Established by Edward L. Youmans

APPLETONS'
POPULAR SCIENCE
MONTHLY

EDITED BY
WILLIAM JAY YOUMANS

VOL. LIV
NOVEMBER, 1898, TO APRIL, 1899

NEW YORK
D. APPLETON AND COMPANY
1899


Copyright, 1899,
By D. APPLETON AND COMPANY.


Vol. LIV.Established by Edward L. Youmans.No. 4.

APPLETONS' POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY.

FEBRUARY, 1899.

EDITED BY WILLIAM JAY YOUMANS.


CONTENTS.

PAGE
I.Vegetation a Remedy for the Summer Heat of Cities. By Stephen Smith, M.D., LL.D[433]
II.Mivart's Groundwork of Science. By Prof. Wm. Keith Brooks[450]
III.The Science of Observation. By Charles Livy Whittle. (Illustrated.)[456]
IV.Death Gulch, a Natural Bear-Trap. By T.A. Jaggar, Jr. (Illustrated.)[475]
V.The Labor Problem in the Tropics. By W. Alleyne Ireland[481]
VI.Principles of Taxation. XX. The Law of the Diffusion of Taxes. Part II. By the Late Hon. David A. Wells[490]
VII.The Great Bombardment. By Charles F. Holder. (Illustrated.)[506]
VIII.The Spirit of Conquest. By J. Novicow[518]
IX.A Short History of Scientific Instruction. II. By Sir J.N. Lockyer[529]
X.The Series Method: a Comparison. By Charlotte Taylor[537]
XI.The Earliest Writing in France. By M. Gabriel de Mortillet[542]
XII.Sketch of Gabriel de Mortillet. (With Portrait.)[546]
XIII.Correspondence: The Foundation of Sociology.—Evolution and Education again.—Emerson and Evolution[553]
XIV.Editor's Table: The New Superstition.—Emerson[557]
XV.Scientific Literature[559]
XVI.Fragments of Science[569]

NEW YORK:
D. APPLETON AND COMPANY,
72 FIFTH AVENUE.
Single Number, 50 Cents.Yearly Subscription, $5.00.


Copyright, 1898, by D. APPLETON AND COMPANY.
Entered at the Post Office at New York, and admitted for transmission through the mails at second-class rates.


GABRIEL DE MORTILLET.


APPLETONS' POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY.

FEBRUARY, 1899.