J.
Jackson, under Port.
Jaconaiga, Jakonaiga.
American: a tribe of Aripones.
Jactung.
A dialect of Assamese.
Jagataic or Cagataic.
Alatyan: a dialect of E. Turkish spoken in Bokharia. It is a written language with a literature. See Vambery: “Cagataische Sprachstudien,” Leipsig, 1867.
Jagon or Jakon.
American: dialect of Lower Killamuks, spoken on the frontier of Oregon and U. California. Hale: “U. S. Expedition,” Philadelphia, 1846. See [Nsietshawus].
Jagy.
A dialect of Albanian.
Jahyco.
American: shore tribes of Brazil.
⁂ These people are the Ge, Ges, or Geiko, the tribal name being post-fixed as in Ao-ge, Cran-ge, Canacata-ge, Poncata-ge, Paykob-ge. See V. Spix and V. Martius: “Reise in Brasilien,” Munich, 1823-31.
Jajuorong.
A native dialect of Australian. Eyre’s “Journals,” London, 1845.
Jakon, under Jagon.
Jakun.
Malayan: dialect of the S. Peninsula of Malacca.
Jakut, Jakuti, or Yakut.
Alatyan: dialect of the parts between Lake Baikal and the Arctic Sea, which nearly coincides with the Russian Government of Jakutsk (Irkutsk). Boehtlingk: “Ueber die Sprache der Jakuten,” St. Petersburg, 1851. See [Yak].
Jallonka.
African: a dialect of Mandingo, allied to Fantee.
Jalloof.
African: a branch of Mandingo, much mingled with French and Arabic; it is spoken by a numerous people between the R. Gambia and Senegal on the W. coast. Called also Guiloffs, Jolofs, Oualoofs, and Woloffs. Clarke: “Dialects of Africa,” p. 6.
Jamaica, see [W. Indies].
Jan.
A dialect of Malay. See [Samang].
Jaoi, Jaoia.
American: Carib of Trinidad; it is closely allied to Tamanak. See De Laet: “Orbis Novus,” &c., Leiden, 1633.
Japanese.
Polysyllabic: the vernacular tongue of Nipon, Jesso, and the Kurile Is.; in its root words it is allied to the Moghol family, but its written characters are derived from Chinese; it has a syllabic alphabet, containing vowels and consonants in one sign, and is written in vertical columns from top to bottom. The language has no gender or article, but many pronouns, and the designations applied to various objects frequently change with the sex of the speaker. Dicty. by Hepburn, 1867; Grammar, 1861; “Dialogues,” by Alcock, 1863; “Anthologie,” by Rosny, Paris, 1871. See Loo-Choo.
Japhetan.
A name for the Aryan or Indo-European family of languages.
Jargon.
(1) French word for Gibberish.
(2) American: a mixed patois of L. Columbia and Vancouver’s I., combined chiefly of French, English, Chihaile, Nutka, and Chinuk, the last greatly preponderating. It is the trade language of Oregon, also called “Tshinuk-jargon.” Vocabularies in Hale: “Amer. Expedition”; Schoolcraft: “Indian Tribes.” See [Menieng] and [Moors].
Javanese.
Malayan: the language of the greater part of Java. In the Western districts of the island the Sundanese language is spoken, though Javanese has been partly introduced into Bantam and Cheribon, probably by its being the language of the court in these otherwise Sandanese provinces. In the eastern districts of Java the Madurese prevails. Javanese is written with a peculiar native alphabet, derived and simplified from the Devanagari. Dicty. by Gericke and Roorda, Amsterdam, 1847-62; Grammar by Roorda, Amsterdam, 1855. P. J. V. See [Kawi]. ☞
Javita.
American: a dialect of Baniwa. Wallace: “Travels on the Amazon,” London, 1853. See [Isanna].
Jazyges.
A people anciently settled in the tract between the Danube and the Theiss; it means “Bowmen”: a Magyar word.
Jebu.
African: a dialect of Yoruba, spoken on the Atlantic coast at the outlet of the R. Formosa.
Jecorilla, Jicorilla.
American: a dialect of Athabascan, allied to Navaho.
Jelliba, under [Dzhellaba].
Jervis Bay.
