CAVEATS, COPYRIGHTS, TRADE MARKS, ETC.

Messrs. Munn & Co., in connection with the publication of the Scientific American, continue to examine Improvements, and to act as Solicitors of Patents for Inventors.

In this line of business they have had over thirty years' experience, and now have unequaled facilities for the preparation of Patent Drawings, Specifications, and the Prosecution of Applications for Patents in the United States. Canada, and Foreign Countries. Messrs. Munn & Co. also attend to the preparation of Caveats, Trade Mark Regulations, Copyrights for Books, Labels, Reissues, Assignments, and Reports on Infringements of Patents. All business intrusted to them is done with special care and promptness, on very moderate terms.

We send free of charge, on application, a pamphlet containing further information about Patents and how to procure them; directions concerning Trade Marks, Copyrights, Designs, Patents, Appeals, Reissues, Infringements, Assignments, Rejected Cases, Hints on the Sale of Patents, etc.

Foreign Patents.—We also send, free of charge, a Synopsis of Foreign Patent Laws, showing the cost and method of securing patents in all the principal countries of the world. American inventors should bear in mind that, as a general rule, any invention that is valuable to the patentee in this country is worth equally as much in England and some other foreign countries. Five patents—embracing Canadian, English, German, French, and Belgian—will secure to an inventor the exclusive monopoly to his discovery among about one hundred and fifty millions of the most intelligent people in the world. The facilities of business and steam communication are such that patents can be obtained abroad by our citizens almost as easily as at home. The expense to apply for an English patent is $75; German, $100; French, $100; Belgian, $100; Canadian, $50.

Copies of Patents.—Persons desiring any patent issued from 1836 to November 26, 1867, can be supplied with official copies at reasonable cost, the price depending upon the extent of drawings and length of specifications.

Any patent issued since November 27, 1867, at which time the Patent Office commenced printing the drawings and specifications, may be had by remitting to this office $1.

A copy of the claims of any patent issued since 1836 will be furnished for $1.

When ordering copies, please to remit for the same as above, and state name of patentee, title of invention, and date of patent.

A pamphlet, containing full directions for obtaining United States patents sent free. A handsomely bound Reference Book, gilt edges, contains 140 pages and many engravings and tables important to every patentee and mechanic, and is a useful hand book of reference for everybody. Price 25 cents, mailed free.

Address

MUNN & CO.,
Publishers SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN,
37 Park Row, N. Y.

BRANCH OFFICE—Corner of F and 7th Streets, Washington, D. C.



Inside Page, each insertion - - - 75 cents a line.
Back Page, each insertion - - - - $1.00 a line.
(About eight words to a line.)

Engravings may head advertisements at the same rate per line, by measurement, as the letter press. Advertisements must be received at publication office as early as Thursday morning to appear in next issue.

