PTERANODON.
Pteranodon Marsh, Amer. Journ. Sci. xi, p. 508, June 1876; and xii, p. 479, Dec. 1876; xxiii, p. 253, April, 1882; xxvii, p. 423, May, 1881; Williston, Amer. Naturalist, xxv, p. 1174, Dec. 1891
Pteranodon occidentalis.
Pterodactylus Oweni Marsh, Amer. Journ. Sci. i, p. 472, June 1871, Sep. p. 16 (nom. preoc).
Pterodactylus occidentalis Marsh, Amer. Journ. Sci. iii, p. 242, April 1872, Sep. p. 1; Cope, Cretac. Vert. p. 68, pl. vii, ff. 5, 6.
Ornithocheirus harpyia Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1872, p. 471 (Cope).
This species was originally based upon the distal end of two wing-metacarpals, and teeth. In the following year, a fuller description was given of additional remains referred to the same species and renamed P. occidentalis.
Pteranodon ingens.
Pterodactylus ingens Marsh, Amer. Journ Sci. iii, p. 246, April 1872, Sep. p. 6.
Pteranodon ingens Marsh, Amer. Journ. Sci. xi, p. 508, June 1876.
This species is based upon various bones of the wing-finger of several individuals, and three teeth.
Pteranodon umbrosus.
Ornithocheirus umbrosus Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1872, p. 471.
Pterodactylus umbrosus Cope, Cret. Vert. p. 65, pl. vii, ff. 1-4.
Marsh (Amer. Journ. Sci. xii, p. 480, Dec. 1876) says this name is a synonym of P. ingens, published two days earlier. As this synonymy is not certain, and as Cope’s species has been figured, I am not ready to accept his views.
Pteranodon velox.
Pterodactylus velox Marsh, Amer. Journ. Sci. iii, p. 247, April 1872, Sep. p. 8.
Based upon the distal end of the right metacarpal of the wing-finger, and the proximal extremity of the adjoining first phalanx, two uncharacteristic parts of the skeleton, Marsh to the contrary notwithstanding. It is doubtful whether the direct comparison of the types will suffice to determine the species with certainty. “Both of the bones are somewhat distorted by pressure.”
Pteranodon longiceps.
Pteranodon longiceps Marsh, Amer. Journ. Sci. xi, p. 508, June 1875; xxvii, p. 424, pl. xv, May 1884.
Based upon a somewhat defective skull, without other bones. There is no evidence whatever that the species is distinct from the preceding.
Pteranodon comptus.
Pteranodon comptus Marsh, Amer. Journ. Sci. xi, p. 509, June 1876.
Based upon wing-bones of three individuals. The description is meagre.
Pteranodon nanus.
Pteranodon nanus Marsh, Amer. Journ. Sci. xxi, p. 343, April 1881.
Based upon various remains of one individual; the humerus, alone, is recognizably described.