THE FAMOUS FORTY-FIVE.
The number 45 can be divided into four such parts that if to the first 2 is added, from the second 2 is subtracted, the third is multiplied by 2, and the fourth divided by 2:—the total of the addition, the remainder of the subtraction, the product of the multiplication, and the quotient of the division will be the same.
| The first part is | 8, | to which add 2, and the total will be | 10 |
| The second is | 12, | from which subtract 2, and the total will be | 10 |
| The third is | 5, | which multiply by 2, and the result will be | 10 |
| The fourth is | 20, | which divide by 2, and the result will be | 10 |
| 45 |
Again, 45 may be subtracted from 45 in such a manner as to leave 45 for a remainder. Arrange the following figures, add the rows together, and each row will be 45; subtract the bottom row from the top row, and the sum of the result added together will also be 45.
| 9+8+7+6+5+4+3+2+1=45 |
| 1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9=45 |
| 8+6+4+1+9+7+5+3+2=45 |