BAIRD'S CATALOGUES OF BOOKS Our new and enlarged Catalogue of Practical and Scientific Books, 96 pages, 8vo; a Catalogue of Books on Dyeing, Calico Printing, Weaving, Cotton and Woolen Manufacture, 4to; Catalogue of a choice collection of Practical, Scientific, and Economic Books, 4to; List of Books on Steam and the Steam Engine, Mechanics, Machinery, and Engineering, 4to; List of Important Books on Metallurgy, Metals, Strength of Materials, Chemical Analysis, Assaying, etc., 4to; two Catalogues of Books and Pamphlets on Social Science, Political Economy, Banks, Population, Pauperism, and kindred subjects sent free to any one who will forward his address. HENRY CAREY BAIRD & CO.,
Industrial Publishers, Booksellers, and Importers,
810 Walnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. An engine that works without Boiler. Always ready to be started and to give at once full power. SAFETY, ECONOMY, CONVENIENCE. Burns common Gas and Air. No steam, no coal, no ashes, no fires, no danger, no extra insurance. Almost no attendance. THE NEW OTTO SILENT GAS ENGINE. Useful for all work of small stationary steam engine. Offered in sizes of 2, 4, and 7 H. P. Send for illustrated circular. SCHLEICHER, SCHUMM & CO., Phila., Pa. A GOOD PLAN The most profitable plan for operating in stocks is by uniting capital of various sums in combining or pooling orders of thousands of customers and using them as one mighty whole, which is done so successfully by Messrs. Lawrence & Co., Bankers, 57 Exchange Place, N. Y. City. By this cooperative system each investor is placed on an equal footing with the largest operator and profits divided pro rata among shareholders every 30 days. $10 invested makes $50 or 5 per cent. on the stock during the month—$50 returns $350 or 7 per cent., $100 pays $1,000, or 10 per cent., and so on according to the market. The firm's new circular (copyrighted and free) contains "Two unerring rules for success in stock operations," and explains everything. All kinds of Stocks and Bonds wanted. New Government Loan supplied. LAWRENCE & CO., Bankers and Brokers, 57 Exchange Place, N. Y. City. Portable Grain Mills. For Mill and Farm. Built on the durable and scientific principles. Warranted fully equal to any in the market. Mills for grinding all substances. We have made mill building a specialty for 13 years. WALKER BROS. & CO., Engineers, Founders & Machinists, 23d and Wood St., Phila., Pa.
ON THE CARE OF HORSES. BY PROF. Pritchard, R.V.S. Showing the Proper Construction of Stables. Best Floor. Lighting and Ventilation. Hay-racks. Watering and Feeding. Grooming and Exercise. Cracked Heels; Lice; Colic; Mud Fever; Wind Galls. Also, in same number, facts about improved Cow Stables. How to keep Cows clean and maintain Pure Air in Stables. Increased Cleanliness and Convenience with Less Labor. Contained in Scientific American Supplement. No. 123. Price 10 cents. To be had at this office and of all newsdealers. MINING MACHINERY. Engines, Boilers, Pumps, Coal and Ore Jigs, Dust Burning Appliances. Drawings and advice free to customers. Jeanesville Iron Works (J. C. Haydon & Co.). Address HOWELL GREEN, Supt., Jeanesville, Luzerne Co., Pa. Straub's Scientific Grain Mill, 12, 20, and 30 inch MILL STONES, For Farm and Merchant work. Warranted the full equal of any mill built in America. Before purchasing elsewhere send for our circular and price list. A. W. STRAUB & CO.,
Philadelphia, Pa. USE WILHIDE'S NOISELESS, SELF-Setting Rat and Mouse Traps. Caught 19 rats one hour; 46 one night. Ask your storekeeper for them. State right for sale. Circulars, etc., free. J. T. WILHIDE & BRO., York Road, Carroll Co., Md. AGENTS and SALESMEN wanted in every city and town to introduce a new Work, the "COMPLETE BUSINESS REGISTER" to dealers. Great inducements. Don't fail to write for particulars. W. H. Pamphilon, Pub., 30 Bond St., N. Y. L ADIES can make $5 a day in their own city or town.
