FOOTNOTES:
[1] Essays. By Ralph Waldo Emerson. Nature, an Essay, and Orations. By the same.
[2] Memoirs of Sir Ewen Cameron of Lochiel.
[3] Die Pyrenäen. Von Eugen Baron Vaerst. Zwei Bände: Breslau, 1847.
[4] Marliani, Histoire Politique de l'Espagne Moderne, ii. 440.
[5] El santo zancarron, (literally, the holy dry bone,) an expression handed down from the Moors, and very dangerous to be used for some time after their expulsion, when an oath "by Mahomet" sufficed to make the utterer suspected by the Inquisition of addiction to the forbidden faith. It was to escape all suspicion of such addiction that the Spaniards became great consumers of pig's flesh, still a standard dish, in one form or other, at every Spanish dinner. Probably it was the excellent quality of Spanish pork, as much as the fear of the Inquisition, that perpetuated this custom.
[6] "I would much rather be a keeper of lions than have charge of Biscayans."
[7] Marliani, ii. 317.
[8] See Thucyd. i. 143, and Xenoph. de Repub. Ath. i. 19.
[9] See the remarkable passage in Herodotus (Terpsichore, 78) where he describes the change in the spirit of the Athenians after they had got rid of the yoke of the Pisistratidæ, and felt the full vigour of the free institutions which Cleisthenes had perfected for them.
[10] Scott's Life of Napoleon.
[11] History of Greece, vol. iii. p. 26, n.
[12] Plutarch in Vitâ Lysandri.
[13] Plutarch in Vitâ.
[14] Herodotus Polyhymnia, 144.
[15] See the speech of Pericles at the end of the first book of Thucydides, and also the great speech in the second book.
[16] Thucyd., iv. 10.
[17] Speech of Phormio to his crews before the second battle in the Gulf.—Thucyd. ii. 89.
[18] Herod., Urania, 90.
[19] The Paralus was the name of one of the two sacred galleys, which the Athenians employed for the conveyance of despatches, and state missions; and which were always equipped and manned with the greatest care. It is not specified in Thucydides that the Paralus was one of Phormio's galleys; but from the brilliant exploits of his squadron in this and a subsequent battle, we may fairly suppose it to have been composed of the Elite of the Athenian navy.