APPENDICES
APPENDIX I
ROLL OF LUMSDEN’S HORSE, INCLUDING TRANSPORT
| Rank | Name | Occupation and Address |
| OFFICERS | ||
| Lieut.-Colonel | Dugald Mactavish Lumsden (Commandant) | Gentleman, Oriental Club, Hanover Square, London |
| Major | Eden C. Showers | Tea Planter, Surma Valley |
| Captain | Neville C. Taylor (Adjutant) | 14th Bengal Lancers, Allahabad |
| ” | James Hugh Brownlow Beresford | 3rd Sikhs |
| ” | John Brownley Rutherfoord | Indigo Planter, Behar |
| ” | Louis Hemington Noblett | Royal Irish Rifles, Calcutta |
| ” | Henry Chamney[[A]] | Tea Planter, Surma Valley |
| ” | Frank Clifford | Coffee Planter, Mysore |
| ” | Samuel Arthur Powell | Medical Officer, Cachar |
| ” | Bernard Willoughby Holmes | Medical Officer, E.I. Railway |
| Veterinary Captain | William Stevenson | Veterinary Surgeon, Rangoon |
| Lieutenant | George Augustus Neville | Tea Planter, Assam |
| ” | Charles Edward Crane | Indigo Planter, Behar |
| ” | Charles Lyon Sidey[[A]] | Tea Planter, Assam |
| ” | Herbert Owain Pugh | Jute Broker, Calcutta |
| A COMPANY | ||
| No. 1 Section | ||
| Company Quartermaster- Sergeant | James Brennan[[A]] | York and Lancaster Regiment, Agra |
| Farrier-Sergeant | William Marshall | 54th Battery, R.F.A., Meerut |
| Sergeant | Herbert James Fox | Assistant Manager, Dumraon Raj, Shahabad District |
| Corporal | Percy Jones | Indigo Planter, Benipore Concern, Sakri, Durbunga |
| ” | Herbert Wheeler Marsham | Indigo Planter, Motihari Concern, Motihari, Chumparan |
| Lance-Corporal | Hugh F. Blair | Indigo Planter, Lalouria Concern, Bettiah, Chumparan |
| Trooper | John Alexander Irwin | Indigo Planter, Dhroomra Concern, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot District |
| ” | Arthur John Hampton Nicholson | Indigo Planter, Thurma Concern, Sitamari, Tirhoot District |
| ” | Hector Rupert Kelly | Indigo Planter, Bhagulpore |
| ” | Leonard Kars Zorab | Indigo Planter, Bhagulpore |
| ” | John Stewart Campbell | Indigo Planter, Sunyat Concern, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot District |
| ” | Claud Leonard Bell | Indigo Planter, Sunyat Concern, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot District |
| ” | John Alexander Brown | Indigo Planter, Jeetwarpore Concern, Durbunga |
| ” | George Maxwell Smith | Indigo Planter, Begum Sarai Concern, Durbunga |
| ” | Charles Reginald Macdonald | Indigo Planter, Dowlutpore Concern, Durbunga[Durbunga] |
| ” | George Patrick Osborn Springfield | Indigo Planter, Singhea Concern, Hajipore, Tirhoot |
| ” | John Alexander Fraser | Indigo Planter, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot |
| ” | D.C. Percy Smith | Assistant Superintendent of Police, Dinapore |
| ” | E. Harry Gough | Indigo Planter, Suddowat Concern, Sewan, Saran |
| ” | Robert G. Collins | Indigo Planter, Singhea Concern, Hajipore, Tirhoot |
| ” | Bruce Macgregor Allan | Indigo Planter, Begum Sarai Concern, Durbunga |
| ” | John Henry | Indigo Planter, Turcouleah Concern, Chumparan |
| ” | Osborne Aldis | Indigo Planter, Dulsing Sarai[Sarai], Durbunga |
| ” | Henry George Newton | Indigo Planter, Jaintpore Concern, Mozufferpore |
| ” | Robert Pheydell Haines | Indigo Planter, Mortipore Concern, Mozufferpore |
| ” | Frederick William Charles Lawrie | Indigo Planter, Kahunia Concern, Gorukhpore |
| ” | Allan Henry Buskin | Indigo Planter, Dooriah Concern, Mozufferpore |
| No. 2 Section | ||
| Regimental Sergt.-Major | Cyril Montagu Charles Marsham | Indigo Planter, Serryah Concern, Mozufferpore |
| Sergeant | Francis Stewart McNamara[[A]] | Indigo Planter, Burhoulie Concern, Sewan, Saran |
| Corporal | George Elliott Pollnitz Llewhellin | Indigo Planter, Burhoga Concern, Saran |
| Signr. Lance-Corporal | William Lee | York and Lancaster Regiment, Agra |
| Lance-Corporal | Arthur Helme Firth | Indigo Planter, Kanti Cour Concern, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot |
| ” | Angus Macgillivray | Indigo Planter, Sohazra Concern, Sewan, Saran |
| Saddler | Richard James Lance | 3rd (K.O.) Hussars, Lucknow |
| Trooper | R.J. Clayton Daubney | Indigo Planter, Belsund Concern, Durbunga |
| ” | Selwyn Long-Innes | Indigo Planter, Peeprah Concern, Motihari, Chumparan |
| ” | Howard Herbert Julian Hickley[[A]] | Indigo Planter, Bhicanpore Concern, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot |
| ” | Leslie Gwatkin Williams | Indigo Planter, Rajkund Concern, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot |
| ” | Burton Disney Rutherfoord[[A]] | Indigo Planter, Peeprah Concern, Motihari, Chumparan |
| ” | Charles Bertram H. Mansfield | Indigo Planter, Ramcollah Concern, Saran |
| ” | Philip Stanley | Indigo Planter, Bhamoo Concern, Saran, Chupra |
| ” | Harry C. Lumsden | Indigo Planter, Chuckhea Concern, Sewan, Saran |
| ” | Norman James Vaughan Reid | Indigo Planter, Moniarah Concern, Gopalgunje, Saran |
| ” | Spencer Cochrane Gordon | Indigo Planter, Matihari Concern, Motihari, Chumparan |
| ” | Christie West Fletcher | Indigo Planter, Dholi Concern, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot |
| ” | William Gordon Watson | Indigo Planter, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot |
| ” | George Innes Watson | Indigo Planter, Chitwarrah Concern, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot |
| ” | Reginald N. Macdonald | Indigo Planter, Jogapore Concern, Sewan, Saran |
| ” | Percy Strahan | Indigo Planter, Dulsing Sarai Concern, Durbunga |
| ” | John Pringle Kennedy | Indigo Planter, Munjoul Concern, Monghyr |
| ” | Gilbert Denis Nicolay | Indigo Planter, Durbunga |
| ” | Cecil W. John | Indigo Planter, Peeprah Concern, Motihari, Chumparan |
| ” | Cyril Darcy Vivian Cary-Barnard | Indigo Planter, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot |
| ” | R. Upton Case | Indigo Planter, Chumparan |
| ” | Julian Victor Jameson | Indigo Planter, Ottur Concern, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot |
| ” | Knyvett Boileau | Indigo Planter, Chitwarrah Concern, Mozufferpore, Tirhoot |
| No. 3 Section | ||
| Sergeant | Walter Larkins Walker | Tea Planter, Doom Dooma T.E., Assam |
| Vety. Lance-Sergeant | James Lee Stewart | Coffee Planter, Thollol Coffee Estate, Beber, Mysore |
| Paymaster-Sergeant | David Stewart Fraser | Assistant, Bank of Bengal, Agra |
| Lance-Sergeant | James Stemhurst Elliott | Tea Planter, Assam Company, Towkok Nazira, Assam |
| Lance-Corporal | Arthur Collier Walker | Tea Planter, Doom Dooma T.E., Assam |
| ” | Denis J. Keating | Assistant, Calcutta Port Trust |
| Signaller | Arthur Thomas Hayward | 3rd Hussars, Lucknow |
| Trooper | George E. Kenny | Tea Planter, Doom Dooma T.E., Assam |
| ” | Arthur Leigh Godden[[A]] | Assistant, Messrs. Kilburn & Co., Calcutta |