Address ELLIS M'F'G CO., Waltham, Mass. The "Bijou" Microscope. With mounted objects, 50c. A complete little instrument for examining minute objects. Has adjustable lens-cap, object slides and diaphragm, and magnifies 10,000 times. A marvel of perfection, cheapness, simplicity and compactness. Of pretty design and nicely finished in brass. Price, with an assortment of interesting mounted microscopic objects, 50c. Sent post paid on receipt of price to Gem Microscope Co., 156 Fulton St., N. Y. XMAS "WONDER BOX." Contains 12 Sheets Paper, 12 Envelopes, 3 Sheets Colored Paper, 1 Lead Pencil, 3 Pens, 1 Text, 12 Comic Cards, 40 Silhouettes, 36 Mottoes, 85 Patterns for Fancy Work, 112 Decalcomanie, 131 Embossed Pictures, 50 Fancy Ornaments, 1 Penholder, 2 Book Marks, 5 Black Tablets, 5 Picture Cards, 30 Scrap-Book Pictures, 1 Xmas Banner, 1 Game Age Cards, 2 Xmas Cards, 1 Toy Parasol. Price, 42 cts.; by mail. 53 cts. Retail value, $1.45. Postage stamps taken.
J. JAY GOULD, 10 Broomfield st., Boston, Mass. Gold, Silver, and Nickel Plating. A trade easily learned. Costs little to start. The Electro Plater's Guide, a 72 page book, sent for 3 stamps. Scientific instruments and books loaned to any one.
Price list free. F. LOWEY, 90 11th St., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Shaped or Crude, furnished and set for Boring Rocks, Dressing Mill Burrs, Emery Wheels, Grindstones, Hardened Steel, Calender Rollers, and for Sawing, Turning, or Working Stone and other hard substances; also Glaziers' Diamonds. J. DICKINSON, 64 Nassau St., N. Y. IMPORTANT FOR ALL CORPORATIONS AND MANF'G CONCERNS.Buerk's Watchman's Time Detector, capable of accurately controlling the motion of a watchman or patrolman at the different stations of his beat. Send for circular. J. E. BUERK, P.O. BOX 979, Boston, Mass N. B.—The suit against Imhaeuser & Co., of New York, was decided in my favor, June 10, 1874. A fine was assessed against them Nov. 11, 1876, for selling contrary to the order of the court. Persons buying or using clocks infringing on my patent will be dealt with according to law. The George Place Machinery Agency Machinery of Every Description. 121 Chambers and 103 Reade Streets, New York. THE FORSTER-FIRMIN GOLD AND SILVER AMALGAMATING COMP'Y of Norristown, Pa., will grant state rights or licenses on easy terms. This system works up to assay, and recovers the mercury rapidly. Apply as above.
THE DRIVEN WELL. Town and County privileges for making Driven Wells and selling Licenses under the established American Driven Well Patent, leased by the year to responsible parties, by WM. D. ANDREWS & BRO., NEW YORK. SPARE THE CROTON AND SAVE THE COST. Driven or Tube Wells furnished to large consumers of Croton and Ridgewood Water.
WM. D. ANDREWS & BRO., 414 Water St., N. Y.,
who control the patent for Green's American Driven Well. STEAM AND HYDRAULIC Passenger and Freight Elevators, STEAM ENGINES AND BOILERS, WHITTIER MACHINE CO., Boston, Mass. Portable Steam Engines With Automatic Cut-off. No Commissions to Agents.
Bottom Prices to Purchasers. SEND FOR CATALOGUE. Armington & Sims A. & S. were lately with THE J. C. HOADLEY COMP. STEAM PUMPS. HENRY R. WORTHINGTON, 239 Broadway, N. Y. 83 Water St., Boston.
The Worthington Duplex Pumping Engines for Water Works—Compound, Condensing or Non-Condensing. Used in over 100 Water-Works Stations. Steam Pumps—Duplex and Single Cylinder.
Water Meters. Oil Meters. Prices Largely Reduced. PATENTS at AUCTION. Regular Monthly Sales by George W. Keeler, Auctioneer. For terms, address NEW YORK PATENT EXCHANGE, 67 Liberty Street, New York. 50 Perfumed Chromo and Motto Cards, 10c.
Name in Gold and Jet. Seavy Bros., Northford, Ct.

