Note on the abundance of Iron Ore in Northern Arizona.
BY WM. P. BLAKE.
In 1863 I observed an iron formation of considerable extent and interest upon and near the William’s Fork of the Colorado, near its mouth. The ore is chiefly the micaceous variety of Hematite, or “specular iron,” and occurs in thick beds and in thin sheets, in a ferruginous limestone or dolomite, evidently metamorphic, and tilted up at a high angle.
It forms a belt of peculiar appearance, that may be traced by the eye for miles across the country, in a direction a few degrees south of west. This rock and iron ore is inter-stratified with chloritic and talcose slates and granite, and the series also bears copper ores and gold.
From the collections made by Lieut. Whipple’s party, in 1853, in the mountains north, it would appear, that similar rocks exist in the Cerbat and Aquarius Mountains, the extreme geological antiquity of which, was commented on by me in the Pacific R. R. Reports, Vol. III, p. 59. It is possible that this ferriferous formation is connected with the extensive iron formation of the coast of Mexico, south of Acapulco, described by Mr. Manross, (Am. Journ. Sci., XXXIX, 358,) and it may be of pre-Silurian date.
Descriptions of New Marine Shells from the Coast of California.
PART III.
BY PHILIP P. CARPENTER, B. A., PH. D., OF WARRINGTON, ENG.
Genus Corbula, Lam. (Auct.)
Corbula luteola, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 587.
C. t. “C. biradiatæ,” formâ simulante, sed multo minore; haud obesâ, transversâ, luteo-cinereâ, dorsum versum interdum obscure biradiatâ; angulo plus minusve carinato, postice definito; antice rotundatâ, expansâ; concentrice crebre sed obtuse lirulatâ; umbonibus obtusis; intus, dentibus minoribus; linea pallii angulatâ, haud sinuatâ; cicatricibus adductoribus callosis; margine t. adultâ postice altero alterum amplectante.
Long. 0·42, lat. 0·28, alt. 0·16.
Hab. San Diego, San Pedro, 50, alive, at low water.
Genus Plectodon.[16] Cpr.
Testa tenuis, scaber, rostrata, haud inflata: margo dorsalis sub umbones intus nexa, dentem cardinalem formans: dentes laterales longi, laminati: cartilago fossâ minutâ, sub umbones celatâ, dente laterali postico contiguâ, sita: sinus pallii parvus.
Plectodon scaber, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 1062.
Pl. t. ledæ-formi, tenui, subdiaphanâ, pallidâ; totâ superficie minute pustulosâ; marginibus dorsalibus rectis, ad angulum 150°; antice et ventraliter productâ, marginibus excurvatis; postice valde rostratâ, truncatâ: intus, margine sub umbones interrupto; plicâ ex apice oblique usque ad marginem dorsalem anticum excurrente; dentibus lateralibus laminatis, extantibus, postico longiore; cicatricibus adductoribus parvis, subrotundatis, ad extremitates dentium lateralium sitis; sinu palii lato, haud impresso.
Long. 0·62, lat. 0·34, alt. 0·20.
Hab. Catalina Island, two right valves, 40-60 fms, Cp.
This very distinct genus has the aspect of Theora, and appears allied to Neæra. It is probable that the cartilage was strengthened by an ossicle. The great peculiarity is the twisting-in of the dorsal margin, which ascends the umbo in a very loose spiral.
Genus Macoma, Leach.
Macoma indentata, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 365.
M. t. “M. sectæ” simili; sed postice valde rostratâ, sinu inter plicam et regionem ventralem valde expansam indentato.
Long. 2·20, lat. 1·40, alt. 0·56.
Hab. San Pedro, (young, living, Palmer;) large dead valves, Cooper.
Differs from M. umbonella, Lam., in its secta-like post-ligamental wing. This being rubbed off in the large dead valves, the shell has the aspect of a very distinct species.
Genus Œdalina, Cpr.
Œdalia, Cpr., Brit. Ass. Rep., 1864. (pre-occup.)
Subgenus Cooperella, Cpr.
Œdalina; cartilagine fossâ semi-internâ, ligamento externo contiguâ, sitâ; dentibus cardinalibus laminatis, haud bifidis, sen uno bifido.
Dedicated to the memory of Judge Cooper, of Hoboken, N.J., author of the Report on the Mollusca of the Pacific Railway Expeditions.
Cooperella scintillæformis, Cpr. n. sp. State Collection, No. 533 a.
C. t. tenuissimâ, subdiaphanâ, latiore; forma “Scintilæ Cummingii” simulante; extus argenteo-iridescente, striulis incrementi exillimis interdum uudatâ; parte posticâ paullum majore rotundatâ; intus, valvâ dextrâ dent. ii. laminatis, arcuatim divergentibus, extantibus, quorum anticus major, ventraliter sulcatus; v. sinistr. iii., quorum ant. et post. laminati, arcuati, centralis triangularis, bifidus; fossâ cartilaginali parvâ, semi-internâ, sub umbones angustiores, satis prominentes, sitâ; laminâ ligamentali nullâ, nymphis longioribus; sinu pallii oblongo, lato; lineâ pallii anticâ minus declivi.
Long. 0·60, lat. 0·48, alt. 0·32.
Hab. San Diego; San Pedro, 2 dredged in 8-20 fms. Cooper.
Genus Semele, Schum.
Semele incungrua, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 1061.
S. t. formâ et indole “S. pulchræ” simili, sed sculpturâ diversâ; transversâ, tenuii, subplanatâ, umbonibus prominentibus; pallide carneâ, radiis intensioribus ornatâ; totâ superficie minute et creberrime radiatim striulatâ; marginibus dorsalibus postico rectiore, antico parum incurvato; reliquis regulariter excurvatis, parte anticâ diagonaliter valde productâ; v. sinistr. liris crebris subacutis concentricis, antice sæpe irregulariter interruptis, postice circiter quaternis solum conspicuis, extantibus; v. dextr. liris pancioribus, acutis, antice vix interruptis, postice alternantibus, extantibus: intus; dent, card. parvis, fossâ cartilaginali angustâ elongatâ; dent. lat., v. dextrâ, elongatis, regione cardinali purpureo tinctis; cicatr. adduct. subrotundatis; sinu pallii maximo, ovali, ascendente, per quintas inter sex totius interstitii partes porrecto; colore secundum paginam externam tinctà et radiatà.
Long. 0·58, lat. 0·40, alt. 0·16.
Hab. Santa Barbara, 16 fm. 1 valve; Catalina Island, 40-60 fm., not uncommon; Cooper.
