| VOLUME III |
| GREECE |
| PAGE |
| [Introductory Essay. The Scope and Development of Greek History.] By Dr. Eduard Meyer | [1] |
| [Greek History in Outline] | [13] |
| CHAPTER I |
| [Land and People] | [26] |
| The land, [26]. The name, [32]. The origin of the Greeks, [33]. Early conditions and movements, [36]. |
| CHAPTER II |
| [The Mycenæan Age (ca. 1600-1000 B.C.)] | [40] |
| Mycenæan civilisation, [40]. The problem of Mycenæan chronology, [52]. The testimony of art, [54]. The problem of the Mycenæan race, [56]. |
| CHAPTER III |
| [The Heroic Age (1400-1200 B.C.)] | [66] |
| The value of the myths, [67]. The exploits of Perseus, [68]. The labours of Hercules, [69]. The feats of Theseus, [71]. The Seven against Thebes, [72]. The Argonauts, [73]. The Trojan War, [76]. The town of Troy, [78]. Paris and Helen, [79]. The siege of Troy, [80]. Agamemnon’s sad home-coming, [81]. Character and spirit of the Heroic Age, [82]. Geographical knowledge, [86]. Navigation and astronomy, [88]. Commerce and the arts, [89]. The graphic arts, [91]. The art of war, [92]. Treatment of orphans, criminals, and slaves, [94]. Manners and customs, [97]. |
| CHAPTER IV |
| [The Transition to Secure History (ca. 1200-800 B.C.)] | [99] |
| Beloch’s view of the conventional primitive history, [99]. |
| CHAPTER V |
| [The Dorians (ca. 1100-1000 B.C.)] | [109] |
| The migration in the view of Curtius, [115]. Messenia, [117]. Argos, [118]. Arcadia, [121]. Dorians in Crete, [124]. |
| CHAPTER VI |
| [Sparta and Lycurgus (ca. 885 B.C.)] | [128] |
| Plutarch’s account of Lycurgus, [129]. The institutions of Lycurgus, [131]. Regulations regarding marriage and the conduct of women, [133]. The rearing of children, [135]. The famed Laconic discourse; Spartan discipline, [136]. The senate; burial customs; home-staying; the ambuscade, [138]. Lycurgus’ subterfuge to perpetuate his laws, [140]. Effects of Lycurgus’ system, [141]. |
| CHAPTER VII |
| [The Messenian Wars of Sparta (ca. 764-580 B.C.)] | [143] |
| First Messenian War, [144]. The futile sacrifice of the daughter of Aristodemus, [146]. The hero Aristomenes and the Second Messenian War, [147]. The poet Tyrtæus, [149]. |
| CHAPTER VIII |
| [The Ionians (ca. 650-630 B.C.)] | [152] |
| Origin and early history of Athens, [154]. King Ægeus, [155]. Theseus, [158]. Rise of popular liberty, [162]. Draco, the lawgiver, [164]. |
| CHAPTER IX |
| [Some Characteristic Institutions (884-590 B.C.)] | [167] |
| The oracle at Delphi, [170]. National festivals, [170]. The Olympian games, [172]. Character of the games, [173]. Monarchies and oligarchies, [175]. Tyrannies, [177]. Democracies, [179]. |
| CHAPTER X |
| [The Smaller Cities and States] | [181] |
| Arcadia, Ellis, and Achaia, [181]. Argos, Ægina, and Epidaurus, [182]. Sicyon and Megara, [184]. Bœotia, Locris, Phocis, and Eubœa, [187]. Thessaly, [189]. Corinth under Periander, [191]. |
| CHAPTER XI |
| [Crete and the Colonies] | [194] |
| Beloch’s account of Greek colonisation, [198]. |
| CHAPTER XII |
| [Solon the Lawgiver (ca. 638-558 B.C.)] | [207] |
| The life and laws of Solon according to Plutarch, [209]. The law concerning debts, [213]. Class legislation, [215]. Miscellaneous laws; the rights of women, [216]. Results of Solon’s legislation, [217]. Solon’s journey and return; Pisistratus, [219]. A modern view of Solonian laws and constitution, [220]. |