$12 WATCHES

For Only $3 Each.

A BANKRUPT STOCK OF WATCHES,
Warranted for One Year.

This bankrupt stock of Watches must be closed outin 90 days. The former price of these Watcheswas $12.00 each. They are silvered case and openface, all one style, and of French manufacture, themovements of which being well known the world overfor their fine finish. They are used on railroads andsteamboats, where accurate time is required, andgive good satisfaction. Think of it, a $12.00 Watch foronly $3.00, and warranted one year for time.Cincinnati. O., October 1st, 1878.

The Walters Importing Co. is an old established andvery reliable house, and we cheerfully recommendthem.Cincinnati Post.

After the closure of sale of this bankrupt stock ofWatches, which will continue 90 days from date of thispaper, no order will be filled at less than $12.00 each; soplease send your order at once. With each Watch wefurnish our special warrantee for one year foraccurate time. We will forward the Watch promptlyon receipt of $3.00, or will send C.O.D. if customersdesire and remit $1.00 on account.Address all orders to

Walters Importing Co.,
180 Elm Street, Cincinnati, O.

TO WATCH SPECULATORS: We call particular Iattention to these Watches, as they sell readily at from $12.00to $20.00 each.

Cut this Advertisement Out.


$10 to $1000 Invested in Wall St. Stocks makes fortunes every month. Books sent free explaining everything. Address BAXTER & CO., Bankers, 17 Wall St., N. Y. Patent Portable Chuck Jaws. Improved Solid Emery Wheels, for grinding Iron and Brass Castings. Tools, etc. Manufactured
by AM. TWIST DRILL CO., Woonsocket, R. I.
Lathes, Planers, Shapers Drills, Bolt and Gear Cutters, Milling Machines. Special
Machinery. E. GOULD & EBERHARDT, Newark, N. J. U. S. P IANO CO.,
163 BLEECKER ST., N. Y., Manufacturers of strictly first-class Pianos. We sell direct to Families from our own Factory at lowest wholesale price. Beautiful new 7 1-3 Octave, Rosewood Pianos. Sent on trial. Thousands in use. Heavy Discount to cash buyers. DON'T buy until you read our Catalogue. It will interest you—Mailed free. Mowry Car & Wheel Works, manufacturers of CARS AND CAR WHEELS of all descriptions, Wheels and Axles, Chilled Tires, Engine, Car and Bridge Castings, of any pattern, furnished to order at short notice. Also Street Car Turn Tables. Wheels of all sizes constantly on hand. Office, 27 1-2 W. Third St., CINCINNATI, O. Works, Eastern Avenue and Lewis Street. C. W. LE COUNT, SOUTH NORWALK, CONN., Mfr. of Lathe Dogs, Iron and Steel Expanding Mandrels of all sizes. A specialty made of Amateurs' Mandrels and Dogs.
B ARNES' FOOT POWER MACHINERY. 13 Different machines with which Builders, Cabinet Makers, Wagon Makers, and Jobbers in miscellaneous work can compete as to Quality and Price with steam power manufacturing; also Amateurs' supplies. Machines sent on trial. Say where you read this, and send for catalogue and prices. W. F. & JOHN BARNES,
Rockford, Winnebago Co., Ill.
AMERICAN NOVELTIES wanted for English trade. 1,000 Sewing Machines to be sold cheap. Apply BRITANNIA COMPANY, Colchester, England.

Retail 9
Cents Per Pound. Warranted of the hardest temper, and never to settle.
ESTABLISHED
1843
Steel Horn, warranted not to break and Face of Best Cast Steel.

Better than any English make, and only one that is fully

!! WARRENTED !!

50 sizes, from 1-2 lb. to 800 lbs.

Catalogues furnished on application.


A VALUABLE WORK.

THE STEAM ENGINE

The Relative Proportions of the Steam Engine. Acourse of Lectures on the Steam Engine delivered tothe students of Dynamical Engineering in the Universityof Pennsylvania. By Wm. D. Marks, WhitneyProfessor of Dynamical Engineering. With numerousIllustrations. 12mo. Flexible cloth. $1.50.

"A valuable addition to the literature of the SteamEngine, and one which will be appreciated by engineersin practice as well as by students."—Pittsburgh AmericanManufacturer.

"A valuable work, and one which will meet with afavorable reception. * * * There is much need and muchroom for a rational and practical method for proportioningthe various parts of the steam engine, and in thisrespect your work is very welcome."—Augustus Jay DuBois, Ph.D., Yale College.


* *
*
For sale by all Booksellers, or will be sent by mail,postpaid, upon receipt of price, by

J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO., Publishers,
715 and 717 Market St., Philadelphia.


SHEPARD'S CELEBRATED

$50 Screw Cutting Foot Lathe.

Foot and Power Lathes, Drill Presses,Scrolls, Circular and Band Saws, SawAttachments, Chucks, Mandrils, TwistDrills, Dogs, Calipers, etc. Send forcatalogue of outfits for amateurs orartisans.

H. L. SHEPARD & CO.,

331, 333, 335, & 337 West Front Street,
Cincinnati, Ohio.



TEL

EPHO
25 per cent. Discount.
NES.