Genus? Venus, Ln. Subgenus Psephis, Cpr. 1864.
Psephis salmonea, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 1068.
Ps. t. Parvâ, subinflatâ, subæquilaterali, subtrigonâ; colore salmoneo; extus nitidâ minutissime et creberrime concentrice striatâ; margine ventrali excurvato; dorsalibus antico et postico subrectis: intus, dent. card. iii.-iii., quorum utrãque valvâ anticus porrectus, quasi lateralis, centrales parvi; v. dextr. dente postico in marginem sulcatum decurrente; cicatr. adduct. satis conspicuis, subrotundatis; lineâ pallii satis internâ, vix obsolete sinuatâ.
Long. 0·12, lat. 0·11, alt. 0·06.
Hab. Catalina Island, 30-40 fm., rare.; Cooper.
Placed under Psephis by analogy; whether the animal be ovoviviparous has not yet been ascertained.
Genus Astarte, J. Sby.
Astarte fluctuata, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 1060.
A. t. valde planatâ, ovoideâ, costis concentricis valde distantibus, angustis, undulatis, ornatâ; marg. dors. post. subrecto, ant. concavo, lunulâ longâ, parum impressâ; ventr. satis rotundato; ant. valde rotundato; post. subquadrato; intus, v. dextr., laminâ cardinali planatâ; dent. card. i. inter fossas ant. parvam, post. triangularem, extante; dent. lat. ant. acutiore, satis elongato, post. nullo; cicatr. adduct. ovalibus, posticâ callo definitâ; margine haud crenato; sulco ligamenti externi elongato.
Long. 0·33, lat. 0·26, 0·10.
Hab. Catalina Island, 30-40 fm. Cooper.
Only dead right valves having been found, it is not known whether this species be an Astarte (according to Messrs. Adams and Hanley) or an abnormal Crassatella. It scarcely differs from the young of Astarte omalia, from the Coralline Crag.
Genus Cardium, Ln. Subg. Fulvia, Gray, 1847, [or Lævicardium? Sw., 1840.]
Cardium (? modestum, var) centifilosum, Cpr. State Collection 381.
C. t. parvâ, tenuissimâ, inflatâ, subquadratim rotundatâ; umbonibus angustis, tumidioribus; marginibus, dorsalibus subalatis, antico et ventrali æqualiter rotundatis, postico vix truncato; totâ superficie, (nisi umbonibus et dorsum versus utroque latere lævibus,) tenue liratâ; liris circ. centum, quoad magnitudinem extantibus, angustis; interstitiis subæqualibus, subquadratis, interdum punctato-decus satis; parte posticâ à lineâ definitâ, lirulis minus conspicuis, laminis concentricis extantibus, crebrioribus eleganter exasperata; intus, dent. card. validioribus, lat. subdistantibus; cic. adduct. ovalibus, haud impressis.
Long. 0·51, lat. 0·48, alt. 0·34.
Hab. (modestum.) Quelpart Island, China Seas, and Japan; A. Adams.
(Centifilosum.) Monterey, 20 fms. alive; Santa Barbara 1, Catalina Island, 40 fm. Cooper.
Rounder than C. modestum, Ad. & Rve., with fewer and sharper ribs; but the Eastern shells vary, and Mr. Adams considers them conspecific.
Genus Lepton, Turton.
Lepton meroëum, Cpr. n. s.
L. t. parvâ, subplanatâ, Meroæ-formi; transversâ, marginibus omnino excurvatis; antice valde productâ; umbonibus acutis, prominentibus; dent. card. (v. sinistr.) uno, celato; lat. ant. prominente, post. subobsoleto; fossâ cartilaginali angusta; cic. adduct. remotis.
Long. 0·11, lat. 0·08, alt. 0·03.
Hab. San Diego, 1 broken valve among shell washings. Cooper.
Genus Pristiphora, Cpr.[17] n. g.
Syn. Pristes, Cpr. Rep. Brit. Ass. 1864, (pre-occupied.)
Testa “Tellimyæ Adamsiorum” similis; dentibus cardinalibus nullis; lateralibus utrâque valvâ conspicuis, postice elongatis, antice curtioribus, cardinem versus transversim sulcatis; fossâ cartilaginali inter eos sitâ.
Pristiphora oblonga, Cpr. n. s.
P. t. oblongâ, parvâ, subquadratâ, valde inæquilaterali; parte anticâ fere nullâ; marginibus, dorsalibus subrectis, fere rectangulatis, ventrali parum excurvato, postico rotundato; umbonibus antice flectis; lunulâ parvâ, concavâ: intus, v. sinistr., dent. lat. post. per totam longitudinem dorsalem decurrente, parte cardinali acutâ, alte transversim sulcatâ; ant. secundum lunulam incurvato curto, serrato; cicatr. adduct. sub fines dentium sitis.
Long. 0·14, lat. 0·10, alt. 0·06.
Hab. San Diego; 1 worn valve among shell washings. Cooper.
Genus Leda, Schumacher.
Leda hamata, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 984.
L. t. “L. caudatæ” simili, sed valde hamatâ; planatâ, valde inæquilaterali; umbonibus angustioribus, lævibus, ad trientem sitis; marginibus, dors. post. maxime incurvato, ant. parum, ventr. valde excurvatis; parte posticâ valde rostratâ, rostro biangulato, curvato, angustiore, biangulatâ; sulcis et costis validis, concentricis, supra rostrum continuis, dorsum versus postice obsoletis.
Long. 0·37, lat. 0·10, alt. 0·10.
Genus Acanthochites, Risso? (Leach, 1826).
Acanthochites avicula, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 1072.
A. t. “A. arragonitei” formâ magnitudine, pallio, et indole simillimâ; sed sculpturâ et laminis terminalibus diversâ; jugo longitudinaliter sulculis circ. vi. instructis, interstitiis quasi planato-squamosis, umbonibus latis; areis diagonalibus haud definitis; lateribus, squamis (quoad magnitudinem) maximis, planatis, ovalibus ornatis, seriebus indistinctis divergentibus instructis; mucrone parvo, antice sito; colore livido et olivaceo-fusco varie tincto; laminis insertionis valv. lat. ut in A. arragonite; anticâ, fissuris v.
Long. 0·16, lat. 0·10.
Hab. Catalina Island, 10-20 fm., rare; Cooper.
Genus Acanthopleura, Guilding.
Acanthopleura fluxa, Cpr.? n. s.
