GENERAL SURVEY.
The battle cry of the American Missionary Association now is Enlargement. We are called to this by recent encouragements, and by the demands of the future.
THE ENCOURAGEMENTS OF THE PRESENT.
FINANCES.
We present our financial situation as one of these encouragements, and first in order, as being special, we mention the receipt of $150,000, the donation of Mrs. Valeria G. Stone, of Malden, Mass. This munificent gift has been so confidently anticipated, that Prof. T. N. Chase has for some time been occupied in maturing plans for the buildings to be erected by it, so that the work at all points will be pushed forward with rapidity and economy. We hope, therefore, at our next Annual Meeting, to announce that buildings have been erected at several points in the South that shall afford much needed facilities to overcrowded schools, and that shall serve as monuments to the liberality and wisdom of the donor, more fitting, because more useful, than the most costly shaft or obelisk.
Next in order, but not least in significance, we refer to the financial exhibit of our Treasurer, with its favorable balance sheet. The receipts for the year, aside from Mrs. Stone’s donation, have been $187,480.02, which together with the amount on hand Sept. 30, 1879 ($1,475.90), makes a total of $188,955.92; and the expenditures, $188,172.19; thus giving a credit balance of $783.73.
As a part of the gratifying results of the year’s expenditures, as we had no debt to pay, we can point to four school buildings newly erected or greatly improved; to six church edifices completed; to two in the process of erection; to five repaired and improved; and to three parsonages repaired, one in process of erection, and one built by the people. Among these new school buildings we are glad to number the large and commodious edifice for Tillotson Institute, Austin, Texas, a permanent outpost, we hope, in the rapidly increasing population of the great South-west.
Such a balance sheet, carrying on the one side our regular work and these new and greatly needed buildings, yet held in even poise by the generous donations of our friends, is an argument for enlargement at other points calling for it with increased importunity. We dare not be presumptuous, but may we not trust still further to the God of the poor, and will not his people sustain us in the trust?
FREEDMEN.
Our Educational work among the Freedmen furnishes the next source of encouragement.
The increasing appreciation of our schools by both the white and colored people of the South, is manifest. Georgia continues to give the substantial assistance of her annual appropriation of $8,000 to the Atlanta University. A large majority of the State Board of Examiners attended the anniversary exercises this year. Their examinations were close, their report to the Governor wholly favorable, and their recommendation of the continuance of the appropriation unhesitating, the closing words of their report being: “Who can doubt the wisdom of continuing the appropriation?”
The State of Mississippi was represented at the Commencement exercises at Tougaloo by her Superintendent of Education and other influential citizens, who, after careful inspection, gave public assurance of State aid. The first instalment, we are confident, will reach us this fall. Soon after the war, when this State was under Republican rule, it granted aid to Tougaloo. Under changed political control, this grant was for a time withheld, but now while overwhelming Democratic majorities are regularly reported, the proffer of aid is renewed. The significance of the fact is that both political parties, much as they may differ on other points, are agreed in sustaining the Tougaloo University.
Another evidence of such appreciation is found in the attendance at our school anniversaries, of persons who represent public sentiment. At Hampton, President Hayes, Secretary Schurz, the Governor and an ex-Governor of Massachusetts were present; at Berea, the audience numbered probably 1,800 or 2,000 persons, two-thirds being of the white race; at Fisk, there was reported “a crowded house;” at Atlanta, the audience was packed; at Straight University, New Orleans, it is reported that “the audience, both in numbers and intelligent appreciation, was one of the best ever gathered for the purpose in the city.” Our work is not now done in a corner, nor under the ban of good people, North or South.
The colored people show their appreciation of the schools by an increased attendance. The roll is larger than last year in the aggregate, and in nearly all the departments. The total number of pupils reported this year is 8,052 against 7,207 last year. The largest proportionate increase is in the theological, grammar and normal grades.
Our schools are meant to be religious. If not, they are as nothing to us. We watch, therefore, with great jealousy, the developments in this direction, and we are gratified to be able to report interesting revivals at Fisk, Tougaloo and Woodbridge, with conversions and a quiet spiritual work at other schools. The usefulness and activity of our students as they go out in vacation or at graduation may be illustrated by facts like these: “One pupil who is a minister reports over forty hopeful conversions in connection with his labors during the summer vacation.” Another writes: “I was assigned to a place where there was no school-house or church. The people had their meeting under an arbor. I worked with the patrons until they built me a school-house.” From Memphis the report is: “Sixteen of our young people have, during the summer, taught 1,035 day pupils, and very nearly as many Sunday-school scholars.” The returning pupils at Tougaloo reported that “the Sunday-school and Temperance work had been vigorously pushed with excellent results, one of which was over 1,300 signers to the Temperance pledge.”
