FOOTNOTES
[57] For this, and for his similar conduct to L. Scipio, the family gave him in marriage Cornelia, the daughter of Africanus. The two celebrated Gracchi were their sons.
[58] This town, which must not be confounded with the ancient Alba Longa, lay on the Fucine Lake.
[59] [The great original authority for the Third Punic War was Polybius,[d] whose accounts of striking incidents in the Hannibalic Wars we have previously quoted. Polybius was the personal friend of Scipio the Younger and was present, as we shall see, at the destruction of Carthage. Unfortunately his first-hand description of that memorable event has not been preserved. But the accounts of Livy[i] and of Appian[g] were based largely, if not solely, upon Polybius. Appian’s account of the war as a whole is too long for insertion here; but Keightley’s[c] description is virtually an abridgment of Appian, paragraph by paragraph, at times the translation being almost literal. For the concluding scenes we shall turn to Appian himself.]
[60] The lawful age for the consulate at this time was forty-three years, and Scipio was only thirty-eight.
[61] [Ihne[f] says of this: “We have serious doubts about the truth of this dramatic effect, which would do honour to any stage manager. A woman standing on the roof of a burning temple, and, in the midst of uproar and carnage, haranguing her husband, who is at a safe distance, is a scene passing all bounds of historical probability. What makes it particularly suspicious is the pretty little piece of adulation which the frantic woman has the politeness to address to Scipio: σοὶ μὲν οὐ νέμεσις ἐκθεῶν ὦ Ῥωμαῖε, ἐπὶ γὰρ πολεμίαν ἐστρατεύσας. Appian,[g] VIII, 31. Καὶ τῷ στρατηγῷ μεγάλας ἐπανῆγε τὰς χάριτας. Polybius,[d] XXXIX, 3, 6. All this is as much a fiction as any scene in a sensational novel. We have no doubt that Hasdrubal and his wife were retained by the Roman deserters against their will. At last Hasdrubal succeeded in escaping from them (λαθὼν ἔφυγε, Appian, VIII, 131). It is possible that thereupon his wife and children were murdered before his eyes.”]
[62] [According to Marquardt,
j Achaia was not organised into a separate province till the reign of Augustus.]
[63] These Leges Tabellariæ (as the Romans called them, tabella being their word for a ballot) were four in number: (1) The Gabinian (139 B.C.), introducing the use of the ballot at elections. (2) The Cassian (137), introducing it in all state-trials, except in the case of high-treason (perduellio). (3) The Papirian (131), introducing it into the Legislative Assembly. (4) The Cælian (107), which cancelled the single exception made by the Cassian Law.
Ancient Tomb, hewn from Solid Rock