A. t. “A. scabræ” simili, sed latiore, pallidiore; viridi, rubro-aurantio conspersâ; valvis rectangulatis; suturis marginalibus haud conspicuis; areis diagonalibus satis distinctis; radiis obtusis fluxis ii., alterâ diagonali, alterâ suturali; totâ superficie conspicue granulosâ, granulis acutioribus præsertim albidis; jugo obtuso, vix vallato: laminis insertionis ut in A. scabrâ instructis.
Long. 0·60, lat. 0·40, div. 110°.
Hab. Santa Barbara Island, Cooper.
Foot, in the only dried specimen seen, extremely thin, flat, and narrow.
Genus Ischnochiton, Gray.
Ischnochiton veredentiens, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 518 a (bis).
I. t. parvâ, albidâ, rosaceo tinctâ; valvis gothice arcuatis, jugo subacuto; totâ superficie minute granulosâ; areis lateralibus conspicue definitis, minoribus, costis diagonali et suturali validis instructis, bullis valde expressis munitis; valv. term. costulis subobsoletis radiantibus; areis centralibus clathris longitudinalibus utroque latere circ. viii. distantibus, expressis, subgranulosis, supra jugum obsoletis; interstitiis â costulis subradiantibus decussatis; umbonibus conspicuis; marginibus umbonalibus à costis bulliferis valde indentatis, dentibus viii.-x. jugum versus obsoletis, marginibus haud intortis; mucrone submediano, vix extante; marginibus lobatis eleganter à clathris pectinatis: intus, sinu maximo, planato, interdum serrato; laminis insertionis acutis, late unifissatis, valv. term. circ. viii-fissatis, subgrundis conspicuis; limbo pallii squamis majoribus, planatis, tenuibus, vix striatis.
Long. 0·25, lat. 0·10, div. 90°.
Hab. Catalina Island, 20-30 fm., Cooper.
Subgenus Lepidopleurus, Risso.
Isch. squamis magnis, ut in Chitone (Lophyro) instructis, striatis.
Lepidopleurus pectinatus, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 1073.
L. t. “L. Mertensii” simili, sed omnino olivaceo; areis diagonalibus radiis plerumque iv. dense tuberculiferis, radioque altero suturali tuberculis inflexis, margines valvarum pectinantibus; costis transversis crebris validis; costulis longitudinalibus acutis distantibus superantibus, quarum margines suturas anticas pectinant; valv. term. ut in areis diag. sculptis, seriebus tuberculorum creberrimis; totâ superficie minutissime tuberculatâ: intus, valvis centralibus unifissatis, terminalibus xi.-xv.-fissatis: scalis pallii irregularibus, confertis, minutissime longitudinaliter striatis.
Long. 0·85, lat. 0·50, div. 110°.
Variat: interdum aurantio nebulosâ.
Hab. Catalina Island, Santa Barbara Island, beach, Cooper.
Lepidopleurus scabricostatus, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 1071 c.
L. t. parvâ, aurantiâ, elevatâ; valvis gothice arcuatis, jugo acuto; totâ superficie conspicue et creberrime granulata: areis lateralibus majoribus, conspicue definitis; seriebus granulorum majorum iii. radiantibus, subobsoletis; umbonibus haud conspicuis; marginibus umbonalibus colore intensiore pseudodentatis, parum intortis; areis centralibus seriebus costularum angustarum subobsoletarum longitudinalibus, valde distantibus, granulis majoribus instructis; valv. term., costulis granulosis similibus radiantibus; mucrone vix mediano, parum conspicuo: intus, lobis suturalibus separatis, sinu maximo, planato; laminis insertionis lat. unifissatis, term. x.-xii.-fissatis, subobtusis; subgrundis modicis, subconspicuis: limbo pallii latiore, squamis imbricatis, elongatis, transversim striatis, crebris ornatâ.
Long. 0·30; lat. 0·17; div. 100°.
Hab. Catalina Island; 10-20 fm., Cooper.
Subgenus Trachydermon,[18] Cpr.
Ischnochiton: squamis pallii minimis, confertis.
Trachydermon Gothicus, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, 518a.
Tr. t. parvâ valde elevatâ, viridi, rosaceo et olivaceo eleganter tinctâ; valvis gothice arcuatis, jugo acuto; areis lateralibus parvis, arcuatim distincte definitis, granulosis; umbonibus prominentibus; marginibus umbonalibus colore tessellatis, intortis; areis centralibus longitudinaliter costatis, costis rotundatis, crebris, haud valde expressis, interstitiis parvis, vix interdum decussatis; valv. term. ut in ar. lat. sculptis, posticâ mucrone mediano, subelevato: intus, lobis suturalibus haud separatis, medio latissime sinuatis; laminis insertionis, lat. unifissatis, term. viii.-x.-fissatis, obtusis, subgrundis haud elevatis: limbo pallii minutissime squamuloso, granulis confertissimis, subrotundatis, lævibus; circa marginem pilulis suberectis.
Long. 0·20, lat. 0·10; div. 80°.
Hab. Catalina Island, 8-20 fm., Cooper.
Genus Leptochiton, Gray.
Leptochiton nexus, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, 1071a.
L. t. parvâ, albocinereâ, valvice gothis arcuatis; areis lateralibus vix definitis; totâ superficie squamulis subquadratis seriatim ornata; seriebus ar. centr. longitudinalibus, ar. lat. et valv. term. radiantibus, creberrimis, haud interruptis; jugo elevato, sub-acuto; umbonibus inconspicuis; marginibus umbonalibus vix inflectis, lateralibus vix à squamulis serrulatis; mucrone conspicuo, mediano: intus, laminis centralibus valde lobatis, sinu maximo, planato; lam. insertionis obsoletis: pallio, squamulis paleatis, striatis, confertis instructo; pilis elatioribus aciculinis, crystallinis, huc et illuc et circa marginem ornato.
Long. 0·30, lat. 0·18; div. 90°.
Hab. Catalina Island, 10-20 fm., Cooper.
The appearance of this northern genus among the Mopaliæ and Ischnochitons is very remarkable; as is the character of the mantle-margin.
Genus Nacella, Schumacher.
Nacella (? palleacea, var.) triangularis, Cpr. State Coll. No. 416c.
N. t. “N. palleacea” simili, sed multo minus elongatâ; apice elato, marginibus rectangulatim divergentibus; albidâ, maculis fuscis perpaucis ornatâ; striulis subobsoletis.
Long. 0·28, lat. 0·12, alt. 0·18, div. 90°.