Our Theological Departments are the flower of our schools, and the germinating seed for our church work. They have this year, as we have seen, increased in the number of their students and in their efficiency. Talladega reports that “eight young men will graduate from the Theological Department, all of whom will enter the Congregational ministry in the South. They are now warmly welcomed to the pulpits of all denominations.” From New Orleans: “The Theological Department is larger than in any previous year. Four of the class are ordained ministers, of whom two are pastors of churches in New Orleans.” The Theological Department of Howard University reports that “sixteen students were sent forth to preach, all of whom go to the South to the Freedmen.”
With such a record before us, a work so useful and that needs almost indefinite expansion, invites to that expansion by its very success.
Our Church Work shows a steady and healthful growth. The number of churches in the South is 73 as against 67 last year; of church members, 4,961—last year, 4,600.
In the four new churches organized, and in the six new edifices erected, and two in the process, five repaired, and in the parsonages improved and built, we see the additions to the outward scaffolding, within which is going forward the spiritual work of preparing the polished stones of the sanctuary; and we see the added force of workmen ascending this scaffolding, in the ordination of four young men to the Gospel ministry, and in the reports from our Theological Departments of well trained young men graduating and entering the service.
That spiritual work is indicated in part by the reports of precious revivals and ingatherings into the churches. The pastor at New Orleans writes: “It is my happiness to record one of the most precious revivals in the history of the Central Church.” From Shelby Iron Works, Ala: “The meetings closed with twenty-one conversions reported. Last Sunday fifteen came forward, entered into covenant with the church, and were baptized on profession of their faith. Some eight or ten are to unite by letter the first opportunity, who were not ready to join last Sunday.” From Savannah, Ga,: “There has been an unusual work of grace among this people, and the meetings have been quiet and orderly as with a New England congregation.”
We have been impressed this year with the unusual mention in the reports from the churches of the attendance and interest in the prayer meetings. If the prayer meeting is the pulse of the church, we should infer that the life blood flows warmly from the heart in our churches in the South.
The disposition for self help is a plant of slow growth among a people marvelous for their faith and passive endurance, but little used to forethought and activity. We have felt the need of developing “this grace also,” and have, therefore, taken unusual pains to induce the churches to aid more fully in the support of their pastors. The responses have exceeded our expectations; in almost every instance the additional sum we have named has been given, and in some instances more.
Other facts of the same purport are seen in such extracts as these, culled from the “Detailed Report.” The pastor of the church in Atlanta proposed that the church debt should be paid off. With a little help from the North, and from the professors of the University, it was done, making about $563 raised by the church, aside from current expenses, in six months. They have also aided in securing a fine bell of 800 lbs. The young church at Marietta, Ga., raised $300 for their new church edifice. In a church collection for the American Missionary Association in Marion, one man put in $5, being one-tenth of his crop—a bale of cotton. A man and his wife are sustaining their daughter in the school at Tougaloo with the money saved on snuff and tobacco since they signed the pledge. The church at Wilmington, N. C., claims to be the banner church among the constituents of the American Board, having given more than any other, according to number and means, as judged by the report of Dr. Alden.
The Sunday-Schools, as reported, show a slight increase in numbers, but the reports are not full, and hence the figures do not properly represent the strength of this arm of the service. Revivals have occurred in some of the schools. The Temperance cause holds its place in the hearts and efforts of our workers in the South. In the churches, schools, mission schools, and by the teachers who go out in vacation, is the good work pushed forward.
The Conferences in the South have held their meetings, and Dr. Roy, who was enabled to attend several of them, was delighted with the excellence of the sermons and papers and the ability of the discussions, as well as with the fervor of spiritual life. Some of the Conferences appointed delegates to the National Council. A marked feature at one of these meetings—that of the Alabama Conference at Selma—was the social and religious welcome it received from the white families and churches. Dr. Roy thus reports it:
“You have been told of the new era in our work, marked by the opening of half a dozen of the homes of the first families in Selma, Alabama, for the entertainment of the white members of the Conference. It was not merely the offer of their houses as eating and sleeping places, but it was a delicate and attentive Christian hospitality, which invited the guests around from home to home in order to the extension of acquaintance. When grateful words were said to Major Joseph Hardie for having led the way, he answered that that gave him too much credit; that the places had all been opened cheerfully, and that, after the sessions were over, other families had said: ‘Why didn’t you give us a chance? We would like to have had some of those folks.’ Another host, referring to the mutual satisfaction, said: ‘It is just because we are getting better acquainted.’ In the same line was the opening of the Presbyterian pulpit, morning and night. The exercises of the Conference were of a high order and well sustained throughout. It was much like one of the Western General Associations.”