| CHAPTER XIII |
| [Pisistratus the Tyrant (550-527 B.C.)] | [222] |
| The virtues of Pisistratus’ rule, [226]. |
| CHAPTER XIV |
| [Democracy Established at Athens (514-490 B.C.)] | [231] |
| Clisthenes, the reformer, [236]. Ostracism, [245]. The democracy established, [251]. Trouble with Thebes, [252]. |
| CHAPTER XV |
| [The First Foreign Invasion (506-490 B.C.)] | [261] |
| The origin of animosity, [262]. The Ionic revolt, [264]. War with Ægina, [267]. The first invasion, [268]. Battle of Marathon, [272]. On the courage of the Greeks, [277]. If Darius had invaded Greece earlier, [279]. |
| CHAPTER XVI |
| [Miltiades and the Alleged Fickleness of Republics (489 B.C.)] | [280] |
| CHAPTER XVII |
| [The Plans of Xerxes (485-480 B.C.)] | [285] |
| Xerxes bridges the Hellespont, [295]. How the host marched, [297]. The size of Xerxes’ army, [301]. |
| CHAPTER XVIII |
| [Proceedings in Greece from Marathon to Thermopylæ (489-480 B.C.)] | [305] |
| Themistocles and Aristides, [306]. Congress at Corinth, [308]. The vale of Tempe, [313]. Xerxes reviews his host, [314]. |
| CHAPTER XIX |
| [Thermopylæ (480 B.C.)] | [320] |
| The famous story as told by Herodotus, [320]. Leonidas and his allies, [321]. Xerxes assails the pass, [323]. The treachery of Ephialtes, [323]. The final assault, [325]. Discrepant accounts of the death of Leonidas, [327]. After Thermopylæ, [327]. |
| CHAPTER XX |
| [The Battles of Artemisium and Salamis (480 B.C.)] | [330] |
| Battle of Artemisium, [331]. Athens abandoned, [334]. The fleet at Salamis, [337]. Xerxes at Delphi, [338]. Athens taken, [339]. Xerxes inspects his fleet, [340]. Schemes of Themistocles, [342]. Battle of Salamis, [345]. The retreat of Xerxes, [348]. The spoils of victory, [351]. Syracusan victory over Carthage, [352]. |
| CHAPTER XXI |
| [From Salamis to Mycale (479 B.C.)] | [353] |
| Mardonius makes overtures to Athens, [354]. Mardonius moves on Athens, [356]. Athens appeals to Sparta, [357]. Mardonius destroys Athens and withdraws, [358]. A preliminary skirmish, [360]. Preparations for the battle of Platæa, [362]. Battle of Platæa, [366]. Mardonius falls and the day is won, [370]. After the battle, [371]. The Greeks attack Thebes, [373]. The flight of the Persian remnant, [374]. Contemporary affairs in Ionia, [374]. Battle of Mycale, [376]. After Mycale, [377]. A review of results, [379]. A glance forward, [379]. |
| CHAPTER XXII |
| [The Aftermath of the War (478-468 B.C.)] | [382] |
| Athens rebuilds her walls, [382]. The new Athens, [384]. The misconduct of Pausanias, [386]. Athens takes the leadership, [388]. The confederacy of Delos, [389]. The treason of Pausanias, [391]. Political changes at Athens, [394]. The downfall of Themistocles, [396]. |
| CHAPTER XXIII |
| [The Growth of the Athenian Empire (479-462 B.C.)] | [402] |
| The victories of Cimon, [408]. Mitford’s view of the period, [409]. |
| CHAPTER XXIV |
| [The Rise of Pericles (462-440 B.C.)] | [416] |
| The Areopagus, [420]. Cimon exiled, [423]. The war with Corinth, [424]. The Long Walls, [425]. Cimon recalled, [427]. The Five-Years’ Truce, [430]. The confederacy becomes an empire, [431]. Commencement of decline, [432]. The greatness of Pericles, [435]. A Greek federation planned, [436]. |