| ” | Edward Nugent Bankes | Tea Planter, Majuli Tea Co., Ltd., Behali, Darrang, Assam |
| ” | Henry Cecil Charleton Bennett | Tea Planter, Darjeeling |
| ” | Arnold Daniell Radford | Gentleman, Rose Cottage, Sonada, Darjeeling |
| ” | Arthur Noel Woods | Tea Planter, Surmah Valley T.E., South Sylhet |
| ” | Lionel Hugh Bell | Tea Planter, Badlipar, Sibsagar |
| ” | Arthur Henry Luard[[A]] | Tea Planter, Kingsley Golaghat Tea Co., Jorhat, Assam |
| ” | Clarence A. Walton | Tea Planter, Badlipar, Golaghat, Assam |
| ” | Hugh Stanley Cheshire | Engineer, Assam-Bengal Railway, Hathikhola |
| ” | Bertie Edward Jones | Tea Planter, Singh Tea Co., Jaboka, Sibsagar |
| ” | Herbert Pearce Brown | Tea Planter, Khonjea T.E., Rajmai, Sibsagar |
| ” | Charles Edward Stuart | Tea Planter, Assam |
| ” | John W.A. Skelton | Tea Planter, Salonah Tea Co., Ltd., Nowgong, Assam |
| ” | Rupert Henry Mackenzie | Tea Planter, Hattigor T.E., Mungledai, Assam |
| ” | Edward Bayley Hadden Parkes | Tea Planter, Doolapudung, Assam |
| ” | Johan Gottfried Petersen | Assistant, R.S.N. Co., Ltd., Garden Reach, Calcutta |
| ” | John Stratford Saunders | Tea Planter, Jorhat Tea Co., Ltd., Nimaligarh, Sibsagar |
| ” | John Francis Hughes | Tea Planter, Amalgamated Tea Estate, Dibrugarh, Assam |
| ” | Frank Tancred | Gentleman, Lahore |
| ” | Bertie Rhys Lloyd Jones | Survey Department, Lahore |
| No. 4 Section | ||
| Company Sergeant-Major | Edgar Hall Mansfield | Assistant Examiner, Milty. Accts. Dept., Punjab Command, Lahore |
| Sergeant | Robert Septimus Stowell | Brewer, Messrs. Meakin & Co., Kirkee |
| Corporal | George Lawrie | Photographer, Lucknow |
| Lance-Corporal | William Solomon Lemon | Travelling Agent, Calcutta |
| ” | Edward James Ballard | Planter, Peshawar |
| Trooper | Charles Frederick Hayes | Clerk, Calcutta |
| ” | Ernest Phillip Sanders | Travelling Agent, Calcutta |
| ” | Ernest Stanley Clifford | Gentleman, Delhi |
| ” | John David William Holmes | |
| ” | Harry Warren Puckridge | Bangalore |
| ” | Arthur Edward Consterdine | Inspector of Police |
| ” | Donald Robert Graham Glascock | Planter, Palumpur |
| ” | Frederick Charles Warren Mercer | |
| ” | John Haviland Sperrin Richardson | |
| ” | Isambard Clarke Webbe | |
| ” | Frederick Maurice Clifford | Extra Assist. Commissioner, Delhi |
| ” | James Sydney Cowen | Agent to the Amir of Afghanistan, Peshawar |
| ” | Hubert Noel Shaw | Planter, Palumpur |
| ” | Wilfred Herbert Holme | Planter, Palumpur |
| ” | Arthur Patrick Courtenay | Gentleman, Umballa |
| ” | Charles Henry Mortimer Johnstone | Gentleman, Kalka |
| ” | Charles Hilliard Donald | Assistant, Messrs. Spedding & Co., Kashmir |
| ” | Hugh Stopford Northcote Wright | Plague Department, Secunderabad, Deccan |
| ” | Frank Graham Bateman | Planter, Mysore |
| ” | Frederick Wilford Wright | Assistant, N.G.S. Railway, Secunderabad |
| ” | Alexander Atkinson | Gentleman, Lahore |
| ” | John Daly Lecky Arathoon | Assistant, Alliance Bank of Simla, Calcutta |
| MAXIM-GUN DETACHMENT | ||
| Sergeant | Ephraim Robert Dale | Contractor, Jubbulpore, C.P. |
| Trooper | Patrick Terence Corbett | Loco. Dept., E.I. Railway, Jamalpore |
| ” | Ivan Victor G. Dowd | Loco. Dept., E.I. Railway, Jamalpore |
| ” | Noel Jocelyn Bolst | Loco. Dept., E.I. Railway, Asansol |
| ” | Charles Vivian Scott Dickens | Loco. Dept., E.I. Railway Jamalpore |
| ” | John Joseph Booth[[A]] | Traffic Dept., E.I. Railway, Howrah (formerly Royal Artillery) |
| B COMPANY | ||
| No. 1 Section | ||
| Sergeant | Gerald Edward Pierson Thesiger | Tea Planter, Tarapore Tea Co., Cachar |
| Corporal | William Townsend Smith | Tea Planter, Tarapore Tea Co., Cachar |
| ” | Edward A. Chartres | Doctor, Ballacherra T.E., Cachar |
| Lance-Corporal | John Maclaine | Tea Planter, Hatticherra T.E., Cachar |
| Bugler | Hugh Kirkwood F.A.H. Dawson | Custom House Officer, Calcutta |
| Trooper | Charles Alexander Forbes | Tea Planter, Vernerpore T.E., Hailakandi, Cachar |
| ” | Cecil Wilfred Spicer | Tea Planter, Alyne T.E., Lukipore, Cachar |
| ” | William Reid | Tea Planter, Chargola T.E., Sylhet |
| ” | William Edward Clifford Johnson | Tea Planter, Pathemara T.E., Cachar |
| ” | Ian George Sinclair | Tea Planter, Kalline T.E., Cachar |
| ” | Walter Reginald Winder | Tea Planter, Bhuberighat T.E., Sylhet |
| ” | Archibald William Harrison | Tea Planter, Coombirgram T.E., Cachar |
| ” | James Henry Archibald Burn-Murdoch | Tea Planter, Dullabcherra T.E., Sylhet |
| ” | Ernest Adair Thelwall | Tea Planter, Lungla Tea Co., Sylhet |
| ” | Stanley Ducat | Tea Planter, Chargola Tea Co., Sylhet |
| ” | James Whyte Stevenson[[A]] | Tea Planter, Hattikhira T.E.,Sylhet |
| ” | Arthur Philip Woollright | Medical Officer, Assam Bengal Railway |
| ” | Frederick Vivian Clerk | Engineer, Assam-Bengal Railway |
| ” | Richard Tait Innes | Tea Planter, Chandypore T.E., Hailakandi, Cachar |
| ” | Arthur Ruthven Thornton | Journalist, Calcutta |
| ” | Malcolm Hunter Logan | Engineer, Assam-Bengal Railway |
| ” | Robert Brooke Lungley | Tea Planter, Deundi T.E., South Sylhet |
| ” | Herbert Wallace Thelwall | Tea Planter, Dooars |
| ” | Edmond Stewart Chapman | Tea Planter, Rema T.E., South Sylhet |
| ” | Rawdon Graham Hunter | Tea Planter, Ballacherra T.E., Cachar |
| ” | Alexander Lytle | Tea Planter, Alyne T.E., Cachar |
| ” | Edward B. Moir-Byres | Tea Planter, Tarrapore Tea Co., Cachar |
| ” | Bernard Charles Albert | Tea Planter, Silcaorie T.E., Cachar |
| ” | Philip Partridge | Tea Planter, Silcaorie T.E., Cachar |
| ” | William Turnbull | Tea Planter, Pathecherra, T.E., Cachar |
| ” | Oliver Charles John Stevenson-Hamilton | Tea Planter, Jalinga T.E., Cachar |
| ” | Harvey Davies | Tea Planter, South Sylhet |
| No. 2 Section | ||
| Company Sergeant-Major | William Burrell Hewitt[[A]] | Royal Irish Rifles, Calcutta |
| Sergeant | Walter Arnold Conduit | Assistant Engineer, B.N. Railway |
| Lance-Sergeant | Philip Bunbury Warburton | Assistant, Bank of Bengal, Calcutta |
| Farrier-Sergeant | Frederick Edwards | 15th Hussars, Meerut |
| Corporal | Francis Stuart Montagu Bates | Merchant, Rangoon |
| Lance-Corporal | Charles Maclean Jack | Assistant, Messrs. Shaw, Wallace, & Co., Calcutta |
| ” | Graham Peddie[[A]] | Assistant District Traffic Superintendent, E.I. Railway |
| Saddler | Henry Briggs | 15th Hussars, Meerut |
| Trooper | Harry Howes | Superintendent, Rangoon Boat Club |
| Trooper | Lewis Hills Cubitt | Broker, Calcutta |
| ” | Herbert Nicholson Betts | Jute Broker, Calcutta |
| ” | Walter Douglas Jones | Merchant, Calcutta |
| ” | William Burton Elwes | Indo-European Telegraphs, Madras |
| ” | Charles Edward Turner | Assistant, Messrs. Bullock Brothers, Rangoon |
| ” | Thomas Brinsley Nicholson | Coffee Planter, Yercand |
