NORTHWESTERN HISTORY SYLLABUS
[The aim of this department is to furnish outlines that will aid those who wish to study the subject systematically. It is expected that its greatest use will be as a guide for members of women's clubs, literary societies, and classes in college or high schools. It will be a form of university extension without the theses and examinations necessary for the earning credits toward a degree.]
X. Review of Boundaries
1. Louisiana Purchase.
a. France cedes to Spain, 1763.
b. Spain cedes back to France, 1801.
c. Lucien Bonaparte's Diary.
d. Treaty of 30 April, 1803.
e. Indefinite boundaries.
2. Treaty of Ghent, 1814.
a. Instructions to American Commissioners.
b. Ante-bellum conditions as to territory.
c. Astoria included.
3. Joint Occupancy Treaty.
a. Signed 20 October, 1818.
b. Article III provides for joint occupancy.
c. Limit of ten years.
4. Purchase of Florida, 1819.
a. Fixes southern boundary of Oregon country.
b. Spain gives United States quitclaim to Oregon.
5. Fifty-four, Forty.
a. Ukase of Russian Czar, 1821.
b. Europe too disturbed to notice.
c. England and United States object.
d. Part of Monroe Doctrine, 1823.
e. Russian Treaty with United States, 1824.
f. Russian Treaty with Great Britain, 1825.
g. Boundary fixed at 54-40.
6. Joint Occupancy Renewed.
a. Treaty with Great Britain, 1827.
b. Term indefinite.
c. May be terminated by twelve months' notice.
7. Webster-Ashburton Treaty, 1842.
a. Northern boundary adjusted.
b. Ended at Rocky Mountains.
c. Oregon not included.
8. Treaty of 1846.
a. Compromise boundary fixed at 49th parallel.
b. Skirting Vancouver Island sowed seed of further trouble.
Bibliography.—Former citations will in many cases apply to this syllabus. The following works will, however, bear directly on the subjects and will also point to other works as needed.
Bancroft, Hubert Howe. Works of. See the two volumes on the Northwest Coast, the two on Oregon and the one on Alaska. The indexes will guide.
Hermann, Binger. The Louisiana Purchase and Our Title West of the Rocky Mountains, with a Review of Annexation by the United States. Mr. Hermann was United States Commissioner of the General Land Office and his book was issued as a public document in 1898. It should be found in all libraries of the Northwest. He shows that Oregon was not included in the Louisiana Purchase, although his predecessor had issued a government map showing that it was so included.
Hosmer, James Kendall. History of the Louisiana Purchase. This work was issued in 1902 as a timely book on account of the approaching Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904. Here may be found an extract from Lucien Bonaparte's Diary.
Johnson, Sidona V. A Short History of Oregon. This little book, cited heretofore, will touch upon most of the points covered in this syllabus. The table of contents and index will guide.
Malloy, William M. Treaties, Conventions, International Acts, Protocols and Agreements between the United States of America and Other Powers, 1776-1909. This prime source book in two volumes is a government publication and ought to be in every public library. The treaties are arranged in alphabetical order as to countries and there is an adequate index as well as abundant explanatory notes. Every student of our boundaries should become familiar with this work.
Marshall, William I. Acquisition of Oregon, Vol. I., Pp., 142-143. Here the author shows that Astoria was included in the antebellum conditions of the Treaty of Ghent. If the student has access to a large library he may go to the source quoted by Marshall: American State Papers, Foreign Relations, Vol. III., Documents 269 and 271.
Meany, Edmond S. History of the State of Washington. The table of contents and index will guide to the various topics and footnotes will point the way to original sources.
Schafer, Joseph. A History of the Pacific Northwest. This is another work which will help the student working on such a syllabus as the above by applying the index to each of the topics.