Hab. Monterey, 4 dredged dead, Cooper.
Probably a distinct species. The solitary shell sent by Dr. Cooper is shaped like a right-angled triangle, with five large brown spots near the base.
? Nacella subspiralis, Cpr.? n. s. State Collection, 416b.
? N. t. parvâ, carneâ, lævi, tenuissimâ; vertice “Emarginulæ” simulante, subspirali, sed apice patelloideo, adunco; t. adultâ valde elevatâ; margine laterali antico subrecto, apice projiciente, valde remoto; postico maxime fornicato; aperturæ margine antice et postice prolongato.
Long. 0·26, lat. 0·19, alt. 0·20, div. 80°.
Hab. Catalina Island, 10-20 fm., 4 dead, Cooper.
This may be the young of the long-lost Patella calyptra, Mart. It may be a Scutellina. Even the genus cannot be predicated from the shell alone.
Genus Acmæa, Eschholtz.
Acmæa (? pileolus, var.) rosacea, Cpr.
A. t. parvâ, conicâ, tenui, lævi; t. jun. pallide rosaceâ, elegantissime maculis albis et fuscis subradiatim sparsis; t. adulta strigis fusco-rosaceis et albidis pictâ; apice elevato, parum antico; intus rosaceo.
Long. 0·20, lat. 0·16, alt. 0·08, div. 100°.
Hab. San Diego, 1 sp. jun. (Palmer): Monterey, 1 dead sp. Cooper.
The absence of striæ, very thin texture, and regularly conical growth, distinguish this shell from A. patina, a rare variety of which has a pinkish tinge. Specimens in Mus. Cuming are marked “pileolus, Midd.,” but do not accord with the diagnosis. It is almost exactly like Herm[19] specimens of A. virginea. Col. Jewett’s similar shells, marked “Panama,” were perhaps West Indian.
Genus Scurria (?), Gray.
Scurria (?) funiculata, Cpr. (?) n. s. State Collection, No. 466d.
? Sc. t. parvâ, albidâ, regulariter conicâ, apice acuto, elevato, parum antrorsum sito; liris validis, rotundatis, interdum vix nodulosis, irregulariter, huc et illuc duplo vel tripliciter dispositis; margine à costis extus undato; cicatrice haud conspicuo.
Long. 0·50, lat. 0·38, alt. 0·26, div. 80°.
Hab. Monterey, 6 dredged dead, Cooper.
So different from the most strongly marked young specimens of Sc. mitra that I presume it to be distinct. The genus depends on the animal, which has not yet been seen.
Genus Puncturella, Lowe.
Puncturella Cooperi, Cpr. n. s. State Collection No. 1029.
P. t. “P. galeatæ,” fere exacte simulante; sed laminâ internâ solidâ, planatâ, haud antice sinuatâ, haud suffultâ.
Long. 0·30, lat. 0·21, alt. 0·24, div. 70°.
Hab. Catalina Island, not rare, 40 to 20 fms., Cooper, alive.
Outside like P. noachina; but with the lamina like P. cucullata, without eye-holes. The latter species is extremely variable in sculpture, but never so fine as this; and the shape is less conical.
Genus Gibbula, Leach.
Gibbula optabilis, Cpr. n. s.
G. t. parvâ, pulcherrimâ, subconicâ; lurida, fusco-purpureo maculatâ; anfr. v. subquadratis, suturis distinctis; carinis principalibus in spirâ ii., aliâ intercalante; carinâ fortiori peripheriali, et lirulis circ. vi. basalibus, regulariter colore punctatis; lirâ posticâ subobsolete suturam attingente; aliis minoribus intercalantibus; interstitiis ubique tenerrime et creberrime decussatis; basi subtumente, ad carinam peripherialem fere rectangulato; aperturâ subquadratâ, columellâ parum arcuata; umbilico magno, infundibuliformi, angulato; liris ii. intus spiraliter ascendentibus.
Long. 0·19, long. spir. 0·10, lat. 0·19, div. 80°.
Hab. San Pedro, Palmer, one specimen.
Genus Calliostoma, Swainson.
The names Calliostoma and Ziziphinus having been published in the same year, I have no hesitation in preferring the generic to the specific.
Calliostoma supragranosum, Cpr. n. s.
C. t. parvâ; anfr. v. tumentibus; liris acutis cincta, quarum mediæ læves, posticæ granosæ, basales ix. minores.
Hab. San Diego; Cooper.
The single specimen sent differs as above from the young of the next species.
Calliostoma gemmulatum, Cpr. Br. Assoc. Rep. 1863, pp. 612, 653.
Syn. C. formosum, Cpr. Proc. Cal. Ac. 1864, 155: non Forbes.
While the sheets of the Report were passing through the press, it was found that the name had been preoccupied by Forbes. As it happened the Californian sheet was being printed simultaneously, and there was no time to make the alteration.
Genus Ethalia, Adams.
Ethalia supravallata, Cpr. n. s.
E. t. parvâ, albidâ, nitente, subdiaphanâ, planatâ; anfr. nucl. ii. et dimidio, lævis, diaphanis; norm. uno et dimidio, rotundatis; postice carinâ valde extante, et fossâ concavâ contiguâ suturam tenus, supra spiram vix planatam ascendente; in medio basis rotundatæ carinâ alterâ plus minusve extante; inter eas, circa peripheriam, lirulis radiantibus minimis, haud expressis, sub lente vix conspicuis; regione umbilicari parum concavo; aperturâ circulari; labro à carinis angulato; columellâ, valde callosâ, porrecta; callositate pyriformi regionem umbilicarem circumambiente.
Long. 0·03, long, spir. 0. (?) lat. 0·45, div. 180°.
Hab. San Diego, Cooper, shell-washings.
Typical among the Vitrinelloid Ethaliæ described in Maz. Cat., Nos. 310, 318. Remarkable for the small number of turns in the mature shell as compared with the nucleus.
Ethalia var. invallata, Cpr.
E. t. “E. supravallatæ,” aliter exacte simili; sed vallo spirali omnino carente; basi angulatâ, haud carinatâ.
Hab. San Diego, shell-washings, Cooper.
These shells would certainly have been regarded as distinct, but for one specimen which began smoothly, yet after a fracture suddenly commenced a (not prominent) keel: an instructive lesson on variations in sculpture.
Genus Galerus, Humphreys.
Galerus contortus, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 369.