| CHAPTER XXV |
| [Athens at War (440-432 B.C.)] | [438] |
| The Samian War, [438]. The war with Corcyra, [439]. The war with Potidæa and Macedonia, [444]. |
| CHAPTER XXVI |
| [Imperial Athens under Pericles (460-430 B.C.)] | [448] |
| Judicial reforms of Pericles, [454]. Rhetors and sophists, [459]. Phidias accused, [461]. Aspasia at the bar, [462]. Anaxagoras also assailed, [463]. |
| CHAPTER XXVII |
| [Manners and Customs of the Age of Pericles (460-410 B.C.)] | [465] |
| Cost of living and wages, [465]. Schools, teachers, and books, [472]. The position of a wife in Athens, [473]. |
| CHAPTER XXVIII |
| [Art of the Periclean Age (460-410 B.C.)] | [477] |
| Architecture, [477]. Sculpture, [483]. Painting, music, etc., [487]. The artists of the other cities of Hellas, [490]. |
| CHAPTER XXIX |
| [Greek Literature] | [492] |
| Oratory and lyric poetry, [492]. Tragedy, [497]. Comedy, [504]. The glory of Athens, [505]. |
| CHAPTER XXX |
| [The Outbreak of the Peloponnesian War (432-431 B.C.)] | [508] |
| Our sources, [508]. The origin of the war, [510]. Preparations for the conflict, [517]. The surprise of Platæa, [522]. Pericles’ reconcentration policy, [526]. The first year’s ravage, [527]. |
| CHAPTER XXXI |
| [The Plague; and the Death of Pericles (431-429 B.C.)] | [535] |
| The oration of Pericles, [535]. Thucydides’ account of the plague, [539]. Last public speech of Pericles, [545]. The end and glory of Pericles, [548]. Wilhelm Oncken’s estimate of Pericles, [551]. |
| CHAPTER XXXII |
| [The Second and Third Years of the Peloponnesian War (429-428 B.C.)] | [554] |
| The Spartans and Thebans attack Platæa, [556]. Part of the Platæans escape; the rest capitulate, [557]. Naval and other combats, [560]. |
| CHAPTER XXXIII |
| [The Fourth to the Tenth Years—and Peace (428-421 B.C.)] | [566] |
| The revolt of Mytilene, [566]. Thucydides’ account of the revolt of Corcyra, [570]. Demosthenes and Sphacteria, [575]. Further Athenian successes, [579]. A check to Athens; Brasidas becomes aggressive, [580]. The banishment of Thucydides, [581]. A truce declared; two treaties of peace, [582]. |
| CHAPTER XXXIV |
| [The Rise of Alcibiades (450-416 B.C.)] | [584] |
| CHAPTER XXXV |
| [The Sicilian Expedition (481-413 B.C.)] | [591] |
| Sicilian history, [591]. The mutilation of the Hermæ, [596]. The fleet sails, [599]. Alcibiades takes flight, [601]. Nicias tries strategy, [602]. Spartan aid, [604]. Alcibiades against Athens, [605]. Athenian reinforcements, [606]. Athenian disaster, [608]. Thucydides’ famous account of the final disasters, [610]. Demosthenes surrenders his detachment, [613]. Nicias parleys, fights, and surrenders, [614]. The fate of the captives, [615]. |
| CHAPTER XXXVI |
| [Close of the Peloponnesian War (425-404 B.C.)] | [617] |
| Athens after the Sicilian débâcle, [617]. Alcibiades again to the fore, [620]. The overthrow of the democracy; the Four Hundred, [624]. The revolt from the Four Hundred, [627]. The triumphs of Alcibiades, [630]. Alcibiades in disfavour again, [633]. Conon wins at Arginusæ, [634]. The trial of the generals, [636]. Battle of Ægospotami, [638]. The fall of Athens, [640]. A review of the war, [642]. Grote’s estimate of the Athenian Empire, [644]. |
| [Brief Reference-List of Authorities by Chapters] | [647] |