| ” | Phillip Chamberlayne Preston | Indigo Planter, Purneah |
| ” | Harry Bright Oldham | Tea Planter |
| ” | George Alfred Gowenlock | Tea Planter, Darjeeling |
| ” | Eian Ingram Lockhart | Indigo Planter, Behar |
| ” | Reginald William Royds Birch | Indigo Planter, Purneah |
| ” | Alfred Frederick Franks | Assistant Engineer, B.-N. Railway |
| ” | Morris William Clifford | P.W.D. Accounts, Lahore |
| ” | Cecil Grant Huddleston | Mining Engineer, Hyderabad State |
| ” | John Graves[[A]] | Assistant, Bank of Bengal, Hyderabad |
| ” | Alfred Holberton Francis | Assistant, Messrs. Thos. Cook & Sons, Rangoon |
| ” | Charles Henry McMinn | N.W.P. Police |
| ” | William Harold Nicolay | N.W.P. Police |
| ” | Harry Baden Powis | Tutor, Simla |
| ” | Harold Cooper | Assistant Engineer, East Coast Railway |
| ” | Henry Dawson Were | Gentleman, Broadclyst, S. Devon |
| No. 3 Section | ||
| Sergeant | Harry Alexander Campbell | Coffee Planter, Natroeull Estate, Koppa, Kadur Dist. |
| Corporal | Lionel Edward Kirwan | Coffee Planter, Santaweri Estate, Birur, Kadur Dist. |
| Lance-Corporal | George Horne | Coffee Planter, Bykarhully Estate, Sakluspur, Hassan Dist. |
| ” | Talbot Cox | Coffee Planter, Santi Kappa Estate, North Coorg |
| Trooper | Bernard Cayley | Coffee Planter, Honpet Estate, Santaweri, Birur, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | Lionel Kingchurch | Coffee Planter, Balihonur Estate, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | Francis Bere Follett | Coffee Planter, Bynekhan Estate, Chickamagloor, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | Henry Percy Cobb | Coffee Planter, Arabedicool Estate, Chickamagloor, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | James Charles Dent Bewsher | Coffee Planter, Bynekhan Estate, Chickamagloor, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | Arthur Ernest Norton | Coffee Planter, Santaweri Estate, Birur, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | Thomas Edward Marmaduke Lawson | Indigo Broker, Madras |
| ” | Montagu Beadon Follett | Coffee Planter, Nungangode Estate, Mysore |
| ” | Crosbie Charles Harvey | Coffee Planter, Davekhan Estate, Koppa, Kadur Dist. |
| Trooper | Hugh Allardice | Coffee Planter, Burgode Estate, Chickamagloor, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | Melville Seymour Biscoe | Coffee Planter, Chickolly Estate, Chickamagloor, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | Herbert Cecil Wood | Coffee Planter, Mercara, North Coorg |
| ” | Thomas Lawrence Dalton | Coffee Planter, Huntrey Estate, Shanwara Santi, Mungerabad |
| ” | John Arthur Graham | Coffee Planter, Halari Estate, Mercara, North Coorg |
| ” | Claude Kennedy Martin | Coffee Planter, Palamado Estate, Mercara, North Coorg |
| ” | Lewis Collingwood Bearne | Coffee Planter, Pollibetta Estate, South Coorg |
| ” | Rex Johnston Smith | Coffee Planter, Pollibetta Estate, South Coorg |
| ” | Herbert Evetts | Coffee Planter, Murguddi, Sullibile, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | Claude Francis Walton | Police Inspector, Mysore Service, Mudigiri, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | David Onslow Allardice | Coffee Planter, Gubcull Estate, Mudigiri, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | Seymour Sladden | Coffee Planter, Badni Estate, Sudaspore, Hassan Dist. |
| ” | Ernest Alfred Sydenham Clarke | Coffee Planter, Hitherhulli Estate, Shanwara Santi, Mungerabad |
| ” | Charles Elsee | Coffee Planter, Shanwara Santi, Mungerabad, Hassan Dist. |
| ” | Divie Robertson | Coffee Planter, Kerke Coondah Estate, Sullibile, Kadur Dist. |
| ” | Francis Hannay Cunningham | Coffee Planter, Could Hilton Estate, Koppa, Kadur Dist. |
| No. 4 Section | ||
| Sergeant | Ernest Dawson | Uncovenanted Civil Service, Pagan, Burmah |
| Vety.-Sergeant | Lewis Joseph Orland Oakley | Superintendent of Stables, Maharajah of Cooch-Behar |
| ” | Frank Deccan Sheriff Mitchell | Tea Planter, Eastern Assam Co., Balijan |
| Sig.-Sergeant | Albert John Longman | Sergeant Signaller, 3rd Hussars, Lucknow |
| Corporal | Alick Cyril Pratt[[A]] | D.I.S., B. & N.W. Railway, Somastipore |
| Lance-Corporal | Arthur D. Butler | Assistant, Messrs. Oakes & Co., Madras |
| ” | Albert Hedley Jackman[[A]] | Traveller, Messrs. Wrenn, Bennett & Co., Madras |
| Signaller | William Lowe | 3rd Hussars, Lucknow |
| Shoeing-Smith | Osborne Reginald Cuthbert | Shoeing Smith, 15th Hussars, Meerut |
| Trooper | William Kilner Brown | Assistant, Audit Office, E.I. Railway, Calcutta |
| ” | Herbert James Moorhouse | P.O. Department, Bangalore |
| ” | John Boyd Johnston | Assistant, Planters’ Stores and Agency Co., Ltd., Calcutta |
| ” | Charles W. Maxwell | Assistant, Messrs. William Watson & Co., Calcutta |
| ” | Hugh James Renny | Tea Planter, Jalpaiguri |
| ” | George Augustus Phillips[[A]] | Secretary, Rampur Raj, Rampur, N.W.P. |
| ” | David Liddell Livingstone | 2nd Officer, B.I.S.N. Co., Calcutta |
| ” | James Moore | Cawnpore Woollen Mills, Cawnpore, N.W.P. |
| ” | William Walter Hight | Coffee Planter, Valakadai Peak Estate[Estate],Yercand, Salem |
| ” | Edward John Burgess | Assistant to the Secretary, Government of India, Home Dept. |
| ” | Robert Pennington Williams | Chief Officer, B.I.S.N. Co., Calcutta |
| ” | Richard Grant Dagge | Captain, B.I.S.N. Co., Calcutta |
| ” | Arthur King Meares | Gentleman, Ranchi, Chota Nagpur |
| ” | Willie King Meares | Gentleman, Ranchi, Chota Nagpur |
| ” | Walter Ernest Dexter | Chief Officer, Hajee Cassim Line of Steamers, Bombay |
| ” | Sydney Ward Circuitt Lucas | Jute Merchant, Pubna, Lower Bengal |
| ” | Harry Rufus Parks | Asiatic Steam Navigation Co., Calcutta |
| ” | Robert Charles Nolan | Mounted Police, Calcutta |
| ” | Joseph Seymour Biscoe | Salt Revenue Dept., Northern Frontier, Singum |
| ” | John Lewis Behan | Journalist, Calcutta |
| ” | Douglas Morison | Tea Planter, Assam |
| ” | Harry McGregor | Engineer, B.I.S.N. Co., Calcutta |
| A COMPANY TRANSPORT | ||
| Sergeant | Fred. Stephens | Indian Commissariat Transport Department, Howrah |
| Driver | George Edward Wilkinson | Clerk, Medical College Hospital, Calcutta |
| ” | Sydney Graham Nightingale | Clerk, B.I.S.N. Company |
| ” | Leo. Davis | Tea Planter, Darjeeling |
| ” | Herbert Gregory Phillips | Clerk, B.I.S.N. Company |
| ” | Douglas Daly | Foot Police, Calcutta |
| ” | Richard Arthur Grenville | Foot Police, Calcutta |
| ” | Percy William Pryce | Assistant, Messrs. Peliti & Co., Calcutta |
| ” | Percy Harrington Paxton | Custom House Officer, Calcutta |
| ” | Frederick Charles Manville | Custom House Officer, Calcutta |
| ” | Richard Parker Estabrooke | Assistant, Grand Hotel, Darjeeling |