G. t. parvâ, tenui, albidâ; vertice nucleoso planato, extante, minimo, anfr. uno et dimidio planorbi-formibus, apice conspicuo; dein conoideâ, elevata, solute spirali, suturis impressis; superficie rudi, laminis incrementi interdum conspicuis; laminâ internâ.
Long. 0·26, lat. 0·24, alt. 0·15, div. 80°.
Hab. Monterey, 20-40 fm.; Santa Barbara, 16-20 fm.; Catalina Island, 30-40 fm.; Cooper.
The vertex stands out like a tiny Planorbis, and is more minute than in any species I have examined.
Genus Cæcum, Fleming.
Cæcum crebricinctum, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 388.
C. (Anellum) t., quoad genus, magnâ, tereti, solidiore, rufofusca, interdum radiis intensioribus longitudinalibus ornatâ; annulis gracillimis, creberrimis, rotundatis, haud elevatis circ. lxxx. cinctâ; interstitiis nullis; sculpturâ longitudinali nullâ; aperturâ acutâ, vix contractâ, vix declivi; septo subungulato, submucronato; margine laterali recto; apice acuto, ad angulum circ. 45°, maxime elevato; operculo vix concavo, lirâ spirali elevatâ.
Long. 0·14, lat. 0·04.
Hab. San Diego, 8-10 fms., 12; Monterey, 20 fms., 20, some alive; Santa Barbara, 20 fms., 3, Cooper.
Has the aspect, but not the sculpture, of an Elephantulum.
Cœcum Cooperi, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 667a.
C. (Anellum) t. parvâ, satis tereti, albâ; annulis crebris acutioribus, angustis, circ. xxxiv.-xxxviii., interstitiis subconcavis; septo subungulato; apice obtuso, haud elevato, margine laterali recto; aperturâ declivi, parum contracto et postice expanso; operculo?
Long. 0·09, lat. 0·025.
Hab. San Diego and Catalina Island, 8-10 fms., 18, Cooper.
Known from similar Mazatlan species by the very numerous but separated and somewhat sharp ribs.
Genus Turritella, Lamarck.
Turritella Cooperi, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 564.
T. t. valde tereti, tenuiore, cinereâ, rufofusco tinctâ; anf. plurimis, angustis, subplanatis, suturis distinctis; liris ii. et striulis crebris spiraliter ornatâ; basi angulatâ; aperturâ subquadratâ; labro valde sinuato.
Long. 1·80, long. spir. 1·50, lat. 0·45.
Hab. San Pedro, 60; San Diego, 16 dead on beach; Santa Barbara, 4 dead, in 16-20 fms. Cooper.
As I have seen no complete list of the very numerous fossil species of this genus, it appears allowable, rather than risk a synonym, to name this graceful shell after its discoverer.
Genus? Mesalia, Gray.
? Mesalia tenuisculpta, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 666 a.
? M. t. tenui, regulariter turritâ, fusco-cinereâ; anfr. nucl. lævibus, normalibus, apice acuto; norm. viii. rotundatis, suturis impressis; lirulis spiralibus; haud extantibus, plus minusve distantibus, irregularibus cinctâ quarum anfr. primis duæ anticæ majores; lirulis circa basim rotundatam obtusis, subregularibus; rugulis incrementi irregularibus, interdum decussantibus; aperturâ subrotundatâ, peritremati haud continuâ; labro acuto, postice flexuoso; labio tenui.
Long. 0·28, long. spir. 0·18, lat. 0·10, div. 15°.
Hab. S. Diego; 4-6 fms., 15, alive. Cooper.
Intermediate in character between Mesalia and Fenella.
Genus Isapis, H. & A. Adams.
Isapis obtusa, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 682.
I. t. “I. fenestratæ” indole simili, sed magis elongatâ, subnitente, pallide rosacea; vertice nucleoso decliviter immerso, celato; anfr. norm. postice subplanatis, suturis obtusis; costis tumentibus rotundatis circ. vii., suturas et umbilicum minorem versus obsoletis, plus minusve extantibus; interstitiis parvis, irregularibus, haud decussatis; peritremati continuo, labro tenui, secundum costas variantes undulato; labio medio calloso.
Long. 0·23, long. spir. 0·09, lat. 0·16, div. 60°.
Hab. S. Diego, 10 fm.; Sta. Barbara, 20 fm.; Cooper.
The fortunate discovery of some perfect young specimens displays a nucleus so like Odostomia that, despite the resemblance of the shell to Fossarus, which has a tuberoid nucleus, it most probably belongs to Pyramidellidæ.
Genus Rissoina, D’Orbigny.
Rissoina interfossa, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 387, b.
R. t. satis magnâ, crassâ, albâ, satis turritâ, conspicue sculptâ; marginibus spiræ rectis, vertice mamillato; anfr. nucl. ?.. [detritis]; norm. vii. tumidis, angulatis, suturis angulatim impressis; carinis spiralibus validis, in spirâ ii.; alterâ posticâ interdum intercalante; anfr. ultimo duabus quoque peripherialibus, quintâ axim circumeunte; costis radiantibus validis, extantibus, circ. xiv., ad suturas contiguis, liris regularibus spiram ascendentibus, ad intersectiones carinarum nodulosis, ad peripheriam continuis; interstitiis quadratis, alte infossatis; aperturâ ovatâ.
Long. 0·26, long. spir. 0·18, lat. 0·10; div. 28°.
Hab. Catalina Is. 8-10 fm. 4; San Diego 1; Monterey, (var.) Cooper.
Genus Rissoa, Freminville.
Rissoa acutelirata, Cpr. n. s.
R. t. tenui, satis turritâ, rufocinereâ, marginibus spiræ parum excurvatis; anfr. nucl. iii. normalibus lævibus, vertice parum mamillato; norm. iii. subrotundatis, suturis valde impressis; liris radiantibus circ. xviii. acutis, distantibus, ad peripheriam evanidis; lirulis acutis spiralibus distantibus circ. xv., quarum vi. in spirâ monstrantur, liris radiantibus et interstitiis latis, undatis, eleganter superantibus, haud nodulosis; basi rotundatâ, haud umbilicatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, peritremati continuo.
Long. 0·09, long. spir. 0·05, lat. 0·05, div. 35°.
Hab. S. Diego; 1 sp. and fragment in shell-washings. Cooper.
Genus Fenella, H. & A. Adams.
Fenella pupoidea, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 389.