A district of Australia. See “Voyage de l’Astrolabe,” Paris, 1834.
Jesso.
Kurilian: dialect of Aino. See Broughton: “Voyage N. Pacific,” London, 1804.
⁂ There is also a jargon of Japanese and Aino employed for inter-communication. H. C.
Jewey, Jewish, or Judæan.
Names for modern Hebrew, as spoken by Jews in combination with many local idioms. ☞
Jhongworong.
A native dialect of Australian, closely allied to Gnurellean. See Eyre: “Journals,” London, 1845.
Jili.
A dialect of Assamese, allied to Singpo.
Jiliake.
A dialect of Mantschu; the same as Giliak. It is the Chinese name for the Koreans.
Jitano.
A name for Gipsey. See [Gitano].
Joboca.
A dialect of Assamese, allied to Namsang.
Joliba, see [Dzhellaba].
Jolof, see [Jalloof].
Jooroo, Juru.
Malayan: sub-dialect of Malacca. See [Samang].
Jower.
Papuan: a dialect of N. Guinea, allied to Seroci.
Juda.
African: dialect of Upper Guinea. “Grammaire abrégée” in “Des Marchais. Voyage,” Paris, 1730.
Judæo-Arabic.
Name for Arabic written in characters of Square Hebrew.
Judah, see [Hebrew].
Juden-Deutsch.
Name for German written in Hebrew, Square, Rabbinic, or current-hand. Stern: Lex., Munich, 1833; “Heb.-Deutsche Druck- und Current-schrift,” Prague, 1817.
Jugaghir.
Ugrian: a dialect of Fin. It is the same as Dzukaghin.
Juiadge.
American: called Lenguas by the Spaniards. See “L’Homme Américaine,” vol. ii.
Jumboo, Jamoo or Jumoo.
Dialect of Punjabi. See [Dogura].
Jupuroca.
American: a dialect of the Botocudo. Da Silva: Dicc. in Castelnau: “Exped.,” vol v., p. 249.
Juri, Juris, Yuris.
American: belonging to the R. Negro; an allied dialect is the Uainambeu. See Wallace: “Amazons,” &c., 1853.
Juriba, see [Yoruba].
Juripixunha.
American: name for the Bocaprietos or Blackmouth Indians. Same as the Juri. It is vernacular in Brasil.
Juru.
Same as Jooroo. See [Samang].
Jutish.
Teutonic: an extinct dialect, allied to Old Friesic, Anglo-S., &c.
Jutlandish.
Scandinavian: a sub-dialect of Danish.
Juyapoora (Jayapoori or Jeyapoori).
Indic: a dialect of Hindi, spoken at Jyanagur or Jeypoor, a province of Rajpootana, N.W. India. The dynasty of Jeypoor is next to Oodeypoor in antiquity.
ADDENDA.
Jamoo, see [Jumboo].
Japurin.
American: native name of the Yarura Indians of New Granada.
Jar.
Caucasian: a branch of the Akush. Also written Dzhar. H. C.
Jayapoori, under [Ju].
Jebero, see [Xebero].
Jemtlandic.
A dialect of Sweden, cited in Ihre’s “Svenskt Dialekt-Lex.” W.W.S.
Jenisch.
German word for Low-speech.
Jenisei, under [Y].
Jeyapoori, under [Ju].
Jezidi, under [Y].
Jig.
Caucasian: a sub-dialect provisionally classed as Lesghian. It is also written Djig. H. C.
Joakema, see [Yakama].
John’s, St., see [Passamaquodds].
Jokong, see [Jakun].
Jomay.
African: dialect of Shikan.
Joway, see [Iowa].
Juan, San, see [Pueblo].
Juan, San, Bautista.
American: Mutsun Indians of Monterey County, California.
Juan, San, Capistrano.
American: Californian Indians of the Acagchemem nation, classed as Diegunos, and also called Netelas.
Juanga, see [Puttoos].
Jura.
Patois of France. Vocaby. in “Mém. de la Soc. des Antiq.,” vol. v., vi.
Jurazen.
Ugrian: Samoied dialect of the N. group (Klaproth).
Jutes.
Teutonic: tribes of ancient Germans, called Goths.