| ” | George Johnston Shaw | Guard, E.I. Railway, Jamalpore |
| ” | Edmond John Power | Travelling Agent, Messrs. Phelps & Co., Calcutta |
| ” | John Charles[[A]] | Rice Broker, Rangoon |
| ” | Trewren Hare Scott | Rawalpindi |
| ” | George William Harrison | Guard, E.I. Railway, Calcutta |
| ” | John Canute Doyle | Reporter, ‘Englishman,’ Calcutta |
| Driver | George William Palmer | Gentleman, Calcutta |
| ” | William G. Arthurton | Assistant, Messrs. Whiteaway, Laidlaw, & Co., Calcutta |
| ” | Lionel Willis | Theatrical Agent, Calcutta |
| ” | John Frederick Richey | Audit Department, E.I. Railway, Jamalpore |
| ” | Patrick W. Anderson | Assistant, Great Eastern Hotel, Calcutta |
| ” | William Edward Harris | Clerk, E.I. Railway, Calcutta |
| ” | Charles William Lovegrove | Assistant, Messrs. Whiteaway, Laidlaw, & Co., Calcutta |
| ” | Leo Horatio Bradford | Assistant, Messrs. Ball, Mudie, & Co., Lahore |
| ” | Sherbrook William Cullen | Assistant, Messrs. Harman & Co., Calcutta |
| ” | William Burnand | Clerk, E.I. Railway, Jamalpore |
| B COMPANY TRANSPORT | ||
| Driver | John James Campbell | Assistant Tea Planter, Dibrugarh, Assam |
| ” | Alfred Morris | Assistant, Adelphi Hotel, Calcutta |
| ” | William B. Brown | Engineer, B.I.S.N. Co. |
| ” | John Francis E. Morley | Assistant Tea Planter, Kandie, Ceylon |
| ” | Francis Campbell Thompson | Clerk, E.I. Railway, Calcutta |
| ” | Walter Henry Wheeler | Manager, Charing Cross Hotel, Lahore |
| ” | Harry Archibald Campbell | Assistant, Messrs. Davis, Leech, & Co., Calcutta |
| ” | Albert Martin | Custom House Officer, Calcutta |
| ” | Ernest Henry Waller | Coffee Planter |
| ” | Henry Tomlinson Smith | Travelling Agent, Great Eastern Hotel, Calcutta |
| ” | Harry Richard Rice | Clerk, Custom House, Calcutta |
| ” | George Goodliffe | Veterinary Surgeon, Messrs. Brown & Co., Calcutta |
| ” | Richard Millett Crux | Military Accounts Office, Lahore |
| ” | Sydney Herbert Bradford | Assistant, Messrs. Ball, Mudie, & Co., Lahore |
| ” | Stephen Harry Kearsey | Military Accounts Office, Lahore |
| ” | Edward Adlam | Railway Coolie Contractor, Lahore |
| ” | Ormond Edward Fitzgerald | Tea Planter, Kangra Valley |
| ” | Henry William Fuller | Coffee Planter |
| ” | William Rust | Agent for the Maharajah of Nepal, Calcutta |
| ” | John Braine | Tea Planter, Gauhati, Assam |
| ” | Robert Wallace Hyde | Assistant, Bristol Hotel, Calcutta |
| ” | Harry Macgregor | Engineer, B.I.S.N. Co., Wellington, New Zealand |
| ” | Richard Pringle | Clerk, Custom House, Calcutta |
| ” | Fred Leslie Lowther | Clerk, Custom House, Calcutta |
| ” | Patrick William Banks | Guard, E.I. Railway, Jamalpore |
| ” | Robert Henry Baldwin | Custom House Officer, Calcutta |
[A]. Subsequently promoted.
APPENDIX II
MOBILISATION SECTION, ARMY HEADQUARTERS
Dated Fort William, January 1900
Scheme for the despatch of Two Companies Mounted Volunteers
to South Africa
Her Majesty’s Government having accepted the offer of the Government of India to provide a force of Mounted Volunteers for service in South Africa, two companies of Mounted Infantry, to be called ‘The Indian Mounted Infantry Corps (Lumsden’s Horse),’ will be raised immediately at Calcutta under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel D. McT. Lumsden, of the Volunteer Force of India, Supernumerary List, Assam Valley Light Horse.
Terms of Enlistment.—The term of enlistment for officers and men will be for one year, or for not less than the period of the war.
All members of the force will be entitled to free passages to India on discharge or completion of engagement.
Preference will be given to Volunteers from Mounted Volunteer corps, but Volunteers belonging to Infantry corps who may possess the requisite qualifications will also be eligible.
Qualifications.—Candidates must be from twenty to forty years of age and of good character. Infantry Volunteers must show that they are good riders.
All candidates must obtain a medical certificate of fitness for active service. Civil surgeons will be asked to examine free of charge all candidates applying for enlistment.
Pay.—The pay and allowances for officers and men will be at British Cavalry rates from date of enlistment.
Allowances.—Particulars regarding wound pensions, gratuities, and family pensions will be given later.
Rations.—All ranks will receive rations as for British soldiers from date of joining.
Organisation.—Establishment.—The corps will be organised in two companies as under:
| Officers | Sergeants | Artificers | Buglers | R.&F. | Total | ||
| Staff— | |||||||
| Lieutenant-Colonel | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 | |
| Second in Command | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 | |
| Adjutant and Quartermaster | 1[[B]] | — | — | — | — | 1 | |
| Medical Officer | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 | |
| Quartermaster- Sergeant | — | 1[[B]] | — | — | — | 1 | |
| Total | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | 5 | |
| Detail of one Company— | |||||||
| Major (or Captain) | 1[[B]] | — | — | — | — | 1 | |
| Captain or Subalterns | 4 | — | — | — | — | 4 | |
| Company Sergeant-Major | — | 1[[B]] | — | — | — | 1 | |
| Company Quartermaster- | |||||||
| Sergeant | — | 1[[B]] | — | — | — | 1 | |
| Sergeants | — | 4 | — | — | — | 4 | |
| Farrier-Sergeant | — | 1[[B]] | — | — | — | 1 | |
| Shoeing-Smiths | — | — | 2[[C]] | — | — | 2 | |
| Saddlers | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | |
| Signallers | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 2 | |
| Buglers | — | — | — | 2[[C]] | — | 2 | |
| Rank and File | — | — | — | — | 104 | 104 | |
| Total of one Company | 5 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 105 | 123 | |
| Total of two Companies | 10 | 16 | 6 | 4 | 210 | 246 | |
| Total of Staff | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | 5 | |
| Grand Total of Unit | 14 | 17 | 6 | 4 | 210 | 251 | |
| Horses | Ponies or Mules | Private Followers | ||
| Staff— | ||||
| Lieutenant-Colonel | 2 | 3 | ||
| Second in Command | 2 | 3 | ||
| Adjutant and Quartermaster | 2 | 3 | ||
| Medical Officer | 2 | 3 | ||
| Quartermaster- Sergeant | 1 | — | ||
| Total | 9 | 12 | ||
| Detail of one Company— | ||||
| Major (or Captain) | 2 | 3 | ||
| Captain or Subalterns | 8 | 12 | ||
| Company Sergeant-Major | 1 | — | ||
| Company Quartermaster- | ||||
| Sergeant | 1 | — | ||
| Sergeants | 4 | — | ||
| Farrier-Sergeant | 1 | — | ||
| Shoeing-Smiths | 2 | — | ||
| Saddlers | 1 | — | ||
| Signallers | 2 | — | ||
| Buglers | 2 | — | ||
| Rank and File | 104 | — | ||
| Total of one Company | 128 | 15 | ||
| Total of two Companies | 256 | 30 | ||
| Total of Staff | 9 | 12 | ||
| Grand Total of Unit | 265 | 42 | ||
[B]. From Regular Army.