F. t. Truncatellæformi, sed apice haud decollato; colore maxime variante; seu unicolori, albido, cinereo, viridescente, rufofusco, seu splendide rubro; seu varie fusco maculato; anfr. nucl. iii. lævibus, globosis, vertice mamillato; norm. v. rotundatis, fere æqualibus, plus minusve solutis, suturis subimpressis; totâ superficie tenue spiraliter striatâ; striis in spirâ majoribus, circ. viii. distantibus, minoribus creberrimis intercalantibus; circa basim rotundatam circ. x. majoribus, contiguis, minoribus paucis; aperturâ circulari, peritremati continuo, solido, ad suturam parum callosam appresso; umbilico nullo.
Long. 0·23, long. spir. 0·16, lat. 0·09, div. 12°.
Hab. Monterey, 20 fm. 45, dead. Cooper.
Genus Amphithalamus,[20] Cpr.
Testa Rissoidea; nucleo magno; apertura labio producto, labro subpostice juncto, subito in adultâ contracta.
Type. Amphithalamus inclusus, Cpr. Br. Assoc. Rep. 1863, p. 656; Ann. Nat. Hist. Jan. 1865.
Hab. Santa Barbara, Jewett; S. Diego, in shell-washings. Cooper.
? Amphithalamus lacunatus, Cpr. n. s.
? A. t. adolescente “A. incluso” simili; nucleo similiter minutissime et confertissime spiraliter et radiatim striulato; sed majore, latiore, anfr. subplanatis; basi late lacunatâ, haud carinatâ; adultâ ?..
Long. 0·06, long. spir. 0·03, lat. 0·03, div. 50°.
Hab. San Pedro. Cooper.
Two dead specimens in the shell-washings of Dr. Palmer’s consignment to the Smithsonian Institute might have been passed over as the young of Barleeia subtenuis, but for the possession of exactly the same remarkable nucleus as A. inclusus. It is presumed, therefore, that they are congeneric; if so, the adult has not been seen.
Genus Diala, H. & A. Adams.
Diala acuta, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 390.
D. t. parvâ, turrito-conicâ, cerinâ, politâ, nitente; anfr. nucl. ii. naticoideis, vertice mamillato, apice indistincto; norm. v., omnino planatis, suturis indistinctis; peripheriâ acute angulatâ, vix carinatâ; basi omnino planatâ; aperturâ subquadratâ; peritremati continuo; labro postice paullum contracto; labio appresso; columellâ antice angulatâ, vix sinuatâ.
Long. 0·15, long. spir. 0·09, lat. 0·07, div. 29°.
Hab. Catalina Is. 8-10 fm.; on beach to Monterey. Cooper.
Diala marmorea, Cpr. n. s.
D. t. solidâ, exacte conicâ, læviâ, nitente; subdiaphane pallidâ, rufo maculatâ; anfr. nucl. rotundatis, planorbeis, sub-oblique sitis, apice celato; norm. vi. planatis, suturis indistinctis; basi planatâ, sub-angulatâ; aperturâ ovali, peritremati continuo, haud varicoso.
Long. 0·17, long. spir. 0·11, lat. 0·08, div. 31°.
Hab. Monterey, S. Pedro; Cooper. Lower California, off Haliotis. Rowell.
The description is written from a single perfect specimen in Mr. Rowell’s collection, and some fragments from the shell-washings of Dr. Cooper’s.
Genus Styliferina, A. Adams.
Styliferina turrita, Cpr. n. s.
St. t. minimâ, albidâ, solidiore, lævi, turritâ; anfr. nud. iii. subnaticoideis, apice mamillato; norm. v. planatis, angustis, suturis parum impressis; basi subito rotundatâ, haud umbilicatâ; aperturâ subrotundatâ; labro postice parum contracto.
Long. 0·06, long. spir. 0·04, lat. 0·02, div. 20°.
Hab. S. Pedro. Cooper.
A single specimen of this tiny shell was found in the shell-washings of Dr. Palmer’s consignment. The mouth is unfortunately choked up with a grain of coarse sand which I have not been able to extract.
Genus? Jeffreysia, Alder.
? Jeffreysia translucens, Cpr. n. s.
? J. t. “Barleeiæ subtenui” simili, sed tenuiore, tumidiore; corneâ, pallide fulvâ, lævi, nitente, satis diaphanâ; anfr. nucl. normalibus, apice submamillato; norm. iv. subconvexis, suturis distinctis; basi rotundatâ, haud umbilicatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, peritremati vix continuo; labro acuto; labio appresso, regione umbilicari parum calloso.
Long. 0·08, long. spir. 0·045, lat. 0·06, div. 55°.
Hab. S. Diego; in shell-washings. Cooper.
Only one specimen having been seen, without animal or even operculum, the genus is doubtful. In its slight labial deposit it resembles “Litiopa” dubiosa, C. B. Adams.
Genus Cythna, A. Adams.
Cythna albida, Cpr. n. s.
C. t. minutâ, albidâ, lævi, diaphanâ, latâ; anfr. nucl. normalibus, vertice mamillato; norm. iii. tumidis, rotundatis, rapide augentibus, suturis valde impressis; basi rotundatâ, valde umbilicatâ; umbilico subangulato; aperturâ subrotundatâ; peritremati continuo, acuto, t. adultâ nonnunquam à pariete separato.
Long. 0·03, long. spir. 0·015, lat. 0·025, div. 80°.
Hab. S. Pedro; in shell-washings. Cooper.
Known from C. tumens, Maz. Cat. No. 421, by the non-keeling of the umbilicus.
Genus Chrysallida, Cpr.
Chrysallida pumila, Cpr. n. s.
Chr. t. minutâ, angustâ, albâ; vert. nucl. subito immerso, dimidium truncationis tegente; marginibus spiræ parum excurvatis; anfr. norm. iv. planatis, suturis vix distinctis; clathris radiantibus rectis, validis, planatis, circ. xx., marginibus spiræ utroque latere parallelis, sæpius attingentibus, circa basim elongatam, rotundatam continuis; interstitiis lirulis acutis distantibus, haud extantibus, circ. x. decussatis, quarum iv. v. in spirâ monstrantur; aperturâ ovali, peritremati vix continuo; plicâ parietem tenus acutâ, haud celatâ, declivi.
Long. 0·06, long. spir. 0·03, lat. 0·025, div. 12°.
Hab. S. Pedro. Cooper.
One specimen and a few fragments were found in the shell-washings of Dr. Palmer’s consignment. Differs from Chr. ovulum, in its slender shape and delicate spiral sculpture.
Chrysallida cincta, Cpr. n. s.