Special Offer. OUR NEW IMPROVED DOUBLE COILED METALIC TELEPHONE
is the finest in the world,
and the only completely satisfactory low priced instrument, with Spring Call Attachment, made by practical machinists on scientific principles; warranted to work one mile, unaffected by changes in the weather. We will send to one address one sample set, comprising two Telephones, two walnut holders, six copper bound insulators and 200 feet heavy wire, at 25 per cent. discount from regular rates, which is $3.00 for the $4.00 instruments. This offer will not hold good after Jan. 15, 1879, as our goods will then be sufficiently well known to sell through the trade, and we shall be obliged to strictly maintain the retail price. Any person of ordinary intelligence can put them up by following directions sent with each pair. We have sold during the last three months nearly 1000 of these instruments, and have hundreds of testimonials from all parts of the country. We guarantee all instruments sold. For any Telephone that fails to work, we will refund the money and pay all charges. Ask any Commercial Agency, and you will find we are good for all we agree to do.

Name this paper when you write.

Kent, Woodman & Co., 25 Congress St., Boston, Mass.



THE

DEFIANCE

METALLIC

PLANES

TRADEMARK

"THE BATTLE AXE."

ARE THE BEST WORLD.

Send for a full descriptive circular and price list to themanufacturers, the

BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE CO.,
99 Chambers St., New York.


BEST AND CHEAPEST

FOOT POWER

SCREW CUTTING


GOODNOW & WIGHTMAN
176 WASHINGTON ST BOSTON MASS.


The Only Grand Prize

for Sewing Machines,at the Exposition Universelle,Paris, 1878,was awarded, over 80competitors, to Wheeler& Wilson Mfg. Co.New York City, andBridgeport, Conn.



American Standard

Gauge and Tool Works.

22d and WOOD STS., PHILADELPHIA.

Standard Gauges and Measuring Implements,Hardened Steel Turning Mandrels, AdjustableBlade Reamers, Patent Tool Holders, LatheDrivers, etc.

JOHN RICHARDS & CO.,


WARRANTED THE BEST.

1 H. P. Boiler & Engine, $150.
2 H. P., $175. 3 H. P., $200.

Tested to 200 lbs. Steam.

LOVEGROVE & CO.,
152 N. 3d St., Philadelphia, Pa.,

Builders of Engines and Boilers, 1 to 100horse power. Send for circulars andprices, and state size and style you want.


Wood-Working Machinery,

Such as Woodworth Planing, Tonguing, and GroovingMachines, Daniel's Planers. Richardson's Patent ImprovedTenon Machines, Mortising, Moulding, andRe-Saw Machines, and Wood-Working Machinery generally.Manufactured by

WITHERBY, RUGG & RICHARDSON,
26 Salisbury Street, Worcester, Mass.

(Shop formerly occupied by R. BALL & CO.)


LAP WELDED CHARCOAL IRON

Boiler Tubes, Steam Pipe, Light and Heavy Forgings,Engines, Boilers, Cotton Presses, Rolling Mill and BlastFurnace Work.

READING IRON WORKS,

261 South Fourth St., Phila.


PERRY & CO.'S STEEL PENS.

A sample box,for trial, containingour leadingstyles, includingthe famous "U"and "Falcon"Pens, mailed onreceipt of 25 cts.

Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor & Co., Sole Agents for U. S., New York.


EAGLE TUBE CO.,

614 to 626 W. 24th St., New York.

BOILER FLUES of all the Regular Sizes,

Of Best Material and Warranted.

ORDERS PROMPTLY EXECUTED.

No Payment Required till Tubes are Fully Tested andSatisfactory.



Cigar Box Lumber,

MANUFACTURED by our NEW PATENT PROCESS.

The Best in the World.

SPANISH CEDAR,

MAHOGANY,

POPLAR.

Also thin lumber of all other kinds, ⅛ to ½ in., at correspondingprices. All qualities. Equal in all respects toany made, and at prices much under any to be obtainedoutside of our establishment. Send for price list.

GEO W. READ & CO.,

186 to 200 Lewis Street, N. Y.




Partner Wanted

To introduce my IMPROVED PROTRACTOR.Splendid chance for a person with small capital.