[C]. One from Regular Army, the other a Volunteer.
The following officers, non-commissioned officers, and men will be drawn from the Regular Army:
| Adjutant and Quartermaster | 1 |
| Company Commanders (Majors or Captains) | 2 |
| Total Officers | 3 |
| Quartermaster-Sergeant | 1 |
| Company Sergeant-Majors | 2 |
| Company Quartermaster-Sergeants | 2 |
| Farrier-Sergeants | 2 |
| Shoeing-Smiths | 2 |
| Saddlers | 2 |
| Signallers | 4 |
| Buglers | 2 |
| — | |
| Total | 17 |
The force will be equipped and trained as Mounted Infantry.
Officers will be equipped and armed as far as possible like the men.
Officers and men will provide their own horses.
Officers’ Servants.—Officers will be allowed one personal native servant each and one syce for each charger. Total, three native servants per officer.
Ordnance Department.—Arms, ammunition, accoutrements, and equipment will be issued free by the Ordnance Department according to the scales given.
Officers and men will be armed with ·303 rifles and bayonets.
All members of Volunteer corps of Light Horse or Mounted Rifles joining the corps may, if they so wish it, bring with them the saddlery and equipment issued to them in their present corps.
Saddlery and camp equipment, according to the scales given, will be supplied under regimental arrangements. If required the Ordnance Department will supply saddlery and camp equipment on payment.
The Ordnance Department will supply free transport saddlery and draught harness according to scale given.
Line gear including one knee halter per horse will be provided free by the Ordnance Department.
Two horse loads of entrenching tools as for a British Cavalry regiment, together with complete equipment of saddlery, bridles, and entrenching tool bags for two horses, will be provided free by Ordnance Department.
Artificers’ tools and stores and miscellaneous stores, including two light forges for pack saddles, will be issued free by Ordnance Department.
Signalling.—Signalling equipment will be issued free on the field service scale for a British Cavalry regiment.
Ammunition.—Small-arm ammunition will be issued at the rate of 650 rounds per rifle, calculated according to the following scale:
| On soldier | 100 | rounds | per rifles |
| 1st Reserve (34 boxes) | 132 | ” | ” |
| 2nd ” (Ammunition Column and Park) | 268 | ” | ” |
| Practice ammunition | 150 | ” | ” |
Mark II. ·303 ammunition only will be taken for use in South Africa. The practice ammunition may be black powder ammunition.
Revolver ammunition will be issued at the rate of 150 rounds per officer’s revolver calculated as under:
| On person | 24 | rounds | per revolver |
| 1st Reserve | 26 | ” | ” |
| 2nd ” (Ammunition Column and Park) | 50 | ” | ” |
| Practice ammunition | 50 | ” | ” |
| Total | 150 |
Two boxes of revolver ammunition will be carried with the 1st reserve rifle ammunition. All the above ammunition will be issued at Calcutta.
The 2nd reserve of rifle and revolver ammunition will on arrival of the corps in South Africa be handed over to the Ordnance Department as may be directed by the local military authorities.
Cooking Utensils.—Cooking utensils will be provided free by the Commissariat Department if required—viz., five sets of three oval camp kettles (with one gridiron, chopper, and ladle for each kettle) per company; one set weighs 39½ lb.
Transport.—Transport mules or ponies will be provided by the corps for 1st reserve ammunition, medical equipment and signalling equipment. These animals should be trained to draught or pack work. Army transport carts as required will be provided free by the Commissariat Department.
Clothing.—Sea kit, as prescribed for the Cape Route in Army Regulations, India, Volume V., Article 2166 (but without mattresses), will be issued free to all non-commissioned officers and men by the Commissariat Transport Department.
Clothing will be provided under regimental arrangements, but field service and other clothing as required will be issued on payment indent by the Commissariat Transport Department.
Supplies.—(a) Thirty days’ sea rations for men and animals will be placed on the transport by the Commissariat Department.
(b) In addition to the above sea rations, three months’ rations for men and one month’s crushed gram and compressed hay for animals will be provided and shipped by the Commissariat Department.
(c) Supplies will be packed in one-maund packages and in waterproof bags where necessary.
Veterinary.—The Principal Veterinary Officer in India will arrange for the veterinary inspection of horses before embarkation and for the necessary veterinary arrangements for the voyage. The corps will be provided free with two field veterinary chests and two veterinary wallets.
Medical.—The Principal Medical Officer of her Majesty’s Forces in India will issue orders for the necessary medical arrangements for the voyage. The corps will be provided free with medical equipment as for a British Cavalry regiment on field service, except that two field stretchers and four blanket stretchers will be provided.
Office Stationery.—The Superintendent Government Stationery will issue free such stationery as may be required for use in the regimental office.
The Superintendent Government Printing will supply free such books and forms as may be required for use in the regimental office.
The officers in charge Mathematical Instrument Office will issue free such instruments as may be required on a scale not exceeding that of a British Cavalry regiment on field service.
Embarkation.—The force will be embarked at Calcutta. The Director of the Royal Indian Marine will arrange for the necessary sea transport for conveyance of the force, informing the General Officer Commanding Presidency District of the vessel or vessels he proposes to charter. The vessels will then be surveyed in accordance with Army Regulations, India, Volume X., and as soon as the date of sailing is known the General Officer Commanding the Presidency District will arrange for the embarkation of the force. Details regarding the transports engaged, date of sailing, and probable date of arrival at Durban should be sent to Army Headquarters and to the Bengal Command.
Stores, Rest Camps.—The General Officer Commanding the Presidency District will make such arrangements as may be needed to facilitate the raising of the force, the provision of such storage accommodation as may be necessary, and for rest camps. He will be responsible for receiving stores for the force and for loading the transport.
Telegrams.—The Lieutenant-General Commanding the Forces, Bengal, will authorise the despatch of telegrams on the ‘debit note’ system from such offices as may be concerned with the raising, equipment, and despatch of the force. He will communicate to the Director-General of Telegraphs the designations and head-quarters of officers whom he authorises to use the ‘debit note’ system, and any other offices from which such telegrams are likely to be despatched. ‘Debit note’ telegrams cannot be despatched from railway offices.
All telegrams will be endorsed, ‘Lumsden’s Horse. Debit cost to Military Department.’
Report and Maps of Transvaal.—Copies of ‘A Short Military Report on the Transvaal,’ together with maps, will be supplied by the Intelligence Branch, Quartermaster-General’s Department, Simla.
Press Correspondents.—No member of the corps will be permitted to act as a Press correspondent except with the special permission of the military authorities in South Africa.
Expenditure Accounts.—The various departments of the Army are authorised to issue on ‘payment indents’ such supplies, stores, equipment, and clothing as may be required, in addition to the free issues referred to above. All such payment indents will be clearly marked ‘Lumsden’s Horse. On payment.’
All supplies, stores, equipment, and clothing issued from stock to the force should be replaced as soon as possible, and all charges connected with the raising, equipping, and despatching of the force other than those borne by the corps itself should be debited to the Government of India under the heading ‘Lumsden’s Horse.’
Fort William: January 1900.