Chr. t. satis regulari, albâ, marginibus spiræ vix excurvatis; vert. nucl. parvo, celato, dimidium truncationis vix superante; anfr. norm. iv. parum excurvatis, suturis distinctis; costis spiralibus obtusis circ. x, cinctâ, quarum iv. in spirâ monstrantur; costis iii. posticis radiatim subgranulosis, seriebus circ. xv., marginibus spiræ utrinque parallelis, supra quartam subobsoletis; interstitiis latis, delicatim decussatis; basi satis prolongatâ; columellâ antice valde effusâ; plicâ parvâ, medianâ.
Long. 0·11, long. spir. 0·07, lat. 0·05, div. 35°.
Hab. Santa Barbara group of islands. Cooper.
The solitary specimen is probably immature. Intermediate between Chrysallida proper and Mumiola.
Genus Chemnitzia, D’Orbigny.
Chemnitzia chocolata, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 428.
Ch. t. “C. tridentatæ” magnitudine et indole simili; sed teretiore, dense castaneâ, fasciis pallidioribus sub epidermide adhærente ornatâ; anfr. primis gracillimis; vert. nucl. anfr. iii, helicoideis, valde decliviter sito, marginibus spiræ rectis, angustis, haud superante; anfr. norm. xii. planatis, primis tumidioribus, suturis impressis; costis circ. xxviii. rotundatis, validis, circa basim prolongatam haud subito evanidis, anfr. ult. sæpe obsoletis; interstitiis haud æquantibus, haud undatis, haud sulcatis; totâ superficie sub lente minutissime et creberrime spiraliter striulatâ; aperturâ ovali, columellâ parum contortâ, labro intus tenui, haud dentato.
Long. 0·55, long. spir. 0·43, lat. 0·13, div. 17°.
Hab. S. Pedro, S. Diego, Monterey; rare. Cooper.
One specimen, in Dr. Palmer’s consignment, is known from Ch. tridentata by the very effuse spire, prolonged base, and crowded ribs without waved sculpture between.
Chemnitzia subcuspidata, Cpr. State Collection, No. 670, a.
Ch. t. parvâ, minus tereti, cerinâ seu purpureo-fuscâ; anfr. nud. ii. et dimidio, valde decliviter sitis, marginibus spiræ parum excurvatis superantibus; norm. viii. planatis, suturis excavatis; costis radiantibus circ. xviii. acutis, circa basim prolongatam vix continuis, ad suturas valde elevatis, subcuspidatis; interstitiis latioribus, undulatis; sulcis spiralibus creberrimis, altis, in spirâ circ. x., costas vix secantibus, circa basim impressis; peritremati vix continuo, labio distincto; columellâ vix tortâ.
Long. 0·23, long. spir. 0·16, lat. 0·06, div. 25°.
Hab. S. Diego; 25 dredged in shoal water. Cooper.
Differs from the figure of Ch. tenuicula (which represents a shell with more numerous ribs than the diagnosis) in its more distant ribs with broader interstices; closer and deeper spiral sculpture; impressed sutures; and especially by the elegant murication of the tops of the ribs, with projecting, curved lines between. This is best seen in the young shells, when the ribs are distinct over the base.
Genus Eulima, Risso.
Eulima (? var.) compacta, Cpr.
Eu. t. “Eu. micanti,” jun. simili, sed multo minus tereti; marginibus spiræ parum excurvatis; anfr. nucl. ?.., [detritis], norm. vii.; basi et aperturâ elongatis; labro parum sinuato.
Long. 0·25, long. spir. 0·15, lat. 0·09, div. 22°.
Hab. San Pedro; Cooper.
A single dead shell was found in Dr. Palmer’s consignment.
Eulima (? var.) rutila, Cpr.
Eu. t. “Eu. micanti” jun. simili, sed magis tereti; valde nitente, rosaceo et livido tinctâ; anfr. nucl. ut in “Eu. micante;” norm. x. elongatis, gracillimis; basi et aperturâ valde prolongatis; columellâ magis tortâ; labro valde sinuato, supra suturam retrorsum calloso; labio angusto.
Long. 0·26, long. spir. 0·19, lat. 0·07, div. 20°.
Hab. Monterey; Cooper.
Closely allied to Leiostraca producta, Cpr. Maz. Cat. No. 551, but displays no varices. The Eulimidæ are very difficult to distinguish, from a few shells alone.
Genus Scalaria, Lam.
Scalaria bellastriata, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 393, b.
S. t. curtâ tenuissimâ, albidâ; anfr. vii. valde tumentibus, haud nisi per costas attingentibus; costis circ. xvii. acutis extantibus, reflexis, haud semper in spirâ attingentibus, postice angulatis, parum spinosis; interstitiis circa spiram basimque dense spiraliter lirulatis, lirulis rotundatis, super varicum angulum obsoletis; aperturâ ovatâ, umbilico magno.
Long. 0·78, long. spir. 0·55, lat. 0·38; div. 40°.
Hab. Monterey, a fragment; San Diego, 1; San Pedro, 3; Cooper.
So different in sculpture from S. pretiosa and other species with which it agrees in shape, that there will be no difficulty in recognizing perfect specimens.
Scalaria subcoronata, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 393, a.
S. t. compactâ, haud elevatâ, albâ; anfr. x. rotundatis, parum attingentibus; costis circ. xiii. acutissimis, expansis, vix reflexis, postice attingentibus, lineis margini spiræ dextro parallelis spiram, ascendentibus, t. adolesc. postice vix coronatis, adultâ simplicibus; aperturâ subcirculari, umbilico nullo; sculpturâ spirali nullà.
Long. 0·45, long. spir. 0·29, lat. 0·22, div. 38°.
Hab. Monterey; Cooper.
Like S. communis, jun., but with the upper whorls slightly coronated.
Scalaria crebricostata, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, 393.
S. t. gracili, tenui, albâ; anfr. x. rotundatis, haud attingentibus; costis circ. xv., acutis, reflexis, vix attingentibus, lineis irregulariter spiralibus ascendentibus; costis juxta suturam eleganter coronatis; sculpturâ spirali, nisi striulis interdum exillimis, nullâ; aperturâ rotundatâ; umbilico nullo; operculo normali, dense corneo.
Long. 0·70; long. spir. 0·52, lat. 0·18, div. 26°
Hab. Monterey, San Pedro, Cooper, common.
= “Scalaria, unique” Mus. Cum. No. 32.
Somewhat resembles S. tenuis, Sby., but is not so turrited.
Genus Opalia, H. & A. Adams.