Addressor call on O. M. DAYTON, Utica, N. Y.


Calvin Wells, Prest.Jas. K. Verner, Secy.


Pittsburgh Forge & Iron Co.,

IRON and HAMMERED CAR AXLES.

Also manufacture as a specialty

Wrought Iron Bridge Bolts & Bolt Ends,
With Plain and Upset Ends,

To any required tensile strength, from one to three andone-half inches, with thread and nuts. Orders for whichare respectfully solicited. Office, 10th Street, near PennAve., Pittsburgh, Pa.


J. LLOYD HAIGH,

Manufacturer of

Of every description, for Railroad and Mining Use.Elevators, Derricks, Rope Tramways, Transmission ofPower, etc. No. 81 John St., N. Y. Send for price list.Plans and Estimates furnished for Suspension Bridges.


Mill Stones and Corn Mills

We make Burr Millstones, Portable Mills, Smut Machines,Packers, Mill Picks, Water Wheels, Pulleys, andGearing, specially adapted to Flour Mills. Send forCatalogue.

J. T. NOYE & SON, Buffalo, N. Y.


MACHINISTS' TOOLS.

New and Improved Patterns.

Send for new illustrated catalogue.

Lathes, Planers, Drills, &c.

NEW HAVEN MANUFACTURING CO.,

New Haven, Conn.


HYDRAULIC CEMENT

Of the very highest order and quality made any andeverywhere from Refuse or Decomposed Limestone,Marble, Shells, Chalk and Clay, and River Deposit as perLetters Patent. Address

JOHN DIMELOW, Laboratorian, Austin, Texas.


PARIS EXHIBITION PRIZES. FULL

Official List of the Awards in the American Department,enumerating Exhibits and Names and Addressesof Exhibitors, with kind of Prize awarded in each case.Supplements 149, 150. Price 10 cents each.


THE UNION IRON MILLS, Pittsburgh, Pa., Manufacturersof improved wrought iron Beams andGirders (patented).

The great fall which has taken place in the prices ofIron, and especially in Beams used in the constructionof FIRE PROOF BUILDINGS, induces us to call the specialattention of Engineers, Architects, and Builders tothe undoubted advantages of now erecting Fire Proofstructures; and by reference to pages 52 & 54 of our Bookof Sections—which will be sent on application to thosecontemplating the erection of fire proof buildings—THECOST CAN BE ACCURATELY CALCULATED, thecost of Insurance avoided, and the serious losses and interruptionto business caused by fire; these and like considerationsfully justify any additional first cost. It isbelieved, that, were owners fully aware of the smalldifference which now exists between the use of Woodand Iron, in many cases the latter would be adopted.We shall be pleased to furnish estimates for all the Beamscomplete, for any specific structure, so that the differencein cost may at once be ascertained. Address

CARNEGIE, BROS. & CO., Pittsburgh, Pa.


$7 A DAY to Agents canvassing for the FiresideVisitor. Terms and Outfit Free. AddressP. O. VICKERY, Augusta, Maine.


B. W. Payne & Sons, Corning, N. Y.

Established in 1840.

Eureka Safety Power.

h.p. cyl. ht. space wt. price.
2 3⅛ x 4 48 in. 40 x 25 900 $150
44 x 6 56 46 x 30 1600 250
65 x 7 72 72 x 42 2700 400

Also, SPARK ARRESTING PORTABLES,and Stationary Engines forPlantations. Send for Circulars.


PERFECT

NEWSPAPER FILE

The Koch Patent File, for preserving newspapers,magazines, and pamphlets, has been recently improvedand price reduced. Subscribers to the Scientific Americanand Scientific American Supplement can besupplied for the low price of $1.50 by mail, or $1.25 at theoffice of this paper. Heavy board sides; inscription"SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN," in gilt. Necessary forevery one who wishes to preserve the paper.Address

MUNN & CO.,

Publishers Scientific American.



HOWE SCALE CO.,
Rutland, Vt. Paris 1878 Were awarded the GOLD MEDAL The highest award for Scales; also several Special Medals of Gold, Silver, and Bronze. In addition to the above the