Field-Service Kit
| —— | Officers | N.C.O. and Men | |
| On Person | |||
| Helmet with khaki cover, pagri, and chin strap (or felt hat) | 1 | 1 | |
| Khaki serge coat | 1 | 1 | |
| Pantaloons, Bedford cord | 1 | 1 | |
| Khaki putties or leather gaiters | 1 | 1 | |
| Walking boots | 1 | 1 | |
| Spurs, jack | 1 | 1 | |
| Drawers | 1 | 1 | |
| Flannel shirt | 1 | 1 | |
| Socks, woollen | pairs | 1 | 1 |
| Vest | 1 | 1 | |
| Flannel belt | 1 | 1 | |
| Braces | 1 | 1 | |
| Pocket handkerchief | 1 | — | |
| Sword | 1 | 1 | |
| Revolver (and ammunition) | 1 | — | |
| Belts | set | 1 | 1 |
| Bandolier | 1 | 1 | |
| Field glasses (if not on saddle) | 1 | 1 (N.C.O. only) | |
| Compass | 1 | 1 (ditto) | |
| Watch | 1 | 1 (ditto) | |
| Note-book | 1 | 1 (ditto) | |
| Water-bottle | 1 | 1 | |
| Haversack, with knife, fork, and cup | 1 | 1 | |
| Map, linen (if available) | 1 | 1 (N.C.O. only) | |
| First field dressing (in special pocket) | 1 | 1 | |
| Descriptive card (ditto) | — | 1 | |
| Emergency ration (if available) | 1 | 1 | |
| Pocket dressing-case | 1 (Medical | — | |
| Officer only) | |||
| Carried in Kit | |||
| Khaki helmet cover, spare | 1 | 1 | |
| Khaki drill coat | 1 | 1 | |
| Khaki serge coat | 1 | 1 | |
| Khaki trousers, serge | 1 | 1 | |
| ” ” drill | 1 | 1 | |
| Pantaloons, Bedford cord | 1 | 1 | |
| Field service cap | 1 | 1 | |
| Walking boots (and spare laces) | 1 | 1 | |
| Putties, khaki | pair | 1 | 1 |
| Drawers | 2 | 1 | |
| Flannel shirts | 2 | 1 | |
| Socks, woollen | pairs | 3 | 1 |
| Vests | 2 | 1 | |
| Flannel belt | 1 | 1 | |
| Pocket-handkerchiefs | 5 | 2 | |
| Housewife | 1 | 1 | |
| Holdall | 1 | 1 | |
| Towels | 2 | 2 | |
| Blankets | 2 | 2 | |
| Wolseley valise | 1 | — | |
| Waterproof sheet | 1 | 1 | |
| Basin, canvas | 1 | — | |
| Dubbing | tin | 1 | 1 |
| Small book | — | 1 | |
| Diary | 1 | — | |
| Field Service Departmental Code, Medical | 1 (Medical Officer only) | ||
| Writing-case | 1 | — | |
| Lantern | 1 | — | |
| Cardigan jacket | 1 | 1 | |
| Warm coat | 1 | 1 | |
| Mittens | pair | 1 | 1 |
| Balaclava cap | 1 | 1 | |
| Cooking utensils | set | 1 | — |
| Enamelled tin plates, cups, &c. | set | 1 | 1 |
| Logline for packing, 15 feet | — | 1 | |
| Artificers’ Tools and Stores (to be supplied free by Government) | ||
| Armourer’s tools and stores | 80 | lb. |
| Saddler’s tools and stores | 160 | ” |
| Materials for repairs of accoutrements, saddlery, and line gear | 160 | ” |
| Shoeing iron and charcoal | 160 | ” |
| Reserve of shoes with nails | 160 | ” |
| Miscellaneous Stores (to be supplied free by Government) | ||
| Handcuffs | 2 | pairs |
| Steelyards, with weights, complete | 1 | set |
| Scales, weights, with small stores, &c. | 1 | |
| Light forges, Mark IV., pack saddle, I.P. | 2 | |
| Veterinary Stores (to be supplied free by Government) | ||
| Universal field veterinary chests | 2 | |
| Veterinary wallets | 2 | |
| Medical Stores (to be supplied free by Government) | ||
| Medical field panniers | 1 | pair |
| Field medical companion | 1 | |
| ” surgical haversack | 1 | |
| ” ” Cavalry bag | 1 | |
| ” stretchers | 2 | |
| Blanket stretchers | 4 | |
| Quartermaster’s Stores (to be supplied on payment by Government if required). | ||
| Drawers, cotton | 25 | pairs |
| Coats, khaki serge | 25 | |
| Trousers, serge, khaki | 25 | pairs |
| ” drill ” | 25 | ” |
| Boots, ankle | 25 | ” |
| Socks, woollen | 25 | ” |
| Shirts, flannel | 25 | |
| Caps, forage | 10 | |
| Buttons, coat, small | 6 | doz. |
| ” iron, trousers | 2 | gross |
| Cloth, serge, khaki | 20 | yds. |
| Chin, strapers[strapers], helmet, leather | 10 | |
| Thread, black and coloured | 5 | lb. |
| ” khaki | 4 | ” |
| Dubbing | ||
| Soap, washing | 30 | ” |
| Scissors, tailor’s, 9” | 1 | pair |
| Oil, Rangoon (1 gallon per company) | 2 | cans |
| Shoemakers’ Tools and Stores (to be supplied free by Government) | ||
| Soles, half pairs | 50 | |
| Lifts ” ” | 50 | |
| Tips ” ” | 50 | |
| Nails, tip | 1 | lb. |
| Rivets | 7 | ” |
| Feet, iron, 9” | 2 | |
| Leather, spare | ||
| Hemp balls, 24-lb. | 1 | |
| Tools, shoemakers’ | 10 | |
| Entrenching Tools (to be supplied free by Government) | ||
| Shovels, light | 20 | |
| Pickaxes, ” | 20 | |
| Felling axes | 8 | |
| Bill-hooks | 16 | |
| Hooks, reaping | 32 | |
| Bags, entrenching tool | 2 | pairs |
| Carried on one horse per company. | ||
| Maxim Equipment | ||
| One Maxim gun. One tripod mounting, &c. | ||
| Camp Equipment (to be supplied under regimental arrangements) | ||
| Officers, 80-lb. tent each. Non-commissioned officers and men, 8 per 80-lb. G.S. tent. Office, 80-lb. tent. Surgery, 80-lb. tent. Quarter-guard, 80-lb. tent. Rearguard, 240-lb. tent. | ||
| Baggage. | ||
| Officers, 80 lb. each. Non-commissioned officers and men, 40 lb. each. | ||
Saddlery and Line Gear (to be supplied free by Government)
For each Horse
| One hay-net. | One set head and heel ropes. |
| One nosebag, canvas. | One set heel-pegs. |
| One watering-bridle. | One jhool. |
| One horse-brush. | One blanket. |
| One curry-comb. | One set spare shoes with nails. |
| One knee-halter. | One horse rubber. |
| One canvas water-bucket. | One waterproof harness wrapper. |
| One numnah. | Water buckets, one to four horses. |
| One eye-fringe. | Sponges, one to ten horses. |
| One chagul. | Clipping machines, one to ten horses. |
| One headstall. | Hoof-pickers, one to five horses. |
Miscellaneous
| Cooking utensils, five sets per company | 10 | sets |
| Tables, office, 14 lb. each | 2 | |
| Chairs ” 4 lb. each | 2 | |
| Yakdans, office. Weight full 80 lb. each | 1 | pair |
Reserve Saddlery (to be supplied free by Government)
| Saddle. | Horse brush. | Headstall. |
| Numnah. | Curry-comb. | Head-ropes. |
| Bridle. | Knee-halter. | Heel-pegs. |
| Reins. | Canvas water-bucket. | Jhool. |
| Bit, complete. | Eye-fringe. | Blanket. |
| Nosebags, canvas. | Chaguls. | |
| Watering bridle. |
Pay as for British Cavalry of the Line (vide Article 780, Royal Warrant for Pay and Promotion):
| Rank | Per day | ||
| £. | s. | d. | |
| Lieutenant-Colonel | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Major | 15 | 0 | |
| Captain | 13 | 0 | |
| Lieutenant | 7 | 8 | |
| Second-Lieutenant | 6 | 8 | |
| Adjutant (and Quartermaster) | 5 | 0[[D]] | |
| Quartermaster-Sergeant | 4 | 4 | |
| Company Sergeant-Major | 4 | 4 | |
| Company Quartermaster-Sergeant | 3 | 4 | |
| Sergeant | 2 | 8 | |
| Farrier Sergeant | 2 | 10 | |
| Shoeing Smith | 1 | 8 | |
| Saddler | 1 | 9½ | |
| Bugler | 1 | 4 | |
| Corporal (if paid as Lance-Sergeant) | 2 | 4 | |
| Corporal | 2 | 0 | |
| Private (appointed Lance-Corporal) | 1 | 6 | |
| Private | 1 | 2 | |
[D]. In addition to pay of rank.
APPENDIX III
THE ADJUTANT’S NOTE-BOOK
Captain and Adjutant Taylor contributes the following notes and suggestions for consideration:
There were a certain number of points which struck me very forcibly during the campaign, and I should like to give them for what they are worth. There may be certain conditions to be considered, the importance of which outweighs all others, so that the following notes must be regarded only as an attempt to carry out the duty which every man owes to his profession, by showing things in the light in which he saw them. Higher authorities, busy about big affairs, fail sometimes to notice the important details with which juniors are brought in daily contact.