Opalia spongiosa, Cpr. n. s.
O. t. turritâ, parvâ, albidâ, marginibus spiræ rectis; anfr. ix. subplanatis, suturis impressis; costis undulantibus circ. xiii., plerumque (nisi ad suturas crenulatas) obsoletis; totà superficie lineis punctorum creberrimis, spiralibus, punctis creberrimis, minutis, altissimis; circa basim imperforatam costa anticâ latissimâ, spirali; aperturâ ovatâ, valde callosâ; operculo aurantiaco, paucispirali.
Long. 0·36, long. spir. 0·26, lat. 0·12, div. 20°.
Hab. Monterey, Cooper. From shell washings.
The solitary specimen has the general aspect of O. granulosa on a very small scale.
Opalia retiporosa, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 1014.
O. t. “O. bullatæ” formâ simulante, sed sculpturâ omnino diversâ; anfr. nucl. ?... (decollatis); norm. vii. subrotundatis, suturis impressis; costis radiantibus rotundatis, subarcuatis, haud varicosis, circ. xiv., super suturas tenue continuis; anfr. ult. seriebus nodulorum spiralibus irregularibus, vice costarum, instructâ, peripheriâ tuberculosâ; totâ superficie retiporosâ, interstitiis alte interpunctatis, punctulis minutissimis, confertissimis; basi vix costatâ, à serie nodulorum angulatâ; aperturâ rotundatâ; peritremati continuo, varicoso; labro haud sinuato; operculo? paucispirali.
Long. 0·28, long. spir. 0·20; lat. 0·10; div. 20°.
Hab. Catalina Island; 3 dead in 40 fm.; Cooper.
The texture has a rotten appearance; yet one of the specimens was stained with purple, and contained the dried remains of the animal, with its operculum. In the endeavor to extract this, the shell gave way.
Genus Nassa, Lam.
Nassa insculpta, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 1008.
N. t. satis elevatâ, compactâ, tenuiore, elegantissimâ, marginibus spiræ subrectis; albescente, rufo-carneo varie maculatâ; anfr. nucl. iv. lævibus, normaliter augentibus, apice minuto, satis extante; norm. v. subrotundatis, suturis satis impressis; aperturâ subrotundatâ, canali acute reflexâ; totâ superficie sulculis æquidistantibus, quarum x. anfr. penult. apparent, insculptâ; anfr. norm. ii. primis costulis quoque radiantibus circ. xvi. haud expressis ornatâ; labro rotundato, extus varicoso, intus sulcidentato; labio valde calloso, supra basim seu parietem expanso, haud extante, intus ruguloso.
Long. 0·80, long. spir. 0·43, lat. 0·46, div. 45°.
Hab. Catalina Island, 30-40 fm.; 15 mostly alive, but few mature; animal white; Cooper.
This singularly beautiful species probably belongs to the section Zeuxis, H. & A. Adams. The callus is slightly reflexed in the best specimen.
Genus Amycla, H. & A. Adams, 1858. (auctum.)
? Amycla chrysalloidea, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 613.
? A. t. parvà, eleganter effusâ, marginibus spiræ utrinque excurvatis; albidâ, rufofusco concinne punctatâ seu tinctâ; interdum strigâ albida subsuturali, rufofusco tesselatâ; anfr. nucl. iii. lævibus, haud tumidis, apice declivi; norm. v., t. adolescente planatis, dein tumidioribus, suturis distinctis; totâ superficie elegantissime tenuiter sulcatâ, sulcis æquidistantibus, anfr. penult. circ. xx.; aperturâ flexuosâ subpyriformi; canali oblique sinistrorsum truncatâ, axi quasi umbilicatâ; labro intus acuto, postice sinuato, deorsum quasi tumidiore, intus vii-dentato; columellâ tortâ; labio antice rugis paucioribus interdum munito.
Long. 0·37, long. spir. 0·22; lat. 0·14; div. 25°.
Hab. San Pedro, 1 on beach; San Diego, 30, some alive in 8 fms. on sand, in upper part of bay. Cooper.
This is one of the most beautiful, but (without a knowledge of either animal, or operculum) most puzzling of the small shells of California. It has relations with Euryta, Truncaria, Metula, and Daphnella.
Genus Anachis, H. & A. Adams.
Anachis subturrita, Cpr. n. s.
A. t. minuta, angusta, Rissoinoideâ, pallide purpureofuscâ, albido maculosâ; anfr. nucl. ? (decollatis); norm. v. subplanatis, suturis distinctis; costulis radiantibus circ. xx. angustis, vix extantibus, parum flexuosis; sculpturâ spirali nullâ; aperturâ quadratâ; labro acuto deorsum tumente, postice sinuato; labio conspicuo; columellâ tortâ, truncatâ.
Long. 0·13, long. spir. 0·09, lat. 0·05, div. 30°.
Hab. San Diego, Cooper. From shell washings.
The only specimen seen of this tiny species is not quite mature, and has formed no labral teeth.
Genus Trophon, Montfort.
Trophon triangulatus, Cpr. n. s. State Collection, No. 580, a.
T. t. parvâ, tenui, albâ, postice latâ, antice attenuatâ; anfr. nucl. ii. minutis, lævibus, attenuatis, vertice declivi, celato; norm. (t. adolescente) iv. subtriangulatis, postice tabulatis, axi fere rectangulatis; suturis acute impressis; antice rapidissime angustatis, canali longâ, arcuatâ; varicibus circ. vii. laminalis, acutis, ad angulum in spinam apertam compressis, spinis radiantibus, parum superne arcuatis; lineâ seu angulo obsoleto peripheriali, suturam continuante; aperturâ pyriformi; labro antice haud indentato.
Long. 0·35, long. spir. 0·15, lat. 0·15, div. 70°.
Hab. Catalina Island, 60 fm.; 4 alive, of equal size, Cooper.
Resembles the young of Murex centrifuga, Hds., and is related to Trophon muricatus, Hds.
Besides the above species, which were entirely new to science, the fresh and perfect specimens collected by Dr. Cooper, on the Survey, from authentic localities have enabled me to make out and complete the diagnoses of many species first found indeed by other naturalists, but in such poor condition, or with such uncertainty of habitat, that it would have been unsafe to have ventured on their description.
[16] From the Greek, for twisted tooth.
[17] From the Greek for a sawyer; from the serration of the teeth, which is unique in the family.
[18] From the Greek for rough skin.
[19] A small island in the British Channel.
[20] From the Greek for chamber on both sides.