
Swedish folk-songs, [123].
[The] Sword Shining Brightly (Irish folk-song), [114].

Taneieff, Sergius, [368].
Tannhäuser, [142].
Taubert, Karl Gottfried Wilhelm, [256].
Technique. See also Vocal Culture.
Teeth (in singing), [3].
Telemann, Georg Philipp, [164].
Temples (ancient), vocal culture in, [30]ff, [40]f.
Tenaglia, [156].
Tenor voice, [62].
Thomas, Ambroise, [315].
Thomas, Arthur Goring, [298], [327]f, [371].
Throat (ailments), [20]ff;
(relaxation of), [60]f.
Throaty production, [65].
Thyroid cartilage, [6]ff.
Tobacco, effect of, on singer’s organism, [19].
Tonality, vagueness of, in modern music, [348]ff.
Tone emission, [64]ff.
Tone production, (vocal), [11]ff;
(effect of incorrect methods), [20];
(as taught in early music schools), [37]f;
(old Italian method), [53]f;
(modern methods), [59]ff.
Tongue (in singing), [3], [15].
Tosi, Pietro Francesco, [46], [49].
Tosti, Francesco Paolo, [323].
Trachea, [3], [6].
Traum durch die Dämmerung (Strauss), [340], (Reger), [341].
Tre giorni (Pergolesi), [161].
Tremolo (vocal), [65]f.
Trobadores (rise of), [138].
Troubadours, [25], [42], [135];
(rise of), [137]ff;
(nature and value of their songs), [143]f.
Trouvères, (rise of), [138]f;
(influence in Germany), [141].
See also Troubadours.
Trovatori (rise of), [138].
Tschaikowsky, Peter Ilyitch, [298], [323]ff, [364].
[The] Two Grenadiers (Schumann), [242];
(settings of Wagner and Schumann), [290]f.

United States, folk-music of, [129].
Unprepared dissonance, [159], [162].

Vacaresco, Helen, [81].
Vaudeville (French song form), [166].
Venice, folk-songs of, [118]f.
Vidal, Paul, [357]f.
Villanette, [153].
Villette, [153].
[The] Violet (Mozart), [178].
Vocal cords, [2], [9]ff, [60]f.
Vocal culture (old Italian method), [24]-[54];
(modern scientific methods of), [55]-[69].
Vocal hygiene, [1]-[23].
Vocal methods, standardization of, [59].
Vocal organs, structure and hygiene of, [1]-[23];
(scientific investigation of), [55]ff.
Vowel sounds (how formed), [16].
Vowels, use of, in exercises, [64]f.
Voice placing, [59]ff.
Volkmann, Robert, [256].
Volkstümliches Lied, [163], [176];
(Silcher), [229]f;
(Henschel), [308]ff;
(Mahler), [337].
See also Songs in the folk-manner.

Wagner, Richard, [142], [172], [285], [290]ff, [348];
(and Peter Cornelius), [303];
(and Hugo Wolf), [332]f.
Waldesgespräch (settings by Schumann and Jensen), [306].
Wallace, William Vincent, [267].
Walther von der Vogelweide, [44], [142].
Weber, Carl Maria von, [107], [227]f.
Webern, Anton von, [345].
Weckerlin, Jean Baptiste, [107].
When in Death (Irish folk-song), [114].
[The] White Duck (French-Canadian folk-song), [376].
Whole-tone scale, [348]ff, [364].
Widmung (Schumann), [96]f, [239];
(Franz), [270], [272].
William de Longchamps, Bishop of Ely, [134].
William of Nassau (Dutch folk-song), [108].
Will Ye Gang Over the Lea? (Scotch folk-song), [113].
Windpipe, [6].
Wolf, Hugo, [331]ff.
Wolfram von Eschenbach, [142].
Wyman, Loraine, [111].

Zelter, Karl Friedrich, [191], [193], [195].
Zumsteeg, Johann Rudolph, [192]f, [197].