Spare Horses.—The corps started from India with one horse per man and the necessary complement of transport animals. There were a few casualties on the journey, which were replaced at Cape Town, and the corps began work in good condition, but with no spare animals. The supposition apparently is that men fall out just as fast as the horses. This did not prove correct in South Africa, and it is hard to believe that it would be so elsewhere provided the work required was of an active mounted kind. Therefore true economy would seem to dictate the provision of spare horses. Very soon with us a few horses got slight sore backs, but as every mounted man available was required it was found impossible to ease these horses; the inevitable result being that after a few days they were unfit for work. Consequently a similar number of men had to be taken from the fighting strength and their saddles put into the carts. As the work continued, more horses gave out, and more loads were put into the carts. Hence, while the transport animals grew weaker their loads grew heavier. To take figures. The nominal strength of the mounted portion of the corps was 250 men; actually the largest number we ever had in action was 185. The average in the fighting line was under 150; of the remainder, fifty were short on account of sickness and casualties, and fifty on account of horses short. Had we had fifty spare horses, every available man could have been mounted. As a matter of fact, thirty spare horses would probably have sufficed, as, on the principle of ‘a stitch in time,’ the timely ‘easing’ of trivial cases—such as a slight sore back or temporary indisposition—would have saved many a horse’s usefulness or life. The further you go, the more necessary such reliefs become. The exact number of spare horses depends upon the class of work required. To my mind, this is one of the lessons we should learn from the Boers, who generally had two horses per man, and often five. These spare horses can conveniently march with the veterinary hospital and be taken care of by a small ‘native’ staff. Working on this principle, Lumsden’s Horse kept every man mounted during two months’ ceaseless trek, and the horses were practically all fit and well at the end of it. On the other system each man used up seven horses in as many months. To put it in brief. A corps of 250 men and 250 horses, with their baggage, would, at the end of a week’s hard marching and fighting, be less efficient than a corps of 200 men with 250 horses, in that they would have no more mounted men in the field, while their transport would have to carry food and kit for the extra fifty men, in addition to the fifty saddles of the dismounted men, weighing some five stones each, and also probably the fifty dismounted men themselves.
The same principles affect the question of the number of baggage animals.
Method of Carrying Ammunition.—Our equipment for ammunition to be carried by the man took the shape of a belt with two cross braces. On the former were leather pouches to hold packets of cartridges, and on the latter bandolier attachments to take single cartridges. The disadvantages were many. (1) It necessitated the man carrying a heavy weight constantly on his body or else hiding packets of ammunition in his holsters, whence they were difficult to extract and where he often left them in the hurry of a dismount. (2) The pouches were a great discomfort to the men when lying down to snatch much-needed rest in the many short intervals at their disposal. (3) The whole weight of the ammunition came on to the saddle when the man was mounted, and went some way towards causing sore backs. (4) Marching on foot with this load of ammunition was so irksome that it soon tired the soldier and made him urge and take every possible excuse for remaining mounted.
The proposed remedy is to give every man two bandoliers holding fifty rounds each and a bayonet-belt to take fifty rounds. The bandoliers to be habitually buckled round the horse’s neck, like collars. When going into action the man can transfer one or both bandoliers to his own shoulders even without dismounting. Should he have under-estimated the amount of ammunition required, and have left one or both of these bandoliers on his horse, they can be sent for and found with no difficulty, the distribution being also very simple. Taking the weight of this ammunition off the saddle helps to save sore back. The man will walk unencumbered, and consequently will walk more readily, and can do so for longer distances, besides being in a better state for duties when he gets to camp. On a similar principle the rifle should not be carried by the soldier when marching dismounted, as it is better to keep his weight, say eleven stone, off the horse’s back as long as possible, and it will be longer if you put the rifle-weight, seven pounds, on to the horse and not on to the man.
Spare Ammunition.—Anything in excess of this 150 rounds per man should be, and was, carried on a led mule or horse, who could keep up with the mounted men.
Picketing Gear caused us much trouble, as every kind of ground entailed a different stamp of peg—e.g., a small iron peg did not hold in sandy soil, wooden ones broke in rocky ground, while the bundle of rope and pegs was an extra weight on the horse, and caused the saddle to roll besides making the man less handy at getting on and off his horse. The remedy was to have no heel-ropes or pegs carried on the saddle horse, and to substitute three big iron pegs with fifty yards of ‘line rope’ and a heavy mallet to every fifty men, carried on a pack-animal with the ammunition mules. On arrival in camp these pegs were driven in, the line rope stretched between them, and the horses tied to each side of it by their head-ropes: heel-ropes were not found necessary. This worked perfectly except on detached duties, when perhaps ten men were separated for some ‘post,’ when they had to ‘ring’ their horses—i.e., tie them together by their head-ropes in a circle, heads inwards. They are unable to lie down in comfort, which is of course a weak point, but it does not often happen.
Marching.—When the object to be attained was to cover as much ground as possible it was found best to trot long stages, with walking intervals between, when the men were made to dismount and lead. The man should never be on his horse except when going faster than a walk. It was found better to trot a good deal than to walk and lead even, because the time saved by the faster pace gave the men and horses time for an appreciable rest and for food while they were ‘off-saddled,’ which should always be done when the enemy’s movements in any way admit of it.
Shoeing.—Each horse, in marching order, is supposed to carry one complete set of shoes. If every man were trained to see constantly that his horse’s shoes were on firm, a shoe ought seldom to be lost. If a farrier is present, and the man has the necessary nails, a doubtful or loose nail can be drawn and replaced, hence we made the rule that the men should not carry spare shoes, but should carry nails, and we had the farriers with us. Occasionally a horse lost a shoe when on detached duty, but only then; and, after all, if the rider is careful, no serious damage should result. In any case, it is not worth while for every horse to carry a complete set of shoes always, on the chance of one horse requiring one shoe occasionally.
The Usefulness of Followers may be gathered to a certain extent from the fact that none of the officers had chargers killed by anything but bullets. Every officer had an Indian syce, and when a horse had had a hard time it was found that one day marching with the syce restored him. The follower has nothing to think about except to feed the horse when he can, and it is wonderful what good one hour in a field of green wheat or on a good bit of grass does for a tired and underfed animal; besides, the follower often chances on a bundle or two of oat-straw or some such luxury, and in any case the horse has plenty of time for grazing during the delays of the march. The men latterly employed Kaffir boys to a considerable extent, paying them wages out of their own pockets. These Kaffirs received no rations, living on their masters’ leavings and occasional steaks out of dead horses. Taking all considerations together, it would appear to be a saving to use the soldier as much as possible for fighting purposes only, and to use native followers for all work that does not entail fighting. Cooks and syces, even in small numbers, would to a great extent ease the fighting man of arduous labour which the follower could do just as well. We should have fewer cases of sickness from want of rest and lack of time to cook properly if a few native cooks accompanied each regiment. And a few syces might save the lives of many horses that have to be neglected by the men when, after a long march and perhaps a fight, they are ordered out on picket directly they arrive in camp. The native is cheaper to feed and more docile to manage, not minding things which Tommy hates—such as cutting grass, for instance. His food is simple, and he can eat it very comfortably going along the road, so that when he gets into camp he is quite fit to go to work. I was told by an officer of the Indian Transport train, who was with General Buller’s force in Natal, that he had taken his corps with his native followers right through to Belfast, and landed his animals there without a single casualty, and not only well, but fat. He attributed it solely to the fact that the servants understood their work and would unload without a murmur a dozen times a day, and cut a heap of grass for every animal when they got to camp. Why not employ the cheaper labourer, and save the dearer for work that suits him better and which the follower cannot do? The answer, I am aware, is that an armed transport man can help to defend the convoy. This is of course true to a limited extent. Our transport men never had a chance of firing a shot, and I think few had. All the ox-waggons and mule-waggons were driven by Kaffirs, on the same grounds as advocated, so why not apply the reasoning to other cases? The argument in favour of the armed transport reminds one of the sportsman who goes out armed with a gun, rifle, and pig-spear, ready for all emergencies, but never has the right weapon in his hand when the game springs up. The spare horse-shoes are another case of the same thing, and there are many others. It is impossible to provide for every contingency.
Rations.—In a general way the men’s rations were very good, but one or two improvements suggest themselves. First, everyone who has tried it knows that when spirits are not available the body acquires a great craving for sugar, which is no doubt recognised, and hence the jam issue. Chocolate is cheap, by which I mean light to carry, and is enormously appreciated; but more important than anything appear to be the tea, coffee, or cocoa rations, because, in a great measure, on the plentifulness of these depends the amount or otherwise of many diseases, notably enteric. No man will boil water and let it cool simply because he knows it’s a healthy thing to do, but he will boil it to have a good drink of hot tea. If you give him enough, he will have his drink before he goes to bed, another in the morning, and he will also fill his water-bottle with it. Half an ounce per man will accomplish this. I believe the amount allowed per man in South Africa was ⅟16 oz. By the time this had been distributed in the dark, the ration became so small that half-a-dozen men used to toss for the lot, in the hope that one at least would get a good drink. Tea, moreover, is very light. An ox-waggon load is 4,000 lbs., which is 128,000 rations of ½ oz. each; which means that 4,000 men could be given ½ oz. of tea daily for a month, at the cost of one ox-waggon added to the convoy. On our trek from Machadodorp to Pretoria, we carried supplies for about 4,000 men for about a month, and the convoy was many miles long, and I do not think that one ox-waggon added thereto would have given any trouble.
Firing off Horseback.—The value of this practice on occasions is another of the lessons we might learn from the Boers. I do not pretend that the shooting is accurate, yet it has a great moral advantage in certain circumstances. Imagine yourself on a big rolling veldt doing rearguard. The slopes are easy, and the ridges about 1,000 yards from crest to crest. You hold one and the enemy the next. In order to keep your horses out of fire they must be 200 yards or so away. All is well till you begin to retire, but on rising you at once become visible to the Boer, who first of all shoots at you, and then follows you up at a gallop to have a shot at you before you can gain the next ridge. You retire in a hurry, run the risk of being shot, and have the demoralising feeling that the enemy is gaining rapidly on you and will ‘get at you’ before you gain the next ridge. But leave near the ridge a few mounted men, place them back so far that while they can see the Boer’s ridge, the enemy can only possibly see their heads and shoulders, and order your dismounted men to retire, crawling at first, then stooping, and finally rising. They do this leisurely, as they can see the mounted sentinels watching and they are reassured. These sentinels have no fear, for they can at any time retire at a gallop, while the enemy, hearing the firing, do not like advancing on an unknown number. During the march from Machadodorp to Pretoria, this practice enabled us to do in perfect comfort a rearguard duty which was considered by all other corps very ‘nasty.’
Suggestions with regard to raising Mounted Volunteer Corps in the future.—Besides the actual experiences of the fighting in South Africa, there were one or two points in connection with the raising of the corps itself, which came to my special notice in the course of my duties as Adjutant and Quartermaster, the knowledge of which would, I think, facilitate matters in the event of anyone raising another Volunteer corps in India for active service.
In my opinion the most important point of all is to make certain that secrecy is maintained. Before any steps are taken for enrolling men, the Adjutant and other officers from the Regular Army should be selected and apportioned their work in connection with the raising of the corps. The ‘Regular’ N.C.O.s should be chosen, and the official scheme drawn up. The first duty falls on the ‘office,’ and it should be properly organised in every detail. Three or four rooms, Quartermaster’s store accommodation, a shorthand writer, at least three or four competent clerks, as well as mounted orderlies, are necessary. A camp pitched complete in every detail should be ready to receive the men, especial attention being paid to the provision of a temporary mess for the men as well as ‘dry’ and ‘wet’ canteens, and of a native food-shop for followers. This can all be done ‘confidentially.’ When the arrangements are complete, the intention to raise the corps and the terms may be made public.
If the fact of the raising of the corps had not leaked out, Government would of course have made all the above suggested arrangements, and things would have gone smoothly from the outset. As it was, every Government official assisted Colonel Lumsden to his utmost power. As a sample of this I may mention that, at their own request, the one squadron of the 14th Bengal Lancers at Alipur supplied eight mounted orderlies daily for six weeks, rendering invaluable assistance in carrying letters. This same squadron marked out the camp for us, and lent their bunniahs’ (grain-sellers’) shops for the use of the swarm of servants who came in attendance on the Volunteers. Another difficulty which it would be good to avoid, if possible, was that under existing regulations it was found to be impossible to attest the men until the day before embarkation, so that for some weeks they were in camp and being trained without being under military law. Their good feeling alone preserved discipline.
Regulars.—A certain number of men who were specialists in various lines, such as saddlers, farriers, signallers, and shoeing-smiths, together with a sprinkling of non-commissioned officers, were lent to the corps from the Regular Army, and they were of the greatest use to us. It is essential that the selection of these be made with great care. There is little doubt that the gentleman Volunteer is not always easy to get on with, so that the Regular should be a man of character and tact. When called upon for men, Commanding Officers send fully qualified men, but have a tendency to ‘give a man a chance’ in novel circumstances. Unless a Regular is a tactful, good fellow, he is unlikely to be of much use with Volunteers.
Selection of Horses.—As far as we could learn from our experience in South Africa, the three main points in the selection of a horse are: (1) hardiness, (2) true action, (3) ‘good doing’; while for convenience in mounting and dismounting he should not be over fifteen hands high. Comparative slowness, light legs, and slight unsteadiness do not seem to matter, but he must be hardy, he must be clear of any suspicion whatever of brushing, and he must be the sort likely to ‘live on sticks and stones.’ The work is all very slow, but it is continuous. There were practically no cases of lameness from sprains, or indeed of anything except ‘brushing,’ and after a month’s work, the horse which could go the furthest and fastest was the one that kept the best condition. One of the horses that did the best work in the corps was a little Boer pony of Private Graham’s, which was only about twelve hands high. As transport animals, our little ‘Bhootia’ ponies did most excellently, and were better than mules, in that while they were quite as hardy, they were heavier and more game.
Shipping Horses.—At Calcutta the quays are only a few feet above the water-level, and as the horses all have to be put on the upper and main decks, the custom is to ‘sling’ them on board by means of cranes and tackle attached to belly-bands. I saw a whole ship being laden with horses in this way. The operation took one entire day and cost five rupees per horse. One horse at least was dropped and had to be destroyed, a large proportion suffered injuries, and all were terrified. On meeting the officer in charge afterwards, I learnt that hardly any of the horses would feed at all for a day at least. For us the authorities erected a zigzag gangway by the aid of which 200 horses were put on board without accident in one hour and a half. Moreover, the gangway could not have cost 100l. Communication gangways between the decks were also fitted up, thus enabling us to transfer horses from one deck to another, and these proved very valuable in dealing with sick cases during the voyage.
Horse Standings.—Once on the ship each horse had a stall in a row, each stall being just big enough for a horse to stand in, and surrounded by a four-foot rail. On the floor-boards were fixed four strong battens, two inches square in cross section, at intervals of eighteen inches. The horse’s fore feet fell naturally on to the first batten and his hind feet on to the last. He was thus forced to stand always in a constrained position. For my own horses I had the battens otherwise distributed, putting one six inches from either end and one in the middle. The fore feet came naturally behind the first batten and the hind feet before the rear one, while the middle one did not interfere with the horse’s position, and was only used by the horse when necessitated by bad weather. It was, I think, a great improvement. This was not my idea, but was what the Australian horse ‘shippers’ recommend and use.
Shoes.—The orders in the Service are that all horses go on board shod, which is contrary to the custom of the big Australian shipping firms, who say that shod horses slip up when it is rough. We had no rough weather, and so could not prove this, but owing to the shoe keeping the foot off the constantly damp boards, the feet of our horses were, on arrival, in infinitely better condition than those of the horses brought over by Australian ‘shippers’ to India.
Exercising Horses on Board Ship.—This is, I learn, never done, but we gave the idea a trial, and it turned out to be quite practicable. Our ship was a very small one, and we had some difficulty about space for exercise ground. However, we found three places in different parts of the ship where we could get a small circle. Matting was put down, to prevent slipping, and it was found that on each of these ten horses could be led at a time, one behind the other. In this manner we managed to give every horse half an hour a day of walking exercise. While these ten horses were out, the next ten had twice as much room to stand in, which enabled the men to give them half-an-hour’s grooming. It was very noticeable how the legs ‘fined’ with the exercise, and it must have been a great relief to the horse. Our horses landed in very good condition, and, except for being soft, they were fit to go to work at once. It is obviously only possible to exercise horses like this when you have a large number of hands as we had.